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七年级下册Unit1 Animal Friends
重点词汇 Section A fox [f ks] n.狐狸 giraffe [d rɑ f] n.长颈鹿 eagle [ i ɡl] n.雕；鹰 wolf [w lf]（pl. [w lvz]）n.狼 penguin [ pe ɡw n] n.企鹅 care [ke (r)] n.照顾；护理；v.关心；在乎 take care of照顾；处理 sandwich [ s nw t ] n.三明治 snake [sne k] n.蛇 scary [ ske ri] adj.吓人的；恐怖的 neck [nek] n.脖子 guess [ɡes] v.猜测；估计 shark [ ɑ k] n.鲨鱼 whale [we l] n.鲸 huge [hju d ] adj.巨大的；极多的 dangerous [ de nd r s] adj. 危险的；有危害的 save [se v] v.救；储蓄；保存 Section B save [se v] v.救；储蓄；保存 luck [l k] n.幸运，运气 Thai [ta ] adj.泰国的；泰国人的；n.泰国人，泰语 trunk [tr k] n.象鼻 pick [p k] v.捡；摘 pick up拿起；举起 carry [ k ri] v.拿；提 playful [ ple fl] adj.爱嬉戏的；爱玩的 swimmer [ sw m (r)] n.游泳者 one another互相 look after [l k ɑ ft (r)] 照顾 culture [ k lt (r)] n.文化；文明 however [ha ev (r)] adv.然而；不过 danger [ de nd (r)] n.危险 in danger 处于危险之中 forest [ f r st] n.森林 cut down 砍伐；砍倒 too many太多 kill [k l] v.杀死；弄死 made of由……制成的 ivory [ a v ri] n.象牙 friendly [ frendli] adj.友好的 quite [kwa t] adv.相当；完全 quite a [kwa t ] 相当；非常 not…at all一点也不 fur [f (r)] n.（动物）厚软毛 blind [bla nd] adj.瞎的；失明的 hearing [ h r ] n.听力；听觉 Antarctica [ n tɑ kt k ] 南极洲 Africa [ fr k ] 非洲
重点短语 Section A learn about different animals 了解不同的动物 from..to…从…到… powerful lions and eagles 强大的的狮子和老鹰 take good care of 好好照顾 look like 看起来像 fly like other birds 像其他鸟那样飞 swim fast 游得快 stand close together紧紧站在一起 keep warm保暖 help sb do sth. 帮助某人做某事 give sb sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 be good for 对……有益 live in the sea生活在海里 Section B a symbol of ……的一种象征 good luck 好运 our national animal 我们的国兽。 on 13 March 在3月13日 look different from other animals 看起来与其他动物不同 large ears 大耳朵 long trunks 长鼻子 pick up 拿起 carry heavy things 搬运重物 in some ways 在某些方面 for example 例如 play in the water 在水里玩 great swimmers 游泳健将 places with food and water 带有食物和水源的地方 feel well 感觉舒服 look after 照顾 an important part of 重要的一部分 in danger 处于危险中； live in forests 生活在森林里 cut down trees 砍树 too many 太多 save the forests 保护森林 things made of ivory 象牙制品 stay safe 保持安全 Thai life and culture 泰国的生活与文化 after many years 多年后 kill…for 为……而杀 not…at all 一点也不；完全不
Section A, 1b and 1c
Teacher: Listen up, everyone! Now, we're at the zoo to learn about different animals, from funny pandas and penguins to powerful lions and eagles. What's your favourite animal Who likes the same animal Make a group. Go and learn about them! Come back before 12 o'clock. Now let's go!
Yaming: I like monkeys.
Emma: Me too! Why do you like them, Yaming
Yaming: Because they’re really clever and funny. What about you ,Chen Jie
Chen Jie: They’re my favourite too.
Yaming: Great! Let’s go and see them.
Chen Jie: Oh, look! A baby wolf and its mother! Do you like wolves, Emma
Emma: No, I don't. They're very dangerous.
Yaming: But I do. They're dangerous, but they take good care of their babies.
Emma: Look! The monkeys are over there.
Chen Jie: Wow! Aren't their faces interesting
Yaming: Yes. They look like us!
备注：加粗且加下划线的单词或词组精讲及习题在本单元词汇精讲讲义上。这里不再重复。
Now, we're at the zoo to learn about different animals, from funny pandas and penguins to powerful lions and eagles. 现在，我们在动物园里了解不同的动物，从憨态可掬的熊猫、企鹅到强大的的狮子和老鹰。
要点1 ：观察以下例句总结learn用法
Children can learn about the world through reading books.（孩子们可以通过读书了解世界。）
We should learn from Lei Feng and be ready to help others.（我们应该向雷锋学习，乐于助人。）
He learned from his mistakes and became more careful.（他从自己的错误中吸取教训，变得更加仔细了。）
We have to learn these poems by heart.（我们得把这些诗背下来。）
She is learning to play the guitar.（她正在学习弹吉他。）
观察可得：
要点2 ：powerful &power
/ pa (r)/ n. “力量；能力；权力；政权； 体力；精力；动力；电力” Knowledge is power.知识就是力量 The power of the wind can be used to generate electricity. 风的动力可用来发电。
/ pa fl/adj. “强大的；强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的” China is a powerful country in the world. 中国是世界上一个强大的国家。 He has a powerful voice. 他有一个洪亮的嗓音
即学即练：
Sandy reads a lot of books. She learns a lot ________them ________the world.
A．from; by B．by; about C．from; about
—Paul, could you please tell me how to learn English well —Well, you should learn enough words by heart and do enough reading. （选出划线部分的相似表达）
A．look up B．write C．remember
If you want to make friends ________the boy, you should learn something _______him.
A．about, with B．with, about C. with, from
________ the help of the teacher, he learns ________ baseball.
A．With; playing B．Under; to play C．With; to play
5. The tiger is strong and ________. It is the symbol of courage and ________.
A．powerful; power B．power; powerful C．powerful; powerful
They're dangerous, but they take good care of their babies.它们很危险，但它们会照料好自己的幼崽。
要点：take care of
观察例句 短语意思 必备短语
She takes care of her sick mother every day. 她每天照顾她生病的母亲。 take care of
My neighbor looks after my cat when I'm on vacation. 我度假时，我的邻居照顾我的猫。 look after
The nurses in the hospital carefully care for the patients. 医院里的护士细心地照顾病人。 We should care for each other's feelings.我们应该关心彼此的感受。 I don't care for this kind of music.我不喜欢这种音乐。 care for
即学即练：
The robots can ________ the people under the buildings and can also ________ the sick people.
A．look for; look at B．look out; look into C．look for; take care of D．look at; look after
Can you help me take care of the baby （改为同义句）Can you help me ________ ________ the baby
Section A, 1b and 1c
Teacher: Listen up, everyone! Now, we're at the zoo to different animals, from funny pandas and penguins to . What's animal Who likes the same animal Make a group. Go and learn about them! Come back before 12 o'clock. Now let's go!
Yaming: I like monkeys.
Emma: Me too! , Yaming
Yaming: Because they’re really clever and funny. What about you ,Chen Jie
Chen Jie: They’re my favourite too.
Yaming: Great! Let’s go and see them.
Chen Jie: Oh, look! A baby wolf and its mother! Do you like , Emma
Emma: No, I don't. They're very dangerous.
Yaming: But I do. They're , but they their babies.
Emma: Look! The monkeys are over there.
Chen Jie: Wow! Aren't their faces interesting
Yaming: Yes. They us!
SectionA,2a and 2d
Peter: The penguin is my favorite animal. What's your favorite animal, Fu Xing
Fu Xing: I like penguins too. Why do you like them so much
Peter: Because they're very cute!
Teng Fei: Yes, they look lovely. Let's go and see them.
Peter: Oh, there they are! They can't fly like other birds,
but they can swim fast. I like how they walk. It's funny!
Teng Fei: Yes, it is! Where are they from
Fu Xing: Look here! It says they're from Antarctica. It's very cold there, so they often stand close together.
It helps them keep warm.
Peter : They're so smart. What do they eat
Teng Fei: Fish and small sea animals, I think.
Fu Xing: I have a fish sandwich…
Tend Fei: Don't give them your sandwich! It's not good for them.
备注：加粗且加下划线的单词或词组精讲及习题在本单元词汇精讲讲义上。这里不再重复。
What's your favorite animal 你最喜欢的动物是什么？
要点: favorite
--What’s your favorite food = What food do you like best 你最喜欢什么食物？
---My favourite food is pizza. /Pizza is my favourite./Pizza.
观察例句可得：“ ”意为“你最喜欢的......是什么？”相当于“ ” 回答常用“Sb’s favourite...is...”或“...is sb’s favourite.”，也可直接用名词来回答。
favorite 形容词 “特别喜欢的”，前可用 或 来修饰； This is my favorite book. Tom's favorite color is blue.
