资源简介

(共77张PPT)
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
主题语境　人际沟通
选择性必修第一册
Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破
1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→ adj.不同的;各种各样的→ n.多样性;变化;种类
various
variety
(1)vary from...to...在……到……之间变化;从……到……不等
vary in sth. 在某方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
(2)a variety of=varieties of 多种多样的
①A wide (vary) of after-school activities will broaden our horizons and enrich the school life.
②As an interview program, we often invite special guests to share opinions on (vary) topics.
③我有各种各样的爱好,从打篮球到读短篇故事不等。我的梦想是开设自己的公司。(自我介绍)
I have___________________________________________________ ________________________________. My dream is to start my own company.
variety
various
a variety of/varieties of/various hobbies,varying from playing
basketball to reading short stories
2.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→ n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准→ v.不赞成;不同意
approval
disapprove
(1)approve of (sb./sb.’s doing) sth.赞成/同意(某人做)某事
approve sth. 批准某事
(2)give one’s approval to sth. 某人批准某事
win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意
①You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve it.
②I would appreciate it if my application could get your ________ (approve).
③经过热烈的讨论,老师最终同意我们制作一段视频来记录我们的在校经历。
→After a heated discussion, the teacher finally ________________ __________________________ _ at school.(approval)
→After a heated discussion, the teacher finally _________________ _______________________________________at school.(approve)
of
approval
gave his approval to
us making a video to record our experiences
making a video to record our experiences
approved of us/our
3.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人
(1)witness sth./that...目击……
(2)(a) witness to sth.……的目击者/证明/证据
(3)时间/地点名词+witness+sth.……目睹/见证了某事
①What the police did first was to question all the (witness) involved in the accident last week.
②The crowd erupted in applause, their hearts filled with joy and gratitude for being witness such a remarkable rescue.
③(2023·浙江1月卷)上周日见证我参加了学生会组织的一项名为“认识我们身边的植物”的有意义的活动。(拟人)
Last Sunday ____________________________________________
named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” organized by the Student Union.
witnesses
to
witnessed my participating in a meaningful activity
4.favour (NAmE -vor)vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同→_____________ adj.赞成的;有利的→ adj.最喜欢的
favourable
favourite
(1)ask sb. a favour=ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb.帮某人忙
owe sb. a favour欠某人的人情
(2)in favour of同意;支持;赞成
in one’s favour对某人有利
(3)be favourable for/to对……有利
①We were delighted that the weather conditions were ___________ (favour) for the outdoor event.
②得知大多数同学都不赞成我这个周末去野餐的计划,我很沮丧。
Knowing that most of my classmates __________________________
to go for a picnic this weekend, I was upset.
favourable
were not in favour of my plan
③我渴望学好英语,但我不知道怎么学,所以我写信请你帮忙,并且我相信你的建议会对我大有帮助。(求助信)
I long to study English well, but I don’t know how, so I’m writing to ________________________________and I believe your suggestions will be greatly helpful to me.
④我从这段经历中学到了:机会和成功青睐于那些已经准备好了的人。(主旨升华)
I learned from this experience that____________________________ ________________________.
ask you a favour/ask a favour of you
opportunities and success favour
those who are ready
5.occupy vt.占用;占领;占据→ adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→ n.占领;职业
occupied
occupation
(1)occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事;专心(做)某事
(2)be occupied with (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事
be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事
①Choosing an (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
②The students were occupied in preparing for their exams and had no time for extracurricular activities.
→ preparing for their exams, the students had no time for extracurricular activities.(现在分词短语作状语)
→ preparing for their exams, the students had no time for extracurricular activities.(过去分词短语作状语)
occupation
Occupying themselves in
Occupied in
6.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→ adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
distinguished
(1)distinguish between A and B　区分A和B
distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself as/to be作为……而出名
(2)be distinguished for/as...因/作为……而出名
①Before birth, babies can distinguish their mother’s voice that of a female stranger.
②Hangzhou is distinguished for its attractive scenery and it witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
→ , Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(分词短语作状语)
from
Distinguished for its attractive scenery
③孔子是中国人民的骄傲,他作为中国历史上一位著名的思想家、教育家和哲学家而闻名。(人物介绍)
Confucius is the pride of the Chinese people who _______________ ______________________________________________________________ _in Chinese history.
himself/was distinguished as a famous thinker, educator and
distinguished
philosopher
7.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→ n.调整;适应→ adj.可调节的;可调整的
adjustment
adjustable
(1)adjust (oneself) to (doing)...适应……;习惯……
adjust...to...调整……以适应……
(2)make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整
①Some schools will make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
②The company offers (adjust) working hours to accommodate to employees’ personal schedules.
