资源简介

(共47张PPT)
Words and Expressions
Unit 2
Healthy Lifestyle
1. abuse [ bju z] n.滥用;虐待;辱骂 vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂
alcohol abuse 酗酒
drug abuse 药物滥用；毒品滥用
child abuse 虐待儿童，摧残儿童
abuse one’s power/position/privilege 滥用职权/特权
personal abuse 人身攻击
abuser n. 滥用者；施虐者
abusive adj. 辱骂的；滥用的；虐待的
abused adj. (尤指药物)滥用的；受虐的
①___________(abuse) children is a common phenomenon in some countries.
②A lot of volunteers organized together to protect those ________ (abuse) pets.
(2)We should offer help without hesitation when ___________________________their owners in public.
当我们在公共场合看到动物被它们的主人虐待时应该毫不犹豫地伸出援手。
Abusing
abused
we see animals abused by
2. physical [ f z kl] adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
physical and mental health 身心健康
keep healthy mentally and physically 保持身心健康
physically adv. 身体上；体格上
physics n. 物理
physicist n. 物理学家
physician n. 内科医生
3.dominate vt. &vi. 支配；控制；占有优势
(1)be dominated by sb. 由某人所控制、支配
(2)domination n. 控制；影响
(3)dominating adj. 主要的；独裁的；有影响力的
dominating figure主要人物； 强势人物
dominating factor主导因素
(4)dominatingly adv. 有领导作风地； 独裁地
【单句语法填空】用dominate的正确形式填空。
(1)If this trend continues, the world of the future could _______________by fewer languages.
(2)Apparently, oil was the most ___________source from which the energy was produced
(3)England’s ___________over Wales, Scotland and Ireland introduced the English language to these regions.
be dominated
dominant
domination
4.repeatedly adv. 重复地
repeat v. 重复说(或写)；重复做；重播(节目)
repeated adj. 重复的
repeatability n. 重复性；再现性
repetition n. 重复
用repeat的适当形式填空
(1)The boy has committed the same mistake ____________ and
should be punished.
(2)The students asked the teacher __________ what he had said
in class.
(3)The boss’s ___________ warnings made many of my friends
unhappy.
(4)No historical phenomenon is a mere __________ of the past.
repeatedly
to repeat
repeated
repetition
5. psychology /sa k l d i/ n. 心理学；心理；心理影响
psychological adj. 心理的; 心理学的
psychologist n. 心理学家
physiology n. 生理学;生理机能
physiological adj. 生理学的
physiologist n.生理学家
biology n. 生物学
biological adj. 生物学的
biologist n.生物学家
6.in response to 回答, 答复
【词块必记】
(1)response/ ce n. 回应；反应
in response to 对……作出反应
make a response to 对……作出回答/应
(2)respond vi. 回应；反应；恢复
respond to 对……作出回答/应
【拓展延伸】
“作出反应”的各种表达聚焦
①react to 对……作出反应；回应
②respond to 响应；回应……
③reply to 回答；答复……
④the answer to ……的答案
⑤in response to 回应
①________ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
②Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond ________ it.
③None of the students ________ to his question; that is to say, his question failed to get a ________ from any of the students.(respond)
④I still remember my limerick (五行打油诗) assignment and was afraid of doing the poetry. For the project, we had to analyze a poem and write ________ response to it.

In
to　
responded
response
a
7. reward n.回报;奖励;报酬 vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬
award vt. 授予；颁发（奖项、荣誉）
n. 奖品；奖状；裁决
prize n.奖励；奖品；奖金
price n. 价格；价钱
rewardless adj. 无报酬的；徒劳的
rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的;有意义的
reward sb. for sth. 因某事奖励某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物回报某人
【即学活用】
(1)用reward的正确形式填空。
①(2019 全国卷Ⅲ)If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would _______________with seven drops of water or juice.
②Our school held the “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely _________ experience.
(2)I’d like to do something ___________________________.
我想做点什么来报答她的好意。
be rewarded
rewarding
in reward for her kindness
8. rely [r la ] vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on/upon =depend on= count on= lean on 依靠
Many of our small businesses rely on local people to support them. 我们的许多小企业依赖当地人的支持。
reliable adj. 可靠/可信赖的
reliably adv. 可靠地
unreliable adj. 不可靠的
reliability n.可靠性
reliance n. 依赖;依靠;信赖
(1)Those who you can rely on at any time are _______ (rely) friends.
(2)You may rely on _____ that the work will be finished soon.
[一句多译]
你可以相信,你有困难时我会帮助你。
(3)You can rely on me _________(help) you when you are in trouble.
(4)You can rely _____ it that I can help you when you are in trouble.
(5)You can rely on my ________ (help) you when you are in trouble.
reliable
it
to help
on
helping
9. facilitate v.促进;促使;使便利
facilitator n. 推动者
facilitative adj. 促进的；有助于...的
facility n. 设施，设备；天赋，才能
facilitation n.便利；促进；简化
facilitate communication 促进沟通
facilitate cooperation 促进合作
10. negative [ neɡ t v] adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
have a negative effect/impact/influence on...