名词 意为“最爱（的人或物）有单复数形式。 Apples are one of her favorites.
即学即练：
_______ favourite fruit is peach, and ________ is pear.
A．Amy; my B．Amy; mine C．Amy’s; mine D．Amy’s; my
Let's go and see them. 让我们去看他们吧。
要点：Let’s提建议用法
本句是一个祈使句，句式为“ ”意为“让我们……吧。”主要用来 , 劝对方一起做，包括听话者在内。它的否定式是“Let’s not do sth.”，意为“让我们不做某事”。
Let’s go to the park.（这句话是在提议说话者和听话者双方共同去公园。）
“Let’s” 和 “let us” 意思很相近，但也有一些细微的区别：
let us：意思是 “让我们”，可以包含听话者，也可能不包含。它强调说话者一方希望得到许可去做某事。
Let us play football, Mom.说话者希望妈妈允许自己和朋友们去踢足球，听话者不一定参与这个活动。
拓展：观察以下例句总结表示建议的句式
Why don’t you go swimming = Why not go swimming 为什么不去游泳呢？
Let’s buy a present for her. 让我们为她买件礼物吧。
How / What about listening to the music 听音乐怎么样？
观察可得：
即学即练：
—Mum, I want ________ with ducks and go boating. —OK. Let’s ________ to the park this afternoon.
A．play; go B．to play; go C．to play; to go D．play; to go
—Jason, let’s take a break and have a cup of tea in the tearoom.—______ We have been working for hours.
A．Pardon B．What for C．Why not D．How come
3. How about buying a radio for grandpa (改为同义句) ________ ________ buying a radio for grandpa
They can't fly like other birds, but they can swim fast.它们不能像其他鸟类那样飞翔，但它们能快速游泳。
要点：like用法
观察例句总结用法：
She likes reading in the park.（她喜欢在公园读书。）
He likes to play football this afternoon.（他想今天下午踢足球。）
It's like a dream.（这就像一场梦。）
The dog is more like him than her.（这只狗更像他而不是她。）
He runs like flying.（他跑起来像在飞一样。）
观察可得：
like “喜欢；喜爱” ________，这种结构表示喜欢做某事，强调习惯性、一般性的爱好。 ________，但它更侧重于特定的、具体的某一次行为。
“像；如同” like + ________，在句中作状语、表语等成分。
即学即练：
Tom, ________ his classmates, ________ playing football after school.
A．like; like B．likes; likes C．likes; like D．like; likes
Tom’s favourite subject is Chinese. He also ________ geography.
likes B．is like C．doesn’t like D．like
It's very cold there, so they often stand close together。那里非常冷，所以它们经常紧紧地站在一起。
要点：close用法
观察例句总结用法：
My house is close to the school.（我的家离学校很近。）
The project is close to completion.（这个项目快要完成了。）
We are close friends.（我们是亲密的朋友。）
He stood close to the wall.（他紧靠着墙站着。）
Please close the door.（请把门关上。）
The shop closes at 9 p.m.（商店晚上9点关门。）
观察可得：
即学即练：
Ailao Mountain is far________ my home, but my uncle’s home is close ________ it.
A．from; to B．from; from C．to; to D．to; from
—Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the Concert Hall
—Sure. Go down the street, and you’ll find it close to the Book City. (选出与划线部分意思相近的一项)
A．behind B．opposite C．near D．in front of
It helps them keep warm.这有助于它们保暖
结构剖析：这是一个简单句，句子的核心结构是“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的形式。
“keep warm”这个短语在句子中起到宾语补足语的作用。它用来补充说明宾语“them”的情况或状态。
要点：keep v. 保持
观察例句总结用法：
Keep calm when facing difficulties. 面对困难时保持冷静。
He kept working until midnight. 他一直工作到午夜。
，表示“保持某种状态”。 ,表示“持续做某事”
观察更多例句：
The good news keeps us happy. 这个好消息让我们保持开心。
She always keeps her room tidy. 她总是让她的房间保持整洁。
The mother keeps her baby close beside her.那位母亲让她的宝宝紧紧地待在她身边。
The teacher keeps the book on the desk. 老师把书保持放在桌子上。
Don't keep them waiting outside in the cold. 别让他们一直在寒冷的外面等着。
keep还可用于“keep＋名词／代词＋宾语补足语”结构，
宾语补足语为 ，意为“让…保持······”。
即学即练：
Keeping the room ________ can help us find things easily.
A．tidy B．large C．different
Doing some exercise every day will keep you _______.
A．healthy B．healthily C．health
If you keep 　　　　, you can finish it at six.
A．work B．to work C．working
It's not good for them.
要点：辨析be good at，be good for，be good to与be good with
意为“对……有益”，for 为介词，反义词组为 。 Eating fruits is good for your health. Too much sugar is bad for your teeth. 太多糖对你的牙齿有害。
“和……相处得好：善于应付……” She is good with children and wants to be a kindergarten teacher.
意为“擅长于；在某方面做得好”， at 为介词，相当于 ， 反义词组为 / 。 She is good at dancing. He is good at math.=He does well in math. She is weak in history.（ I am poor at singing.（我不擅长唱歌。）
意为“对……友好”， 相当于 / 。 She is always good to her classmates. We should be good to animals.
即学即练：
1. We’d better not read in the sun. It ________ our eyes.
A．is bad for B．is bad at C．is good for D．is good at
2. Julie is good at ________, so we want her ________ a song for us.
A．singing; to sing B．sings; singing C．sings; to sing D．singing; singing
3. 她对每个人都很友好。
4. 这个老师善于和学生相处。
SectionA,2a and 2d
Peter: The penguin is my favorite animal. What's animal, Fu Xing
Fu Xing: I like penguins too. so much
Peter: Because they're very cute!
Teng Fei: Yes, they look lovely. Let's .
Peter: Oh, there they are! They can't other birds,
but they can swim fast. I like how they walk. It's funny!
Teng Fei: Yes, it is! Where
Fu Xing: Look here! It says they're from . It's very cold there, so they often together.
It helps them .
Peter : They're so smart. What do they eat
Teng Fei: Fish and small sea animals, I think.
Fu Xing: I have a …
Tend Fei: Don't give them your sandwich! It's not them.
单元语音学习
字母a,以及字母组合ai; ay; al; aw的发音。
a [ei] name make cake (字母 a 在重读开音节中发 /e /)
[ ] apple map at (字母 a 在重读闭音节中发 / / )
[ ] what watch want (在 w，wh 后：读 / /)
[a:] class ask grasp (在 ss，sk，sp，st，f ,s,th前：发 /a:/)
ai [ei] wait plain train
al [ :] wall tall ball
ay [ei] day Monday play
aw [ :] draw saw straw
大多助动词、系动词、介词、连词、冠词、代词，都有两种发音形式：强读式、弱读式。
弱读与强读的区别
如果一个单词被强读 ，那么这个单词中的：
长元音会被读的很清楚，并且显得更长一些； 双元音会被读的很饱满，并且显得很有弹性；
落在重音上的短元音都会显得更长一些； 重音所在的音节可能带着不同的语调（升调、降调、降升调）……
如果一个单词被弱读，那么这个单词中的：
长元音会变得短一些（几乎与短元音的长度相当）；重音音节会变得与非重音音阶一样轻；很多元音都会发生变化，向/ /靠拢； 轻辅音/s/、/t/、/k/、/f/之后的元音/ /可能会直接被省略掉……
弱读的形式
1.大多数有弱读形式的单词中，元音都变成了 ；
at / t/ ; as / z/; had / h d/；must /m st/
2．有少数几个单词的弱读形式变成了 ；
be /i/； been /bin/； me /mi/； the / i/
3.有时，一些常用词的弱读形式中省略了一个元音。
am /m/； has/z/； have /v/； is / z /
4. 有时，一些常用的弱读形式中省略了一个辅音。
and / n/； have / v/； would / d/； her / :/
要在连贯说话中应用弱读形式，不是懂得了道理就能学会的，也不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，需要通过大量的模仿和练习才能学好。
即学即练：
late、fall 、date、hat、map、rain、cat、train、day、say、wall、cake、play、watch、
saw、talk、chalk、what、class、draw、glass、grass、want、pain、tall 、walk、law
把划线部分读音进行分类：
[ei]
[ ]
[ ]
[a:]
[ :]
朗读下列句子，注意弱读
I want to come but I can't.
He's rich and famous.
Better than that.
There are some copies here.
I've met her mother.
I haven't seen them yet.
He comes from England.
I'd love a cup of tea.
I'd like an apple.
That's the one.