③我知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难,所以我写信给你一些建议。(建议信)
Knowing that ____________ ________________, I’m writing to give you some tips.
adjustments
adjustable
you have some difficulties adjusting yourself to the
new school life
8.break down分解;(机器等)损坏,出故障;(谈判)失败;(身体)垮掉;消除;打破
break away (from) 离开;脱离
break in (不及物)插嘴;闯入
break into (及物)闯入;突然……起来
break out爆发
break up分散;拆散;驱散;分手
break through突破;克服
用break相关短语的正确形式填空
①Thieves , stole some valuable items and then ran into the crowd. The police the crowd, attempting to catch them.
②The war after years of tension. Finally the province ________________ the country and formed a new state.
③There was a time when she and cried under the pressure of work but at last she the difficulties and achieved her goals.
broke in
broke up
broke away from
broke down
broke through
broke out
9.have+宾语+宾语补足语
本句中“has his head lowered”为“have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
常见的“have+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构有:
(1)have sth. done让/叫别人做某事;遭遇某种(不幸的)事情;使某事完成
(2)have sb. do sth.让某人做某事
(3)have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式作定语)
(4)have sb. doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事”时,常用于否定句中;意为“让某人一直做某事”时,强调动作的持续性。
[教材原句]　So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.如果一个学生把头低下去看手表,那就表明他厌烦了,只是在数着时间等下课。
①You can’t have your children (run) around in the house.
②There is no need to worry.I will have Tom (pick) you up at the airport.
③我打算做一份兼职工作,通过这份工作我想开阔我的眼界。
I intend to take up a part-time job, through which I’d like to_______ __________________.
running
pick
horizons broadened
have my
④我很抱歉周五下午不能和你一起去书店了。我刚发现那天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。(道歉信)
I’m terribly sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.I have just found that________________________ _____________________________.
to attend that afternoon
I have an important meeting
10.部分否定
(1)部分否定:当all、both、each、every、everybody、everyone、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时,便构成了部分否定结构,意为“不是……都;并非……都”。
(2)全部否定:当neither、no one、no、none、never、nothing、no more、no longer、no way、not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时,构成全部否定结构。
[教材原句]　Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
①事实是并不是每个人都把时间管理看得很重要。
→The truth is that ________________________________________time management.
→The truth is that time management.
②汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐,但是他们两个都不想去,因为他们都忙于他们的工作。
Tom asked Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but____________ ________________, because they were occupied with their work.
not everyone is attaching great importance to
everyone is not attaching great importance to
them wanted to
neither of
Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.We are often ashamed __ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
2.I was wondering if you could do us favour by guiding us to polish a short play.
3.With the time for graduation (approach), we are occupied with our papers.
4.The activity is aimed to call on students (take) exercise for an hour every day.
of
a
approaching
to take
5.Don’t bother ___ (look) for my umbrella,and it will turn up some day.
to look/looking
6.The team is working on technical (adjust) to improve the software’s performance.
7.She kept herself fully (occupy) with volunteer work during her retirement.
8.The past 40 years (witness) great improvement in people’s life thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.
adjustments
occupied
have witnessed
9.There are (vary) opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, but the most popular one is related to the poet Qu Yuan.
10.After much debate, the proposal gained the (approve) of the staff present at the meeting.
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式
1.我写信给你是想知道你能否帮助我。
The reason why I am writing to you is that I wonder if____________ ___________________________.
various
approval
me a favour/do a favour for me
you could do
2.困扰我的事情是我很难让自己适应新的环境。
What bothers me is that I have much trouble in_________________ _______________________.
3.我非常理解你。毕竟,并不是我们所有人都有能力很快适应新的环境。
I understand you quite well. After all, ______________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________soon.
the new surroundings
adjusting myself to
to adapt to the new surroundings/all of us don’t have the ability
not all of us have the ability
to adapt to the new surroundings
4.我呼吁你加入一个学校俱乐部,在那里,你可以交一些新朋友。
I ______ where you can make some new friends.
5.俱乐部会举办各种各样的活动,以此丰富你的校园生活。
__________________________________to enrich your school life.
appeal to you to join a school club
Various activities are held in the club
Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练
培优1　单元话题写作——手势语
　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
　　Last Saturday witnessed a heated discussion about the importance of body language in cross-culture communication.
