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(共28张PPT)
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Using Language:
Chemical Versus Organic Farming
Make a predication according to the photo and the title.
1. What is the text about
Chemical farming
vs
organic farming
2. What type of writing is it
A. Narration
B. Exposition
C. Argumentation
Prediction
Choose the main ideas (A-D)below with the paragraphs.
A What organic farming is
B Why man-made chemicals are still used in farming
C Organic methods for producing rich soil
D The problems with chemical farming
D The problems with chemical farming
A What organic farming is
C Organic methods for producing rich soil
B Why man-made chemicals are still used in farming
Text type:
Argumentation
Fast-reading
1. What’s chemical farming
2. What’s organic farming
Para.1
Chemical farming is farming using chemical pesticides and artificial fertilizers.
Para.3
Presentation
Read para.1 and para.3, and then answer the following questions.
1. Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming
Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop diseases and increase production.
2. What concerns many people about the use of pesticides
Their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
Para.1
para 1
3. What is one problem with the use of chemical fertilisers
Crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.
Para.2
para 2
some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.
Para. Main idea Details
1&2 Problems with Chemical farming Topic sentence: Many farmers welcomed chemical farming as a great way to and .
However,________________________________________.
For example, Pesticides can by killing bacteria and insects.
In addition, .
This affects not only but also _____.
In fact, .
As for chemical fertilizers,
Crops are lacking in________________or have .
increase production
fight crop disease
what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
damage the land
these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.
the crops
animals and humans
nutrition/essential minerals
less flavour
Benefit
Problem
Solution

switch to organic farming
Read again and finish the table
4. How is organic farming different from chemical farming
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of diseases
through natural means.
Para.3
para 3
5. Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in a field every year
Different crops are grown because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
Para.4
para 4
6. What is the goal of using organic farming methods
The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
Para.4
para 4
Para. Main idea Details
3&4 Organic methods for producing rich soil Topic sentence: Organic farming focuses on keeping the soil rich and free of disease through natural means.
For example, Organic farmers use ____________ from animals as fertiliser.
This makes the soil in their fields _______ in minerals.
It also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free of __________.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.
They often _________________ grown in each field every year.
For instance, they may grow in a filed one year, and then grow there the next.
Why different crops are grown is because they put important __________ back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different _________ of soil to help keep it rich.
For example, .
natural waste
richer
chemicals
change the crops
corn or wheat
beans
minerals
depths
peanut grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots
Benefit
While-reading
Read again and finish the table
Para 5
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-madechemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
Why can’t we stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely





however, but, on the contrary, instead, on one hand … on the other hand
for example, for instance, in fact, such as, take … for example
both…and…, not only…but also, in addition, and, also, as well, what’s more, besides, furthermore, moreover, what’s worse
why…is because…, therefore, for this reason, thus, consequently, as a ressult
as for, as an alternative
contrast
illustrate
add
cause and effect
introduce a new topic
Post-reading
Read for language features
1.Structure of an argumentative essay:
(Para.1)
(Para.2)
An argumentative essay
Your opinion
Supporting point2
(Para.3)
Supporting point3
Supporting point1
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Summary
Title
Details
Details
Details
Writing
1. 引出话题，提出争议点
There is a heated debate/discussion today about whether...
如今关于是否…… 存在一场热烈的争论。
Different people hold different views on this matter, which are as follows .
不同的人有不同的看法,具体如下。
Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
意见主要分为两派。
开头段
Sentence patterns
1. 阐述观点一
Those who support (观点一）have their reasons.首先，人们普遍认为……
To begin with, one of the main reasons is that...首先，主要原因之一是……
中间段
2. 阐述观点二（对比或补充）
However, on the other hand, some people argue that...
然而，另一方面，一些人认为……
However, others don’t hold the same opinion. 不过，其他人不这么认为……
3. 举例论证
For example/instance,... 例如……
A case in point is that... 一个恰当的例子是……
Sentence patterns
1. 总结观点
In conclusion, taking all these factors into consideration, we may reasonably draw the conclusion that...
总之，考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以合理地得出结论……
To sum up, both sides have their merits. But from my perspective,...
总而言之，双方都有其优点。但在我看来……
结尾段
2. 提出建议或展望
It is high time that we took some effective measures to...
是时候我们采取一些有效措施来……
Only in this way can we...只有这样我们才能……
Sentence patterns
假定你是学生李华，最近你们班举行了一场“是否要支持无人驾驶汽车（driverless cars)的研发”的辩论，请根据表格中的素材写一篇英语短文，介绍讨论情况并给出自己的看法。
赞成的理由 1. 减少人为意外（如酒驾），提升道路安全；
2. 为不能开车的人（如老人，残疾人）提供便利；
反对的理由 1. 广泛的采用使专业司机失业, 降低就业率;
2. 缺乏可靠性，可能存在系统故障。
你的看法 ……
……
Recently, we have had a heated discussion about/on . Different people have different opinions on this matter, which are as follows.
是否要支持无人驾驶汽车的研发
Recently, we have had a heated discussion about whether to support the research and development of driverless cars. Different people have different opinions on this matter, which are as follows.
whether to support the research and development of driverless cars
1. 减少人为意外（如酒驾），提升道路安全。
2. 为不能开车的人（如老人，残疾人）提供便利。
reduce accidents caused by human errors,such as drunk driving,
provide convenience for those who cannot drive, such as the elderly and the disabled.
赞成的理由：
enhance road safety.
人为意外
human errors
老人，残疾人
the elderly
the disabled
Those who support (观点一）have their reasons. On the one hand, . On the other hand, .
1. 减少人为意外（如酒驾），提升道路安全。
2. 为不能开车的人（如老人，残疾人）提供便利。
Those who support that we should support the research and development of driverless cars have their reasons. On the one hand, it can reduce accidents caused by human errors,such as drunk driving, enhancing road safety. On the other hand, it provides convenience for those who cannot drive, such as the aged and the disabled.
赞成
1.广泛的采用使专业司机失业, 降低就业率
2.缺乏可靠性，可能存在系统故障。
The widespread use/adoption of driverless cars leads to professional drivers becoming unemployed, which reduces employment rate.
It lacks reliability and may have potential system failures.
反对的理由：
就业率
employment rate
系统故障
system failures
可靠性
reliability
However, others don't hold the same opinion. They hold the view that . To begin with, . In addition, , Last but not least, .
1. 广泛的采用使专业司机失业, 降低就业率。
2. 它缺乏可靠性，可能存在系统故障。
However, others don't hold the same opinion. They hold the view that we should not support the research and development of driverless cars. To begin with, The widespread adoption of driverless cars leads to professional drivers becoming unemployed, which reduces employment rate. In addition, it lacks reliability and may have potential system failures.
反对
As far as I'm concerned, .
As far as I'm concerned, driverless cars has a promising prospect.
你的观点
支持：无人驾驶汽车有着光明的未来。
反对：无人驾驶汽车技术尚未成熟，还存在着风险。
As far as I'm concerned, the technology for driverless cars is not yet mature and there all still risks.
Recently, we have had a heated discussion about whether to support the research and development of driverless cars. Different people have different opinions on this matter, which are as follows.
Some think/believe that we should support the research and development of driverless cars. On the one hand,it can reduce accidents caused by human errors,such as drunk driving, enhancing road safety. On the other hand,it provide convenience for those who cannot drive, such as the elderly and the disabled.
However, others don't hold the same opinion. They hold the view that we should not support the research and development of driverless cars.. To begin with, The widespread adoption of driverless cars leads to professional drivers becoming unemployed, which reduces employment rate.In addition,It lacks reliability and may have potential system failures.
As far as I'm concerned, driverless cars has a promising prospect.
[实战演练]
最近你所在的英语俱乐部就你市是否应该出台限购私家车的政策进行了讨论。请根据表格内容写一篇英语短文介绍讨论情况并发表自己的看法。
赞成的理由 1. 节约能源,减少污染
2. 缓解交通拥挤
反对的理由 1. 购买汽车是人们的权利
2. 给人们的出行带来不便
你的看法 ……
Sample writing
Recently our English Club has had a heated debate about whether there should be policies on controlling the purchase of private cars in our city. Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
　 Those who support the policies have their reasons. They say nowadays a large number of people own private cars, which has caused many problems, such as air pollution, traffic jams and an increase of energy use. There is no doubt that controlling the number of private cars will help solve these problems.
However, on the other hand, some people argue that they have the right to buy cars. What's more, if they don't have their own cars, it isn't convenient for them to go out, whether for work or travel.
　 From my perspective, I agree with the former. In fact, we can use other forms of transport like buses, subways and bicycles. Only in this way, can we build a brighter future.　
Thanks!

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