名词思维导图
名词的分类
分类 说明 例句
普通名词 可数名词 个体名词 表示人或事物的个体名称 city城市，panda熊猫，chair椅子， hospital医院，nurse护士
集体名词 表示一群人或一些事物的总称 public公众，people人们，class班级， family家庭，police警察
不可数名词 物质名词 表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名称 rice大米，snow雪，steel钢铁，cotton棉花， corn玉米，air空气
抽象名词 表示行为、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词 courage勇气，determination决心，satisfaction满意，happiness幸福，success成功，love热爱
专有名词 表示人名、地名、国名 London伦敦，Tom汤姆，the Great Wall长城，Asia亚洲
表示书名、电影名、 各种标语 Spider Man 《蜘蛛侠》
表示机构、组织、团体 UNESCO联合国教科文组织 Beijing University北京大学
表示月份、星期、节日 Monday星期一，National day国庆节
二、名词的数
（1)规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：
构成方式 例词
一般在词尾加－s desk→desks 书桌mile→ 英里
以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加－es brush→ 刷子watch→ 手表
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，把y变为i,再加－es factory→factories 工厂
以f或fe结尾的词，一般把f或fe改为v, 再加－es wolf→ 狼wife→wives 妻子 叶(leaf)半数(half)自己黄,妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮,架(shelf)后窜出一只狼(wolf),就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)忙。
以o结尾 有生命的加－es potato→potatoes 土豆tomato→tomatoes 西红柿 “英雄”爱吃“土豆”和“西红柿”,剩下“零”也不出错。 hero / heroes zero / zeros或zeroes　
无生命的加－s radio→radios 收音机piano→pianos 钢琴photo→photos 照片
（2)可数名词复数的不规则变化
单复数同形 sheep, Chinese, Japanese, deer, fish
把a改为e man→men, woman→women, policeman→policemen, Englishman→ , Frenchman→
oo变ee tooth→ , foot→ , goose→
词尾加-ren child→
只有复数 trousers, clothes, pants, scissors
（3)名词变复数时的其他情形：“某国人”的复数变化：
Chinese-Chinese 中国人 Japanese-Japanese 日本人
American- 美国人 Australian-Australians 澳大利亚人
German- 德国人 Englishman-Englishmen英国人
Frenchman-Frenchmen法国人
【巧学妙记】中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。
【提醒】①fish表示鱼的种类时复数形式是 fishes,表示条数而不强调种类时，单复数同形用fish.
There are many kinds of fishes in this river.这条河中有很多不同种类的鱼。
I caught five fish today.我今天捉了5条鱼。
②有一些名词是成双、成对出现的，这些名词常用pair来修饰。
a pair of glasses一副眼镜 a pair of trousers 一条裤子 一双鞋
a pair of gloves一副手套 a pair of shorts一条短裤
2.不可数名词：一般情况下不可数名词没有复数形式，如果想表示数量时，我们可以用名词单位词来表示，常用的单位词有：piece, bit, bottle, cup, glass等。
a piece of advice一条建议 a bit of bread一点面包 一瓶水
一杯咖啡 一杯牛奶
3.易混易错：
man和woman作定语时,修饰单数名词用单数,修饰复数名词用复数,如a man teacher、two women doctors
注意:有些名词如maths、physics、politics,虽以s结尾,但不是复数形式。
即学即练
根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Johnny is so hungry that he can eat up all the 　 　 (bread).
2.This morning market sells different kinds of fresh 　 　 (fish).
3. How amazing! The little cat caught two 　 　(mouse) last night.
4.The little boy has to peel three baskets of 　 　 (potato) before lunch.
5.Jack spent about two hours sweeping the 　 　(leaf) in the back garden.
6.It's about twenty 　 　(minute) drive from my house to the park.
7.There are few spelling and grammar 　 　 (mistake) in Lily's homework.
8.The old man likes reading books very much. He owns two private 　 　 (library).
9.There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are 　 　 (man) teachers.
10.My legs are thin and my 　 　(foot) are small.
11.Different people have different 　 　 (hobby).
12.You can look for 　 　 (information) about the park on the Internet.
13.She bought a pair of 　 　 (glove).
14.—Are those 　 　(sheep) —No, they aren't. They're 　 　 (cow).
15. Those are 　 　(woman) scientists and we are proud of them.
二、单项选择。
1. How many ________ are there in the international village
A. Chinese B. American C. Russian D. Australian
2. ----Can I help you ----I’d like _______ for my twin daughters.
A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes
3. ----I’ve got a little _______ in my house. ----Why not keep two or more
A. juice B. mice C. bread D. fish
4. All the _______ teachers and _______ students are having a meeting there.
A. women, girl B. women, girls C. woman, girls D. woman, girl
5. There are _______ on the plate.
A. a piece of bread B. two pieces of breads C. three pieces of bread D. four piece of bread
6. There are a lot of _______ down there, but hardly any _______.
A. sheep, people B. sheep, peoples C. sheeps, peoples D. sheeps, people
7. Some _______ and _______ will come to visit our school next month.
A. Germans, Englishmans B. Germen, Englishmen C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishman
8. Beijing is one of the most beautiful _______ in China.
A. city B. citys C. cityes D. cities
9. We should brush our _______ every day.
A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths
10. All the _______ are made of ______, not metal.
A. glass, glass B. glasses, glasses C. glasses, glass D. glass, glasses
11. You need to take more _______. Doing morning _______ every day is good for our health. He _______ every day.
A. exercise, exercise, exercise B. exercises, exercises, exercises
C. exercises, exercise, exercise D. exercise, exercises, exercises
12. ----Would you like some ______ ----No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all.
A. bread B. water C. cake D. tomato
13. We have bought two _______ for the coming party.
A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple
14. These Germans want to have some _______ for supper, so they decide to catch _______ now.
A. fish, many B. fishes, much C. fish, much D. fishes, many
15. A pair of shoes________ under the bed.
A. are B. is C. am D. /
二、形容词
形容词的用法: 形容词修饰名词，用以说明事物或人的性质或特征。形容词是英语中最常用的词性之一，它通常在句中作定语、表语等。
句子成分 说明 示例
定语 修饰名词或代词one/ones位于名词或代词之前 当修饰不定代词时，常置于所修饰的不定代词 (something/anything/nothing/someone等)之后 What a fine day ! I want some large ones. I have something important to tell you.
表语 置于be动词/感官动词（is/look/sound等）之后，构成“主语+连系动词+表语”结构，说明主语的性质或特征，可以被very, too等修饰 The film is very interesting. I like it. 主语 系动词 表语 The question is too difficult.
宾语补足语 说明宾语的状态、特征等 We should keep our classroom clean. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 (主谓宾宾补结构 S+V+O+OC)
小贴士：
表示一类人或物，作主语或宾语。
The rich should help the poor.（富人应该帮助穷人。）
We should show our respect to the old.（我们应该向老年人表示我们的尊重。）
多个形容词修饰一个名词，先后顺序（美小圆旧黄中国木书房）
限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠
其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各
类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等。
a beautiful little red flower 一朵美丽的小花。
三、 why、what、where 引导的特殊疑问句
1.概念：用疑问词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句。(回答特殊疑问句不能用Yes或No)
2.结构：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语？/ 疑问词 + do/does + 主语+动词原形？
疑问词why, where与what的用法
⑴why疑问副词，意为“为什么”，由why引导的特殊疑问句多用来询问原因，用because来回答。Why和because不能出现在同一个句子中。
⑵where疑问副词，意为“在哪里”，通常询问地点。
⑶what 疑问代词，意为“什么”，通常用来询问姓名、物品、数字运算结果、时间或做什么事等。
※疑问副词why还可以用于向别人提出建议，句型为“Why don’t you+动词原形+其他？”或者 “Why not+动词原形+其他？”，意为“为什么不……呢？”。
--Why do you like pandas 你为什么喜欢熊猫 -Because they’re kind of interesting. 因为它们有点有趣。
Why don’t you like lions 你为什么不喜欢狮子？
Where are you from 你来自哪里
What can he do 他能做什么？
即学即练：
_________ do you like dogs — Because they’re very friendly.
A．What B．How C．Why D．Where
—________does your father do — He is a bus driver.
A．Where B．Why C．What D．How
3. —　　　does Mary go to the library —To study for a test.
A．Where B．What C．Why D．How
4. — ______ did you do last night — I stayed up late to watch the soccer game.
A．What B．Where C．How D．Why
5.—_________ does he think of his visit to English —He thinks it’s wonderful.
A．How B．What C．Why D．Where
6.—________ are the keys —They’re under the table.