Most students were ① ___________(赞成) the idea that body language varies from country to country.For example, nodding implies disagreement in some countries;② ___________(相比之下), it means approval in others.But ③ ___________________________________ (并不是所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义;部分否定), thus posing understanding problems in communication.Smile is a universal body language that can ④ (消除许多语言障碍).
in favour of
by contrast
not all body language has opposite meanings
break down many language barriers
To promote cross-culture communication, we should use body language appropriately and ⑤ (作出一些调整) when necessary.
make some adjustments
教材语料运用　【邂逅善良的陌生人】
　　一个女孩骑自行车撞倒了一位老奶奶。女孩懒得扶她起来,而是愤怒地责备她。然后,她就骑着车走了。片刻之后,女孩发现后座上的运动鞋丢了。令她吃惊的是,老奶奶正在焦急万分地等她。
A girl riding a bike knocked down an old granny.The girl didn’t bother to help her up but blamed her in anger.Then the girl rode away.A moment later, the girl ① ___________________________
________________(find+宾语+宾语补足语).To her surprise, the old granny was waiting for her ② ______________ (介词短语).
found her sports shoes on the
backseat missing
with great anxiety
培优2　提升续写能力
女孩是如此羞愧和尴尬,她低着头,盯着地面,感觉血液涌上了脸庞。女孩终于崩溃了,止不住地哭起来。老奶奶俯下身,温柔地抚摸着她的头,安慰着她。
③ ______________________________
________(so...that 倒装句) she ④____________________(have+宾语+宾语补足语) and stared at the ground, ⑤ _____________________________(分词短语作状语).The girl finally broke down and wept without control.The old granny ⑥ ________________________________ _____________________(动作链).
So ashamed and embarrassed was the
girl that
had her head lowered
feeling the blood rush to her face
bent forward, stroked her head gently
and comforted her
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
　　(2024·河北保定一模)Politicians, business bosses, and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands, but does the habit influence how others interpret those words To get to the bottom of it, a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of experiments on volunteers who viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand movements.
After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions, the researchers asked them questions about what they had heard. Some conditions involved the speaker stressing different parts of words in a sentence. Other conditions involved the speaker making various types of hand gestures, such as pointing and sweeping movements. The team recorded the volunteers as they viewed the video recordings, questioning the volunteers afterward about what they had seen and heard.
Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables (音节) spoken with the conjunction of hand gestures: In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred.
Body language expert Carol Goman said, “Studies have found that speaking with your hands really can change the view of your character. People who communicate through active gesturing tend to be considered warm, agreeable, and energetic, while those who remain still are seen as logical, cold, and analytic. In fact, a 2015 study that studied TED Talks, which posts international talks online, found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many gestures as the least popular speakers used.”
The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of in-person communication and have a direct impact on what the listener hears. Furthermore, they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.
　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现,在谈话中使用或不使用手势会对听众产生很大影响。
1.What’s the researchers’ purpose of doing the experiments (　　)
A.To examine the volunteers’ interpreting skills.
B.To test the effect hand gestures have on speaking.
C.To record the volunteers’ questions for the speaker.
D.To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders.
B
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段可知,研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话的影响。故选B。
1
2
3
4
2.What did the researchers find in the experiments (　　)
A.Hand movements affected what the listener heard.
B.The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence.
C.People speaking with different hand gestures had different effects.
D.The most popular speakers used more gestures than the least popular speakers did.
A
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred. (……然而,有趣的是,当说的话和手势不匹配时,志愿者听到错误声音的可能性要高出40%)”可知,研究人员在实验中发现手的动作会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。
1
2
3
4
3.What does the underlined word “conjunction” mean in paragraph 3 (　　)
A.Assistance.　　　　　　 B.Combination.
C.Disturbance. D.Interpretation.
B
1
2
3
4
解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. (在20%的案例中,观众更有可能听到并理解结合手势所说的话)”可推知,此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合的音节的影响,所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。
1
2
3
4
4.What may the researchers agree with (　　)
A.Gestures can influence others’ view on one’s personality.
B.Understanding gestures is a must in every language.
C.In-person communication helps interpret gestures.
D.Responses to gestures are learning behavior.
D
1
2
3
4
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore, they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.”可推知,研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了仅仅通过短信交流而带来的一些问题,比如缺少语调、缺乏肢体语言,以及不同的短信交流节奏、符号和动画带来的问题等。
　 (2024·云南昆明 “三诊一模”教学质检)It’s common to communicate by way of text, and that works well for everything from setting plans with a friend to asking you to pick up a grocery item. 1(　　) Fighting over text can cause problems and can even break up friendships or partnerships. Ahead, we’ll examine why.
A.Body language is absent.
B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone.
C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse.
D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange.
E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion.
F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far.
G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction.
1.答案:F
解析:上文的“It’s common to communicate by way of text”说明通过发短信沟通是很普遍的现象,下文谈到“Fighting over text”,故F项“然而,我们可能过于重视通过短信进行沟通了”承上启下,符合语境。
There’s no vocal tone involved.
