资源简介

(共45张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
words and expressions
Natural Disasters 自然灾害 （均可数）
tornado
龙卷风；旋风
drought
旱灾；久旱
landslide
崩塌；滑坡
tsunami
海啸
flood
洪水
typhoon
台风
volcanic eruption
火山喷发
hurricane
飓风
drought [dra t] n.旱灾；久旱
dry adj.干燥的；干旱的 v. 变干
有史以来最严重的旱灾之一
_____ _____ the worst __________ on ________
one of droughts record
dry a.干燥的——drought n.干旱
high a.高的 ——height n.高度
see vt.看见 ——sight n.视野
think vi.想 ——thought n.想法
The manager has received a flood of complaints.
Telephone calls flooded in from all over the country.
A sense of relief flooded over him.
The office was flooded with applications for job.
flood [fl d] n.洪水；大量
vi.淹没；大量涌入
vt.使灌满水；淹没
a flood of 大量
flood in/flood into... 大量涌入
flood over （情绪）涌上心头；席卷
be flooded with 挤满，拥满
rescue [ reskju: ] n./v. 营救;救援
rescue workers
come to sb’s rescue = rescue sb 救援某人
rescue … from… 把…从…中救出来
那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
救援人员
damage [ d m d ] v. 损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害
昨晚的大雨损坏了村里的几座老房子。
The heavy rain last night damaged several old houses in the village.
destroy [d 'str ] v.摧毁;毁灭
destroyed-destroying
destruction n. 摧毁; 毁灭
destructive adj. 引起破坏的; 破坏性的
这栋建筑被地震彻底摧毁了。
The building was completely destroyed by the earthquake.
completely、entirely
badly、seriously
ruin ['ru: n] n./v. 破坏;毁坏
1. ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
The ancient temple lies in ruins after the earthquake.
The once-prosperous city was reduced to ruins by the war.
Without proper care, the old mansion fell into ruin over the decades.
4. fall into ruins 成为废墟
2. lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
3. be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
/ pr sp r s/
1. On returning to the town, they were shocked to find their neighbourhood _____ ruins.(读后续写之情感描写)
2. The crops __________ by the heavy rain.
3. He made a serious mistake in the race and ruined his chance to win the championship.
→He made a serious mistake in the race,　________________　 to win the championship.(定语从句)
→He made a serious mistake in the race,　_____________　 to win the championship.(现在分词)
in
which ruined his chance
ruining his chance
were ruined
evacuate [ v kjue t] vt. 疏散;撤出;撤离
数千人在洪水之前被撤离。
Thousands of people were evacuated before the flood.
evacuation n.疏散；撤离
death [deθ] n. 死;死亡
die v. 死亡
dead adj. 死的
dying adj. 临终的; 垂死的
deadly adj. 致命的
adv. 极其; 非常
starve to death
饿死
The dog frigtened me to death.
pass away 去世
the dead 死者；逝者
a deadly disease
deadly dull
1. 影响
Almost everyone is affected by second-hand smoke.
2.使感动；打动
The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
3. 使感染；侵袭
The patient is affected with a rare genetic disease.
= be moved/impressed
be affected by 被…打动; 被…影响
be affected with… 感染…疾病
affection n. 喜爱
affect [ fekt] v. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 感染;深深打动
effect n.作用，影响
have an/no effect on/upon... 对...有/无影响
effective adj. 有效的 effectiveness n.有效性
①A large number of donations have been flooding into the 　　　　(affect) areas.(应用文之报道)
②Although affected 　　 a serious disease, he held a positive attitude and believed there was a hope of recovery.
③I don‘t know the separation will hinder the development of the child’s ________ (affect) towards its mother.
affected
with
affection
shelter [' elt ] n.避难处;居所;庇护
v.保护;掩蔽 ;躲避(风/雨/危险)
shelter/protect ...from... 保护...免受...
shelter from…… 躲避……
树木可以保护田地不受冷风侵袭。
Trees can shelter fields from cold wind.
我们坐在阴凉处，躲避太阳。
We sat in the shade，__________ (shelter) from the sun.
sheltering
shock [ k] v.(使)震惊 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
to surprise and upset sb
①Every staff member was 　　 shock when hearing they would take a test on Sunday instead of having a picnic.
②“Hagrid!” said Harry, shocked 　______　(see) Hagrid shaking with grief,great tears leaking down into his beard.