A．What B．Why C．Where D．How
就划线部分提问
She is a nurse .__________________________________________________
She is my teacher.________________________________________________
I get up at six .___________________________________________________
I am from Hubei ._________________________________________________
I went to school late because I got up late._ ____________________________
6. I like apple best.____________________________________________________
Section B
1. They are also a symbol of good luck here.
要点1：a symbol of
The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
必备搭配：某物的象征 .
要点2：luck
观察单词前缀后缀
Good luck to you in the exam.（祝你考试好运。）
He had the luck to find a good job.（他有幸找到了一份好工作。）
即学即练
The elephant is ________ Thailand’s ________.
A．one; symbols B．one of; symbols C．of one; symbols D．one; symbols of
James was not _______ to pass the exam. He failed in the test.
A．enough lucky B．so luckily C．luckily enough D．lucky enough
We worried it would rain. But ________ it didn’t. We were so ________.
A．lucky; luck B．luckily; lucky C．luckily; luck D．lucky; unlucky
How ________ he was! He fell off his bike last week, and he was badly hurt.
lucky B．unlucky C．careful D．excited
Elephants are like us in some ways.大象在某些方面和我们很像。
要点：in some ways 译为：
Computers are better than humans in some ways.（电脑在某些方面比人类更好。）
In some ways, modern technology has made our lives easier, but it also brings new problems.
在某种程度上，现代科技让我们的生活更轻松了，但它也带来了新问题。
拓展：更多带“way”的固定短语：
短语 意义及用法 例句
一路上；自始至终；完全地。 She supported me all the way. 她自始至终都支持我。
“在去...的路上”，也构成短语 I bought a book on the way home.
“顺便说或问一下”，常用作插入语 By the way, have you seen Tom recently 顺便问一下，你最近见过汤姆吗？
“挡路；妨碍” The box is in the way. Please move it. 这个箱子挡路了。请把它移开。
“以这种方式”，作状语 You can learn English well in this way.
即学即练
—_________, she is a good teacher but not a good mother.
—Yes, I agree with you. She spends too much time working at school every day.
A．Under the way B．In the way C．In some ways D．On the way
There were some big stones _______ my way _________ my way home yesterday.
A．in; on B．on; in C．in; by D．at; by
---Would you like a cup of coffee ---Yes, please. ______, could you put some milk in it
A．By the way B．On the way C．In the way D．In some ways
For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years.
例如，多年之后它们它们仍能记得彼此以及有食物和水源的地方。
要点1：remember 动词，意为“记住；记起”。反义词是 。
Please remember the new words. 请记住这些生词。
观察例句辨析易混短语
“记得做某事”此事目前 Remember to close the window before you leave.（离开前记得关窗户。）
“记得做过某事”此事目前 I remember meeting her at a party last year. （我记得去年在一个聚会上见过她。）
要点2：places with food and water
“places with food and water” 是一个名词短语，“with food and water”是一个介词短语，作后置定语用来修饰“places”，对“places”进行进一步的限定和说明。
with：是介词，在这里表示 “具有；带有” 的意思。
拓展：观察例句总结“with”的常见含义
即学即练：
—Please remember ________ me the weather report(报告) for tomorrow.—No problem.
A．telling B．tell C．to tell
—You forgot ________ off the light. It’s still on. —But I remember ________ it off before I went out of the room.
A．turning; to turn B．to turn; turning C．turning; turning
Fuzhou is a great city _________ nice dishes in China. We can have many delicious (可口的) food there.
A．in B.for C．with
They look after other elephants when they don’t feel well. 当其他大象感觉不舒服时，它们会照顾那些大象。
要点1：when引导时间状语从句
句子结构分析：这是一个主从复合句，由一个主句“They look after other elephants”和一个时间状语从句“when they don’t feel well”组成。
引导词： ，是一个从属连词，用于引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生的时间条件，即“照顾其他大象”这个动作是在“其他大象感觉不舒服”这个时间条件下发生的。
I always drink a glass of water when I get up in the morning.（我每天早上起床的时候总会喝一杯水。）
She cried when she heard the sad news.（当她听到那个悲伤的消息时，她哭了。）
要点2：feel well
“well”，在这里是形容词，作表语，用于描述主语“they”（即其他大象）的身体状况，意思是“健康的；舒服的”，“ ”表示“感觉不舒服”。
辨析well &good
well作 ，意为“好地；令人满意地”，修饰动词，表示某一动作做得好。
She sings well.（她唱歌唱得好。） He plays basketball well.（他篮球打得好。）
well作 ，意为“健康的；舒服的，身体好”。
—How are you —I'm very well.（—你怎么样？—我很好）
well作 ，意为“嗯；好吧”，无实在意义。
Well, I don't know what to say.（嗯，我不知道说什么好。）
good 为 可以表示各种品质方面的优异，修饰名词作定语，或者在句中作表语。
She is a good student.（她是一个好学生。） The food is very good.（这食物很好。）
即学即练
Sarah is a ________ singer and she can sing ________.
A．well; good B．good; well C．well; well D．good; good
太阳升起的时候，鸟儿们开始歌唱。
Elephants are an important part of Thai life and culture . 大象是泰国生活与文化的一个重要部分。
要点：an important part of
观察例句完成part思维导图：
即学即练：
His experience is very interesting. He ________ the army when he was only sixteen and ________ the last Olympic Games.
A．joined; joined in B．joined; took part in C．joined; joined
I think everyone should _________ a part in making Chinese Dream come true.
A．work B．take C．play
is left for you in the fridge.（蛋糕的一部分留在冰箱里给你了。）
Every elephant counts.每一头大象都很重要。
要点：count
Can you count from one to ten 你能从一数到十吗？（表示数数的基本动作）
Every vote counts in an election. 在选举中每一张选票都很重要。（表示有价值）
The count of the books in the library is huge. 图书馆里书的数量很大。
count/ ka nt / v.（按顺序）数数；计数，重要 n. 计数；总数
即学即练
to make others feel better. 一个微笑对让他人感觉好些很重要。
The little girl is in the basket.小女孩正在学习数篮子里的苹果。
Section B
本单元的话题是“动物”，常对动物的外形、性格特征、能力及喜欢这一动物的原因等进行描述。写作时首先点明自己喜爱的动物，然后阐述自己喜爱的原因，并描述动物的基本情况或特征。最后回归主题，表达对动物的喜爱之情，或号召爱护动物、与动物和谐相处等。
Writing Task: Introduce your favorite animals
列提纲：
连句成篇：七年级下册Unit 2 No Rules, No Order
重点词汇 Section A rule [ru l] n.规则；规章 order [ d (r)] n.秩序；v.点菜 follow [ f l ] v.遵循；跟随 be late (for)迟到 arrive [ ra v] v.到达 on time 准时 hallway [ h lwe ] n.走廊 uniform [ ju n f m] n.校服；制服 litter [ l t (r)] v.乱扔；n.垃圾 polite [p la t] adj.有礼貌的 treat [tri t] v.对待；招待；治疗 respect [r spekt] n.&v.尊敬 if [ f] conj.如果 jacket [ d k t] n.夹克衫；短上衣 have to [ h v t ] 不得不 everything [ evriθ ] pron.每件事 lend [lend] v.借给；借出 sweet [swi t] n.糖果；adj.甜的 snack [sn k] n.点心；小吃 of course [ v k s] 当然 mobile [ m ba l] adj.可移动的 mobile phone手机 turn off [t n f] 关掉(水、电或煤气) queue [kju ] n.队；行列 jump the queue [kju ] 插队 wait for [we t f (r)] 等待 just [d st] adv.只是；正好 leave [li v] v.离开；留下 absent [ bs nt] adj.缺席的；不在的 be absent from缺席；不在 shh [ ] interj.嘘(用以让别人安静下来) quietly [ kwa tli] adv.轻声地；安静地 belt [belt] n.安全带；腰带；皮带 feed [fi d] v.喂养；饲养 noise [n z] n.声音；噪声 Section B unhappy [ n h pi] adj.不快乐的 Dr(= doctor) [ d kt (r)] n.博士；医生 make sb's/the bed 整理床铺；铺床 either [ a (r); i (r)] adv.也(用于否定词组后) practise [ pr kt s] v.训练；练习 hang [h ] v.悬挂 hang out [h a t] 闲逛；常去某处 weekday [ wi kde ] n.工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天) awful [ fl] adj.糟糕的 become [b k m] v.成为 better [ bet (r)] adj.较好；adv.较好地 person [ p sn] n.人 focus [ f k s] v.集中(注意力、精力等)；n.焦点 focus on [ f k s ] 集中(注意力、精力等)于 build [b ld] v.创建；建造 spirit [ sp r t] n.精神；情绪 think about [θ k ba t] 思考 relax [r l ks] v.放松；休息 advice [ d va s] n.建议；意见 understand [ nd st nd] v.理解；领会 untidy [ n ta di] adj.不整洁的
