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(共31张PPT)
专题二 句 法
C
C
第五节 交际用语
1. 【2024·四川省高职单招】—Sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
—_______ .
A. Certainly not B. I'm afraid not
C. That's all right D. You are welcome
【剖析】考查交际用语。句意为：“——抱歉让你等了这么久。——没关系。”Certainly not意为“当然不”；I'm afraid not意为“恐怕不”；That's all right意为“没关系”；You are welcome意为“不客气”。根据“Sorry to have kept you waiting so long.”可知，此处表达对对方的歉意表示理解和接受。故选C。
C
C
2. 【2023·四川省高职单招】— I'm taking my driving test tomorrow.
— !
A. Congratulations B. Good luck
C. Hurry up D. Thanks
【剖析】考查交际用语。句意为：“——我明天要参加驾照考试。——祝你好运!”congratulations意为“祝贺”，一般用于“祝贺”别人已经取得成功；good luck意为“祝你好运”，用来“祝愿”他人成功，说话时别人还未成功；hurry up意为“快点”，一般用于催促别人；thanks意为“谢谢”。根据语境可知选B。
B
C
3. 【2022·四川省高职单招】—What do you do
— ______
A. Can I help you B. I'm a plumber.
C. I'm fine. D. What do you do
【剖析】考查交际用语。What do you do 用于询问职业，所以I'm a plumber.（我是一名水管工。）可以作为答语。注意How do you do 是问候语，意为“你好！”，同样用How do you do 回答，不要与What do you do 混淆。故选B。
B
4. 【2021·四川省高职单招】—Would you like another piece of pizza, Mary
— ______ .?I am full.
A. No, thanks B. Yes, please
C. No problem D. Go ahead
【剖析】考查交际用语。根据答语中的“I am full.”可知，应该回答不吃，故用“No, thanks.”表示拒绝。“Yes, please.”表示接受。句意为：“——你想再要一块披萨吗，玛丽？——不了，谢谢。我饱了。”故选A。
A
C
考点精讲
考点一 问候与道别（greeting and saying goodbye）
(1) 问候（greetings）。
·Good morning/afternoon/evening! 早上/下午/晚上好！
·Hello!/ Hi! 你好！/嗨！
·How are you 你好吗？
·Best wishes/regards to sb. 向某人问好。
·Please give my regards/best wishes to your parents. 请代我向你的父母问好。
·Please remember me to your parents. 请代我问候你的父母。
·Say hello to your parents. 向你的父母问好。
·How do you do 您好！（初次见面时用）
·Glad/Pleased to meet you here. 很高兴在这里见到你。
(2) 告别（farewells）。
·Good-bye!/ Bye-bye!/ Bye! 再见！
·See you. / See you later/tomorrow. 回头见。/明天见。
·Good night. 晚安。
·I'm afraid I must be leaving/must be off/have to go now. 恐怕我得走了。
·I think it's time for us to leave now. 我想我们该走了。
·It's time I did my homework. 我该去做作业了。（注意从句要用虚拟语气）
考点二 引荐与介绍（introducing oneself and others）
·This is Mr. /Mrs. /Miss/Ms. White. 这位是White先生/夫人/小姐/女士。
·May I introduce you to my friends 我把您介绍给我的朋友好吗
·I'd like you to meet my parents. 我想请你见见我的父母。
·Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet/see you. 见到您我很高兴。
·Nice meeting you, Mr. Green. 格林先生，我真高兴能认识您。（多用于分手时）
·My name is Li Ming. 我叫李明。
·I'm a teacher. 我是一名老师。
·I'm Chinese. 我是中国人。
·Excuse me, what's your full name, please 请问您尊姓大名？
·I have often heard about you. 我常常听人谈起您。
·I have often wanted to meet you. 我一直想认识您。
·Excuse my introducing myself. 恕我冒昧地自我介绍一下。
·I don't think you have met my father. 我想你还没有见过我父亲吧。
·Allow/Let me introduce my teacher to you. 请允许/让我给你介绍一下我的老师。
考点三 感谢与道歉（expressing thanks and making apologies）
(1) 感谢和应答（thanks and responses）。
·Thank you (very much). （非常）感谢。/ Thanks a lot. / Many thanks. 多谢。
·Thanks / Thank you for listening. 谢谢（倾听）。
