资源简介 高考英语复习之定语从句专项练习一、知识脉络二、考情分析2020 - 2025 年高考英语语法填空定语从句年度考查详情年份 卷别 考查考点 答案 考查核心语境2025 全国Ⅰ卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代围棋,说明其 起源2025 全国Ⅱ卷 关系副词 where 修饰浙江农村,表地点状语2025 浙江卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代非正式服装2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰丝绸之路相关 路径2024 全国甲卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代阿拉斯加的弗 兰格尔 - 圣伊莱亚 斯公园第 1 页,共 6 页2024 浙江 1 月卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰商店定价的方 式2023 全国甲卷 关系副词;特殊关 系词 where;as where 修饰具体地 点;as 引导定语从 句2023 全国乙卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰北京这座城市2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that 修饰大熊猫国家公 园内的所有物种2022 全国甲卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) who 指代定语从句中的 人2021 新高考Ⅱ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰大量使用塑料 的公司2021 天津卷 介词+关系代词 from which 结合动词搭配推导介词2020 全国Ⅰ卷 关系副词 where 修饰相关地点名词2020 全国Ⅲ卷 特殊关系词(表所 属) whose 体现名词间的所属 关系2020 - 2025 年高考英语语法填空定语从句考点分布统计考查考点 考查次数 占比 核心考查内容关系代词 (that/which/who) 10 约 62.5% that/which 指代物,在 从句中作主语;who 指 代人,适配不同从句类 型关系副词(where) 4 约 25% 均修饰具体地点名词,在从句中作地点状语特殊结构及关系词 2 约 12.5% 含 whose 表所属、as引导从句及“介词+关系代词”结构三、考点精析考点 1 关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用who 人 主语、宾语whom 人 宾语which 物 主语、宾语that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语whose 人或物 定语第 2 页,共 6 页as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语The air that we breathe in is getting fresher and fresher.我们吸进的空气变得越来越新鲜。His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。2.that 和 which 的用法区别只用 that 的情况 先行词是 all, few, little, much, anything, nothing 等不定代词时先行词被 the only, the very, the same, all 等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有物时只用which 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物,且前有介词时The result was not the same as they had expected, which was rather disappointing.结果与他们预期的不一样,这让人觉得很失望。3.as 和 which 的区别as 引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句前、中、后,as 常译为“正as 如……,正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为 see, know, expect, say,mention, report 等which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时,只能置于主句which 后,常译为“这一点,这件事”等,which 引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系“You can't judge a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样:“人不可貌相。”as 用在限制性定语从句中时,先行词必须有 such, so, as 或 the same 等修饰,且as 在从句中作宾语时不能省略。考点 2 关系副词引导的定语从句在从句关系副词 先行词中的作用第 3 页,共 6 页when 时间名词 时间状语地点名词或抽象名词where (situation, point, activity, 地点状语case, stage 等)why the reason 原因状语We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may bebetter.我们将把公园野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday 你知道他昨天没有参加会议的原因吗?考点 3 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用 which 或 whom,且不能省略。Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school educationdepends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在 9 月 30 日之前你必须缴付账单。2.“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级+of+which/whom”引导的定语从句,表示部分与整体的关系。Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none ofwhich has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论,这些理论尚未得到证实。3.在非限制性定语从句中,whose 修饰物时可以换为“the+名词+of which”;修饰人时,可以换为“the+名词+of whom”。The newly-built café,the walls of which (=whose walls) are painted light green, isreally a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆,墙被刷成了浅绿色,对我们来说,真是一个安静的地方,特别是在辛苦工作后。第 4 页,共 6 页【技巧点拨】1.确定是定语从句设空处无提示词;空前的主句完整,空后的句子不完整;且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用,就要考虑填定语从句关系词。2.掌握“3 步法”解题技巧(1)分清限制与非限制。在先行词的后面出现逗号的,是非限制性定语从句。(2)寻找先行词,判断属性(指人还是指物,表示时间、地点还是原因)。(3)判断所缺成分,确定关系词。四、备考策略与解题步骤· 核心原则:"缺什么成分,补什么连接词" 。· 解题步骤:1. 找出先行词:迅速定位空格前的名词或代词,即被定语从句修饰的对象。2. 分析从句成分:将先行词代入定语从句中,看它在从句中充当什么句子成分(主语、宾语、状语还是定语)。3. 综合判断关系词:· 缺少主语、宾语或表语:考虑使用关系代词 (that, which, who, whom)。· 缺少定语:考虑使用 whose。· 缺少时间、地点或原因状语:考虑使用关系副词 (when, where, why)。· 如果从句主干完整,仅缺少一个介词短语作状语(如 in the place),则很可能填"介词 + which/whom"。· 特别注意以下易错点:· 只能用 that 的情况:当先行词是不定代词(如 all, much, everything)、或被序数词、最高级等修饰时,通常只用 that 。· 非限制性定语从句:从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。that 不能引导这类从句 。指代整个主句时,常用 which 或 as 。· "介词 + 关系代词"结构:关键在于判断从句中的固定动词或形容词搭配,比如"for whom" 源于 "for sb.","from which" 源于 "choose from" 。五、真题重现[2025 北京·高考真题]However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left (leave)over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, accounted for about 8% of the total global第 5 页,共 6 页gas release in 2024.[2025 河北等地·高考真题]An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, orweiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.[2025 浙江·高考真题]阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, sheplans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddingsabroad, with a longer-term rental period.