词汇变形 Section A rule n.规则；规章v.统治→ （n.）尺子;统治者 follow (v.) 遵循、跟随→ (adj.)接下来的→ （n.）跟随者 polite (adj) 有礼貌的→(反义词) (adj.)不礼貌的→ (adv.) 有礼貌地 → (adv. )不有礼貌地 treat (v.) 对待；招待；治疗→ (n.) 治疗；疗法 lend (v.) 借给；借出→ 过去式 leave (v.) 离开；留下→过去式： absent (adj.) 缺席的、不在的→(n.) 缺席 quietly (adv.) 轻声地、安静地→ (adj.) 安静的 feed (v. )喂养；饲养→ 过去式 noise (n.) 声音、噪声→ (adj.) 吵闹的 Section B unhappy (adj.) 不快乐的→ 反义词 快乐的、幸福的→ (adv.) 不快乐地；不幸地→ (adv.) 快乐地；幸福地；→ (n.) 幸福；快乐；→ ( n.) 不快乐；不幸 ； practise (v.) 训练、练习→(n.) 练习 hang (v.)悬挂→过去式 weekday (n.) 工作日→ (对应词) 周末 become (v.) 成为→过去式 better (adj./adv.比较级) 较好的/地→ (原级) 好的/地 build (v.) 建造 →过去式 →(n.) （建筑物） relax (v.) 放松→ (adj.) 感到放松的--修饰人→ (adj.) 令人放松的--修饰物 advice (n.) 建议→ (v.) 建议 understand (v.) 理解；领会→过去式 → （adj）善解人意的 untidy (adj.) 不整洁的→ (反义词) 整洁的 helpful (adj.) 有帮助的→ (v./n.) 帮助→ (adj.) （无助的）
重点短语 Section A follow the rules / keep the rules遵守规则 arrive on time 准时到达 be late for school上学迟到 use your phone 使用你的电话 wear the school uniform 穿校服 put up your hand/ raise your hand 举手 treat everyone with respect尊重每一个人 keep your school clean and tidy 保持学校干净整洁 ask a question 问问题 lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物 answer one’s phone 回电话 bring..to 把……带来 turn them off 关掉它们 have to 不得不 make sure to do sth. 确保做某事 thanks…for 为……而感谢 have fun 玩的开心 most importantly 最重要的是 in the hallways 在走廊里 in class 在课堂上 across the country 全国各地 from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五 of course 当然可以 mobile phone手机 jump the queue 插队 wait for 等待 be absent from 缺席;不在 talk quietly 小声说话 put on your seat belt 系好安全带 keep quiet 保持安静 make noise 制造噪音 Section B make the bed 铺床 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 focus on 集中（注意力；精力等）于 think about 思考；考虑 hurry to school 匆匆去学校 practice the piano 练习钢琴 hang out with my friends和朋友们闲逛 become a better person 成为一个更好的人 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 show respect for 表示尊重 build school spirit 建设校风 need to do sth. 需要做某事 in life 在生活中 on weekdays 在平日 too many 太多 before breakfast早饭前 focus on learning集中精神学习 make the world better让世界更好 at weekends 在周末 walk the dog 遛狗 do lots of other things做许多其他的事情 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 write a reply to Eric 给Eric写封回信 give some advice 给一些建议 learn better 学得更好 get along well with others 和别人相处融洽 take care of 照顾 fight with 和……打架 ask for help 寻求帮助 be kind to sb. 善待某人 school rules 校规 home rules 家规 make class rules 制定班规
Section A, 1b, 1c and 1d
Ms Brown: Mary, slow down! Don't run in the hallway, please.
Mary: I'm sorry! I don't want to be late.
Ms Brown: Sally, you know the rules. You can only wear the uniform
in school. You can't wear that jacket here.
Sally: Sorry, Ms Brown.
Ms Brown: Why is there a bottle here
Tony : Oh! Sorry, Ms Brown. Sorry.
Ms Brown: Tony, you know you mustn't litter. We have to keep the school clean and tidy.
Tony: Yes, Ms Brown.
Ms Brown: Good morning, students. This morning I had to tell some students to follow the school rules.
Please remember them, everyone! Walk in the hallway. Don't run! You have to wear the uniform.
You mustn't wear other clothes to school instead. Don't litter. Make sure to keep the school tidy.
And most importantly ,we must be polite and treat everyone with respect. If we follow these rules,
we can have a happy and safe school !
备注：加粗且加下划线的单词或词组精讲及习题在本单元词汇精讲讲义上。这里不再重复。
You mustn't wear other clothes to school instead. 你不许穿别的衣服去上学。
要点1 ：mustn’t
是“must”的否定形式，意为“ ”，这里表示一种规定，不允许/禁止做某事。
You mustn't play with fire. It's very dangerous.（你禁止玩火。那很危险。）
Students mustn't cheat in the exam.（学生们不许在考试中作弊。）
要点2 ：wear other clothes
“wear other clothes”表示“穿别的衣服”，“other”常用来修饰 ，表示“其他的，另外的”。
“clothes” 是名词，意思是 “衣服；衣物”，总是以复数形式出现。
Her clothes are always fashionable.（她的衣服总是很时髦。）
观察例句：完成以下辨析。
短语 含义 用法
表示穿着、戴着的状态，宾语可以是衣服、帽子、眼镜、等各种服饰类物品。 He always wears a pair of glasses. 他总是戴着一副眼镜。
强调穿的动作，即把衣服等穿上身体的过程。 反义： （脱下） Put on your sweater before you go out. （出去之前穿上你的毛衣。）
后面接颜色或服装类别，表示穿着某种颜色的衣服或某种类型的服饰，着重于整体穿着的状态。in+颜色 The man in black is my teacher. 那个穿黑色衣服的男人是我的老师。
作及物动词时，“给……穿衣”： 宾语通常是人。 作不及物动词时，意为“穿衣”： 后面不接宾语。 She is dressing her little daughter. （她正在给她的小女儿穿衣服。） She dresses quickly every morning. I got dressed and went to school.
即学即练
You in the library.（你不许在图书馆大声喧哗。）
The girl is my sister.（穿红色衣服的女孩是我的姐姐。）
Mother every morning.（妈妈每天早上给宝宝穿衣服。）
She a beautiful necklace.（她戴着一条漂亮的项链。）
your coat, it's cold outside.（穿上你的外套，外面很冷。）
要点3：辨析instead& instead of
观察例句：完成以下辨析。
短语 用法 观察例句
是副词，意思是“代替；反而；却”，在句中一般作状语。它强调用一种事物代替另一种事物，或者表示一种与预期情况相反的情况。 He was ill, so I went instead. （他病了，所以我代替他去了。）
是短语介词，意思是“代替；而不是”，后面常接名词、代词、动名词等。它更侧重于比较两种事物，表明在两者之间进行选择，选择前者而不是后者。 I'll have tea instead of coffee. （我要喝茶而不是咖啡。）
即学即练
She didn't answer me. , she turned around and left.（她没有回答我。反而，她转身离开了。）
She went to the park staying at home.（她去了公园而不是待在家里。）
Make sure to keep the school tidy. 确保保持学校整洁
要点1 ：make sure
观察例句：完成以下表格。
sure adj. 肯定的:无疑的; 对……有把握，确信。后面通常接名词、代词或动名词。 Are you sure about the answer （你对这个答案有把握吗？）
一定（会）做某事， He is sure to win the game. 他一定会赢得比赛。
肯定地，确切地，毫无疑问地，在句中常作状语，用来加强语气。 He'll come for sure. 他肯定会来的。
“确定；确保；核实” Can you make sure that the lights are turned off 你能确保灯关了吗？
即学即练
We have a good time at the party.（我们在派对上一定会玩得很开心。）
The teacher every student understood the question.（老师确保每个学生都理解了这个问题。）
He his answer.（他对自己的答案很有把握。）
I don't know the exact time, but it'll be after 5 o'clock .
我不知道确切的时间，但肯定是五点以后。
要点2 ：tidy
观察例句：完成以下表格。
tidy 形容词 adj. “整洁的；井井有条的” 反义词 不整洁的；乱的 She always keeps her room tidy. 她总是把她的房间保持得很整洁。
动词v. “整理；清洁” 常见搭配： 整理 She tidied the bookshelf. Please tidy up your desk. 请整理你的书桌。
趁热打铁：
The has her hair neatly combed.（这个爱整洁的小女孩把头发梳得整整齐齐。）
I have to before the guests arrive.（在客人到来之前我得整理一下客厅。）
Let's after cooking.（做完饭之后让我们把厨房整理一下。）
If we follow these rules, we can have a happy and safe school ! 如果我们遵守这些规则，我们可以有一个快乐和安全的学校！
要点1 ：if
该句中的if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“ ”原则。
当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时，从句通常用一般现在时。
If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman.（如果明天下雪，我们就堆雪人。）
If you see him, tell him to call me.（如果你看到他，告诉他给我打电话。）
If you are free, you can come to my house.（如果你有空，你可以来我家。）
if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态 而定。
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们将待在家里。）
I don't know if he will come.（我不知道他是否会来。）
即学即练
I wonder if he ________ abroad. If he ________ please tell me.