对......有消极/负面影响
have a negative attitude to/towards ...
对......持有消极态度
反义词: positive adj. 积极的
11. straight away 立即；马上
= right away = at once = immediately=right now= in no time
go straight on 直走
straight adj.直的；笔直的；正直的 adv.直接地
12. pessimistic [ pes m st k] adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的
pessimism n. 悲观（主义）
pessimist n. 悲观主义者
optimistic adj.乐观的
optimism n.乐观主义
optimist n.乐观者; 乐观主义者
be pessimistic/optimistic/positive about 对...持悲观/积极态度
13. decide on 决定；选定
make up one’s mind 下定决心
decision n. 决定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
=make up one's mind to do sth.
=be determined to do sth.
=determine to do sth.
change one's mind 改变主意
never mind 没关系
【即学即用】语法填空
(1)(全国卷Ⅲ)I decided ________(play)with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest.
(2)The restaurant decides on ___________(employ) a pop singer.
(3)I’m glad to hear that you are coming to Beijing, which is an extremely smart _________(decide).
to play
employing
decision
14.make up one’s mind下定决心
【语块积累】
fix/keep one’s mind on　专心于
bear/keep in mind 记住, 牢记
change one’s mind 改变主意
come to one’s mind 忽然想起
(1) ______________________it is your experience that matters, not the prize.
请把这点牢记在心: 重要的是你经历了, 而不是获奖。
(2) ________________________________read more so that we can improve our English.
我们已经下定决心多阅读, 以便提高我们的英语。
(3)He was too hesitant and ____________________________.
他对于未来工作的选择犹豫不决, 他总是改变主意。
Please keep this in mind:
We have made up our mind to
he always changes his mind
15. mind n
[C] & [U] 头脑；大脑：
Watching TV has a numbing effect on his mind.
Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind.
[C] 思考方式；思维；心智：
This is much easier to do when we realize that we are in a child state of mind.
The key to his success is his logical mind.
[C] 心思；注意力：
The boy can’t get his mind off play.
Keep your mind on your work!
[C] 富有才智的人：
Great minds think alike.
【常用搭配】
be of the same mind 意见相同；保持原来的意见：
I am of the same mind as you are about it.
bear / keep … in mind 将……记在心中；记起 (bear / keep in mind that)：
Bear in mind that gas stations are scarce in the more remote areas.
Keep in mind that you may need more physical activity to lose weight.
change one’s mind 改变主意：
He is such a persistent person that it is hard to change his mind.
come into one’s mind 掠过 / 进入某人的脑海：
Suddenly a strange idea came into my mind.
make up one’s mind 拿定主意；下定决心：
Once she has made up her mind to do something, there was no stopping him.
He made up his mind not to say one single word.
on sb’s mind 在某人心上：
The terrible scenes were deeply imprinted on his mind.
强调“定”
pose vt. &vi. 组成; 作曲; 撰写
【语块积累】
(1)be composed of　　　由……组成(构成)
同义短语: consist of/ be made up of
(2)composition n. 作文, 作曲; [材] 构成; 合成物
composer n. 作曲家
(1)用compose的正确形式填空。
①He was the first Russian _________ whose music made a lasting impression internationally.
②It’s difficult to use the right grammar in my ___________.
③There is a royal garden __________ of palaces, temples, gardens and lakes.
(2)Concrete _______________cement, sand and gravel mixed with water.
混凝土由水泥、砂、石子掺和水而构成。
composer
composition
composed
is composed of
17.disturb vt. 打扰; 搅乱; 使烦恼
【语块积累】
disturbed　 adj. 心神不安的; 心烦意乱的; 烦恼的
disturbing adj. 令人不安的; 烦扰的
disturbance n.干扰;骚乱
1.(2020全国新高考Ⅰ,完形填空) When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __________(disturb) happening around his home.
2.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people， but there are times when some level of _______________(disturb) is unavoidable.
3.(2020天津) Vinnie想选靠近窗户的角落以避免打扰总统的工作。
Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows
.
disturbing
disturbance
to avoid disturbing the President’s work
18. skip v
vi 跳；跳过：
skip over the fence
I suggest we skip to the last item on the agenda.n the path.
vi & vt 跳（绳）(AmE jump rope)：
vi & vt 略过；遗漏 to miss the next thing that you would normally read, do, etc.：
Do you read it, scan it or skip over it to something shorter
skip 的词源义和基本义是“跳（过）” (spring lightly, jump over)。
辨析 scan, skim, skip
scan, skim 和 skip 是阅读文章时所采取的三种策略。
scan 指通过快速阅读查找所需的某一特定信息，意为“查读”。
How do I scan a photo and attach it to an email
skim 指通过快速阅读找到文章的中心思想，意为“略读”。
These, of course, are just examples and only skim the surface (冰山一角).
skip 指跳过即将阅读的某一部分内容，意为“跳读”。
Skip the first passage and start on Page 15.
vt［非正式用语］不做（应做的事等）；不参加 to not do sth that you usually do or should do (miss)：
If you skip meals, you don’t get enough calories, and then you feel tired.
