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专题十三　主从复合句
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
广东省卷近5年中考分析
考点 题型 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年
状语从句 语法选择 (32)when
短文填空 (66)because (70)whenever (71)because (70)until
宾语从句 语法选择 (32)what Mom was busy with (37)how he spends his money (38)asked why he liked space camps (32)how
long it is
短文填空 (67)guess what it is (67)know how popular tea is (75)what
China is like
考点一　状语从句
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等,按意义可以分为时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、地点等状语
从句。
从句类型 引导词 例句
时间状语从句 when,while,as,before, after,since,not...until...,as soon as She was reading a book when I came into the room.
当我走进房间时,她正在看书。
条件状语从句 if,unless,as long as I will go to the park if I am free tomorrow.
如果我明天有空,我将去公园。
原因状语从句 because,since,as He didn’t come to school yesterday because he was ill.
他昨天没来上学,因为他生病了。
目的状语从句 so that,in order that Stand up so that I can see how tall you are.
站起来以便我能看见你有多高。
结果状语从句 so/such...that,so that It is such a heavy box that no one can move it.
这是一个很重的箱子,以至于没人可以挪动它。
让步状语从句 though,although, even though, even if Although it was cold,the children went on skating.
尽管天气很冷,孩子们仍继续滑冰。
比较状语从句 as...as...,not as/ so...as...,than It was not as cold as it is today.
天气不如今天冷。
地点状语从句 where,wherever I’d like to go where the air is very fresh.
我想去空气非常清新的地方。
对点训练　
( )1.(2025江苏扬州)The wind power of our country develops more quickly 　　　 we push for green energy.
A.though B.before
C.as D.until
( )2.(2025江苏连云港)　　　 over 400 million adults are too heavy,China has made a plan to help its people with weight control.
A.Since B.Unless C.Though D.Until
C
A
( )3.(2025四川成都)Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son 　　　 it can stay open forever.
A.before B.although
C.so that
( )4. 　　　 you treat others with your heart,you will get friendship in return.
A.If B.Until
C.Unless D.Though
C
A
考点二　符合“主将从现”的复合句
通常在由if或unless引导的条件状语从句和由until,as soon as,when引导的时间状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go for a picnic.如果明天下雨,我就不去野餐了。
You will fail the exam unless you work hard.如果你不努力学习,你考试就会不及格。
As soon as I get home,I will give you a call.我一回到家,就给你打电话。
When July comes,I will receive my offer for senior high school.七月来临时,我将收到高中录取通知书。
对点训练　
( )1.We won’t come 　　　 she calls us.
A.when B.because
C.before D.unless
( )2.She won’t leave 　　　 her mother comes back.
A.for B.until
C.from D.though
D
B
3.I am not sure when he 　 　.When he 　 　,I will call you.(come)
4.I will fly to this beautiful island as soon as the holiday
　 　(begin).
5.If we don’t study hard,we 　 　(not get) good grades.
will come
comes
begins
won’t get
考点三　宾语从句
如果一个句子的宾语是由句子充当的,那么这个句子就叫作宾语从句。宾语从句的主要知识点有:
1.引导词
(1)引导陈述句时,用that(that 通常可以省略)。
He said (that) he could help me.他说他能帮助我。
(2)引导一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,用whether/if。
We don’t know whether he is right or not.我们不知道他是对还是不对。
(3)引导特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,用原来的特殊疑问词。
Please explain why you are late for class.请解释一下你为什么上课迟到了。
注意
if和whether引导宾语从句时常可互换,但在动词discuss和介词后只能用whether;在whether to do和whether...or not中不用if。此外,whether引导的从句可以放在句首,if不可以。
We discussed whether we should go there.我们讨论了我们是否该去那儿。
I can’t decide whether to buy this bike or not.我无法决定是否买这辆自行车。
2.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述语序。
Do you know where our English teacher lives 你知道我们的英语老师住在哪里吗
3.时态
(1)如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据需要选用某种时态。
I remember Tom borrowed my book yesterday.我记得昨天汤姆借了我的书。
(2)如果主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态。
She told me she was going to Paris the next day.她告诉我第二天她将去巴黎。
(3)如果从句所说的是客观事实、真理或自然现象时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句中的谓语动词都要用一般现在时。
The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
4.宾语从句与简单句的转换
(1)由连接代词what等或连接副词how,where等引导的宾语从句可转换为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
She hasn’t decided what she will do on holiday.=She hasn’t decided what to do on holiday.
她还没决定假期干什么。
(2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。
对点训练　
( )1.(2025安徽)—Mom,could you tell me 　　　　 we used to visit my grandparents every week
—They will be happy to see us.
A.what B.why C.where D.how
( )2.(2025福建)—Could you tell me 　　　　
—This Sunday morning.
A.when we will do volunteer work in the community
B.which community we will do volunteer work in
C.who will do volunteer work in the community
B
A
( )3.(2025天津)—Could you tell me 　　　　
—Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.
A.what are you reading B.why do you like reading
C.what you are reading D.why you like reading
( )4.(2025云南)—Tom,could you please tell me 　　　
—Last month.
