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(共27张PPT)
专题四　数　词
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
广东省卷近5年中考分析
考点 题型 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年
基数词 短文 填空 (72)hundreds of
考点一　基数词
1.构成
(1)0～12应逐个记忆。
(2)13～19的基数词都以-teen结尾。
(3)表示“整十”的基数词都以-ty结尾。其中特别注意twenty,thirty,
forty,fifty,eighty的写法。
(4)21～99的基数词表示“几十几”,需在十位和个位之间加连字符“-”。
(5)三位数的基数词,用“基数词+hundred and +两位数”表示。如:
seven hundred and eighty-five 785。
(6)多位数的基数词,从右向左数起,每隔三位数加一个逗号,依次为thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)。如:seventy-six billion eight hundred and thirty-two million one hundred
and fifty-four thousand nine hundred and sixty-eight 76,832,154,968
2.用法
(1)表示数量的多少。
(2)表示年份。如:2017读作two thousand and seventeen或twenty seventeen
(3)表示时刻。如:2:40读作two forty
(4)表示编号常用名词单数+基数词,名词的第一个字母要大写。如:
Room 203
(5)“数词-单数名词-形容词”构成复合形容词,作定语,修饰名词。如:an eight-year-old boy一个8岁的男孩
(6)“基数词+计量单位+形容词(长、宽、高、深等)”表示计量。如:
10 kilometers long 10千米长
(7)表示具体的年龄用“基数词+year(s) old”或“at the age of+基数词”;表示“几十多岁”用“in one's+整十数的复数形式”。
如:at the age of 30=30 years old 三十岁;in her thirties 在她三十多岁时
(8)表示年代,用“in the+年份的复数”。如:in the 1990s 在二十世纪九十年代
(9)倍数的表达:一倍用once,两倍用twice,三倍及三倍以上用“基数词+times”来表示。
(10)表示距离时,用“数词+单位名词” 或“数词+名词所有格+方式”。如:
ten kilometers∕miles∕meters10千米∕英里∕米
fifteen minutes' walk 步行15分钟
对点训练　
( )1.The boys in 　　　 will have a table tennis match next Sunday.
A.Class 6 B.6 Class C.6th Class D.Class 6th
( )2.Eric is 　　　 and he has an 　　　 sister.
A.ten-year-old;eight year old
B.ten years old;eight-year-old
C.ten-year-old;eight years old
D.ten years old;eight-years-old
A
B
考点二　序数词
1.构成
(1)序数词1～19除了第一(first)、第二(second)、第三(third)是独立单词外,其余一般是由基数词后加-th构成。但第五(fifth)、第八(eighth)、第九(ninth)、第十二(twelfth)的拼写要特别注意。
(2)表示“几十”的整十两位数的序数词是先将词尾中的 y变为 ie,再加-th。
(3)二十以上的非整十多位数,只需将个位数变成序数词即可,十位、百位、千位数保持不变。
(4)序数词的缩写可以用“对应的阿拉伯数字+词尾最后两个字母”来构成。
巧学妙记
基数词变序数词
基变序,有规律,牢记first,second,third;加-th从四起;八减t,九去e;
five,twelve两兄弟,f来把ve替;整十基数变序数,ty变成tie;
若是碰到几百几十几,只变个位就可以。
2.用法
(1)表示顺序。序数词表示顺序时,其前要加定冠词the,后接单数名词。如:the first woman astronaut 第一位女航天员
(2)用于最高级前,表示“第几……的”。如:the second longest river第二长河
(3)用“a+序数词+单数名词”表示数量上再增加“一”。
I have tried twice.I want to try a third time.我试过两次了,我想再试一次。
对点训练　
( )1.—Although I have failed three times,I will have a
　　　 try.
—Failure is the mother of success.I will be with you all the way.
A.fourth B.third
C.second D.first
A
2.—Why is Jenny so happy
—Because today is her 　 　(five) wedding anniversary.
3.June is the 　 　(six) month of a year.
4.On the 　 　(three) day of our trip,we visited the museum.
5.I cooked a bowl of noodles for my sister on her
(twenty) birthday.
fifth
sixth
third
twentieth
考点三　分数
1.分数的表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于 1 时,分母要变复数。
one second或a/one half 二分之一
two thirds 三分之二
2.“分数+of+名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与名词/代词保持一致。
One third of the girls are good at singing in our class.我们班三分之一的女生擅长唱歌。
对点训练　
( )1.About 　　　 of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.
A.two fifths B.second five
C.second fifths D.two five
( )2. 　　　 of the news 　　　 written in English on the Internet.
A.Three quarters;are B.Three quarters;is
C.Three quarter;are D.Three quarter;is
A
B
考点四　概数词
概数词表示不确切的数字,常见的形式有“表示百、千等的数词加-s+of+名词复数”。
thousands of schools 成千上万所学校
millions of trees 数百万棵树
注意
hundred,thousand等前有具体数字时,要用单数形式,表示确切的数字。
five hundred computers 500台电脑
two thousand books 两千本书
对点训练　
( )1.As one of the most popular tourist cities,Qingdao attracted 　　　 tourists during the National Day holiday.
A.million B.millions of
C.five million of D.five millions
( )2.Chinese people have been using the skill of printing for over two 　　　 years.
A.thousand B.thousands
C.thousand of D.thousands of
B
A
追踪评价 提能力
一、单项选择
( )1.I am 　　　 child in my family.I have an elder brother and a younger sister.
A.one B.the first
C.the second D.the third
C
( )2.—There is going to be the 　　　 Art Festival next week.
—Great.We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.　
A.two B.first C.second D.twice
( )3.An 　　　 boy,Li Wen,works hard and gets good grades in his final exam.
A.eighteen-year-olds B.eighteen-year-old
C.eighteen years old D.eighteen-years-old
C
B
( )4.The number of the fans going to this concert is about three 　　　.And 　　　 of them are girls.
A.thousand;two third B.thousands;two third
C.thousand;two thirds D.thousands;two thirds
( )5. 　　　 of teenagers in my school 　　　 interested in learning paper-cutting.
A.Two-fifth;is B.One quarter;is
C.Three fourths;are D.Three quarter;are
C
C
( )6.There are 　　　 solar terms(节气) in a year.Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth
C.the twenty-fourth D.a twenty-fourth
( )7.About 　　　 of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the 　　　.
A.three five;2010 B.three fifths;2010s
C.third fifth;2010 D.third fifths;2010s
A
B
( )8.—It is Mom's 　　　 birthday next Wednesday.What should we do
—What about buying her 　　　 flowers to show our love
A.forty;forty B.forty;fortieth
C.fortieth;forty D.fortieth;fortieth
( )9.A quarter to four is 　　　.
A.3:15 B.3:45
C.4:15 D.4:45
C
B
二、语法选择
I went to Beijing with my parents last National Day holiday.It was my 　1　 time to go there.I went to Tian'anmen Square and watched the flag-raising ceremony with 　2　 people.I also visited the Great Wall.It was about 　3　 walk and I felt really tired.For food,I tried Beijing roast duck.I enjoyed it very much but my mother didn't.Before I returned home,I spent three 　4　 of my money buying some gifts for my friends.I hope I can visit Beijing 　5　 time.I'm waiting for that day.
( )1.A.one　　　　B.first　　　　　　C.the first
( )2.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of
( )3.A.three-hour B.three hours C.three hours'
( )4.A.fourth B.fourths C.quarter
( )5.A.two B.second C.a second
B
C
C
B
C
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