③Tom won the championship in the marathon,which was a great shock 　　 us all.
④(2022全国甲卷)令我们震惊的是,海洋正受到严重污染。
→　_______________　 that the ocean is becoming severely polluted.(what引导的主语从句)
→The ocean is becoming severely polluted,　_________________　.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
in
to see
to
What shocks us is
which shocks us
electricity n. 电；电能
electric [ lektr k] adj.电动的
an electric light/guitar
3. electrical [ lektr k( )l] adj.与电相关的;用电的
an electrical engineer
4. electronic [ lek tr n k] adj.电子的
an electronic calculator
trap [tr p] n. 险境;陷阱
v. 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
She was trapped in the burning house last night.
1. be trapped in… 陷入…; 被困在…中
The clever advertisement trapped many customers into buying the product they didn't really need.
2. trap sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事
It’s easy to fall into a trap, but hard to get out again.
3. fall into a trap 落入圈套 get out of a trap 摆脱圈套
The poor survivor set a simple trap, attempting to catch a rabbit to satisfy his hunger, but in vain.
4. lay/set a trap (for) (为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套
①People with weak control power are likely to be trapped 　　 buying useless goods by the webcast（网络直播）.
②　____　(trap) in the ruins for two days, the girl constantly held a positive attitude, firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.
③She had set a trap 　　 him and he walked straight into it.
into
Trapped
for
bury [ beri ] vt.埋葬;安葬；使沉浸；使专心
He died at the age of 80 and was buried in his homeland.
He buried his face in his hands and wept.
bury face/head in one’s hands 双手掩面/抱头
She had learnt to bury her feelings.
2. bury one’s feelings 隐藏感情; 感情不外露
My father buried himself in his newspaper.
3. bury oneself in sth
= be buried in sth埋头/专心于……
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
①The young man, who also seemed deeply buried 　　 thought, raised his eyes.
②Since she graduated, my mother 　_______　(bury) herself in teaching, receiving high praise.
③_____　　(bury) in reading the English newspaper every day, I have gained lots of useful knowledge.
④Hearing the bad news, she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.
→Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears, __________________________.(现在分词作状语)
→Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears, ___________________________.(独立主格结构)
in
has buried
Buried
burying her face in her hands
her face buried in her hands
breathe [ bri: ]: v.呼吸
breath [breθ] n.呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
breathe in/out
take a deep breath
hold one’s breath
out of breath
屏住呼吸
深呼吸
上气不接下气
吸入/呼出
effort ['ef t ]: n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
make efforts/ an effort to do... 努力做……
make no effort to do... 没努力做……
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
= make every effort to do sth
with effort 吃力地
without effort
毫不费力地
1. We should make great efforts _________(preserve) and enrich our own traditional cultures.(应用文之传统文化)
2. ______effort, she managed to stop herself laughing. (读后续写之动作描写)
3. 然而,他不顾一切地追赶着其他人,汗水从他的脸颊上流下来,他丝毫没有放弃的迹象。(读后续写之动作描写)
_______________________________________________, drops of sweat streaming down his cheeks, and he showed no sign of giving up.
to preserve
With
However, he spared no effort to catch up with the others
revive [r va v]: v.复活;(使)苏醒
revival [ r va vl] n. 振兴;复苏
unify [ ju:n fa ] v. 统一;(使)成一体
新领袖希望把国家统一起来。
The new leader hopes to unify the country.
wisdom [ w zd m] n. 智慧;才智
wise adj.明智的; 英明的
unification[ ju n f ke ( )n] n. 统一
suffer [ s f (r)] vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病/痛苦/悲伤等)受苦
suffer pains/losses/defeat/hunger/cold/trouble 经历/遭受……
suffer from... 因…而痛苦;患有(疾病等) 常接疾病、战争、自然灾害
她可能患有心脏病。
She is likely to suffer from heart disease.
他在选举中遭受了失败。
He suffered a defeat in the election.
suffering n.折磨；苦难
sufferer n.受难者
volcano [v l ke n ]: n. 火山
【pl.volcanoes / volcanos 】
erupt [ r pt] v. (火山)爆发; (岩浆/烟等)喷出
eruption n.爆发
火山爆发
volcanic adj.火山的
volcanic eruption
supply [s pla ] n.供应(量);补给; [pl.] 补给品
v. 供应;供给
In many drought-stricken areas, clean drinking water is in short supply.
