资源简介

(共30张PPT)
句子成分
备战高考 语法重难点之
verb
What makes a sentence
main elements
subject
predicate 谓语 (verb)
object宾语
（direct object
/indirect object)
predicative
object complement
表语
宾语补足语
adverbial
attributive
状语
定语
appositive
同位语
句子不清、理解不明、一见长难句就发蒙，皆因句子成分没划清。划分句子成分、拆分长难句是正确理解、应用复杂句式的必备手段。
Think and Learn
Try to complete this chart.
Core parts Subject Predicate Object Complement
句子核心成分 主语 谓语 宾语 补语
The joke makes the boy laugh.
找出以下句子主干部分
The unexpectedly witty and well-timed joke, told by a mischievous comedian during the crowded evening performance at the famous downtown theater, makes the young boy, who had been quietly sitting with his family, laugh uncontrollably, despite his earlier reluctance to enjoy the show.
——
——
——
—
—
——
The man...
1.主语 subject---主角
主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，动作的发出者，通常置于句首。
　　
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文)Some students might have advanced speaking skills while others may struggle with basic conversation.(名词短语、代词作主语) ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文)In my opinion, it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class.(it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语)
③(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Learning to knit helped me develop my creativity and problem solving skills.(动名词短语作主语)
④(2023·汕头三模)It's well known that Chinese people attach great importance to labour.(it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语)
1　主语——习惯于发号施令，偶尔也会被赶下台
主语是谓语所表示动作或状态的执行者。
能够充当主语的主要有名词(短语)、主格代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)和从句等。
当主语为动词不定式(短语)或从句时，为避免头重脚轻，可用it作形式主语。
练习一、划出以下句子中的主语，并写出作主语的成分
　1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
　2. We often speak English in class.
　3. One third of the students in this class are girls.
　4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
　5. Smoking does harm to the health.
　6. The rich should help the poor.
　7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
　8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.
_______________
____
_______________
_____________
____
____
__________________________
__
__________________
The man
holds...
2.谓语 predicate.---主语发出的动作
谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。相当于“做什么”中的“做”。
动词：可以分为系动词和实义动词，也可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。
①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Moreover, I have gained a sense of achievement by creating beauty with my needles and threads. (“助动词＋实义动词”作谓语) ②(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Last summer, I learnt the new skill of traditional Chinese painting.(单个实义动词作谓语) ③(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)This summer was significant to me as I had the opportunity to learn Suzhou embroidery.(系表结构作谓语)
④(2021·全国乙卷满分作文)First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizons.(“情态动词＋动词短语”作谓语)
⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷满分作文)I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. (“强调谓语动词的助动词do＋实义动词”作谓语)
⑥(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places.(“助动词＋动词”作谓语，谓语动词是被动形式)
谓语置于主语之后，描述主语所发出的动作或主语具有的特征或状态。常用作谓语的主要有动词和动词短语等。谓语有时态、语态和语气的变化。谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应，即主谓一致。
2　谓语——坚决服从主语“领导”，执行命令雷厉风行　
练习二、划出以下句子中的谓语，并写出谓语是简单谓语还是复杂谓语
1. Last summer, I learnt the new skill of traditional Chinese painting.2. we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizons.3. I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. 4.I have gained a sense of achievement by creating beauty with my hard work.
____
___________
_______
_________
his girlfriend.
The man
holds
3.宾语 object---动作的承受者（配角）
宾语：谓语动词动作的承受者，相当于“做什么”中的“什么”,通常位于谓语之后。
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)I expressed my sincerest gratitude to the teacher.(名词短语作宾语)
②(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)As an enthusiast of Chinese painting, I decided to take an interest class to learn the basics.(动词不定式短语作宾语) ③(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in.(从句作宾语) ④(2021·浙江1月卷)Then mom told me that she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin.(me为间接宾语，that引导的宾语从句作直接宾语)
3　宾语——一直受到压制，有时“翻身农奴把歌唱”　　
宾语表示谓语动作、行为的对象，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面，受到谓语的限制和制约。
宾语一般由名词(短语)、宾格代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)或从句等充当，根据需要也可用it作形式宾语。宾语在被动结构中才会“翻身农奴把歌唱”。
练习三、划出以下句子中的宾语, 并写出作宾语的成分
1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
　2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
　3. How many dictionaries do you have I have five.
　4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
　5. He pretended not to see me.
　6. I enjoy listening to popular music.
　7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
________
__
______
____
______
________________
________________
4.补语complement
对宾语或主语进行补充，使其意义完整
She lets him alone.
宾语补足语
宾补：宾语补足语一般在宾语后面，补充说明宾语的身份内容或性质、特点、状态。宾语补足语也可说明宾语（被）做或不（被）做什么。
4　补语——始终寄人篱下，永远成不了“主人”　
补语也叫补足语，主要起补充说明的作用，最常见的是宾语补足语和主语补足语，所以说它寄人篱下，成不了“主人”。
补足语可由名词(短语)、形容词(短语)、副词、数词、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)、介词短语或从句等充当。
①We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.(名词短语作宾语补足语) ②We'll try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.(形容词短语作宾语补足语) ③(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)Because this activity will be presented on the English website, I sincerely want you to offer me some advice.(不定式短语作宾语补足语)
练习四、划出以下句子中的宾语补足语, 并写出作宾补的成分
　1. His father named him Dongming.
　2. They painted their boat white.
　3. Let the fresh air in.
　4. You mustn't force him to lend his money to you.
　5. We saw her entering the room. 6. We found everything in the lab in good order.
_____
_____
_____
______________
______________
______________
The man is sad.
