资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Unit 1
How can we become good learners
Section A
Grammar Focus~4c
Curriculum words:expression, discover, secret
Useful expressions: fall in love with, look up, because of, so that, so…that…, as well
Functions: Learning how to learn
Grammar: The structure and expressions of “ by + v.-ing”.
Sentences: ① — Do you learn English by reading aloud
② — Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
③ — How can I read faster
④ — You can read faster by reading word groups.
Learning objectives
Revision
—How do you learn English
—I learn English…
by listening to English tapes
by speaking with a foreigner
by reading English newspapers
by writing/keeping
diaries in English
by watching English movies
by asking a classmate for help
Revision
by listening to
English tapes
by joining the English club
by reading English
magazines
by writing /keeping
diaries in English
by asking a classmate for help
by watching English movies
—How do you study English
—I study English…
Match the questions and answers.
1. How do you practice speaking
2. How do you learn new words
3.How do you improve your writing
4.How do you practice listening
5.How do you improve your pronunciation
6.How do you learn grammar
a. By watching English programs.
b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.
c. By having conversations with friends.
d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.
e. By making word cards.
f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.
自学反馈
Grammar focus
Observe the following conversation of grammar focus, please think:
How do you learn English I learn by studying with a group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
How can I read faster You can read faster by reading word groups.
How can I improve my pronunciation One way is by listening to tapes.
询问做事的方式或手段时，常使用句型：
____________________________
回答常用 _________ 结构，表示手段、方法。
How do you… / How can I…
by + v.-ing
Free talk
Talk about the ways you learn other
subjects. You can use the following phrases and sentences.
How do you learn Chinese/ math /physics/chemistry
Do you learn history and geography by___________
1.I learn new words
2.I improve my writing
3.I improve listening
by making word cards.
by writing e-mails to my pen pals.
by listening to a tape.
by
是介词,①表示"通过......的方法",②翻译成“靠，通过”。
③by之后出现动词，把动词变成ing形式（也就是动名词）。
目标一：''...by+doing''结构
表达做事的方式
____状语
方式
用下列词语的适当形式填空。
1. I practice speaking by _________(have) conversations with friends.
2. I learn new words by _________(make) word cards.
3. I improve my writing by________ (write)e-mails to my pen pals.
4. I practice listening by________ (listen) to a tape .
5. I improve my pronunciation by___________( watch) English programs.
6. I learn grammar by _________(take) notes .
having
making
writing
listening
watching
taking
Grammar
【例句】1. Come and sit by us.
2. Peter goes to work by bus every day.
3. Tony will come back by 10:00 pm.
【结论】
by表示位置，意为“__________ ”，如句1。
2.by+表示交通工具的名词(by后不加冠词 )，意为“ ”，如句2。
3. by+时间, 意为“ ”，如句3。
乘/坐...
在……旁边
到(某时)之前; 不迟于
He goes to school by bike.
The children are playing by the river.
When I passed by Jack’s window this morning,
I heard him singing in the room.
I must be in bed by ten o’clock.
by 的其他用法
pass\walk by “经过，路过”
4. by +动作执行者，意为_______，常用于_________，引出动作执行者。
“被;由”
被动语态
The bridge was built ______________ last year.
如：这座桥是工人们去年建造的。
by the workers
5.组成其它固定短语:
by the way : 意为________________________，常做插入语。
by oneself : 意为________________。
by accident: 意为__________。
by the end of...: 意为______________。
by the time...: 意为 ____________。
by mistake: 意为_________。
“顺便说”;“顺便问一 下”
“单独”;“独自”
“偶然”
“到.....末为止”
“错误地”
“到....时候”
动名词（v- ing）的用法
语法定义
动名词是由“动词原形+-ing”构成的，但是它不是表示正在做，而只是表示“做……”这件事！“动词原形+-ing”有两种叫法，如果呈现的是名词词性就叫__________，呈现的形容词、副词词性时就叫 _______。动名词的构成和现在分词一样，但功能完全不同，动名词具有名词的功能，又保留了动词的性质。分词具有形容词、副词的功能且保留了动词的性质。因此动名词在句中作_______________________等。
“动名词”
“分词”
主语、宾语、表语、定语
“by+动名词（短语）”的结构
how do you study English
I study English by working with friends.