A．will go, do B．go, will do C．will go, does
—Jeff, could you tell me if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________ tomorrow, I will stay at home.
—It’s reported that it will be sunny, let’s go camping on the Fenghuang mountain.
A．rains; will rain B．rains; rains C．will rain; rains
要点2 ：safe&safely&safety
观察例句完成导图：
即学即练：
It's a place to live.（这是一个安全的居住地。）
He drove the car through the heavy rain.（他在大雨中安全地驾驶汽车。）
We should pay attention to traffic .（我们应该注意交通安全。）
Section A, 1b, 1c and 1d
Ms Brown: Mary, slow down! Don't run , please.
Mary: I'm sorry! I don't want .
Ms Brown: Sally, you know the . You can only
in school. You can't wear that here.
Sally: Sorry, Ms Brown.
Ms Brown: Why is there a bottle here
Tony : Oh! Sorry, Ms Brown. Sorry.
Ms Brown: Tony, you know you mustn't . We have to the school clean and tidy.
Tony: Yes, Ms Brown.
Ms Brown: Good morning, students. This morning I had to tell some students to .
Please remember them, everyone! Walk in the hallway. Don't run! You wear the uniform.
You mustn't wear to school . Don't litter. to keep the school tidy.
And most importantly ,we must be and with . we follow these rules,
we can have a happy and safe school !
Section A, 2a and 2e
Anne: Hi, I'm Anne. What's your name
Tom: Hello! I'm Tom. It's my first day here.
Anne: It's nice to meet you, Tom! Is everything OK
Tom: Well, I can't find my pencil box. I think it's in my locker.
Anne: Here, I can lend you my pen.
Tom: Thanks! Would you like a sweet
Anne: No, thank you. We can't eat snacks in class.
Tom: Can we drink water
Anne: Yes, of course.
Tom: OK, thanks…Oh! I'm sorry, I have to answer my phone.
Anne: Oh, but we mustn't bring our mobile phones to class. We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers. That's another rule.
Tom: OK! Thanks for telling me, Anne.
Anne: You're welcome, Tom.
备注：加粗且加下划线的单词或词组精讲及习题在本单元词汇精讲讲义上。这里不再重复。
Keeping the rules is good for us. 遵守规则对我们有好处。(11页 pronouciation)
要点1: 动名词作主语
此句中keeping the rules为动名词作主语；动名词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。
两个或两个以上动词-ing形式做主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式.
Keeping a diary helps improve your writing skills.（写日记有助于提高你的写作技巧。）
Reading and writing are essential skills for students.（阅读和写作对学生来说是必备的技能。）
即学即练
to keep fit.（游泳是保持健康的好方法。）
the party more lively.（唱歌和跳舞使派对更加活跃。）
要点2: be good for
观察例句：辨析be good at，be good for，be good to与be good with
短语 用法 观察例句
be good at 意为“ ”， at 为介词，后接 ， 相当于 反义词组: She is good at dancing.（她擅长跳舞。） He is good at math. =He does well in math. She is weak in/poor at history. 她历史不好。
be good for 意为“ ”，for 为介词，后接名词或代词，反义词组为 。 Eating fruits is good for your health. Too much sugar is bad for your teeth. 太多糖对你的牙齿有害。
be good to 意为“ ”， 相当于 。 She is always good to her classmates. We should be good to animals.
be good with 意为“和……相处得好：善于应付……; 在……方面有办法”。 She is good with children. 她和孩子们相处得很好。 He is good with computers.他对电脑很在行。
即学即练
—Miss Zhao is good ________ swimming. —And she can be good ________ kids in the swimming club.
A．with; at B．to; with C．at; with D．for; with
My cousin is good at _____， and he wants to be a ______．
A．cook; cook B．cook; cooker C．cooking; cook D．cooking; cooker
It’s nice to meet you, Tom! 见到你很高兴，汤姆！
要点1: It is + 形容词 ( + for/ of sb. ) + to do sth.
It is +形容词 ( + for/ of sb. ) + to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是...
It is difficult for him to solve this problem alone.（对他来说独自解决这个问题很困难。）
It is clever of him to find the answer so quickly.（他这么快就找到答案，真聪明。）
观察例句可得：
句型 用法
It is + adj. + sb. to do sth. 形容词通常是 ，如 important（重要的）、difficult（困难的）、necessary（必要的）等。
It is + adj. + sb. to do sth. 形容词通常是描述 ，如 kind（善良的）、clever（聪明的）、foolish（愚蠢的）等。
注意：当形容词为人品格的形容词时用of，其它形容词用for
即学即练
It is important for us ________ to chat politely with others .
A．to learn B．learning C．learnt D．learn
It is healthy ________ for half an hour every day.
A．of us to exercise B．of us exercising C．for us to exercise D．for us exercising of
—Lucy, it’s amazing ________ you to get 100 in such a difficult exam.
—Actually, I should thank you. It’s so kind ________ you to help me with my study.
A．for; of B．for; for C．of; for D．of; of
I can’t find my pencil box. I think it’s in my locker. 我找不到我的铅笔盒了。 我觉得它在我的储物柜里。
要点1: 句子剖析
“I think it’s in my locker”是主从复合句，主句“I think”，宾语从句“it’s in my locker”。
I think the movie is very interesting.（我认为这部电影非常有趣。）
注意：以I think/believe开头的宾语从句，变为否定句时需 。
肯定句：I think he is a good student.（我认为他是一个好学生。）
否定句：I don't think he is a good student.（我认为他不是一个好学生。）
肯定句：I believe she can solve the problem.（我相信她能解决这个问题。）
否定句：I don't believe she can solve the problem.（我不相信她能解决这个问题。）
即学即练
肯定句：I think they will come to the party.（我认为他们会来参加聚会。）
否定句： （我认为他们不会来参加聚会。）
我不相信这是个好主意。翻译：
要点2: 辨析find&look for&find out
观察例句完成辨析：
短语 用法 观察例句
“发现、找到”，强调寻找的结果。 I finally found my key. 我最终找到了我的钥匙。
“寻找”，强调寻找的过程，不一定能找到。 He is looking for his book. 他正在找他的书。
意为“查明”“弄清楚”“搞明白”，通常是通过调查、研究等方式找到某个事实或信息。 We need to find out the truth. 我们需要查明真相。
即学即练：
I _______ my English book everywhere, but I couldn’t _______ it.
A．look for; find out B．looked for; find C．look; find D．found; look for
—What do you plan ________ on TV？—I hope that I can ________ what’s going on around the world.
A．to watch; find out B．watching; look for C．watching; find out D．to watch; look for
I _________ my pen everywhere, but I couldn’t _________ it. I wanted to ________ who took it.
A．look for; find out ; find B．found; find out ; look for
C．looked for; found; found out D．looked for; find; find out
Oh, but we mustn't bring our mobile phones to class. 哦，但是我们不许把手机带到课堂上来。
要点: 辨析bring&take&get
bring是动词，过去式： 意思“带来；拿来”
从别处将人或物带到说话人所在的地方或将要提到的某个地方。
Bring your book here.（把你的书带到这儿来。）
Could you bring me a glass of water （你能给我拿杯水来吗？）
观察例句完成辨析：
短语 含义 用法
“带来；拿来”，方向是朝着说话者或者目标地点靠近，即从别的地方朝说话人所在处或指定处移动。 __________________把某物或某人带到某地 Please bring your homework to school tomorrow.
“拿走；带走”，方向是离开说话者或者当前位置，即从说话人所在处朝别的地方移动。 Don't take my toys away. （不要把我的玩具拿走。）
有“去取；去拿”的意思，更强调去一个地方然后把东西带回来的过程；也有“得到；获得”等意思。 Get me a pen from the drawer. （从抽屉里给我拿一支笔来。） She got a new job last week.
即学即练
—Don’t forget ________ your book here. —OK, I’ll remember that.
A．to bring B．bringing C．to take D．taking
Lily, you can ________ this book home and ________ it here tomorrow.
A．take; take B．bring; bring C．take, bring D．bring, take
Thanks for telling me. 谢谢你告诉我。
要点: thanks for
thanks for ...表示“对...感谢”，同义词组为“ ”其后常常接名词、代词或动名词。
常见搭配： 感谢做某事
Thanks for your help.（感谢你的帮助。）
Thank you for the gift.（感谢这个礼物。）
Thanks for inviting me to your party.（感谢邀请我参加你的派对。）
即学即练： （感谢你借给我你的书。）
Section A, 2a and 2e
Anne: Hi, I'm Anne. What's your name
Tom: Hello! I'm Tom. It's my first day here.