5.表语 predicative
表语在连系动词后面(am/is/are...)后面，用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.
1、五感：五个表示五官感官动词，look 、sound 、smell 、taste 、feel 。
2、四变：四个表示变化的动词，become 、turn 、get 、grow。
3、三保持：三个表示保持的动词，keep、stay 、remain 。
4、二特殊：两个特殊动词，be 、seem 似乎。
①(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)Seafood is a part of people's daily diet.(名词短语作表语)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)Another 15 minutes passed, yet David was still not in sight.(介词短语作表语)
③My aim is to let China go to the world and let the world understand China.(不定式短语作表语) ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)That was when I fell in love with writing.(从句作表语) ⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文)I'm very enthusiastic about our English speaking programme.(形容词作表语)
5　表语——最会察言观色，就看“主子”脸色　　
表语一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后，用来说明主语这个“主子”的身份、特征和状态，一般由名词(短语)、名词性物主代词、形容词(短语)、分词(短语)、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、介词短语、副词及从句等充当。
练习五、划出以下句子中的表语, 并写出作表语的成分
　1. Is it yours
　2. The speech is exciting.
　3. The weather has turned cold.
　4. His job is to teach English.　 5. Three times seven is twenty one
　6. Our teacher of English is an American.
　7. The machine must be out of order.
　8. The truth is that he has never been abroad.
_____
_____
____________
_____
_____
_____
_____
___________________
6.定语attribute---用来修饰限定名词/代词
The man holds his girlfriend.
handsome
形容词：形容词放在名词之前, 用来修饰名词的成分。
①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Overall, it was a wonderful experience that I will always remember.(形容词作定语)
②(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)According to a survey, most students interviewed choose to listen to English songs.(过去分词作后置定语)
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文)A better way might be to have students practice with partners who have similar English proficiency and learning needs.(定语从句作后置定语)
6　定语——鞍前马后搞服务，全心全意勤务兵　　
修饰或限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句被称为定语。
定语服务于它所修饰或限定的名词或代词，可由形容词(短语)、数词、形容词性物主代词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词(短语)或从句等充当。定语分为前置和后置两种情况，若短语、从句等作定语时，常置于被修饰词之后。
练习六、划出以下句子中的定语, 并写出作定语的成分
　1. Guilin is a beautiful city.
　2. He is reading an article about how to learn English.
　3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.
　4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
　5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
　6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
　7. China is a developing country while America is a developed country.
_____
________________
___
_____
_____
_____
______________
_____
_______
________
7.状语adverbial.
The handsome man holds his girlfriend
on the boat.
状语：状语主要修饰动词，也可以修饰形容词或副词，甚至修饰整个句子，它可以表示动作或状态发生的时间，地点，条件，原因，目的，结果，方式，程度，频率等。位置随机。
7　状语——行踪飘忽不定，却对动词“情有独钟”
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、程度、伴随等意义。
状语可由副词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词(短语)或从句等充当。高考中一般考查副词修饰动词的用法，故说它对动词“情有独钟”。
①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Recently I learnt how to knit by taking a knitting class.(副词作状语)
②(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Nowadays, many of Lu Xun's works are still included in Chinese textbooks, inspiring us students to strive for a better future.(现在分词短语作状语)
③(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)When we go to the beach, don't throw rubbish, especially plastics, into the sea.(从句作状语)
④Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty.(形容词短语作状语)
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)My teacher wanted me to enjoy success and glory alone while he chose to support me in silence.(介词短语作状语)
⑥(2023·浙江1月卷应用文)To let us get to know the plants around us, our school organized a fruit picking activity on a farm last weekend.(不定式短语作状语)
练习七、划出以下句子中的状语, 并写出作状语的成分
　1. Light travels most quickly.
　2. He has lived in the city for ten years.　3. When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.
　4. He is in the room making a model plane.　5. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
_____
______
________
__________
_______
____________________________________
8　同位语——总是玩失踪，特殊场合还是“显露原形”　
对句子中的名词或代词做进一步解释、说明，与该名词或代词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位语。
英语句子表达中一般情况下是没有同位语的，所以说它爱玩失踪，如果要对前面名词或代词的具体内容做进一步的说明，则需要同位语，可谓“显露原形”。可以用作同位语的有名词(短语)、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等。
①(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Zhang Qian, a well known figure in Chinese history, was one of the pioneers of the Silk Road.(名词短语作同位语) ②(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs.(从句作同位语)
练习八、划出以下句子中的同位语
1. They all wanted to see him. 2. He himself doesn’t know why. 3. Are you two ready 4. The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 5. We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country.
__
_____
__
_________________________
____________
练习九、划出以下句子中的插入语
1. Honestly, I don’’t need it at the moment.2. You are not quite fit for this kind of work, if I may say so.3. This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a harmonious atmosphere.