[2024 四川等地·高考真题]Yellowstone was the largest(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.[2024 新课标一卷·高考真题]The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design, to housethe plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps alongthe Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to definemuch of the (rich) of gardening in England.[2023 北京·高考真题]Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands wereattending a water conference.[2023 河南等地·高考真题]But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paceddevelopment of modern life, with 21st-century architectural (wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.[2022 河北等地·高考真题]The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species livewithin the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.[2022 北京·高考真题]That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of are only good for one use.第 6 页,共 6 页高考英语复习之定语从句专项练习一、知识脉络二、考情分析2020 - 2025 年高考英语语法填空定语从句年度考查详情年份 卷别 考查考点 答案 考查核心语境2025 全国Ⅰ卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代围棋,说明其 起源2025 全国Ⅱ卷 关系副词 where 修饰浙江农村,表地点状语2025 浙江卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代非正式服装2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰丝绸之路相关 路径2024 全国甲卷 非限制性定语从句 (关系代词) which 指代阿拉斯加的弗 兰格尔 - 圣伊莱亚 斯公园第 1 页,共 8 页2024 浙江 1 月卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰商店定价的方 式2023 全国甲卷 关系副词;特殊关 系词 where;as where 修饰具体地 点;as 引导定语从 句2023 全国乙卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰北京这座城市2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that 修饰大熊猫国家公 园内的所有物种2022 全国甲卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) who 指代定语从句中的 人2021 新高考Ⅱ卷 限制性定语从句 (关系代词) that/which 修饰大量使用塑料 的公司2021 天津卷 介词+关系代词 from which 结合动词搭配推导介词2020 全国Ⅰ卷 关系副词 where 修饰相关地点名词2020 全国Ⅲ卷 特殊关系词(表所 属) whose 体现名词间的所属 关系2020 - 2025 年高考英语语法填空定语从句考点分布统计考查考点 考查次数 占比 核心考查内容关系代词 (that/which/who) 10 约 62.5% that/which 指代物,在 从句中作主语;who 指 代人,适配不同从句类 型关系副词(where) 4 约 25% 均修饰具体地点名词,在从句中作地点状语特殊结构及关系词 2 约 12.5% 含 whose 表所属、as引导从句及“介词+关系代词”结构三、考点精析考点 1 关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用who 人 主语、宾语whom 人 宾语which 物 主语、宾语that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语whose 人或物 定语第 2 页,共 8 页as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语The air that we breathe in is getting fresher and fresher.我们吸进的空气变得越来越新鲜。His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。2.that 和 which 的用法区别只用 that 的情况 先行词是 all, few, little, much, anything, nothing 等不定代词时先行词被 the only, the very, the same, all 等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有物时只用which 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物,且前有介词时The result was not the same as they had expected, which was rather disappointing.结果与他们预期的不一样,这让人觉得很失望。3.as 和 which 的区别as 引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句前、中、后,as 常译为“正as 如……,正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为 see, know, expect, say,mention, report 等which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时,只能置于主句which 后,常译为“这一点,这件事”等,which 引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系“You can't judge a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样:“人不可貌相。”as 用在限制性定语从句中时,先行词必须有 such, so, as 或 the same 等修饰,且as 在从句中作宾语时不能省略。考点 2 关系副词引导的定语从句在从句关系副词 先行词中的作用第 3 页,共 8 页when 时间名词 时间状语地点名词或抽象名词where (situation, point, activity, 地点状语case, stage 等)why the reason 原因状语We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may bebetter.我们将把公园野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday 你知道他昨天没有参加会议的原因吗?考点 3 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用 which 或 whom,且不能省略。Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school educationdepends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在 9 月 30 日之前你必须缴付账单。2.“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级+of+which/whom”引导的定语从句,表示部分与整体的关系。Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none ofwhich has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论,这些理论尚未得到证实。3.在非限制性定语从句中,whose 修饰物时可以换为“the+名词+of which”;修饰人时,可以换为“the+名词+of whom”。The newly-built café,the walls of which (=whose walls) are painted light green, isreally a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆,墙被刷成了浅绿色,对我们来说,真是一个安静的地方,特别是在辛苦工作后。第 4 页,共 8 页【技巧点拨】1.确定是定语从句设空处无提示词;空前的主句完整,空后的句子不完整;且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用,就要考虑填定语从句关系词。2.掌握“3 步法”解题技巧(1)分清限制与非限制。在先行词的后面出现逗号的,是非限制性定语从句。(2)寻找先行词,判断属性(指人还是指物,表示时间、地点还是原因)。(3)判断所缺成分,确定关系词。四、备考策略与解题步骤· 核心原则:"缺什么成分,补什么连接词" 。· 解题步骤:1. 找出先行词:迅速定位空格前的名词或代词,即被定语从句修饰的对象。2. 分析从句成分:将先行词代入定语从句中,看它在从句中充当什么句子成分(主语、宾语、状语还是定语)。3. 