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(共39张PPT)
专题五　介　词
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
广东省卷近5年中考分析
考点 题型 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年
时间介词 短文填空 (67)for 33 years
地点和 位置介词 语法选择 (34)travel in space (31)in village (34)between
two mountains
短文填空 (67)along the river (73)among bikers (69)in Asian countries
方式介词 语法选择 (34)with a small knife
考点一　常用的时间介词
介词 用法 示例
in 强调某个时间段,常用于上午、下午、晚上或年、月、季节等之前 in the morning在上午
in 2024在2024年
in March在 3 月
表示“在……之后”,用于将来 时态 There will be more cars in ten years.
十年后将会有更多的汽车。
on 表示具体的某一天,后接具体的节日、日期、星期几,某一天的上午、下午或晚上,或用于有形容词修饰的某一天等 on September 10th在 9 月 10 日
on the morning of May 1st在 5 月1 日上午
on a rainy morning 在一个下雨的早上
at 表示某一具体的时刻或短暂的时间“点”,也可指一段时间 at six o'clock在6点钟
at noon在中午
at midnight在半夜
by 后接时间时,表示“不迟于” (相当于 no later than) by then 到那时
by 10 o'clock 不迟于10点钟
before 表示“在……之前/以前”,指动作发生在过去或将来某一个时刻之前,常用于过去完成时和一般将来时,后面一般接时间点 I'll get to Australia before 12:00.
我将于 12 点之前到达澳大利亚。
after 表示“在……之后”,常用于一般将来时和一般过去时 After two years,she entered a famous university.
两年后,她考入了一所著名大学。
for 后接一段时间,常用于完成时态,句中的谓语动词是持续性的 She has worked here for five years.
她已经在这儿工作五年了。
since 表示“自从……”,后接(过去的)时间点,常用于完成时态 I have stayed in that country since 1995.
自从1995年以来,我就一直待在那个国家。
from 表示“从……(时间)起”,常与to或till 连用 My father goes to work from Monday to Friday.
从星期一到星期五我父亲都要上班。
during 表示“在……期间” I enjoyed myself during the summer vacation.
我在暑假期间玩得很开心。
until 常用于not...until... 结构中,表示“直到……才……” I won't leave until 9:00 a.m.
直到上午九点,我才离开。
对点训练　
( )1.(2025北京)These Chinese astronauts will stay in the space station 　　　 six months.
A.at B.on C.to D.for
( )2.(2025江苏扬州)The best things 　　　 life are free,like hugs,smiles,love and good memories.
A.on B.at C.by D.in
D
D
( )3.Hurry up,Nancy!The meeting will start 　 　 ten minutes.
A.by B.in C.for D.to
( )4.—The school students took part in a firefighting drill (演习) 　　　 November 9th.
—It was really a meaningful activity.
A.in B.on C.at D.for
B
B
( )5.Jack is a fan of outdoor sports.He often goes climbing 　　　 spring.
A.at B.on C.in D.to
( )6.Miss Li studied at a college in Beijing 　　　 2020 to 2023.
A.from B.in
C.after D.by
C
A
考点二　常用的方位介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法 示例
in 表示“在……里面”,指在某一范围之内 Japan is in the east of Asia.
日本在亚洲东部。(在内部)
in the village在村里
可表示在某个较大的地方(国家、城市等) in London在伦敦
at 表示“在……(点)”,强调把地方、地点、位置当作一个“点”;也可表示在某个较小的地方(村庄、城镇、街道等) at No.152,Jianguo Street
在建国街152号
She works at the post office.她在邮局工作。
They arrived at a small village.
他们到达了一个小村庄。
on 表示“在……上面”,指两物体表面相互接触 on the table在桌上
也可指两地接壤 Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.
广东在湖南南边。(接壤)
to 表示“在某范围以外”(不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
日本在中国东部。(不接壤)
above 表示“在……之上(不接触下面的物体)”,不强调是否垂直 We flew above the clouds.