1. in short supply 短缺
Our school library has a good supply of original English books, which is very helpful for our studies.
2. have a good supply of...备有许多……
3. supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb
= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
1. In the earthquake-stricken area, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food ______________(supply).
2. The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are 　　 short supply in this country.
3. Many parents in China are always making every effort to provide their children with the best education.
→Many parents in China are always making every effort to 　___________
_________________________________________　.(supply)
→Many parents in China are always making every effort to ________________
______________________________________.(offer)
supplies
in
supply their children with the best education
offer their children the best education
survive [s va v] vt. 幸存;幸免于难；比……活的长 vi.生存;存活
survival n.[U]幸存;[C]残存物
survivor n.幸存者;生还者
1. The ________owed his ___________ to a TV program, which taught what to survive on when trapped in the wild. (survive)
2. He was trapped in a lonely island, so he had to survive on grass roots.
3. Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness, she still survived her husband by 5 years.
4. The ancient building survived from the Tang Dynasty as a museum.
survivor
survival
1. survive on 靠…生存下来
2. A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……)
3. survive from 从……存活下来
tap [t p]: v. 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍
n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
tap on/at... 轻敲...
knock on/at... 敲...
他轻轻地敲了敲办公室的门，走了进去。
He tapped on/at the office door and went in.
emergency [i m :d nsi] n. 突发事件;紧急情况
当你被火困住时，你可以拨打紧急电话。
You can call an emergency number when you are trapped in a fire.
emergency exit / eks t/ 紧急出口
calm [ kɑ:m ] adj.镇静的;沉着的
v. 使平静;使镇静
keep/stay calm 保持冷静
calm down 平静下来
不论发生什么，都要保持冷静
Stay calm no matter what happens.
Mistakes happen, but staying calm is how we get through them.
犯错在所难免，保持冷静才是我们渡过难关的方式。
calmness n.镇静 平静
aid [e d] n.援助;帮助;救援物资 v. (formal)帮助;援助
with the aid of
aid sb in sth
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
first aid
kit [k t] n. 成套工具;成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
在……的帮助下
帮助某人某事
（perform/give/do/carry out ~ to sb)
急救
on hand 现有（尤指帮助）侧重 “可提供帮助、随时可用”
We always keep first-aid kits on hand in case of emergencies.
Do you have enough cash in hand for the taxi fare
The final exam is at hand, so everyone is busy reviewing.
This sweater was knitted by hand, so it’s more unique and warm.
Economic development and environmental protection should go hand in hand.
On one hand, I want to travel during the holiday; on the other hand, I need to finish my study.
in hand 在手头；在进行中 侧重 “已持有、正在处理”
at hand 在手边；即将到来 侧重 “空间上在手边、时间上即将到来”
by hand手工
hand in hand 手拉手；密切相关
on one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
crash into... 碰撞/撞上……
他感到自己的头撞到了什么坚硬、冰冷的东西。
He felt his head crash into something hard and cold.
sweep [swi:p] v. 打扫; (风浪等)席卷；(情感)突然袭来~ over sb.
sweep-swept---swept
他感到浑身疲惫。
A wave of tiredness swept over him.
sweep away: 消灭;彻底消除
weep-wept-wept 哭泣，流泪；
wipe-wiped-wiped 抹掉；擦掉
a car crash（车祸）、a plane crash（空难）
wave [we v] n. 海浪; 波浪
v. 挥手; 招手
give sb a wave 向某人招手
= wave to/at sb
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
My mother was crying as I waved goodbye to her.
strike[stra k] v. 侵袭;突击;击打;突然想到；给（某人以...）印象
n.罢工;罢课; 袭击
(struck, struck/stricken)
I was struck by her confidence during the presentation.
An awful thought has just struck me.
It struck me that we had forgotten to lock the door.
You’ve got their attention now — strike while the iron is hot and make your offer.
1. be struck by 被……打动
2. sth strike sb = It strikes sb that…某人突然想起……
It hits/occurs to sb that...某人突然想到……
3. strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁
be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
①We should know what to do when a hurricane 　____　(strike).
②The workers are 　　 strike for higher wages,which is a shock to the government.
③　　 struck/hit/occurred to me that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.