_____
______
_____________
宾语
表语
谓语
状语
定语
宾语补足语
同位语
状语句子成分 Sentence Constituents
英语句子由多个部分构成，各部分在句子中起着不同的作用，这些构成句子的不同部分被称为句子成分。
主语subject：是句子所要说明的人或事物。
位置：一般位于句首,谓语动词之前。但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
构成：主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式to do(短语)、动名词doing（短语）、名词化的形容词和从句等表示。如：
The desk is old. 这张课桌旧了。（名词作主语）
He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。（代词作主语）
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。（不定式作主语）
The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching.
成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。（名词短语作主语）
练习一、划出以下句子中的主语，并写出作主语的成分
　1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
　2. We often speak English in class.
　3. One third of the students in this class are girls.
　4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
　5. Smoking does harm to the health.
　6. The rich should help the poor.
　7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
　8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.
谓语verb：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。一个句子中真正的谓语只有一个，其他动词都只能算非谓语。
谓语的构成：一般由动词短语、系动词、动词、“情态动词/助动词+实义动词”结构等充当。但谓语有简单谓语和复杂谓语，如：
简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
I play basketball in the morning.
He practices running every morning.
Please take out your English book.
I was annoyed with him for his rude manners.
（2）复合谓语：
1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形或系动词加表语构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold.
Do I have to buy another ticket
Food became easier to chew at this point.
练习二、划出以下句子中的谓语，并写出谓语是简单谓语还是复杂谓语
1. Last summer, I learnt the new skill of traditional Chinese painting.
2. we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizons.
3. I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future.
4.I have gained a sense of achievement by creating beauty with my hard work.
宾语object：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语通常由名词、数词、代词、动词不定式to do(短语)、动名词doing（短语）或从句等充当宾语。如：
She likes skipping. 她喜欢跳绳。（动名词作宾语）
I want to eat two hamburgers now. 我现在想吃两个汉堡。（不定式短语作宾语）
The peacefulness（静谧） and variety （多样性）of the plants left a deep impression on me.(名词作宾语）
种类：直接宾语direct object、间接宾语indirect object
直接宾语：动作的直接承受者（一般是物sth.，“buy a computer”）; 间接宾语：动作间接承受者，对谁或者为谁而做的（一般是人,give me a book）
Pass me the book, please. 请把这本书递给我。（代词和名词作间接宾语和直接宾语）
2）介词后面的宾语，构成“介宾结构” I am interested in computer studies.
　　
练习三、划出以下句子中的宾语, 并写出作宾语的成分
1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
　2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
　3. How many dictionaries do you have I have five.
　4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
　5. He pretended not to see me.
　6. I enjoy listening to popular music.
　7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
宾语补足语object complement：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语充当。如：
I made Tom monitor.（宾语补语）
We'll try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.(形容词短语作宾语补足语)
练习四、划出以下句子中的宾语补足语, 并写出作宾补的成分
　1. His father named him Dongming.
　2. They painted their boat white.
　3. Let the fresh air in.
　4. You mustn't force him to lend his money to you.
　5. We saw her entering the room.
6. We found everything in the lab in good order.
5. 表语predicative：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
构成：表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式to do(短语)、过去分词done、doing(短语)、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。如：
It is a flower. 这是一朵花。（名词作表语）
We are at work. 我们在上班。（介词短语作表语）
She is nice. 她是友善的。（形容词作表语）
Her job is to look after her baby. 她的工作就是照顾她的孩子。（不定式作表语）
You look younger in this dress. 你穿这件裙子看起来年轻多了。（形容词作表语）
练习五、划出以下句子中的表语, 并写出作表语的成分
　1. Is it yours
　2. The speech is exciting.
　3. The weather has turned cold.
　4. His job is to teach English.　
5. Three times seven is twenty one
　6. Our teacher of English is an American.
　7. His hobby is playing football.
　8. The machine must be out of order.
　9. Time is up. The class is over.
　10. The truth is that he has never been abroad.
6. 定语attributive：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
位置: 定语有前置定语和后置定语。形容词、数词、代词、名词等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之前，但是在修饰any-，some-，no， every-等构成的不定代词，如something 等时，应放于这些复合不定代词之后进行修饰。动词不定式、副词、介词短语、从句等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之后。
构成：定语通常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词或名词所有格、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句充当。如：
The boy pupil is in Class Three. 这个男生在3班。（名词作定语）
The girl in red is my sister.穿红衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。（介词短语作定语）
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉（定语从句作定语）
练习六、划出以下句子中的定语, 并写出作定语的成分
　1. Guilin is a beautiful city.
　2. He is reading an article about how to learn English.
　3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.
　4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
　5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
　6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
　7. China is a developing country while America is a developed country.
7. 状语adverbial：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。状语位置灵活。
位置: 修饰整个句子时放于句首;修饰形容词或副词时放于其后;表时间、目的、地点状语时常放于主句之前或之后，若强调时则应放于主句之前;频度副词如almost、often 等作状语常放于be 动词、情态动词之后，放于实义动词之前。
构成：通常由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格结构和从句等充当。如：
I can jump high. 我跳得高。（副词作状语）
Without the idea, I can't finish the work. 没有这个创意，我不可能完成这份工作。（介词短语作状语）
练习七、划出以下句子中的状语, 并写出作状语的成分
　1. Light travels most quickly.
　2. He has lived in the city for ten years.
　3. When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.
　4. He is in the room making a model plane.
　5. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
8. 同位语appositive：对句子中某一名词（词组）或代词做进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。
构成：同位语可用名词、代词、名词短语、从句等充当。如：
Zhang Qian, a well known figure in Chinese history, was one of the pioneers of the Silk Road. （名词作同位语）
Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs.（that从句作同位语）
练习八、划出以下句子中的同位语
1. They all wanted to see him.
2. He himself doesn’t know why.
3. Are you two ready
4. The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
5. We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country.
9. 插入语：对一句话的附加解释、说明或总结用逗号、破折号隔开，与句子的其他部分之间没有语法关系。如：
To be frank, I don’t agree with you.
