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Unit 8 重点单词、短语用法讲解
1. attack
attack v. 袭击；攻击
搭配：launch an attack（发动攻击）
under attack（受攻击）。
例句：The dog attacked the postman.（狗袭击了邮递员。）
His speech attacked the government's policies.（他的演讲抨击了政府政策。）
即时演练
(1) She heard a loud noise and quickly ran to a______ the thief.
2. faithful
faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的
词性转换：faithfully（adv. 忠诚地）
faithfulness（n. 忠诚）
faith （n. 信任；忠诚）
例句：She remained faithful to her husband for 30 years.（她对丈夫忠诚30年。）
即时演练
(2) The old dog remained f______ to its owner until the end.
(3) A dog is a __________ animal and it can be a good friend of humans.
A. faithful B. magic C. unlikely D. responsible
3. hold
hold v. 抱着；拿着
hold除“抱/拿”外，还可表示“举行（活动）”“容纳”“保持（状态）”。
【注意】过去式和过去分词形式：hold
例句：Hold my hand while we cross the street.（过马路时牵着我的手。）
We’ll hold a meeting tomorrow.（我们明天开会。）
The bottle holds 500ml of water.（这个瓶子装500毫升水。）
Hold your breath for 10 seconds.（屏住呼吸10秒。）
即时演练
(4) He h______ his little sister's hand while crossing the street.
4. responsible
responsible adj. 可信任的；可信赖的
词性转换：irresponsible（adj. 不负责任的）
responsibility （ n. 责任；负责）
搭配：be responsible for（对…负责）。
例句：He is responsible for the project’s success.（他对项目的成功负责。）
即时演练
(5) As a class monitor, she is very r______ for organizing activities.
5. awake
awake adj. 醒着
词性转换：wake（v. 唤醒）
woke （wake的过去式）； woken（wake的过去分词）
搭配：stay awake（保持清醒）
fall asleep（入睡）
例句：I was still awake at 2 a.m.（凌晨2点我还醒着。）
即时演练
(6) Though it was midnight, she was still a______ to study for the exam.
6. flat
flat n. 公寓
英式英语常用flat，美式英语多用 apartment。
例句：They rent a flat in central London.（他们在伦敦市中心租了一套公寓。）
7. choice
choice n. 选择
词性转换：choose （v. 选择）
核心搭配：make a choice（做选择）
have no choice（别无选择）
have no choice but to do（别无选择只能做…）
例句：You have two choices: leave or stay.（你有两个选择：离开或留下。）
即时演练
(7) There was no c______ but to cancel the trip due to bad weather.
8. advise
advise v. 劝告；建议
词性转换：advice（n. 建议）
adviser（n. 顾问）。
搭配：advise doing sth.（建议做某事）
advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）
例句：I advise taking a break.（我建议休息一下。）
即时演练
(8) My parents always a______ me to finish homework before playing games.
9. cause
cause v. 引起；造成；导致
搭配：cause sb. to do sth. （导致某人做某事）。
cause damage/trouble（造成损害/麻烦）。
例句：The storm caused power outages.（暴风雨导致停电。）
即时演练
(9) Careless driving c______ many traffic accidents every year.
plain
complain v. 抱怨；投诉
词性转换：complaint（n. 抱怨/投诉）。
搭配：complain about/of sth.（抱怨某事）
complain to sb. about sth.（向某人投诉某事）。
例句：She complained to the waiter about the cold food.（她向服务员抱怨食物凉了。）
即时演练
(10) She always c______ about the heavy homework.
(11) She __________ that the service in the hotel was too slow.
A. advised B. caused C. complained D. relieved
11. litter
litter 可以作动词，也可以作名词。
① n. 垃圾
例句：
Please don’t leave litter in the park.（请别在公园留垃圾。）
② v. 乱扔
例句：It’s illegal to litter.（乱扔垃圾是违法的。）
即时演练
(12) Please pick up the l______ you threw on the beach.
12. unlikely
unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的
词性转换：likely（adj. 可能的）
like（v. 喜欢 prep. 像）
搭配：be unlikely to do（不大可能做某事）。
例句：He’s unlikely to arrive on time.（他不大可能准时到。）
即时演练
(13) It's u______ that we'll see snow in this tropical country.
(14) It's __________ for him to come to the party because he is ill.
A. faithful B. responsible C. unlikely D. magical
13. relieve
relieve v. 方便；解手
relieve oneself 是“解手”的委婉表达。
词性转换： relief （n. 宽慰，轻松）
例句：This medicine will relieve your pain.（这药会缓解你的疼痛。）
He relieved himself behind a tree.（他在树后解手。）
即时演练
(15) Taking a deep breath can r______ your stress during exams.
14. indoors
indoors adv. 在室内
词性转换：indoor（adj. 室内的）
对应词：outdoors（adv. 在户外）
例句：It’s too cold to play outdoors—let’s stay indoors.（外面太冷，我们待在室内吧。）
即时演练
(16) They prefer to play i______ on rainy days.
15. magical
magical adj. 有魔力的
词性转换：magic（n. 魔法）
magician（n. 魔术师）
magically adv. 用魔法地；如魔法般地
例句：The magical forest was filled with talking animals.（魔法森林里有会说话的动物。）
即时演练
(17) The m______ performance made everyone believe in fairy tales.