·—It's very kind of you (to help me). 您真是太好了（帮了我的忙）。
—It's a pleasure. / My pleasure. / That's all right. 不用客气。/我很乐意。/没关系。
·—Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你。
—That's all right. / You are welcome. / Not at all. 不用谢。/别客气。
·I don't know how I can thank you enough. 我不知怎样谢你才好。
·I don't know what I should have done without your help. 没有你的帮助我真不知道怎么办。
·—Could you please carry these books to my office 请帮我把这些书搬到办公室好吗？
—With pleasure. 很乐意。
(2) 道歉和应答(apologies and responses)。
·Pardon. 请原谅。(这里应读降调;若读升调,则表示因没听清楚对方的话而希望对方重复一遍。)
·Sorry / I'm sorry. 对不起。
·I'm sorry for/about that. 我为此感到抱歉。
·I'm sorry to hear that. 听到这个我很难过/遗憾。
·—I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. 抱歉让你久等了。/Excuse me for having kept you waiting for a long time. 请原谅让你久等了。
—It doesn't matter. 不要紧。/That's nothing. 没有什么。/That's all right. 没关系。/That's OK. 没关系。/Never mind. 没关系。
·—It was most thoughtless of me. 我太鲁莽了。/I must apologize. 我得向你道歉。/I really didn't mean that at all. 我真的完全没有那个意思。
—Don't worry about that. 不要为那件事觉得不安。/ It really isn't worth mentioning. 那真是不值得一提的。/Don't think any more about it. 别再去想它了。
考点四 预约与邀请（making appointments and invitations）
(1) 预约(making appointments)。
·—Are you / Will you be / Do you happen to be free tomorrow afternoon 明天下午你有空吗？
—Yes, I'll be free then. 是的，到时候我有空。/No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free the next day. 不行，那会儿我没空，但是第二天我有空。
·—How about tomorrow morning 明天早上怎么样？/Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate 我们4:30在校门口见好吗？
—Yes, that's all right. 行，可以。/All right, see you then. 好吧，到时候见。
·Let's make it 8 o'clock. 我们约定八点吧。
·Let's meet at the school gate. 我们在校门口见面吧。
·Have you got anything to do tomorrow 你明天有事吗？
·(At) what time can I see you 我什么时候可以看你？
·May I expect you at four 我四点钟等你好吗？
·Up to what time shall you be free 那什么时候你才有空？
·Try to come earlier, if you can. 如果可以的话，尽量早一些来。
·If you are prevented from coming, will you let me know 如果你不能来，请告诉我一声好吗？
·Shall I call for you or will you come for me 是我来叫你呢？还是你来约我？
·Wouldn't it be better to come a little later 晚一点儿来不是更好吗？
(2) 邀请和应答(invitations and responses)。
·—Will you come to my birthday party 您能来参加我的生日聚会吗？/Would you like to come to my birthday party 您愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗？
—Yes, I'd love to (go to your birthday party). 可以呀，我非常愿意（去参加你的生日聚会）。
/Yes, I'd love to, but I'm too busy to go. 是的，我非常想参加，但是我太忙了，去不了。/Yes, it's very kind/nice of you. 愿意，承蒙你的好意。
·—Shall we have a drink 我们喝点东西好吗？
—That would be very nice. 那太好了。/With pleasure. 很乐意。
考点五 祝愿与祝贺（expressing wishes and congratulations）
·—Good luck! 祝你好运！/I wish you good success! 祝你成功！/ Good journey to you! 旅途愉快！/ Have a good trip. 旅途愉快。/ Have a good time. 祝你玩得高兴。/ I'd like to congratulate you on your success. 祝贺你的成功。/ Happy birthday to you. 祝你生日快乐。/ Congratulations! 祝贺你！
—Thank you. 谢谢。