Strictly speaking, you are wrong.
This, in my opinion, is only a simple question.
练习九、划出以下句子中的插入语
1. Honestly, I don’’t need it at the moment.
2. You are not quite fit for this kind of work, if I may say so.
3. This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a harmonious atmosphere.
句子成分 高考检测题
考向01 考查主语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）If no actions are taken, the region will face the threat of being buried by sand as no __________ (defend) can stop the advancing deserts and repetitive strong sandstorms.
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模） One of the great __________ (strength) of the study is that it includes people with very different levels of fitness and health.
__________ (decorate) homes with red lanterns and couplets adds a vivid and warm touch to the Spring Festival atmosphere.
There has been a close （associate） between these two companies.
The newcomer’s (fail) to work out the technical problem didn’t make her lose heart.
6．It is convenient for us __________ (collect)information related to the new programme online.
7． we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn.
8．There is no doubt that __________ (honest) and willingness to help others are why we become charming.
9． (spend) time together in the garden can be a great way to exercise and have fun with your pet.
10． (learn) English is to have more opportunities in the future.
考向02 考查谓语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·辽宁大连·期末）In summary, China’s museum boom (characterize) by a surge in visitors, widespread use of new technology and media, deepening social functions, and the ongoing development of strategies to address emerging challenges.
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模）Higher intensity physical activity (find) to be associated with lower risk of an early death from all causes, but the difference is most noticeable when it comes to cardiovascular disease.
3.（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）All the pictures (take) last year, when photographers from the area embarked on a remarkable journey spanning more than 5,000 kilometers.
4.（2025高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）She ____ (convince) that the caves’ social importance far outweighed their economic potential and that scientific protection was the key to their survival.
5.（2025·广东深圳·二模）Many of those in attendance had been interviewed previously by the filmmakers. Most were seniors, but there were also some with young children, and even a few who (fly) in from Australia.
6.（2025·山东济南·一模）Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, __ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true to one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international diners.
7.（2025高三上·安徽阜阳·期中）Recently, the course (attract) 130 international students, including those from Britain, France, Canada, Australia, Japan and Singapore.
8.（2025高三下·广东深圳·阶段练习）In the past, Chinese animation (see) as products for a younger audience, with technical standards and narrative abilities which struggled to match with Hollywood or Japanese animation.
9.（2025·湖南·模拟）So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces __ (dig).
10.（2025·四川成都·模拟）Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration,________(say) in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter, and artistic style, which reflected the peaceful nature of Chinese civilization.
考向03 考查宾语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·江苏常州·一模）The practice could enhance the overall (effective) of the nourishment.
2.（24-25高三下·江苏盐城·阶段练习） But what makes this Asian renaissance The answer lies in a unique blend of visionary leadership, economic growth and a culture of discipline and (resolve).
3.（24-25高三上·江苏·阶段练习）But what makes this Asian renaissance The answer lies in a unique blend of visionary leadership, economic growth and a culture of discipline and_________ (persevere).
4.（2025·全国·模拟预测） Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, which features the (combine) of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste.
5.（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）One success of his work, which beat out over 48,000 (entry) from 100 countries, made him the first Chinese photographer to receive the title of wildlife photographer of the year in 2019.
6.（2025·莆田·二模）Smart wearable devices have undergone a transformative journey, evolving from niche gadgets to integral (companion) in modern life.
7.（24-25高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·开学考试）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing.
8.（24-25高三上·福建莆田·期末）Every October, it is the harvest season for pomelo, a time when merchants flock to Duli Town to purchase the fruit. Most of these __ (merchant) are regular buyers.
9.（24-25高三上·重庆·开学考试）“You can use timeless pieces as a handsome __ (found) for many aesthetic (美学的) languages,” Bush says.
10.（2025·山东潍坊·一模） It also makes possible the ___ （integrate）of the rich resources into the field of education, giving full play to their roles of preserving history and educating people.
考向04 考查表语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．The film star was (annoy) to know that his son was still addicted to drugs.
2．It was too (fog) to drive anywhere, so they had to stop to have a rest at home.
3．As time becomes (limit) and school work begins to pile up, many students start to feel much stressed.
4．I'm delighted to receive your invitation and I'm so (honor) to serve as your guide to the local bio-park.
5．This annual activity is always tiring but (reward), so I sincerely invite you to go with us.
6．We will see our Chinese enterprises becoming more and more (compete) internationally, and our motherland getting stronger than ever before.
7．I am convinced that the exhibition is sure to be (impress) and you will be deeply moved by their devotion and selflessness.
8．I received your message about the difficulties you’re facing in your studies, and I truly understand how (challenge) it can be.
9．I’m (delight) to hear about your plan to launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestions.
10．What’s more, we are (create) and can keep up with modern science and technology.