16. wealth
wealth n. 钱财；财富
词性转换： wealthy adj. 富有的
搭配：a wealth of knowledge（丰富的知识）。
例句：He accumulated great wealth through business.（他通过经商积累了大量财富。）
即时演练
(18) The billionaire donated most of his w______ to charity.
17. queen
queen n. 女王；王后
相关词：king（n. 国王）
prince（n. 王子）
princess（n. 公主）。
例句：The queen gave a speech on Christmas.（女王在圣诞节发表了演讲。）
18. servant
servant n. 仆人；佣人
词性转换： service n. 服务
搭配：public servant（公务员）
domestic servant（家政人员）
例句：The public servants are committed to serving the people.（公务员致力于为人民服务。）
即时演练
(19) The s______ has served the family loyally for decades.
19. pride
pride n. 自豪；骄傲
词性转换：proud adj. 自豪的，得意的
搭配：take pride in（以…为傲）。
反义词：shame（n. 羞耻）。
例句：I take pride in my daughter’s achievements.（我为女儿的成就骄傲。）
即时演练
(20) She takes p______ in her daughter's piano recital.
20. among
among prep. 在……中
【注意】：among用于三者或以上的“在…中”，两者之间用 between。
例句：She is the tallest among the girls.（她是女孩中最高的。）
即时演练
(21) The little girl is sitting a______ her classmates, listening carefully.
21. relationship
relationship n. 关系
搭配：build/maintain a relationship（建立/维持关系）
interpersonal relationship（人际关系）。
例句：Their relationship has improved since the argument.（争吵后他们的关系改善了。）
即时演练
(22) The r______ between the two countries has improved recently.
22. grow up 长大；成熟
例句：I grew up in a small village.（我在一个小村庄长大。）
即时演练
(23) 她希望将来在大城市里长大，那里有很多机会。
She hopes to _________ _______ in a big city where there are many opportunities.
23. care for 照顾；照料；喜欢
care for指“照顾”，相当于take care of
例句：She cares for her elderly mother.（她照顾年迈的母亲。）
即时演练
(24) 我奶奶每天都会花时间照顾阳台上的花草。
My grandma spends time _________ _______ the flowers and plants on the balcony every day.
(25) You should __________ your pet well and make sure it is healthy.
A. hold B. care for C. grow up D. complain about
24. in short 总之；简言之
in short用于总结前文，相当于 in a word。
例句：He’s smart, kind, and hardworking—in short, he’s perfect.（他聪明、善良、努力——总之，他很完美。）
即时演练
(26) 总之,如果我们想实现目标,就得更加努力。
______ _________, we need to work harder if we want to achieve our goals.
25. have no choice but to do 别无选择；只能…
【注意】but 后接不定式（to do），注意无其他形式。
例句：I had no choice but to accept the offer.（我别无选择，只能接受这个提议。）
即时演练
(27) 我别无选择,只能接受他的提议,因为我确实需要这笔钱。
I ________ ______ __________ _______ ______ __________ his offer because I really need the money.
26. run free 四处自由走动
例句：The children were allowed to run free in the park.（孩子们可以在公园里自由奔跑。）
即时演练
(28) 周末时，孩子们喜欢在社区花园里四处自由走动，玩耍嬉戏。
On weekends, children love to _________ _______ in the community garden, playing and laughing.
27. lie around 懒散度日；游手好闲
例句：He lies around all day playing video games.（他整天闲着打游戏。）
即时演练
(29) 他不想整天懒散度日，所以决定找一份兼职工作来充实生活。
He doesn’t want to _________ _______ all day, so he decides to find a part-time job to enrich his life.
plain about 抱怨
同义短语：complain of（更正式）。
例句：They complained about the high prices.（他们抱怨物价高。）
即时演练
(30) 我的同桌总是抱怨数学题太难，但实际上他只是不够努力。
My deskmate always _________ _________ math problems being too difficult, but in fact he just doesn’t work hard enough.
29. in addition 除…以外（还）
in addition相当于 besides。
例句：The hotel is cheap; in addition, it’s near the beach.（这家酒店便宜，而且离海滩近。）
即时演练
(31) 她不仅会弹钢琴，除此之外，还能说一口流利的法语。
She can play the piano well. _________ _________, she can speak fluent French.
30. catch the eye of somebody 引起某人的注意
例句：The red dress in the window caught my eye.（橱窗里的红裙子吸引了我的注意。）
即时演练
(32) 橱窗里那条闪亮的粉色连衣裙立刻引起了莉莉注意。
The shiny pink dress in the window immediately _________ _________ _________ _________ Lily.
参考答案
(1) attack (2) faithful (3) A (4) held
(5) responsible (6) awake (7) choice (8) advise
(9) causes (10) complains (11) C (12) litter
(13) unlikely (14) C (15) relieve (16) indoors
(17) magical (18) wealth (19) servant (20) pride
(21) among (22) relationship (23) grow up (24) caring for
(25) B (26) In short (27) have no choice but to accept
(28)run free (29) lie around (30) complains about (31) In addition
(32) caught the eye of

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