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(共28张PPT)
专题十　主谓一致
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
考点一　语法一致原则
1.主语是单数名词或代词时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
My brother is very tall.我弟弟很高。
They like English very much.他们很喜欢英语。
2.and或both...and...连接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。
Mike and Jack are good friends.迈克和杰克是好朋友。
Both my sister and I are tall.我妹妹和我都很高。
提示
(1)当and连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。
The writer and singer has come.那位作家兼歌手已经来了。
(2)当and连接的单数名词被 each,every或no 修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数。
Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.刚才每个男孩和女孩都得到了一个苹果。
3.当主语后面跟有 with,without,together with,along with,except,
besides,but,as well as,like,including,rather than等词或短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,也称“承前一致”原则。
The boy together with his friends plays football every week.那个男孩和他的朋友们每周都踢足球。
4.单个动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To learn English well is not easy.把英语学好不容易。
Running is good for us.跑步对我们有益。
5.each,one,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,somebody,anybody,
everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Nothing special ever happens in this town.这镇上从来都不会发生什么特别的事。
Everyone is here.每个人都在这里。
对点训练　
( )1.—What’s your plan for the coming Dragon Boat Festival
—Most of us 　　　 ready to make zongzi.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
( )2.My mother with her students 　 　　 to volunteer at the old people’s home next week.
A.is going B.are going
C.goes D.go
B
A
3.Education 　 　(keep) your choice open.
4.Everyone except Mike 　 　(be) going to play basketball because he doesn’t like it.
keeps/will keep
is
考点二　意义一致原则
1.表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、重量等的短语作主语时,常表示一个整体概念,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Ten years is a long time.十年是一段很长的时间。
2.集体名词如 family,class,group等作主语表示整体时用单数,表示集体中的具体成员时用复数。
His family is a big one.他的家庭是个大家庭。
His family are watching TV.他的家人正在看电视。
3.某些名词如 people(people 指“民族”时除外),police等,形式上是单数但意义上是复数,作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
How many people are there in your family 你家有几口人
The police haven’t caught the thief yet.警方还没抓住小偷。
4.科目名称physics,politics等和news 本身不表示复数意义,作主语 时,谓语动词用单数形式。
I think physics is an interesting subject.我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。
5.trousers,shoes,glasses,pants等为复数名词,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但当它们前面有 pair of,kind of等修饰时,则根据 pair和kind的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
His trousers are too long.他的裤子太长了。
This pair of shoes is mine.这双鞋是我的。
6.“the+形容词”表示一类人,“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示夫妇或一家 人,它们作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The old need more help.老人需要更多帮助。
The Greens are leaving for Shanghai next week.格林一家下周去上海。
7.分数、百分数及 some of,half of,part of,lots of,the rest of等后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;接复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.工作已完成三分之二。
对点训练　
( )1.—How much 　　　 the trousers
—Twenty dollars 　　　 enough.
A.is;is B.are;is C.are;are D.is;are
( )2.One thousand kilometers 　 　　 quite a long way to the ancient people,but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.
A.was B.had
C.were D.have
B
A
考点三　就近原则
1.在存现句和以here开头的句子中,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。
There is a book and three dictionaries on the desk.书桌上有一本书和三本词典。
2.not only...but also,either...or,not...but,neither...nor...等结构连接并列主语时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。
Not only he but also I am going to Beijing.我和他都要去北京。
对点训练　
( )1.There 　　　 a big tree behind the shop.You can see many birds in it.
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
( )2.Not only my parents but also my grandparents 　　　 the Internet once in a while.
A.surfs B.surf
C.will surf D.is surfing
A
B
追踪评价 提能力
一、单项选择
( )1.Having good manners 　 　　 necessary when you visit a foreign country.
A.are B.is C.was D./
( )2.Everyone 　　　 here.Let’s go.
A.am B.are C.is D.be
B
C
( )3.Neither Saturday nor Sunday 　　　 OK because I will be quite busy these two days.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
( )4.In our school library,there 　　　 a number of books on art.The number of the books 　　 　 still growing larger and larger.
