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(共21张PPT)
Unit 6 Wisdom Counts
The present perfect and the simple past
Grammar
Learning objectives
Identify the form features of the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle) and the simple past tense (verb-ed), and distinguish their structural differences in sentences.
Explain the implied meaning conveyed by the speaker's use of a specific tense in a given context.
Work in groups to create a short dialogue or narrative about an ancient Chinese story, using both tenses accurately to convey the timeline of events and their relevance to the present.
At the end of the class, you will be able to:
Lead-in
Look at the pictures from the story of the Trojan Horse, can you guess what are they doing
Captain
Soldier
the Trojan Horse
Present
Soldier: Captain! Captain! The Greeks have gone (go). They left (leave) last night.
Captain: Great! We have finally won(win)! I have waited (wait) so long for this moment.
Soldier: Look! Our men have found (find) something unusual. The Greeks left (leave) a huge wooden horse near the city. Can you see it outside the main gate The Greeks did not take (not take) it with them.
Captain: Let's keep it then. Go and pull it into the city.
Read the dialogue between the captain and the soldier from the story of the Trojan Horse. Pay attention to the tenses of the verbs in bold.
Observe
Soldier: Captain! Captain! The Greeks have gone. They left last night.
Captain: Great! We have finally won! I have waited so long for this moment.
Soldier: Look! Our men have found something unusual. The Greeks left a huge wooden horse near the city. Can you see it outside the main gate The Greeks did not take it with them.
Captain: Let's keep it then. Go and pull it into the city.
Read the dialogue between the captain and the soldier from the story of the Trojan Horse. Pay attention to the tenses of the verbs in bold.
Observe
the Present Perfect
The Greeks have gone.
We have finally won!
I have waited so long for this moment.
the Past Tense
They left last night.
The Greeks left a huge wooden horse near the city.
The Greeks did not take it with them.
Can you find out the rules
Emphasize the impact or result of an action that happened in the past on the present, focusing on the present.
Describe past actions or states at a specific time, with no connection to the present.
The present perfect and the simple past
Analyse
the present perfect:
have/has + past participle of the main verb
the simple past:
past tense of the main verb
review
The present perfect and the simple past
1.The Present Perfect Tense emphasizes the impact/result of a past action on the present, focusing on now.
The Past Simple Tense simply describes actions/states that occurred at a past time, with no direct link to the present.
Analyze
Examples:
- She has just had her lunch. (She isn’t hungry now.)
- She had her lunch two hours ago. (Just states a fact; we don’t know if she’s hungry now.)
The present perfect and the simple past
2.The present perfect tense usually doesn't go with past time words like "yesterday", "last week", "then", "three days ago", "in 2000", etc.
Examples:
I have visited the Bund yesterday/last week/three years ago/in 2000.
I visited the Bund yesterday/last week/three years ago/in 2000.
3.The present perfect tense is usually used with words indicating "any time up to now", such as ever, before, never, yet, recently, already, lately, etc.
Examples:
- I have never seen that film.
- I have read the book recently.
Analyze
（×）
（ √ ）
The present perfect and the simple past
4.the Present Perfect Tense can also show an action that started in the past and continues to the present (and may keep going). It often uses for/since with stative/durative verbs to show duration.
the Past Simple Tense usually describes actions completed at a past time period, with no emphasis on continuity.
Examples:
You have helped me a lot. (Up to now)
My grandmother took good care of me. (When she was alive)
Analyze
stative verbs: express "states of being", not emphasizing the action process, often used with for/since.
examples: be、have、know、believe
She has been a teacher for 5 years.
durative verbs:express "sustainable actions" and can be used with time periods.
examples: live、work、study、wait
They have lived in Beijing since 2010.
has lasted → lasted
have been → were
have had → had
has started → started
learnt → has learnt
Practice
opened
went
bought
have
never been
visited
have seen
bought
have read
Practice
Output-pair work
14
Tian Ji in a horse race
Empty fort strategy
the Battle of Chibi
Surround Wei to save Zhao
Output-Tian Ji in a horse race(example)
1.When did the story take place
The story took place during the Warring States Period in ancient China (around the 4th century BC).
2.What happened in the story
Tian Ji, a Qi state general, often raced horses with the king.
His friend Sun Bin proposed a strategy:
Race Tian Ji's lowest-level horse against the king's highest (lose).
Use his highest-level horse against the king's middle (win).
Use his middle-level horse against the king's lowest (win).
Tian Ji won 2 out of 3 rounds and defeated the king.
3. What have you learnt from the story
I have learnt that...
Show Time
1. Maria __________________ never __________________ (be) to Paris.
2. His grandfather __________________ (die) ten years ago.
3. I’m not hungry. I just __________________ (have) dinner.
4. I __________________ (know) her since I was little.
5. Li Hui __________________ (study) English since he was (be) seven.
6. She __________________ (live) in Guangzhou since 1996.
7. —__________________ you ever __________________ (be) to London
—Yes, I __________________ (go) there last year.
8. Shenzhen __________________ (change) a lot in recent years.
9. Time flies—we __________________ (live) in the same house for 20 years now!
10. Someone __________________ (steal) my neighbour’s bike yesterday.
has
died
had
have known
has studied
has lived
been
went
has changed
have lived
been
Have
stole
Apply
Fill in the blanks with words in correct form.
Fill in the blanks with words in correct form.
A few years ago, my family __________________ (move) to a new city. I didn’t know anyone there, and I __________________ (feel) very lonely the first year.
My parents were a bit worried. They thought I should take part in some after-school activities, but I never __________________ (find) anything that interested me. One day, however, a classmate mentioned a local dance group and asked if I wanted __________________ (go) there with her. We went for a trial session together, and afterwards, my classmate and I both __________________ (decide) to join.
I __________________ (be) part of this dance group for three years now, and I really enjoy it. There are 20 students in the group. We learn ballet, street dance and even folk dance. I practise dancing every day, and I __________________ (get) quite good at it.
I sometimes __________________ (take) part in events such as local and even national dance competitions, and my parents always come to watch me. They are proud of my achievements.
moved
felt
found
to go
decided
have been
have got
take
Apply
Self-assessment
content score（1–5）
1. I can understand the differences in meaning and usage between the Present Perfect Tense and the Past Simple Tense. 1 2 3 4 5
2.I can master the grammatical knowledge related to the Present Perfect Tense and the Past Simple Tense. 1 2 3 4 5
3. I can correctly use the Present Perfect Tense and the Past Simple Tense to describe things that happen in life. 1 2 3 4 5
Must-do task
Complete the grammar exercises in Grammar Review on page 139 of the textbook.
Optional task
Work in pairs, create the dialogue of the ancient Chinese story you have chosen using the simple past tense and the present perfect, and finish a role-play with your partner.
Homework
Thank you!

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