A.when did you join the basketball club
B.when you joined the basketball club
C.why did you join the basketball club
D.why you joined the basketball club
C
B
( )5.(2025四川遂宁)—Could you please tell me 　　　
—Certainly,there is a modern library on Binjiang Road.You can find different kinds of books here.
A.how far the library is
B.what I can learn from books
C.if there is a mall near here
D.where I can find a quiet place to read
D
( )6.(2025江苏扬州)—Could you tell me 　　　,sir
—Sure.It creates music in your own style.
A.if the AI app is expensive
B.where the AI app was developed
C.when the AI app came into use
D.what the AI app can do
D
考点四　定语从句
在复合句中,用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
1.先行词指人时,通常用who(作主语或宾语),whom(作宾语),that(作主语或宾语)作关系代词。关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略,在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
The girl (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister.昨天我们见到的那个女孩是吉姆的姐姐/妹妹。
The girl who is dancing is my sister.正在跳舞的那个女孩是我的姐姐/妹妹。
2.先行词指物时,可用that/which引导。若引导词前面有介词,只能用which。
I like music that/which I can dance to.我喜欢能随之跳舞的音乐。
That’s the house in which we lived several years ago.那就是几年前我们居住的房子。
提示
先行词指物时,关系词使用that,不使用which的情况:
(1)当先行词为all,little,much,everything,something,nothing,
anything等不定代词时。
Is there anything that you want to say 你有要说的事吗
I was surprised at all that I saw.我对我所看到的一切感到惊讶。
(2)当先行词前有the only,the very,the last,all,no等修饰时。
Is this the only thing that you lost 这是你丢的唯一的东西吗
(3)当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。
This is the first time that I have visited Sanya.这是我第一次参观三亚。
(4)当主句为以which,who,what开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the hotel that you like best 哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆
3.当先行词与定语从句中某个名词有所属关系时,关系代词要用whose 作定语,whose意为“……的”。
The book whose cover is red is hers.封面是红色的那本书是她的。
4.当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的数要和先行词保持一致。
I like movies that are interesting.我喜欢有趣的电影。
对点训练　
( )1.—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies 　　　 make me feel happy and relaxed.
A.what B.which
C.who D./
( )2.It is a useful app 　　　 can help you add things like pictures to your notes.
A.who B.which
C.what D.whom
B
B
( )3.Lots of Chinese young people 　　　 were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time.
A.that B.those
C.which D./
( )4.Tea is the leaf of a plant 　　　 grows widely in China,
Japan and other countries.
A.what B.who
C.that D.whom
A
C
( )5.(2025四川成都)It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers
　　　 have spent the past three years with us.
A.which B.who C.what
( )6.(2025黑龙江绥化)—Did you watch the most exciting dance
　　　 was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake
—Yes,it was amazing.
A.which B.that C.who
B
B
( )7.(2025黑龙江龙东)The high-technology clothes 　　　 the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games.
A.that B.who C.what
A
追踪评价 提能力
一、语法选择
　　Pets are wonderful helpers.Having an animal in the family helps you learn new skills,such as 　1　 you can teach them to understand orders like “Sit” or “Lie down”.　2　 you invent games to play with them,you can practice being creative.
　　Learning how to look after pets,understanding 　3　,and making sure that they live happily teach you to understand people around you.　4　 you experience these things,you know more about how others feel.
　　Pets can also help you get to know other pet owners on walks,or help you become friends with them 　5　 you tell funny stories about your pets.Pets bring people together.
( )1.A.where B.how C.why
( )2.A.If B.Though C.Until
( )3.A.they want what B.what they want C.what they wanted
( )4.A.Since　　 B.So C.Unless
( )5.A.before B.once C.when
B
A
B
A
C
二、完形填空
　　Within the next 80 years,our lives may be changed a lot by 3D printing.It has already influenced many things in our lives,right down to the food 　1　 we eat.For example,some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers.
But perhaps the biggest success 　2　 people have achieved is in medicine.It is amazing 　3　 people see a beating heart printed with 3D printing technology.The printed body part might help people live a normal life again 　4　an illness or an accident.And it is not just humans 　5　 are benefiting—in Brazil,people have built new 3D-printed body parts for animals injured in a forest fire!
( )1.A.what B.which C.who D.whose
( )2.A.that B.which C.what D.whom
( )3.A.because B.unless C.though D.when
( )4.A.before B.after C.until D.through
( )5.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
B
A
D
B
C
三、短文填空
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
　since　who　whenever　why　though　because　before　
　　My family has always had family dinners,as far as I can remember.1.　 　 I was a little boy,my mother has insisted
(坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week.
Every Sunday,all of us would meet at my grandma’s house
2.　 　 she lived alone.We would wait for more family members to come 3.　 　 we ate together at the table.
Since
because
before
　　I used to feel that was a silly little tradition.But now I understand 4.　 　 my mother did so.I realize what this tradition truly means,which is not about the dinners or activities but about family,a group of people 5.　 　 care about each other.Dinner is not just a meal,but a chance to connect with family.
why
who
谢谢观赏！

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