Anne: It's nice you, Tom! Is OK
Tom: Well, I can't my pencil box. I think it's in my locker.
Anne: Here, I can you my pen.
Tom: Thanks! Would you like a
Anne: No, thank you. We can't eat in class.
Tom: Can we drink water
Anne: Yes, .
Tom: OK, thanks…Oh! I'm sorry, I have to answer my phone.
Anne: Oh, but we mustn't class. We have to and keep them in our lockers. That's another rule.
Tom: OK! Thanks for me, Anne.
Anne: You're welcome, Tom.
单元语音学习
字母e,以及字母组合ea; ee; ear的发音。朗读以下单词，根据发发音规律，每组中再添加一个词。
e [i:] she these
[e] bed pet
ea [i:] please speak
[e] head ready
ee [i:] tree sleep
ear [i ] ear dear
[ε ] pear bear
发音规律总结：
e 在重读开音节中,通常发 he me these we
在重读闭音节中,通常发 lend let sell bed
ea 通常发 或 特殊情况下也可发 . tea sea beach please
head bread weather healthy
theatre idea
ee 通常发 beef feed meet fifteen
ear 通常发 near clear dear hear
在某些情况下,也可发 bear pear wear
即学即练：
sweets ear theater leaf Chinese sea bell meat head
pear bear desk tear bee bread hear deer beer desk desk
把划线部分读音进行分类：
[i:]
[e]
[i ]
[ε ]
一、祈使句（Imperative Sentence）
先观察以下句子的含义及句子结构，试着完成祈使句总结。
Don't be late for school. Arrive on time.
Don't run in the hallways.
Wear the school uniform.
Don't litter．Keep your school clean and tidy.
Be polite and treat everyone with respect.
No parking. 禁止停车。
Have a good trip！
Don’t be late．
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定义：用于表达 等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令，祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。但为了加强语气有时可以加上主语you或增加称呼。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。
祈使句结构：
类型 结构 例句
肯定形式 否定形式
Do型 实义动词原形 ( + 宾语) + 其它 +其他 Wear the school uniform. Don't eat in the classroom
Be型 Be + 表语(名词/形容词) + 其它 +形容词 Be polite． Don’t be late for school!
Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 +其他. Let’s play together. Don’t let him go out. =Let him not go out.
Let+ +其他.
No型 No+ No parking. 禁止停车。 No fishing! 禁止垂钓！
其他 直接用名词、副词或用“名词+副词”等 Help! Hands up! 举起手来！
巧学妙记：
祈使句表命令,还表请求或建议.
动词原形放句首,主语是you常省去.
Don't置前表否定,let否定有两种.
想要客气please, Do置开头强语气.
祈使句注意事项：
①祈使句中常加上please，表示“礼貌，更客气的语气”。please可以放句首，也可以放句尾。放句末时要用逗号分开。
Please open the door. ＝ Open the door, please. 请打开门。
Please don’t forget the meeting.（Don’t forget the meeting, please.）请别忘记开会。
②祈使句中常加 或 来加强肯定的语气，用 来加强否定的语气。
Do be quiet a moment. 务请安静一会儿。
Always remember all your father has said, and be a good boy.要永远记住你爸爸的话，做一个好孩子。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻烦不来找你，千万别去找麻烦。
③祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming, come here. = Come here, Li Ming. 过来，李明。
拓展：祈使句的回答
祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,所以回答时一般用will或won't.
【注意】在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意形式一致和意义相反。
即：yes与will；no与won’t要一致；yes意为“不”；no意为“是”。
Don’t go out. It’s raining hard. 不要出去了。天正下着大雨。
Yes, I will. Lily is waiting for me. 不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢
No, I won’t. I will stay at home. 好的，我不会去的。我待在家就好。
Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.请记得明天把你的家庭作业带到这儿来.
OK,I will.好的,我会的.
祈使句的反意问句
以行为动词或系词be或keep开头的祈使句，如果是肯定形式，后加 或 构成。
Listen to me carefully, will you (won’t you)
Pass me the book, will you (won’t you)
如果祈使句是否定形式，常用 。
Don’t speak so fast, will you 别说那么快，好吗？
Don’t lie on the grass, will you 别躺在草地上，好吗？
Let’s构成的祈使句，包括谈话双方，用 构成。
Let’s go for a walk, shall we 让我们出去散步，好吗？
Let’s walk there, shall we 让我们走着去那，好吗？
Let us构成的祈使句，不包括对方，请求对方允许，用 构成。
Let us go there now, will you 让我们去那儿吧，好吗？
Let us copy the text, will you 让我们抄课文吧，好吗？
祈使句和陈述句的连用
(1)祈使句+ and/ then + 陈述句，二者之间表示一种顺承关系。
Study hard, and you can get good grades.
Be careful, and you will find it easy.
(2)祈使句+ or +陈述句，二者之间表示一种否定条件。
Move quickly, or you will miss the bus.
Study hard, or you will fail the exam again.
祈使句有时相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句
Use your head and you’ll find a way.
If you use your head, you’ll find a way. 如果你动脑筋，你就会找到方法。
即学即练
The TV is too loud. Please________.
turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
_______ late again, Bill!
Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
_______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't
Please help me carry it, ______
will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we
Don't make so much noise, ______
will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you
6. ---______, or we’ll be late for the meeting.
---It’s only half past one by my watch. We have enough time left.
A. Hurry up B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Be quiet
Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.
bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing
________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.
Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell
9._____ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place.
Be B. Being C. To be D. Been
10．—Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. —OK, I ________.
A．don’t B．do C．won’t D．will
二、情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。
情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化， 情态动词本身有词义，但不能单独使用，后面必须加动词原形。
情态动词can/must/have to 的用法小结
can的用法
can是情态动词，意为＂能；会＂，表示某人或某物具备的能力，还可用来提出请求，没有人称和数的变化，后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。
表示有能力做某事，意为＂能；会＂。He can play basketball.他会打篮球。
表示许可，意为＂可以＂。 You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。
情态动词can表示推测，意为＂可能＂，常用语否定句、疑问句中。
It can’t be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫，它有一个短尾巴。
2. must的用法
（1）must表示主观义务，意思是＂应该，必须＂，其否定式mustn’t意为＂不应该，不准＂。情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。
We must get there before five o’clock. 我们必须在五点钟前赶到那儿。
You mustn’t break the rules. 你不要破坏规定。
对用must所提问题的否定回答，常用 ，意思为：不必。
Must I stay here after school 放学后我还得留在这儿吗？
No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不了，没有必要。
（2）must表示推测，意思为： (只用于肯定句中)。
He must be our headmaster. 他肯定是我们的校长。
（3）must用于否定句时，mustn’t意为＂ ＂，而不表示＂不必＂。
You mustn’t be late for school. 你千万不要上学迟到。
3. have to表示客观要求，意思为：不得不；必须；除此之外，别无选择。使用have to应注意以下几点：
（1）have to后接 ，意为＂必须做……；不得不做……＂。
We have no food home, you have to go and get some, Tom. 家里没有食物了，汤姆你得去买一些来。
（2）have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为 。
She has to help her mom make dinner. 她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。
There’s no bus here, so we had to walk home. 现在这里没有汽车了，我们只好走路回家了。
（3）含有have to, has to的句子需分别借助动词do, does构成疑问句或否定句。
Do they have to go now 他们得现在回家吗？
You don’t have to go if you don’t want to. 如果你不想去，你就不必去。
辨析：have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在时或一般将来时。
must侧重于主观必要和个人意志。否定形式mustn't，意为“禁止，不许”。是说话人强有力的劝告或命令。have to侧重于客观上的必要。否定形式don't have to，意为“不必”。
即学即练
用祈使句描述以上教室里图片所示规则。
二、单项选择。
1．—Must we hand in our English homework today —No, you ________.
A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．shouldn’t D．don’t need
2．Mrs Green _________ wash the clothes by herself, because the washing machine can help her.
A．hasn’t to B．don’t have to C．doesn’t have to D．has to
3．—Must I go to bed early today —No, you ________.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．don’t
4．You’re a student, Lily. You ________ listen to your teachers at school.
A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t
5．We have to ________ our classroom every day.
A．to clean B．cleaning C．cleans D．clean
6．We ________ wait until the traffic light turns green when we cross the road.
A．can B．need C．must D．may
7．We _________ eat in the dinning hall. We can’t eat outside.
A．must B．can C．should D．could
8．—Mom, can I go to swim —No, you ________ do your homework.