考向05 考查补语、状语、同位语、插入语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．With the demand from wholesalers (grow) rapidly, the couple are constantly busy improving their products.
2．My son will turn 15 next week. I want to give him something special, but I have no idea I should buy.
3．As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, you might ask yourself a question you should start your own business.
4．You should open up your mind to the fact language represents a cultural world view.
5． (conclude), we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia. Let’s work together to make it a reality.
6．It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is (respective) 65% and 50%.
7． （be）honest, I was surprised he knew where I was—I moved so often.
8． (frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team.
9．It scared me to see a whale (attack) by a pack of about six other killers at that time.
10．Now it is home to (approximate) 300 folk houses,20 temples and ancestral halls, and 10 opera stages.
11.Thank you so much for your call and keep me (inform) in terms of what you’re doing.
12．It is a great relief that he has been admitted to his ideal university, (major) in civil engineering.
语法填空：
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one. Then she said, “You may send him every Saturday morning, if you will pop the corn for him 1 (you). John, will you agree to take charge of the work ” “Indeed, I will,” replied John, and he kept his word. Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper 2 (bag). When she came back, she brought Bernard with her. The corn was all popped, the paper bags filled, and 3 (arrange) in the basket when Bernard arrived.
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. And much sooner than could 4 (expect), he returned with an empty basket. Never 5 he earned so much money before in his life. When he found that it was all to be his, he was so delighted that he could 6 (hard) speak, but his bright 7 (smile) face spoke for him. People began to watch for 8 “little popcorn boy”, and every week he had at least fifty cents to take home, and often 9 (much). All this was because of John’s bright idea, and the way he carried it 10 .
参考答案
考向01 考查主语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）If no actions are taken, the region will face the threat of being buried by sand as no __________ (defend) can stop the advancing deserts and repetitive strong sandstorms.
【答案】defense
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果不采取行动，该地区将面临被沙子掩埋的威胁，因为没有任何防御措施可以阻止沙漠的前进和反复的强沙尘暴。此处作从句的主语，表示“防御”，应用名词defense，故填defense。
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模） One of the great __________ (strength) of the study is that it includes people with very different levels of fitness and health.
【答案】strengths
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：这项研究的一大优势在于，它包括了健身和健康水平非常不同的人，这意味着每个人，无论他们是运动健将还是不爱运动，都可以从强度降低死亡率的知识中受益。“one of +可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，所以strength应用复数形式，故填strengths。
__________ (decorate) homes with red lanterns and couplets adds a vivid and warm touch to the Spring Festival atmosphere.
【答案】Decorating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：用红灯笼和对联装饰房屋为春节氛围增添了生动而温暖的感觉。“(decorate) homes with red lanterns and couplets”在句中作主语，用动名词decorating作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Decorating。
There has been a close （associate） between these two companies.
【答案】association
【解析】考查名词。句意：这两家公司之间一直有密切的联系。设空处在不定冠词a后，应填名词形式，动词associate的名词为association，作there be结构中的主语。故填association。
The newcomer’s __ (fail) to work out the technical problem didn’t make her lose heart.
【答案】failure/failing
【解析】考查名词或动名词。句意：新来者未能解决技术问题并没有让她灰心。分析句子结构可知，此处是名词所有格newcomer’s修饰的名词位置，因此需要用名词failure作主语。也可以是“名词’s+doing”动名词复合结构作主语，用动名词failing。故填failure/failing。
6．It is convenient for us __________ (collect)information related to the new programme online.
【答案】to collect
【解析】考查非谓语动词作真正的主语。句意：我们在网上收集与这个新程序相关的信息是很方便的。此处为固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth”，其中 It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以设空处应填动词不定式 to collect。故填to collect。
7． we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn.
【答案】How
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们需要学习的是如何释放内心的力量来获得成功。“______ we release that inner power for success”是主语从句，表示“如何释放内心的力量来获得成功”，空格处意为“如何”，用how引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填How。
8．There is no doubt that __________ (honest) and willingness to help others are why we become charming.
【答案】honesty
【解析】考查名词作主语。句意：毫无疑问，诚实和乐于助人的意愿是我们之所以变得有魅力的原因。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作主语，honesty，表“诚实”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填honesty。
9． (spend) time together in the garden can be a great way to exercise and have fun with your pet.
【答案】Spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：在花园里一起度过时光是一种很好的锻炼方式，同时也能和你的宠物一起享受乐趣。句中已有谓语can be且此处与谓语之间无连词连接，故设空处为非谓语动词；句中缺少主语，用动名词。设空处位于句首首字母需大写。故填Spending。
10． (learn) English is to have more opportunities in the future.
【答案】To learn
【解析】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：学习英语是为了在未来拥有更多机会。动词不定式作主语，和表语to have构成平衡结构。故填To learn。
考向02 考查谓语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·辽宁大连·期末）In summary, China’s museum boom (characterize) by a surge in visitors, widespread use of new technology and media, deepening social functions, and the ongoing development of strategies to address emerging challenges.
【答案】is characterized
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：总之，中国博物馆繁荣的特点是游客激增，新技术和媒体的广泛使用，社会功能的深化，以及应对新挑战的战略的不断发展。characterize作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语China’s museum boom为第三人称单数。故填is characterized。
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模）Higher intensity physical activity ___ (find) to be associated with lower risk of an early death from all causes, but the difference is most noticeable when it comes to cardiovascular disease.