我们在云层上方飞行。(上方)
over 表示“在……的正上方(不接触下面的物体)” There is a bridge over the river.
河上有座桥。(正上方)
below 表示“在……之下(不接 触上面的物体)”,不一定垂直 The sun sank below the horizon.
太阳落到了地平线下。
under 表示“在……的正下方(两者之间没有其他东西)” There is a football under the chair.
椅子下面有个足球。(正下方)
in front of 表示“在……(某空间外部)的前面”
There is a car in front of the bus.
公交车的前面有一辆小汽车。(外部)
in the front of 表示“在……(某空间内部)的前面”
I'm sitting in the front of the bus.
我正坐在公交车的前面。(内部)
对点训练　
( )1.The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street 　　　 Yangzhou.
A.to B.on C.at D.in
( )2.—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game
—No.A tall man stood 　　　 me.I couldn't see the players at all.
A.next to B.across from
C.in front of D.in the front of
D
C
( )3.Paul's sister is a nurse.She works 　　　 a hospital.
A.with B.on
C.of D.in
( )4.Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Bridge 　　　 the sea helps people travel conveniently.
A.on B.over
C.under D.in
D
B
考点三　常用的方式介词
介词 用法 示例
in 表示用某种方式(语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等)　 Can you sing this song in Japanese
你能用日语唱这首歌吗
with 表示用某种工具、手段,一般接具体的工具或手段 I write with a pen.我用钢笔写字。
by by+表示交通工具的名词 I go there by bus.我乘坐公共汽车去那里。
by+v.-ing形式,表示“通过……方式” She makes a living by selling clothes.
她以卖衣服为生。
on 意为“通过,用”,表示做事的方式 on foot步行
on TV 在电视上
on computers 用电脑
对点训练　
( )1.David usually goes to school 　　　 bus.Sometimes he rides his bike.
A.in B.on C.at D.by
( )2.—Why have you done so well in the maths exam,Annie
—To tell you the truth,I‘ve made great progress　　　working in a group since last year.
A.by B.with
C.at D.on
D
A
( )3.—Excuse me.How does the machine work
—It runs　　　 electricity.
A.in B.on
C.by D.at
( )4.—Look,Peter is writing 　　　 his left hand.
—Wow,cool!
A.in B.from
C.with D.for
B
C
考点四　介词短语
1.介词+名词
at the same time同时　 at the beginning一开始
at times有时;偶尔 in a word总而言之
in time及时 on time准时
on foot步行 in public在公共场所
in silence默默地 in danger处于危险之中
in trouble处于困境 in need需要
in fact事实上 in a hurry匆匆忙忙
in the end最后 in the way妨碍
in person亲自 in one's opinion依某人看
in that case那样的话 by hand手工
by the way顺便问一下 by the time到……时候
from time to time间或;偶尔 to one's surprise令某人惊奇的是
on the right/left在右边/左边 on the one hand一方面
on the other hand另一方面
2.其他介词短语
across from在……对面　　 according to按照;根据　　
instead of 代替;而不是 thanks to 多亏;由于　
because of因为;由于
对点训练　
( )1.—Tom,would you like to play tennis with me for a while
—Yes,I'd like to.　　　,20 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
A.In total B.After all
C.In public D.At all
B
( )2.—It's reported that four robot cooks are 　　　 in a community dining hall of Nantong.
—That's true.And the dishes they make are delicious and cheap.
A.in silence B.in service C.in public D.in order
( )3.(2025江苏扬州)He wouldn't allow bad moods to get
　　　 when he was doing his job.
A.on the way B.in the way
C.along the way D.by the way
B
B
考点五　常考介词(短语)辨析
1.between和among
介词 用法 例句
between 用于两者之间,常和and连用,构成短语“between...and...”,表示“在……和……之间” There is a long river between the two villages.
两村之间有条长河。
among 表示三者或三者以上的人或事物之间 Tom has always been popular among his classmates.