综合判断关系词:· 缺少主语、宾语或表语:考虑使用关系代词 (that, which, who, whom)。· 缺少定语:考虑使用 whose。· 缺少时间、地点或原因状语:考虑使用关系副词 (when, where, why)。· 如果从句主干完整,仅缺少一个介词短语作状语(如 in the place),则很可能填"介词 + which/whom"。· 特别注意以下易错点:· 只能用 that 的情况:当先行词是不定代词(如 all, much, everything)、或被序数词、最高级等修饰时,通常只用 that 。· 非限制性定语从句:从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。that 不能引导这类从句 。指代整个主句时,常用 which 或 as 。· "介词 + 关系代词"结构:关键在于判断从句中的固定动词或形容词搭配,比如"for whom" 源于 "for sb.","from which" 源于 "choose from" 。五、真题重现[2025 北京·高考真题]However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left (leave)over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, accounted for about 8% of the total global第 5 页,共 8 页gas release in 2024.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意:然而,根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告,去年游客留下了超过 13 亿吨的食物垃圾,约占 2024 年全球气体排放总量的 8%。此句为非限制性定语从句,先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用 which 引导。故填 which。[2025 河北等地·高考真题]An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, orweiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋(中文称为“围棋”),它起源 4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词为 Go, or weiqi in Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。[2025 浙江·高考真题]阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, sheplans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddingsabroad, with a longer-term rental period.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装,而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服,她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱,提供给旅行者,比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人,并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词 less formal clothing,指物,关系词将其代入从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which 引导从句。故填 which。[2024 四川等地·高考真题]Yellowstone was the largest(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 Wrangell Saint Elias,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词 which引导该从句。故填 which。[2024 新课标一卷·高考真题]The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to housethe plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps alongthe Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define第 6 页,共 8 页much of the richness (rich) of gardening in England.【答案】which/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:Mark Woodruff 补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which 或 that 引导从句。故填 which/that。[2023 北京·高考真题]Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands wereattending a water conference.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:最近,尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动,数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 Chicago,在从句中作地点状语,故填 where。[2023 河南等地·高考真题]But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paceddevelopment of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders (wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.【答案】that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意为:除了它的古建筑外,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并肩而立。 分析句子结构可知,______ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life 是定语从句,修饰先行词 place,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词;先行词指物,关系词应用 that 或 which。故填 that/which。【方法点拨】当先行词是地点名词时,使用关系代词还是关系副词关键是看关系词在定语从句中作的成分。(1)如果先行词可以直接带入定语从句中,且带入后在从句中充当主语/宾语/表语,则用关系代词。如:This is the city (which/that) you visited last year.中定语从句所修饰的先行词是the city;将先行词带入定语从句 you visited last year 中,它直接充当 visited 的宾语,变为:you visited the city last year。(2)如果先行词无法直接带入定语从句中,必须另外多加上介词,且带入后在定语从句中充当状语,则使用关系副词。如:This is the city where you stayed last year.中定语从句所修饰的先行词也是 the city;将先行词带入定语从句中,它不能直接充当成分,必须加上介词 in,一起作从句的地点状语,变为:you stayed in the city last year。[2022 河北等地·高考真题]The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species livewithin the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.第 7 页,共 8 页【答案】that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:该计划旨在为生活在 Giant Panda Range 的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知,空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词,指代先行词 species,指物,在从句中作主语,且先行词前有 all 修饰,故只能用关系代词 that。故填 that。【测训诊断】本题易误填 which,在引导定语从句时,which 与 that 在大多数情况下可以互换,但当先行词被 all, no, very, any, little, much 等修饰时,只能用 that,不用 which。[2022 北京·高考真题]That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of are only good for one use.【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句【答案】which【分析】考查定语从句。句意为:那包括杯子、瓶子和袋子,其中大多数物品只能使用一次。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 cups,bottles,and bags,设空处在从句中作介词 of 的宾语,所以此处用关系代词 which。故填 which。第 8 页,共 8 页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 高考英语复习之定语从句(学生版).docx 高考英语复习之定语从句(教师版).docx