【答案】is found
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：研究发现，高强度的体育活动与各种原因导致的早死风险较低有关，但这种差异在心血管疾病方面最为明显。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Higher intensity physical activity和谓语之间是被动语态，主语单数，谓语第三人称单数，故填is found。
3.（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）All the pictures (take) last year, when photographers from the area embarked on a remarkable journey spanning more than 5,000 kilometers.
【答案】were taken
【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：所有的照片都是去年拍摄的，当时来自该地区的摄影师们开启了一段跨越5000多公里的非凡旅程。根据时间状语last year可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语All the pictures与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were taken。
4.（2025高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）She ___ (convince) that the caves’ social importance far outweighed their economic potential and that scientific protection was the key to their survival.
【答案】was convinced
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：她深信这些石窟的社会重要性远远超过其经济潜力，并且科学保护是其生存的关键。根据句意及上下文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，与主语She为被动关系，be动词用过去式was。故填was convinced。
5.（2025·广东深圳·二模）Many of those in attendance had been interviewed previously by the filmmakers. Most were seniors, but there were also some with young children, and even a few who (fly) in from Australia.
【答案】flew
【解析】考查时态。句意：大多数是老年人，但也有一些人带着年幼的孩子，甚至还有一些人从澳大利亚飞来。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填flew。
6.（2025·山东济南·一模）Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true to one single mission-- providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international diners.
【答案】emphasized
【解析】考查动词。句意：陈新，2024年伦敦中国菜国际发展大会的首席组织者，强调伦敦正在成为真正的中国菜全球中心，始终忠于一个使命——为中国顾客提供家乡的味道，并向国际食客展示中国烹饪文化的深度。陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，设空处需要动词的过去式作谓语。故填emphasized。
7.（2025高三上·安徽阜阳·期中）Recently, the course (attract) 130 international students, including those from Britain, France, Canada, Australia, Japan and Singapore.
【答案】 has attracted
【解析】考查时态。句意：最近，该课程吸引了130名国际学生，其中包括来自英国、法国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本和新加坡的学生。根据时间状语“Recently”可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语this course为单数，谓语用单数形式。故填has attracted。
8.（2025高三下·广东深圳·阶段练习）In the past, Chinese animation (see) as products for a younger audience, with technical standards and narrative abilities which struggled to match with Hollywood or Japanese animation.
【答案】was seen
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去，中国动画被视为面向年轻观众的产品，其技术标准和叙事能力难以与好莱坞或日本动画相媲美。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In the past可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语Chinese animation和动词see之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was seen。
9.（2025·湖南·模拟）So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces (dig).
【答案】have been dug
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，从湍急的河谷到薄雾笼罩的山脉、茂密的森林和陡峭的悬崖，无论哪里有水和土壤，都可以挖出梯田。此处作谓语动词，主语为terraces，复数，主语terraces与dig之间为被动关系，且时间状语为so far，故应用现在完成时，故填have been dug。
10.（2025·四川成都·模拟）Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration,________(say) in the opening ceremony that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms of their subject matter, and artistic style, which reflected the peaceful nature of Chinese civilization.
【答案】said
【解析】考查时态。句意：国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示，中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点，反映了中国文明的和平本质。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合从句时态推断此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填said。
考向03 考查宾语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·江苏常州·一模）The practice could enhance the overall (effective) of the nourishment.
【答案】effectiveness
【解析】考查名词。句意：这种做法可以提高营养的整体有效性。设空处为名词作宾语，“effective” 的名词形式是“effectiveness”，表示“效果”，故填effectiveness。
2.（24-25高三下·江苏盐城·阶段练习） But what makes this Asian renaissance The answer lies in a unique blend of visionary leadership, economic growth and a culture of discipline and __ (resolve).
【答案】resolution
【解析】考查名词。句意：答案在于有远见的领导、经济增长以及纪律和决心的文化的独特结合。空处与discipline构成并列关系，需用名词形式，所给词resolve为动词，其名词形式为resolution，意为“决心”。故填resolution。
3.（24-25高三上·江苏·阶段练习）But what makes this Asian renaissance The answer lies in a unique blend of visionary leadership, economic growth and a culture of discipline and_________ (persevere).
【答案】perseverance
【解析】考查名词。句意：答案在于有远见的领导、经济增长以及自律和坚持不懈的文化之间的独特结合。空处与discipline构成并列关系，需用名词形式，所给词persevere为动词，其名词形式为perseverance，意为“坚持不懈”。故填perseverance。
4.（2025·全国·模拟预测） Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, which features the (combine) of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste.
【答案】combination
【解析】考查名词。句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，它的特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜结合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。根据the和of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic可知，空处应用名词combination(不可数)，作宾语。故填combination。
5.（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）One success of his work, which beat out over 48,000 (entry) from 100 countries, made him the first Chinese photographer to receive the title of wildlife photographer of the year in 2019.
【答案】 entries
【解析】考查名词。句意：他的作品击败了来自100个国家的4.8万多名参赛作品，使他成为2019年第一个获得年度野生动物摄影师称号的中国摄影师。entry“参赛作品”为可数名词，结合over 48,000可知，此处用名词复数形式entries。故填entries。
6.（2025·福建莆田·二模）Smart wearable devices have undergone a transformative journey, evolving from niche gadgets to integral (companion) in modern life.