When we speak, the person we’re talking to can tell how serious or light we are by our tones. 2(　　) Everything is flat in writing, so without vocal tones to clarify, it’s easy to assume the worst in someone and their intentions.
A.Body language is absent.
B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone.
C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse.
D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange.
E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion.
F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far.
G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction.
2.答案:B
解析:根据标题“There’s no vocal tone involved.”可知,本段主要讲述短信没有音调,B项“另一方面,短信没有语气”与标题表达的意思一致。
3(　　)
We also communicate in person through nonverbal ways. How we act physically lets others know how we feel, and without that in text, an argument can be worsened to a terrible point without one person even becoming aware of how upset the other is.
A.Body language is absent.
B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone.
C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse.
D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange.
E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion.
F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far.
G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction.
3.答案:A
解析:段落标题句。本段中的“How we act physically lets others know how we feel”说明我们的肢体行为让别人知道我们的感受。“act physically”指的就是A项中的“Body language”,也就是说通过短信交流,肢体语言是缺乏的,对方不知道你的感受,一个人甚至不会意识到另一个人有多沮丧。故选A。
Different communication paces affect a lot.
4(　　) And when arguing, it can get even faster. It happens not to read all of a person’s reply before you respond again, and the more upset you get, the harder it may be to express yourself clearly or to understand the person you’re fighting with.
A.Body language is absent.
B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone.
C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse.
D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange.
E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion.
F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far.
G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction.
4.答案:D
解析:根据空后的“And when arguing, it can get even faster.”可知,D项中的“a quick back-and-forth exchange”与空后意思吻合,表明发短信通常是一种快速的来回交流方式,而在争吵时,它可能会变得更快。
Emojis and gifs can be hurtful.
In the same way that visual communication tools like emojis and gifs can add fun to conversations, they can also make things much worse in a text disagreement. It can be challenging to know when you’ve taken emojis or gifs to a hurtful place, especially if the other person holds in that information and doesn’t tell you at the moment. 5(　　)
5.答案:E
解析:根据本段标题可知,本段主要讲述表情符号和动态图画可能会造成伤害。上文谈到知道你什么时候因使用表情符号或动态图画而伤人是很有挑战性的,特别是如果对方掌握了这些信息并且当下没有告诉你的时候。E项“如果他在讨论中感到不安全,就可能会发生这种情况”符合逻辑。E项的“discussion”和本段中的“in a text disagreement”意思相吻合,同时E项中的“he”指代上文的“the other person”。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦腔的起源及其艺术特色和发展。
　 (2024·湖北武汉三模)Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north-west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its neighboring regions, like Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It has the most ancient and 1　　　　　　　 (large) musical system of all Chinese operas.
1.答案:largest
解析:考查形容词的最高级。根据上文the most ancient及连词and可知,空处应与上文一致,使用形容词最高级形式largest,表示“规模最大的”。故填largest。
2　　　　　　　 (arise) from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, 3　　　　　　　 is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first appeared in the Qin Dynasty. 4_____________ (it) time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation 5　　　　　　　 the forefather of Chinese operas.
2.答案:Arising
解析:考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语appeared,空处应为非谓语动词作状语,arise与逻辑主语the opera之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,使用现在分词形式作状语,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Arising。
3.答案:which
解析:考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the Yellow River Valley,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
4.答案:Its
解析:考查代词。空处作定语,修饰time-honored history,应用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Its。
5.答案:as
解析:考查介词。结合语意可知,此处表示作为百戏之祖,空处应用介词as,表示“作为”,符合题意。故填as。
Its contents usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略的) wars, as well as a number of other 6　　　　　　　 (topic) of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people.
6.答案:topics
解析:考查名词复数。topic为可数名词,根据a number of other及句意可知,空处应用名词复数形式。故填topics。
Qinqiang Opera is also one of the earliest operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. 7　　　　　(equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera has influenced other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and 8　　　　　　(direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during 9　　　　　　　 rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) 10　　　　　　　 (distribute) throughout the country.
7.答案:Equipped
解析:考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语has influenced,空处应为非谓语动词作状语,equip与逻辑主语Qinqiang Opera之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词形式作状语,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Equipped。
8.答案:directly
解析:考查词性转换。空处修饰动词affected,应用副词directly作状语。故填directly。
9.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。空后rule被介词短语修饰,表示特指,结合语意可知,此处表示“乾隆皇帝统治时期”,所以空处应用定冠词the。故填the。
10.答案:were distributed
解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据主句中thrived可知,句子使用一般过去时;distribute与其逻辑主语Qinqiang troupes之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;且主语Qinqiang troupes是复数,be动词使用were。故填were distributed。

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