④我对你的音乐天赋印象深刻,我迫不及待地想邀请你参加音乐节。(应用文之邀请信)
___________________________,I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.
泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。
Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart, as a result, ________________
_________________________________.
strikes
on
It
Struck by your talent for music
it strikes me that I will visit it again.
deliver [d l v (r)] v.递送;传达;发表；接生
deliver sth to sb 将……递送给……
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
delivery n. 投递；分娩
summary [ s m ri ] n. 总结;概括;概要
In summary 总之 = To summarize
length [le θ] n.长;长度
long adj. 长的 v.渴望
lengthen: v. 变长
strong -- strength -- strengthen
effect n.影响；结果；效果
take effect 生效；见效
come into effect 生效
put...into effect 实施；使……生效
side effect 副作用
The new traffic rules will take effect next month to improve road safety.
The government plans to put the new education policy into effect next semester.
This medicine may have a side effect of making you feel sleepy, so don’t drive after taking it.
powerful
/ pa fl/
adj. 强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的
come into/to power 掌权;上台执政
within one's power 在某人能力之内
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力范围
have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
a power failure/cut 停电/断电
powerless adj.无权力的；无能力的
power n. 权力；能力；电能;功率
1. disaster n.灾难→disastrous adj.灾难性的
2. dry adj. 干旱的 v弄干 变干 →drought n. 旱灾;久旱
3. destroy v.破坏→destruction n.破坏→destructive adj.破坏性的→destroyer n.破坏者
4. evacuate v.撤离 疏散→evacuation n.撤离 疏散
5. die vi. 死,死亡→death n. 死;死亡→dead adj. 死的;去世的→dying adj.垂死的→deadly adj.致命的
6. affect v.影响 疾病侵袭 →affection n.喜爱 爱慕
7. revive vt.& vi.复活;(使)苏醒→revival n.振兴;复苏
8. unify vi.& vt.统一;(使)成一体→unification n.统 一→unified adj.统一的
9. suffer v.遭受;蒙受→suffering n.折磨;苦难→sufferer n.受难者;患病者
10. volcano n.火山→volcanic adj.火山的;火山引起的;火山产生的
11. electric adj.用电的→electricity n.电→electrical adj.用电的 电的
12. breathe v.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
/d zɑ str s/
早读任务
1. 以下词性转换
2. flood, rescue, damage, destroy, ruin, affect, shelter, shock, trap相关短语
3. 默写： In times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
1. 大量涌入
2. 救援人员
3. 把…从…中救出来
4. 对…造成损害
5. 沦为废墟
6. 感染…疾病
7. 保护...免受...
8. 对某人来说是极大的震惊
9. 陷入…; 被困在…中
10. 诱使某人做某事
11. destroy
12. die
13. affect
14. revive
15. unify
16. suffer
17. breathe
18. 默写句子
早读任务
1. 以下词性转换
2. bury, breathe, effort, suffer, supply, survive, calm, aid, strike, effect相关短语
3. 默写Mistakes happen, but staying calm is how we get through them.
1. effort n.努力→effortless adj.不费力的
2. wise adj.明智的 睿智的→wisdom n.智慧→unwise adj.不明智的→wisely adv.明智地
3. erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n. 火山爆发;(战争等)爆发
4. survive vi. 生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→survivor n. 幸存者;生还者→survival n.幸存
5. power vt. 给...提供动力 n.影响力;权势;力量→powerful adj.强有力的;有权势的→powerless adj.无影响力的;无权的
6. calm adj.冷静的 v.使平静 →calmly adv.镇静地→calmness n.镇静;平静
7. deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→delivery n.交付;递送→deliverer n.送货人
8. sum v.总结 n.总和→summary n.总结→summarize v.总结
9. effect n.影响;结果;效果→effective adj. 有效果的;有影响的→side-effect n.副作用
10. long adj.长的→length n. 长;长度→lengthen vt.使延长;加长 vi.延长;变长→longevity n.长寿 持久
1. 双手掩面
2. 埋头做……
3. 深呼吸
4. 不遗余力做某事
5. 毫不费力地
6. 因…而痛苦;患有(疾病等)
7. 短缺
8. 给某人提供某物
9. 靠…生存下来
10. 轻敲...
11. 紧急出口
12. 对某人进行急救
13. 碰撞/撞上……
14. 某人突然想起……
15. wise
16. survive
17. long
18. sum
19. effect
20. 默写句子
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