·—Happy New Year! 新年好！/Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐！
—The same to you. 也祝贺你。
考点六 请求与提供帮助（requests and offering help）
(1) 请求（requests）。
·Can/Will/Could/Would you do it for me 你能帮我做这件事情吗？
·Can/Will/Could/Would you please give me a hand 请你帮我个忙好吗？
·May I have your attention 请注意啦！
·Please give(pass) me that pen. 请递给我那支笔。
·Please wait here. 请在此等候。
·Please wait a moment. 请等一下。
·Please wait (for) your turn. 请等着轮到你吧。
·Please stand in line. 请站队。
·Please line up. 请排起队来。
·Please hurry. 请快点儿。
·Make sure that the important papers are all right please. 请务必保证那些重要文件的安全。
·Make sure of the time and place. 把时间、地点弄清楚。
·Don't rush/hurry. 别急。
·Don't crowd. 别挤。
·No noise, please. 请勿喧哗。
·No smoking, please. 请勿吸烟。
·—Excuse me, but could you find me a porter 对不起，您能帮我找个行李搬运工吗？/ Would you mind passing me the microphone 您介意把麦克风递给我一下吗？/ Can you help me to draw the plan 你能帮我起草这个计划吗？
—Certainly. 当然。/ Of course. 当然。/ Sorry, but I'm busy now. 对不起，我现在很忙。
·—Would you mind going to the movies this evening 今晚去看电影好吗？
—I'm sorry. But I haven't finished my homework yet. 对不起，我的作业还没有完成。
(2) 提供帮助和应答（offering help and responses）。
·—Is there anything I can do for you 我能帮你什么忙吗？/ Do you need any help 你需要帮忙吗？/ Can I help you 要我来帮你吗？/ Would you like me to help you with your lessons 想让我帮你做功课吗？/ Do you want me to help you 你想要我帮你吗？/ Would you like some tea 你想来些茶吗？
—Yes, please. 是的，请（干）吧。/ No, thanks. I can manage it myself. 不必了，谢谢。我自己能应付。/ That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself. Thank you all the same. 你真好，但我自己能应付。（尽管不需要你帮忙，但还是要谢谢你。）
·—Let me do it for you. 让我来替你做吧。
—Thanks. That would be nice. 谢谢，太好了。/ Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。/ That's very kind of you. 你真好。
·—Want a hand (to carry it) 要帮忙（拿）吗？
—That's a big help. Thanks a lot. 那真帮了大忙了，多谢。
·—What can I do for you 您需要点儿什么？
—I want to buy a T-shirt. 我想买一件T恤衫。
考点七 赞同与反对（expressing agreement and disagreement）
(1) 赞同（expressing agreement）。
·Certainly. /Sure. /Of course. 当然可以。
·No problem. 没问题。
·Yes, please. 是的，请（做）吧。
·Yes, I think so. 对，我认为是这样。
·That's true. 确实是这样。
·All right. /OK. 行，可以。
·That's a good idea. 是个好主意。
·I agree (with you). 我同意（你的意见）。
·I agree to your plan. 我同意你的计划。
·I agree to help you. 我答应帮你。
·I agree that this is a good plan. 我赞同，这是个好计划。
·Yes, just so. 是的,正是这样。
·If you say so. 如果你这么说的话，（那我也同意）。
·Yes. That's just what I was going to say. 对，那正是我想说的话。
·I guess so. 我猜是这样的。
·There's no doubt about it. 那是毫无疑问的。
(2) 反对（Expressing disagreement）。
·No. I don't think so. 不，我认为不是这样的。
·I'm afraid not. 恐怕不是的。
·I'm afraid I can't agree with you. 恐怕我不能同意你的看法。
·I really don't think so. 我真的认为不是这样的。
·I hope not. 我希望不是这样的。
·I don't think you are right there. 我认为在这点上你错了。
·I'm afraid you are mistaken there. 恐怕你在这点上弄错了。
考点八 接受与拒绝（accepting and rejecting）
(1) 接受（accepting）。
·Sure, why not 当然，为什么不呢？
