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(共30张PPT)
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Reading and Thinking
John Snow “Defeats King Cholera”
Learning objectives
By the end of this class, you will
1. sort out information and analyze the structure of the article ;
2. learn the basic steps of scientific research and find out John Snow's research process;
3. learn to ask questions independently in reading and understand the important role of the questioning mind in scientific research.
Lead in

What disease is described in the video
Brainstorm
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What will be talked about from the title
Who
How
What
What questions comes into your mind
Who was John Snow
What was cholera
What caused king cholera
How did John Snow defead king chorale
What contributions did John Snow make
What was the truth
Para. 1 what&who
Para. 2-3 how
Para. 4 truth
Para. 5 results &
significance
Skimming
find out the key words for the main idea.
Read the paragraph 1 carefully and fill in the mind map.
Cholera
when/where
what
result
In the early 19th century/ Europe
one of the most feared diseases
Millions of people died
John Snow
who
what
a ______________________ doctor
British, young and famous
never ____________________
_______ once and for all
_____________ Queen Victoria
attended to
lost his desire to destroy
cholera
Scanning
PLAY NOW
John Snow
VS
“King Cholera”
King Cholera:
London A good place! Let’s go to London!
John Snow:
So many deaths… No one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.
John Snow:
I should stop it! I must destroy cholera once and for all.
Task 1. Choose the correct theory.
The first theory
The second theory
Which theory should I choose
√
It was correct, but he still needed proof.
Background information
miasma theory 瘴气说
malaria = bad air
bloodletting 放血疗法
Task 1. Choose the correct theory.
The first theory
The second theory
Which theory should I choose
√
Questioning mind: question_________________________________________________
the first theory/the popular idea/
authority...
Mission completed
You got a map.
John Snow:
A map Oh, yes! I can use this map. Let me see…
Enter Task 2
Items you’ve got
1.Which house had multiple deaths in Broad Street
Please help me analyze the map with questions
Items you’ve got
2.Which house had no deaths
What can we infer from the map
Please help me analyze the map with questions
Items you’ve got
The water pump was to blame.
Draw a conclusion
Collect data
Ask a question
Find a problem
Analyze the results
Find supporting evidence
Think of a method
Task 3. Stages of Scientific Research
design your mind map
Draw a conclusion
Collect data
Ask a question
Find a problem
Analyze the results
Find supporting evidence
Think of a method
Task 3. Stages of Scientific Research
Task 4. Read for analysis
Work in groups.
Read para.2&3, find the keys words &sentences corresponding to(与...相符，相当于）the 7 scientific stages.
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
Para. 2
Find a problem
Ask a question
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
think of a method
collect data
analyse the results
find supporting evidence
draw a conclusion
find a solution
Questioning mind: question ________________
result/water/himself...
Task 5. Careful Reading
Read Para. 4, and find the truth of getting cholera .
Water companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste, causing people who drank this water to get cholera.
HOW
The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
With John Snow’s method, the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
Congratulations
You have helped defeat
YOU WIN
Para.5
Was cholera defeated completely
How to prevent the cholera or other disease
Drink boiled water.
Remember to wear a mask when going out.
Avoid crowded gathering.
Wash your hands often.
Do sports regularly.
Deal with rubbish timely and properly.
Critical thinking:
Write out the questions according to the answer.
A:Snow thought that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.
A:Snow had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
01
02
Q:What
Q:Why
did John Snow think caused the cholera
did John Snow have the handle of the pump removed？
03
Q:How
was the cholera threat defeated
A:The cholera threat was defeated thanks to the work of John Snow.
Interview
If you were a reporter, what questions would you
like to ask John Snow
Tips
wh- questions:what why when...
check grammar errors
dig more questions from passage
Evaluation Criteria（评价标准）
Grammar
Question have no grammar mistakes.
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.
----Albert Einstein& Leopold Infeld
Homework
1: Watch the complete video Cholera and Dr.John Snow, and then answer the questions raised by yourselves.
https://v./x/page/r0301789jbf.html
2: write down the seven research stages of Tu Youyou’s invention of artemisinin and analyze her questioning mind.
Thank you
have a nice day

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