She decided to skip the afternoon’s class.
skip a grade 跳级
n [C] 蹦跳
19. liberation [ l b re n] n.解放；摆脱
People’s Liberation Army (PLA) 人民解放军
liberate sb. from... 使自由,使sb 摆脱...约束/限制
liberate vt.解放；摆脱限制
liberty n. 自由
deliberate adj. 故意的；蓄意的；慎重的 vt.&vi. 仔细考虑
liberation from poverty
People’s Liberation Army(PLA)
20. shave [ e v] v./n.剃（须发）;刮脸
shave off 剃掉；刮去
shave off one's beard 刮胡子
shave off one's hair/shave his head 剃光头
shaven adj. 剃光的,刮干净的
clean-shaven adj. 胡子刮干净的
unshaven adj. 未刮脸的,未剃须的
shave- shaved-shaven
21. specialist [ spe l st] n.专科医生；专家 (=expert/ professional)
special adj.特别的；重要的
specially adv.特别地；专门
specialty n.招牌，特色菜
specialise/ specialize （in） vt.专攻；专门研究
He specialized in criminal law. 他专攻刑法。
22. consultant [k n s lt nt] n.顾问；高级顾问医师
(1)consult sb. about/on sth. 就某事向某人咨询
(2)consult with sb. about sth. 与某人就某事进行商量
(3)consult a dictionary 查字典
=refer to/turn to a dictionary=look up a word in a dictionary
consult v. 查阅；商量；咨询；请教
consultation n. 咨询；磋商；会诊
【即学活用】
①As I am planning to further education in Britain, I want to consult you ______IELTS.
②I decided to choose English as my major after a careful _____________(consult) with my teacher.
③He turned to his __________(consult) for advice facing the difficult financial situation.
about
consultation
consultant
22.stimulate [ st mjule t] vt.激发；促进；刺激
stimulate sb. to do sth. 刺激/激发某人做某事
=inspire/encourage sb. to do sth.
stimulate comsumption 刺激消费
stimulate employment 刺激就业
stimulation n. 激励；刺激
stimulating adj.令人兴奋的；激励的
stimulative adj.刺激的；促进的；激励的
accumulate v.积累
23. stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁
under stress在压力之下
lay/place stress on 强调……
stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
stress n.压力　vt.强调
stressful adj.(事物)压力大的；紧张的
stressed adj.(人)焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的
24. worn out 筋疲力尽的；心力交瘁
wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力尽
wear out 用坏,穿破;磨损
worn adj. 用坏的；疲惫的
wear v.穿,戴;磨损;耐用 wear-wore-worn
25. enhance [ n hɑ ns] vt.提高；增强；増进
enhance one’s ability 提高个人能力
enhance the sense of hapiness 提升人们的幸福感
enhance the friendship and unity 增进友谊和团结
enhance the work efficiency 提高工作效率
enhancement n.提高；增强
同义词：improve v.提高
improvement n.提高
26.refresh [r fre ] vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新
refresh one's memory 唤醒记忆
refresh one's body and mind 身心愉悦
refresh rate 刷新率
refresh the page 刷新网页
refreshed adj.精力恢复的
refreshing adj.提神的；令人耳目一新的
refreshment n.恢复精力;心旷神怡 ;茶点
27. absorb [ b s b] vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb ...into ... 把……吸收进……
absorb oneself in ... 全神贯注于
absorb/attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意
(be) absorbed in ... 全神贯注于……
absorbed adj.全神贯注的
集中精力于：concentrate on; focus on; devote ...to...；be buried in =bury oneself in
“集中精力于”：
concentrate/focus/fix (one’s attention) on
pay attention to
put one’s heart into
be devoted to
be buried in
be lost in
be occupied in
(1)用absorb的正确形式填空。
①He was completely __________in reading and forgot even to take his meal.
②___________in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.
(2)I ______________________studying poems for 10 years.
我一直专注于诗歌研究十年了。
absorbed
Absorbed
have been absorbed in
反义词
说出下列单词的反义词和汉语释义。
1. positive adj → ___________ _________________________________
2. optimistic adj → ___________ _________________________________
3. punish v → __________ _________________________________
4. proud adj → _____________ _________________________________
5. tight adj → __________ _________________________________
6. objective adj → __________ _________________________________
7. major adj → _________ _________________________________
8. simple adj → _________ _________________________________
9. increase v → _______________ _________________________________
10. abstract adj → _________ _________________________________
negative
pessimistic
reward
humble / modest
loose
subjective
minor
complex
decrease / reduce
学习词汇时，除了借助近义词来建立新旧知识联系，也可以通过反义词来帮助学习和理解词汇。近义词与反义词是建立词汇网络最基本的两种途径。
否定的/负面的/消极的/阴性的
concrete
悲观的 / 悲观主义的
奖赏
谦虚的
宽松的
主观的
次要的
复杂的
减少
具体的
Thank You !

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