A．has to B．have to C．can D．could
二、完成句子
你必须六点起床吗？Do you at six
Lucy can sing and dance well. (改为否定句) Lucy sing dance well.
Don’t drink any soft drinks in the library. （同义句改写）
You any soft drinks in the library.
—我们可以在走廊里吃东西吗？—不，不能。
— we in the hallways —No, you .
We have to get up before 6:10 every morning. (改为否定句)
We get up before 6:10 every morning.
You must do your homework every day. (改为同义句)You do your homework every day.
我能把那本书带到教室来吗？ I the book to the classroom
No talking in the hall. (改为否定句) We in the hall.
Section B
There are too many rules in my life. 我的生活中有太多规则。
要点1: too many 观察例句完成以下辨析
短语 含义及用法 例句
表示数量上“太多” 用于修饰 名词复数。 There are too many people in the room. She has too many books on her desk.
表示“太多” 用于修饰 名词。 He drank too much water.
There is too much noise outside.外面噪音太多。
强调程度上“太……” 后面接 ，表明程度超过了正常、合适或预期的水平。 This box is much too heavy for me to carry. 这个箱子对我来说太重了，我搬不动。 She runs much too fast.她跑得太快了。
即学即练
Zack spent ________ time on his homework, but he still made ________ mistakes in it.
A．too much; too much B．too much; too many
C．too many; too much D．too many; too many
I have ________ homework everyday and I feel ________ tired.
too many; too much B．too much; much too
too much; too much D．much too; too much
I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必须快点上学因为上学不能迟到。
要点1: hurry
观察例句完成以下导图
Hurry up, or we'll be late for the movie.（快点，否则我们看电影要迟到了。）
He hurried to the airport to catch his flight.（他匆忙赶到机场去赶航班。）
We hurried to pack our bags before the taxi arrived.（在出租车到来之前，我们匆忙收拾行李。）
He left in a hurry and left his keys.（他匆忙离开，忘了带钥匙。）
hurry
即学即练
She when she heard her mother was ill.
（当她听说母亲生病时，匆忙赶往医院。）
, the bus is coming.（赶快，公交车来了。）
The students their homework before the class ended.
（学生们在下课前匆忙完成作业。）
She was to meet her friends, so she didn't have time to eat breakfast.
（她急着去见朋友，所以没时间吃早饭。）
要点2: because
观察例句完成以下辨析
短语 含义及用法 例句
连词，意为“因为”，后接表原因的 。注意: because与so不能 ，二者中只能选用一个。 He is ill. So he can't come to school. He is ill because he didn't wear enough clothes.
“因为，由于”，是一个短语介词，后接 。 She couldn't go to the party because of her illness.她因为生病不能去参加聚会。
即学即练：
—The boy didn’t come to school ________ the bad weather. —No, ________ he was ill.
A．because of, because B．because, because of C．because, because
I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor English.
I was afraid to ask questions______________________________
After school there are even more rules!
要点1: after
观察例句完成以下总结：
after 表示时间上“在……之后”。它强调的是一个时间点或者一个时间段之后的情况。After lunch, we went for a walk. After studying for two hours, he took a short break. 表示位置关系，“在……后面”，用于描述空间位置。The cat is hiding after the tree.
引导时间状语从句，表示“在……以后”。 After he finished his homework, he watched TV.
注意事项
当从句主语和主句主语一致时，“after + doing”在可以和“after +时间状语从句（从句主语和主句主语一致）”进行转换。
原句：After I finished my homework, I watched TV.
转换：After finishing my homework, I watched TV.
原句：After she read the book, she had a better understanding of the story.
转换： , she had a better understanding of the story.
要点2: even more rules
观察例句总结even的用法
即学即练
This book is than that one.（这本书比那本更好。）
After , it’s good to look at the green trees.
.（她甚至比她哥哥还高。）
, she went to school.（她吃完早餐后就去上学了。）
, she went to school.
I have to finish my homework first. 我必须先完成我的作业。
要点: finish
观察例句完成以下导图
She just finished cleaning the house and now she can relax.（她刚刚打扫完房子，现在可以休息了。）
The two runners were neck and neck until they reached the very finish.
（两名赛跑选手并驾齐驱，直到他们到达终点。）
All the runners were focused on approaching the finish line as fast as possible.
（所有的赛跑者都专注于尽快接近终点线。）
观察例句可得:
即学即练
They finally after two years of hard work.
（经过两年的艰苦努力，他们终于建成了这座新桥。）
She could in the distance.（她能看到远处的终点线。）
That shows respect for your class and teacher.那体现了对你的班级和老师的尊重。
要点1: show
观察例句完成以下导图
Show your homework to the teacher.把你的作业给老师看。=Show the teacher your homework.
His actions showed his honesty. 他的行为表明了他的诚实。
We watched a wonderful show last night.（我们昨晚看了一场精彩的演出。）
He always shows off his new car.（他总是炫耀他的新车。）
She didn't show up at the party.（她没在聚会上露面。）
Many precious paintings are on show in the museum.（许多珍贵的绘画在博物馆展出。）
The tour guide showed the tourists around the ancient castle.（导游带领游客们参观古堡。）
即学即练
Helen showed the students ________ the science museum ________ her free time.
A．to; on B．to; in C．around; in D．around; on
Come on! The panda YaYa is waiting for her keeper to ________ in the zoo to take her home.
A．show off B．show around C．show up D．show time
Mike has only driven to the restaurant to ________ his new car—he usually walks!
A．get off B．take off C．show off D．turn off
—What is the rule in our classroom —We should always show respect to our teachers and peers.
A．be willing to B．show understanding to
be polite to D．show patience to
I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world better. 我知道那很难，但是规则可以帮助让世界变得更好。
要点: make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
观察例句完成以下总结：
短语 含义 例句
使…… 变得…… The good news made him happy. 这个好消息使他很高兴。
使…… 成为…… We made him our team leader. 我们让他成为我们的队长。
让 / 使…… 做某事 The teacher made the students stand up. 老师让学生们站起来。
即学即练：
The dress is great for Lily. It makes ________ pretty.
A．her look B．her to look C．she looks D．she to look
Millie’s mother always makes her ________ piano every day.
A．practise to play B．practises playing C．practise playing D．practises to play
You’d better do something fun before big tests. It will make you ________.
easy B．angry C．lovely D．relaxed
Don’t fight with your classmates.（3c p16 ）不要和同学打架。
要点: fight
观察例句完成以下导图
I don't want to fight with you. Let's talk it out.我不想和你打架。我们把事情说清楚吧。
The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely.士兵们勇敢地与敌人作战。
People fought for their freedom and independence.人们为他们的自由和独立而战。
The two dogs had a fight over a bone.两只狗为了一块骨头打架。
fight 打架 动词 和某人打架 与...作斗争 为...而战 过去式:
名词 打架；争吵”
即学即练
He often , which makes his teachers very angry.
他经常和他的同学打架，这让他的老师们很生气。
Doctors and nurses are the deadly disease day and night.
医生和护士们日夜与这种致命疾病作斗争。
The athletes the honor of their team and country in the Olympics.
运动员们在奥运会上为他们的团队和国家的荣誉而战。
My neighbors last night and the noise woke me up.
我的邻居昨晚吵架了，噪音把我吵醒了。
Say “please” when you ask for help.（3c p16 ）当你寻求帮助时说“请”。
句型剖析： “Say please” 是一个祈使句。“when you ask for help”是时间状语从句.
要点1: ask 观察例句完成以下导图
短语 意义及用法 例句
表示向某人或某处提出请求以获得某物。 寻求帮相： He asked for a glass of water. She asked for help when she got lost.
要求某人（不）做某事. The teacher asked the boy to read the text . She asked me not to play video games.
即学即练
—Our English teacher asks us ________ English every day.
—So my mother made me ________ the English text for half an hour yesterday evening.
A．to read; to read B．read; to read C．to read; read
Why not ________ your father for help when you have trouble ________ the story by yourself
A．ask; finishing B．to ask; finish C．to ask; finishing
Section B
本单元话题是“规章制度”，命题人围绕各种规章制度展开话题，要求学生用英语表达学校或者家庭的规章制度，并表达自己对这些制度的看法。写作时常用祈使句，要注意祈使句以动词原形开头，以及祈使句的否定结构。
和大家介绍一下你的班规，并且分享以下你对班规的看法。
常见短语：
The rules of school 校规
Follow the rules 遵守规则
Keep quiet 保持安静
On time 按时
Be late for 迟到...
Listen to ... 听...
Have to 不得不
Fight with... 和...打架
常见句式：
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There are too many rules in my family/school.
I/ We can’t ...
I/ We must ...
I/ We have to ...
I think it’s ...
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列提纲：可按照“总分总”结构

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