【答案】companions
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：智能可穿戴设备经历了一段变革之旅，从小众产品发展成为现代生活中不可或缺的伴侣。从niche gadgets（小众小工具）到现代生活中不可或缺的伙伴，这里用复数companions表示“伙伴”，作宾语。故填companions。
7.（24-25高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·开学考试）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing.
【答案】solution
【解析】考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填solution。
8.（24-25高三上·福建莆田·期末）Every October, it is the harvest season for pomelo, a time when merchants flock to Duli Town to purchase the fruit. Most of these__ (merchant) are regular buyers.
【答案】merchants
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这些商家大多是常客。此处作宾语，merchant“商人”为可数名词，空前有these修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填merchants。
9.（24-25高三上·重庆·开学考试）“You can use timeless pieces as a handsome __ (found) for many aesthetic (美学的) languages,” Bush says.
【答案】foundation
【解析】考查名词。句意：布什说：“你可以用永恒的作品作为许多美学语言的漂亮基础。”作介词的宾语，应用名词foundation，不定冠词提示用单数。故填foundation。
10.（2025·山东潍坊·一模） It also makes possible the ___ （integrate）of the rich resources into the field of education, giving full play to their roles of preserving history and educating people.
【答案】integration
【解析】考查名词。句意：它也使这些丰富资源融入教育领域成为可能，充分发挥它们在保存历史和教育人民方面的作用。integration意为“融合”，空处需填其名词形式integration作make的宾语。故填integration。
考向04 考查表语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．The film star was (annoy) to know that his son was still addicted to drugs.
【答案】annoyed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位电影明星听说他的儿子仍然吸毒而感到恼火。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语。结合句意“感到恼火”是annoyed，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。故填annoyed。
2．It was too (fog) to drive anywhere, so they had to stop to have a rest at home.
【答案】foggy
【解析】考查形容词。句意：雾太大，不能开车去任何地方，所以他们不得不在家停下来休息。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意“有雾的”是foggy。故填foggy。
3．As time becomes (limit) and school work begins to pile up, many students start to feel much stressed.
【答案】limited
【解析】考查形容词。句意：随着时间变得有限，学校作业开始堆积，许多学生开始感到压力很大。设空处接在系动词become后，应用形容词作表语，表示有限的，故填limited。
4．I'm delighted to receive your invitation and I'm so (honor) to serve as your guide to the local bio-park.
【答案】honored
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我很高兴收到你的邀请，我很荣幸能作为你的导游去当地的生物公园。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，表示“荣幸的”，故填honored。
5．This annual activity is always tiring but (reward), so I sincerely invite you to go with us.
【答案】rewarding
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这项年度活动总是很累但很有意义，所以我真诚地邀请你和我们一起去。此处为形容词作表语，根据空前的but可知，空处与tiring并列，应用reward的形容词形式rewarding，意为“有意义的，值得的”。故填rewarding。
6．We will see our Chinese enterprises becoming more and more (compete) internationally, and our motherland getting stronger than ever before.
【答案】competitive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们将看到我们的中国企业在国际上变得越来越有竞争力，我们的祖国变得比以往任何时候都强大。设空处接在系动词后，应用形容词比较级作表语，表示“有竞争力的”，故填competitive。
7．I am convinced that the exhibition is sure to be (impress) and you will be deeply moved by their devotion and selflessness.
【答案】impressive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我坚信这次展览一定会令人印象深刻，您也会被他们的奉献精神和无私品质深深打动。空处用形容词作表语，表示“令人印象深刻的”用impressive。故填impressive。
8．I received your message about the difficulties you’re facing in your studies, and I truly understand how (challenge) it can be.
【答案】challenging
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我收到了你关于你在学习中面临的困难的信息，我真正理解这是多么具有挑战性。在从句中作表语，修饰“在学习中面临困难”这件事，用形容词challenging，故填challenging。
9．I’m (delight) to hear about your plan to launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestions.
【答案】delighted
【解析】考查形容词。句意：听说你计划开展英语阅读活动，我很高兴。以下是我的建议。空处应填形容词作表语，delighted“高兴的”，形容词，故填delighted。
10．What’s more, we are (create) and can keep up with modern science and technology.
【答案】creative
【解析】考查形容词。句意：此外，我们富有创造力，能够跟上现代科学技术的发展。are是系动词，后面需接形容词creative“富有创造力的”作表语，故填creative。
考向05 考查补语、状语、同位语、插入语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．With the demand from wholesalers (grow) rapidly, the couple are constantly busy improving their products.
【答案】growing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于批发商的需求增长迅速，这对夫妇一直在不断努力改进他们的产品。此处grow与demand构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填growing。
2．My son will turn 15 next week. I want to give him something special, but I have no idea I should buy.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我儿子下周就15岁了。我想给他一些特别的东西，但我不知道该买什么。设空处引导同位语从句，解释“idea”的内容，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“买的东西”，因此应用what引导该从句，what在从句中作宾语。故填what。
3．As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, you might ask yourself a question you should start your own business.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：当你开始为自己的未来做计划时，你可能会问自己一个问题：你是否应该自己创业。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词question的具体内容；此处表示“是否”，应用whether引导该从句。故填whether
4．You should open up your mind to the fact language represents a cultural world view.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：你应该敞开心扉接受语言代表一种文化世界观这一事实。分析句子可知，设空处引导同位语从句，对名词the fact进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，因此应用that引导该同位语从句，that在从句中只起连接作用，无实际意义。故填that。
5． (conclude), we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia. Let’s work together to make it a reality.