(1)提问方式:“ by +动词-ing ”结构常用来回答How do you....？或How can I...？这类句型。
(2)回答方式：“ by + 动名词（名词）”结构 ，学会运用by + doing的结构表达做事方式,意为“通过的方式得到...的结果”。by 介词，表示“通过……方法或途径”，译成“靠、通过”。by后面可以加名词或动名词。
重点语法
单词展示
note
v. 重复；重做
v. 注意；指出
n. 笔记；记录
repeat
n. 朋友；伙伴
pal
chemistry
n. 化学
n. 物理；物理学
physics
by是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语, 意义较多, 归纳如下:
1. by表示方式、方法、手段等, 意为“通过/用/靠……(而达到某种预期的目的)”, by +doing sth. 意为“通过做某事”在句中作方式状语
—How can I turn on the computer
——我怎样能打开电脑
—By pressing this button.
——按这个按钮。
Grammmar---介词by的用法
Presentation
4c
v. 记忆；记住
memorize
pattern
n. 模式；方式
当堂检测
Ⅰ.选词填空。
1．Her mother goes to work____ (on/by) bus every morning.
2．The two kids practice spoken English ____(by/with) joining the English club.
3．_______(Watch/Watching) movies is a popular way for many people to relax.
4．As we know，it's not polite to keep others _____(wait/waiting) for a long time.
5．Jane，come in and sit _____(between/by) me.
Presentation
Grammmar---介词by的用法
2. by+ 交通工具：表示骑乘…工具，
如 by bus(乘公共汽车），by bike( 骑自行车）…
3. 表示位置, 意为“靠近; 在……旁边”。
The girls are playing by the lake. 女孩们正在湖边玩耍。
4. 表示时间, 意为“在……之前; 到……为止; 不迟于”。
My mother will come back by 6: 00. 我妈妈将在6点前回来。
How do you learn English I learn by studying with a
group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
How can I read faster You can read faster by reading word groups.
How can I improve my pronunciation One way is by listening to tapes.
Grammar Focus
1. how引导特殊疑问句
①how 用来询问做事的方式或手段，意为 “怎样、如何”。
—How do you study for a test —I study by working with friends.
②how 用在问候语中。
e.g. How do you do 你好！ 这是初次见面时的问候语,
答语也用How do you do
③how用来询问身体健康状况, 意为“怎么样”。
　e.g.　— How is your mother — She is very well.
Language points
一、单项选择
1. Chinese ______ those islands in the sea first.
A. invented B. discovered C. created D. repeat
2. We can some information about this city on the Internet.
A. look up B. look like C. look after D. look forward to
3. —Harry Potter is _______ interesting ________ I want to read it again.
— I agree with you.
A.such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. as; as
4. Chinese people find ________ responsible(有责任心的) to help develop
African countries along the Belt and Road（—带一路).
A.it B. this C. that D. these
B
A
C
A
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6．Do you often memorize new words by _______(make) vocabulary lists
7．Can you finish ______(do) your homework before nine o'clock
8．Don't worry about _____(make) mistakes when you talk to foreigners in English.
9．_____(help) each other at school is a way to improve our friendship.
10．We have worked for three hours.Let's stop _______(work) and have a rest.
making
doing
making
Helping
working
另外, by作为介词的意义有很多, 例如:
1）在…...旁边，靠近
There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。
2）沿着，经由
to enter by the door 由门进去
3）由于
by mistake 由于差错；错误地
4）被，由
some articles written by Lu Xun一些由鲁迅写的文章
5）逐一；连续
one by one 一个接一个
Language points
by 的用法
by是介词, 表示“通过……方法或途径”的意思, 译成“靠, 通过”, 后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。
归纳总结
1) go by train / boat / bus
乘火车（船，公共汽车）
2) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手
3) I study English by watching English movies.
我通过看英文电影学英语。
1.李雷通过与同学进行对话来练习说的技能。
Li Lei practices speaking skills ___ _______ ____________ with his classmates.
2.我通过用英语写日记来提高我的英语写作水平。
I improve my English writing by ________ ___ ______ in English.
3.吴老师建议我通过制作单词卡片来记住单词。
Miss Wu advised me to remember the words ____ ________ ______ ________.
4.你可以通过记笔记来学习化学。
You can learn chemistry ___ _______ _______.
by having conversations
keeping a diary
by making word cards
by taking notes
Exercise
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
Homework
Make dialogs with the structures in Grammar Focus.
Write a short composition about how to learn English.

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