汤姆在他的同学中一直很受欢迎。
2.across,through和over
介词 用法 图释助记
across “横越;穿过”,指从表面走过或从一边到另一边
walk across the road
through “穿越”,指从空间内部穿过
go through the gate
over “翻越”,指越过一段距离或度过一段时间
jump over the hurdle
3.except,besides,except for和but
介词 用法 例句
except 意为“除……之外”,排除后者。着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个,表示一种排除关系,有“减去”之意 All of us passed the exam except John.
除了约翰,我们全都通过考试了。
besides 意为“除……之外(还)”,不排除后者。指在整体中加入一部分,表示一种累加关系,有“加上”之意 He is good at English besides French.
除了法语,他还擅长英语。
except for except指排除同类,而except for指排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,再从细节上加以修正 The movie is not worth watching except for its special effect.
这部电影没什么好看的,除了特效还行。
but 和except的用法基本相同,且习惯上用于every,all,any,nothing,no,nobody等词后 Nobody knew her name but me.
除了我之外,没人知道她的名字。
对点训练　
( )1.Look!The traffic light is green.We can go 　　　 the road now.
A.across B.above
C.below D.against
A
( )2.—What do you think of the dishes
—I like all the dishes 　　　 the fish.I'm allergic(过敏的) to it.
A.except B.besides
C.against D.with
( )3.She found her lost pen 　　　 the books on the desk.
A.besides B.between
C.among D.except
A
C
追踪评价 提能力
一、从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空
　behind　among　in　on　below　above　
1.A little girl is walking 　 　 the road.
2.Anna is taller than me,so she sits 　 　 me in the classroom.
3.　 　 the northwest of the river stand two mountains,
where few people live.
on
behind
In
4.A recent study shows that parents are 　 　 the top five world's hardest jobs.
5.—Honey,can you tell Mom what you drew
—　 　 the tree is the moon,　 　 the tree is you!
among
Above
below
二、语法选择
　　I started volunteering at a local zoo for the love of animals.
Every weekend,I would spend hours 　1　 many tasks,　2　 feeding the animals to keeping them clean.　3　 doing so,I learned so much about animal care.
　4　 a few months,I helped a dog and gave it a second chance at life.This experience has not only taught me important lessons
　5　 responsibility and love but also made my life meaningful.I'm thankful 　6　 the influence it had on me.　7　 the future,I will do more to help animals in need.
( )1.A.in　　　　 B.on　　　　　　　 C.at
( )2.A.from B.without C.on
( )3.A.With B.By C.In
( )4.A.Before B.Since C.After
( )5.A.except B.about C.as
( )6.A.for B.of C.at
( )7.A.At B.In C.For
B
A
B
C
B
A
B
三、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
语篇类型:记叙文　难度: 　 建议用时:7 min　正确率:　　/10
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了作者与朋友们在徒步过程中亲近大自然并理解了团队合作的重要性的故事。
　to　　　　　 up　　　　　　about　　　　　at
　among across by until
　through for along with
Last weekend,my friends and I planned a hike.We decided to set out 1.　 　 8 a.m.to make sure we reached the top of the mountain before it was too hot.We were very excited 2.　 　 this hike.
at
about
One of our friends,who was the most experienced hiker
3.　 　 us,checked everyone’s bag to make sure we had everything we needed.Then,4.　 　 big smiles on our faces,we started walking 5.　 　 the path(小路).After an hour’s walk,we passed 6.　 　 a lake and the view was excellent.After that,we followed the path 7.　 　 the forest.Along the way,we stopped 8.　 　 a rest,enjoying the natural scenery
(风景).　　
among
with
along
by
through
for
We continued walking 9.　 　 noon,finally reaching the top.We had a picnic at the top of the mountain,sharing the food we brought,chatting,and enjoying this moment.This hike not only brought us closer 10.　 　 nature but also taught us a lot about the importance of teamwork.We all look forward to the next hiking trip.　　
until
to
谢谢观赏！

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