【答案】To conclude
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：总之，我们对亚洲更加光明的未来充满信心。让我们共同努力，将其实现。结合句意，此处需要使用结论性的引导词，根据提示词conclude可知，此处应为固定短语to conclude意为“总之”，位于句首，to的首字母需大写。故填To conclude。
6．It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is (respective) 65% and 50%.
【答案】respectively
【解析】考查副词。句意：可以看出，选择听英文歌曲和看英文电影的学生比例分别是65%和50%。本空修饰后面的数值65% and 50%，作状语，用副词respectively“分别地”。故填respectively。
7． （be）honest, I was surprised he knew where I was—I moved so often.
【答案】To be
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：老实说，我很惊讶他竟然知道我住在哪里，因为我经常搬家。to be honest意为“老实说，实话说”，故填To be。
8． ____ (frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team.
【答案】Frankly
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，他不是这个团队合适的领导者。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“frankly speaking”，意为“坦率地说”，故空格处应用“frank”的副词形式“frankly”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Frankly。
9．It scared me to see a whale (attack) by a pack of about six other killers at that time.
【答案】being attacked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意： 看到一只鲸鱼被另外六只杀手鲸攻击，我吓了一跳。分析句子，see sb. doing为固定用法，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，该空所给动词attack(攻击)在句中作see的宾语a whale 的补足语，被动关系，应使用现在分词的被动式，see sb.being done 结构表示“看到……正在被……”。故填being attacked。
10．Now it is home to (approximate) 300 folk houses,20 temples and ancestral halls, and 10 opera stages.
【答案】approximately
【解析】考查副词。句意：现在这里有大约300座民宅，20座寺庙和祠堂，以及10个戏台。设空处修饰后面的数词作状语，应用副词形式，表示“大约”，故填approximately。
11.Thank you so much for your call and keep me (inform) in terms of what you’re doing.
【答案】informed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：非常感谢您的来电，希望您一切顺利，并请随时告知我您目前的进展情况。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定搭配，空处需填非谓语动词，动词inform与其逻辑主语me之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填informed。
12．It is a great relief that he has been admitted to his ideal university, (major) in civil engineering.
【答案】majoring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人欣慰的是，他被自己理想的大学录取了，主修土木工程专业。that he has been admitted to his ideal university, ______in civil engineering是that引导的主语从句，he是主语，has been admitted是谓语动词，括号内给的是动词，但空前无并列连词，该动词要变为非谓语动词形式。由于 ______in civil engineering作主语补足语，对主语he作补充说明，它们是逻辑上的主谓关系，即“他主修土木工程专业”，要用现在分词形式，直接在major的词尾加-ing。故填majoring。
【语法填空答案】
1．yourselves 2．bags 3．arranged 4．be expected 5．had 6．hardly 7．smiling 8．the 9．more 10．out
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰提出让伯纳德卖爆米花的主意，大家一起准备，伯纳德生意成功的故事。
1．考查反身代词。句意：如果你们自己给他爆玉米花，你们可以每周六早上送他去。此处主语为you，结合下文中的复数名词children可知说话对象是“你们”，此处表示“你们自己”，用反身代词yourselves，强调亲自做某事。故填yourselves。
2．考查名词复数。句意：很快，孩子们忙着爆玉米花，而他们的妈妈出去买纸袋。bag为可数名词，此处表示不止一个纸袋，用复数形式bags。故填bags。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当伯纳德到达时，玉米都爆好了，纸袋也装满了，并且被整理在篮子里。此处为非谓语动词形式作状语，逻辑主语the paper bags与arrange为被动关系，用过去分词arranged，与“filled”并列，构成“名词+过去分词”的独立主格结构，故填arranged。
4．考查动词语态。句意：比预期快得多，他带着空篮子回来了。此处为谓语动词，could后接动词原形，且he与expect之间是被动关系。故填be expected。
5．考查倒装句和时态。句意：他一生中从未赚过这么多钱。否定词Never置于句首，句子用部分倒装；根据“before in his life”可知，用过去完成时，将助动词had提至主语前。故填had。
6．考查副词。句意：当他发现这一切都是他的时，他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他灿烂的笑脸说明了一切。此处修饰动词speak，结合句意，此处表示“几乎不”，用hardly。故填hardly。
7．考查形容词。句意：当他发现这一切都是他的时，他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他灿烂的笑脸说明了一切。此处修饰名词face，形容词smiling微笑的，符合题意，故填smiling。
8．考查冠词。句意：人们开始期待这个“小爆米花男孩”，每周他至少有50美分带回家，而且常常更多。此处特指前面提到的Bernard，用定冠词the。故填the。
9．考查形容词比较级。句意：人们开始期待这个“小爆米花男孩”，每周他至少有50美分带回家，而且常常更多。结合语境，此处表示“比50美分更多”，用much的比较级more。故填more。
10．考查固定短语。句意：这一切都归功于约翰的好主意以及他实施这个主意的方式。此处为固定搭配carry out，意为“实施”，所以用out。故填out。

展开更多......

收起↑