·That would be lovely/great. Thank you/Thanks. 这太好了，谢谢。
·That's very kind of you. Thank you. 谢谢您的好意，谢谢。
(2) 拒绝（rejecting）。
·Another time perhaps I've got to dash. 还有一次吧？我得赶紧啦。
·Could we do it another time 我们能改天再做吗？
·That'd be great, thanks, but unfortunately I haven't got ready. 那简直太好了，谢谢，但是可惜我还没有准备好。
考点九 劝告与建议（giving advice and making suggestions）
·You'd better (not) go there. 你最好（别）去那儿。
·You should/ought to put on more clothes. 你应该多穿点衣服。
·You need (to buy) a new coat. 你需要（买）件新上衣。
·I suggest that he (should) start at once. 我建议他立刻出发。
·Shall we start at once 我们立刻出发吗？
·Let's go to school together. 咱们一起去上学吧。
·What(How) about a cup of tea 来杯茶怎么样？
·Why not try again 为什么不再试试？
·Why don't you try again 你为什么不再试试？
·Would you like to try 你想试一试吗？
·What do you say to have lunch 去吃午饭好吗？
·Suppose you ring me up. 你打电话给我，怎么样？
考点十 责备和抱怨 （blame and complaint）
·He is to blame. 他应受责备。
·She blamed the failure of their marriage on him. 她把他们婚姻的失败归咎于他。
·He shouldn't have done it. 他本不该做这事。(用虚拟语气)
·I'm sorry to have said that, but you were too careless. 很抱歉我讲了这些话，但你也太粗心了。
·Why can't you do something about it 你为什么不想点办法呢？
考点十一 打电话（making phone calls）
·Could/Can/May/Could I speak to … 我可以和……通电话吗？
·This is … speaking. 我是……
·Sorry. She is out. Can I take a message 对不起，她出去了，可以留言吗？
·I'm sorry. He is not here right now. 对不起，他现在不在。
·He can't come to the phone at the moment. 他现在接不了电话。
·I will call back later. 我一会儿再打过来。
·Who is calling/speaking/that, please 你是谁？
·Hold on a minute. /Hold the line, please. 请别挂电话/请稍等。
·May I leave a message 我可以留言吗？
·Could you take a message 你可以帮我留言吗？
·Hold the line, please. I will get a piece of paper. 先别挂电话，我去找张纸。
·I am afraid you have got the wrong number. 恐怕你打错电话了。
·You must have dialed the wrong number. 你肯定是打错电话了。
·You are wanted on the phone. 有人打电话找你。
·Could you ask him to call me back 你能让他给我回电话吗？
·Is Mike in/at home 迈克在家吗？
·Is that Mary /Is that Mary speaking 是玛丽吗？
考点十二 请求和应答（asking for permission and responses）
·—May/Can/Could I use your bike 我可以用你的自行车吗？/I wonder if I could use your bike 不知道我能否用你的自行车？
—Yes. /Sure. /Certainly. 可以。/当然可以。（I'm sorry, you can't. 抱歉，不行。/I'm sorry, but you can use my bike tomorrow. 抱歉，但明天你可以用我的自行车。）
·—Would/Do you mind if I open the window 如果我打开窗户，你是否介意？
—No. /Not at all. 不介意。（Yes. 介意。）
·Yes,(do) please. 可以，请（便）吧。
·Of course (you may). 当然（可以）。
·Go ahead, please. 用吧。
·That's OK. /All right. 那行。/可以。
·You'd better not. 你最好别这样。
·You can take that, if you like. 如果你想要的话,可以给你那个。
·Take it, by all means. 拿去吧，完全没有问题。
考点十三 禁止与提醒（prohibiting and reminding）
·You can't/mustn't do that. 你不可以那样做。
·If you are late again, you'll be punished. 如果你再迟到，你将受罚。
·You'd better not do it. 你最好别做这事。
·Don't smoke. 禁止吸烟。
·Don't be late. 别迟到。
·Don't forget to take a raincoat with you. 别忘了要随身带上雨衣。
·Make sure that everything is OK now. 确保现在一切顺利。
·Look out! 当心！