A.is;is B.are;is C.is;are D.are;are
B
B
( )5.—Hurry up,Jason!We’re going to the cinema,but the clothes still need 　　　.
—Don’t worry.I think thirty minutes 　　　 enough.
A.washing;are B.to wash;are
C.to wash;is D.washing;is
D
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.The best things in life 　 　(be) free,like smiles,love and good memories.
2.Don’t lose heart,son.There 　 　(be)always a way out.
3.My grandfather often 　 　(repeat)that he wants to go back and live in the countryside.
4.The silk scarf is pretty and 　 　(match) her blue coat very well.
are
is
repeats
matches
5.He said the teacher with his students 　 　(be) proud of their performance after the School Music Festival.
6.Look! The Smiths 　 　(eat) dinner in the restaurant.
7.Doing exercise in a scientific way 　 　(be) healthy for both our body and mind.
8.How time flies!Three years 　 　(be)really a short time.
9.It’s 6:00 p.m.Jim’s family 　 　(have) dinner.
10.Not only my parents but also I 　 　(be) going to stay at home this weekend.
was
are eating
is
is
are having
am
三、语法选择
语篇类型:记叙文　　难度: 　　建议用时:6 min　　正确率:　　/10
【文章大意】文章介绍了史密斯一家的情况,以及迈克和朋友成立物理俱乐部后,俱乐部成员和约翰对物理态度的变化。
　　The Smiths 　1　 in a house at the end of the street. Mr.Smith has two sons,Mike and John.Both Mike and John 　2　 middle school students.Mike is good at physics,while John thinks physics 　3　 a little boring.
　　Recently,Mike as well as his friends 　4　 up a physics club.They think learning physics well 　5　 helpful.Everybody in the club 　6　 their best to share their knowledge of physics.Day by day,the number of students going to the club 　7　 and a large number of students 　8　 knowledge of physics there after school.Today,there 　9　 about 60 club members,including John,who 　10　 more and more interested in physics with the help of other club members.
( )1.A.live　　　　　 B.lives　　　　 C.living
( )2.A.is B.am C.are
( )3.A.is B.am C.are
( )4.A.is setting B.have setting C.has set
( )5.A.is B.am C.are
( )6.A.try B.tries C.has tried
( )7.A.increase B.is increasing C.are increasing
( )8.A.learn B.learns C.will learn
( )9.A.is B.am C.are
( )10.A.gets B.is getting C.got
A
C
A
C
A
B
B
A
C
B
四、短文填空
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
语篇类型:说明文　　难度: 　　建议用时:8 min　　正确率:　　/10
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了川菜的特点,包括其麻辣的风味,以及川菜的多样性,强调了川菜在中国美食中的独特地位。
in　use　be　because　have　they　from　different　cook　choose　praise　so　
　　Hot pot,Mapo tofu and Fish Filests in Hot Chili Oil(水煮鱼)
—these dishes are well-known names in China.And they all have one thing 1.　 　 common:They’re very numbing(麻的) and spicy
(辣的).“Numbing and spicy”is a special phrase which is 2.　　. to describe Sichuan food.Generally,Sichuan 3.　 　 are good at using Pixian Broad Bean Paste(郫县豆瓣酱).It is seen as“the soul(灵魂) of Sichuan dishes”by many people.As a result,they are quite 4.　 　 from the dried and spicy Hunan food and the sour and spicy Guizhou food.
in
used
cooks
different
However,to Sichuan dishes,there 5.　 much more than their numbing and spicy flavor(味道) 6.　 　 Sichuan cooks are able to create all kinds of flavors.So people 7.　 　 Sichuan dishes,“Each dish 8.　 　 its own style;a hundred dishes have a hundred different flavors.”There are at least 24 kinds of flavors in Sichuan dishes and only one-third of 9.　 　 are spicy.Some dishes are neither numbing nor spicy,like sweet and sour fish.
is
because
praise
has
them
Visitors to Sichuan are surprised at so many 10.　 　. they have for food.Sichuan is certainly a great place to start your Chinese food journey.
choices
谢谢观赏！

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