·Take care! 留神！保重！
·Be careful! 小心！
考点十四 问路与应答（asking the way and responding）
·—Excuse me. Can you tell me where is… 打扰一下，能告诉我……在哪儿吗？
—Go straight ahead. It's across from/next to… 直走，它正对着/紧挨着……
·—Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to… 打扰一下，能告诉我去……的路吗？
—Walk that way…is on Main Street. 这样走，……在主街上。
·—Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to… 打扰一下，你能告诉我怎样才能到……吗？
—Drive to…and turn…It's on the… 开车到……，向……转，它就在……
·—Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to… 打扰一下，你能告诉我怎样到……吗？
—Take the first turn on the left. = Turn left at the first turn. 在第一个路口向左转。
·—Excuse me, I'm looking for… 打扰一下，我在找……
—Go down/along this road/street… 沿着这条路……
·—Excuse me, is there a…nearby 打扰一下，附近有……吗？
—Sorry, I'm new here. = Sorry, I'm a stranger here. 不好意思，我对这儿不熟。
考点十五 情感表达（expressing feelings and emotions）
(1) 表示焦虑（expressing anxiety）。
·What's wrong 怎么啦？出什么毛病啦？
·What's the matter (with you) （你）怎么啦？
·Is there anything the matter 出毛病了吗？
·I'm worried about the baby. 我担心这个孩子。
·Oh, what shall we do 我们该怎么办？
·We were all anxious about her safety. 我们都为她的安全而担心。
(2) 表示惊奇（expressing surprise）。
·Really 真的？
·Oh dear! / Dear me! 呵！哎呀！
·Is that so 真是这样吗？
·Good heavens!/Heavens! 天哪！
(3) 表示喜悦（expressing pleasure）。
·I'm glad/pleased/happy to hear that. 听到那个（消息）我非常高兴。
·That's nice/wonderful/great！ 这真好/妙极了/了不起！
·Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 但愿明天转晴。
(4) 表达喜好和厌恶（expressing likes and dislikes）。
·I like/love English (very much). 我（非常）喜欢英语。
·I like/love singing. 我喜欢/热爱唱歌。
·I like/love to sleep late on Sundays. 星期天我喜欢睡懒觉。
·It's really wonderful. 真是太好了。
·I've enjoyed it so much. 我非常欣赏它。
·It's too lovely for words. 这太可爱了，无法用言语来形容。
·I don't like/hate that man. 我讨厌那个家伙。
·I don't like/hate to trouble you. 我不愿打扰你。
·I don't like asking for help. 我不愿求人帮助。
·I can't stand/bear that woman. 我受不了那个女人。
·He may be all right but I don't like him. 他也许不错，但是我不喜欢他。
(5) 表达偏爱（expressing preference）。
·She prefers to be alone. 她偏爱独处。
·I prefer walking alone. 我偏爱独自散步。
·I prefer fish to chicken. 我喜欢鱼肉胜过鸡肉。
·I prefer walking to cycling. 我喜欢步行胜于骑自行车。
·He would prefer them (not) to go there. 他宁愿他们（不要）去那儿。
·I would rather walk than take a bus. 我宁可走路，也不愿坐公共汽车。
考点十六 购物（shopping）
·How much does this cost 这个多少钱？
·I like this. 我喜欢这个。
·I would like to take this one. 我要买这个。
·Do you have any other colors 有没有别的颜色？
·May I try this on 我可以试穿这个吗？
·Can you cut me a deal 你可以算便宜一点吗？
·Can I pay by credit card 我可不可以用信用卡付账？
·Where can I change money 在哪里可以换钱？
·What time do you open/close 你们几点营业/打烊？
·I'm looking for a gift for my friend. 我要挑选一个礼物送给我朋友。
·Please wrap this for me. 请帮我把这个包起来。
·Thank you, but I'm just looking. 谢谢，可是我只是看看。
·You get what you pay for. 一分钱一分货。
·You got a good deal. 你买得真便宜。
·You've made a good choice. 你的眼力不错。

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