资源简介

(共45张PPT)
Developing ideas
Book 4 Unit 5 Revealing nature
The Secret Language of Plants
外研版
attack move breathe speak
eat steal sleep think
Look at the pictures and talk about what plants can do.
flytrap (捕蝇草)
mimosa [m 'm z ]
(含羞草)
pea
Activity 1 Lead-in
What else do you think the plants can do
What can plants do in the film Avatar
Activity 1 Lead-in
Activity 1 Lead-in
Let’s watch another video clip.
If plants can really communicate with each other, how
Activity 2 Fast reading
Task 1. Read the text fast and find out the ways in which plants communicate.
by using chemicals
by using sound
by using the “wood wide web”
Many cultures have stories of talking trees.
New research has revealed that plants can communicate.
Plants use chemicals to communicate.
Plants use sound to communicate.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Plants use the “wood wide web” to communicate.
Scientists are learning more about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.
Para. 5
Para. 6
Task 2. Read for the main idea of each paragraph and the structure.
Topic: Plants can communicate
Plants have various ways to communicate
Part 1
Introduce the topic
Part 2 Body
Part 3
Conclusion
Activity 2 Fast reading
Task 3. The writing style of the passage is ___________.
Activity 2 Fast reading
A. Narration
B. Argumentation
C. Exposition
Exposition literally means “explaining or making clear by giving details”.Exposition, as a passage type, is to expose information, simply put, to present the information in a way to get it across to readers.
√
Read Para 1 and find out its topic sentence.
Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people.
Activity 3 Careful reading
— a thing of myths and legends
Talking trees give _____________________ to people, eg., Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
Evidence from stories of many cultures
Evidence from _________________
some modern stories
Trees in the film Avatar can communicate with
___________________.
animals and people
advice and warnings
Talking plants
With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.
Read Para 2 and answer the following question.
Activity 3 Careful reading
Q. What is the function of Para 2
A. To introduce the following context.
B. To describe an experiment.
C. To tell the importance of plants.
D. To give a piece of evidence.
√
Q1. How does a bean plant use chemicals to communicate with each other
Q2. Why do scientists do research on this plant warning system
Q3. What figure of speech is being used when the plants are described as calling for help
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these drive insects away. Others attract insects---the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides.
Read Para 3 and answer the following questions.
Activity 3 Careful reading
bean plant A
_____
bean plant B
______ the chemicals
________
insects away
drive
________
the wasps
Work out the graph:
kill
Q1. How does a bean plant use chemicals to communicate with each other
releases its _____, different chemicals
_________ tiny amounts of _____________ as a warning or call for help: “I’m being attacked!”
release
chemicals
attack
detect
own
attract
___
Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system,
so that we can use it to grow crops without _________.
pesticides
Q2. Why do scientists do research on this plant warning system
A. To explore the wonders of nature.
B. To apply it into agriculture.
C. To protect plants.
D. To predict the future of plants.
√
Q3. What figure of speech is being used when the plants are described as calling for help
A. simile
D. personification
C. hyperbole
B. metaphor
√
Learning to learn
Personification means giving human characteristics to something that is not human. By using human characteristics to describe an object, animal or even a place, personification can make descriptions more vivid.
Can you find more examples in the coming paragraphs
Q1. How does a bean plant use chemicals to communicate with each other
Q2. Why do scientists do research on this plant warning system
Q3. What figure of speech is being used when the plants are described as calling for help
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these drive insects away. Others attract insects---the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides.
Read Para 3 and answer the following questions.
Activity 3 Careful reading
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen” to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving.
Plants How they communicate using sound Example
corn and chilli plants
____________ with their roots
listen to the noises from ___________
some trees
make noises
other plants
make clicking noises when there is not ___________, indicating drought is arriving.
enough water
A chilli plant can tell if a
____________________is helpful, or unfriendly.
neighbouring plant
Read Para 4 and work out the table.
Activity 3 Careful reading
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of “cybercrime”. Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
roots of different plants are linked to each other underground by _____
its function
“cybercrime”
__________ perhaps one day it will be created to help prevent attacks within wood wide web
enables plants to share ____________ and even food with each other
plants _____________ from each other
plants _____________ to attack other plants
fungi
“firewall”
how it is _______
Read Para 5 and work out the table about the wood wide web.
Activity 3 Careful reading
linked
information
steal food
spread poisons
Wood wide web
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.
Q1. What is the function of Para. 6
Para 6 is a conclusion and a restatement of the passage topic.
It also raises an expectation about future research of plant communication.
Read Para 6 and answer the questions.
Activity 3 Careful reading
Q2. What is the writer’s attitude towards the scientific research on the secret language of plants
A. Positive B. Negative C. Neutral D. Indifferent
√
Task 1. Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
Using chemicals
* The plant releases chemicals ____________ that are being eaten.
* When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to ______________
____________________.
from the leaves
release its own, different chemicals
Using sound
* Some plants make noises _____________________.
* A chilli plant can __________
__________________________
__________________________.
* Some trees make ___________
__________________________.
with their roots
tell if a
neighbouring plant is
helpful, or unfriendly
clicking noises
to indicate drought’s coming
Using the “wood wide web”
* This fungal network links _____ ____________________________.
* Plants can __________________
_____________ with each other.
* Plants can __________________
_____________________ to attack other plants.
the roots
of different plants to each other
share information
steal food from each other
Modern research is showing that plants can __________________________.
Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with plants.
communicate with each other
and even food
or spread poisons
Activity 4 Post reading
Task 2. What discoveries are described in the two reading passages in this unit and what do their meanings have in common
discovery of evolution
discovery of communication between plants
Secrets in nature need to be explored.
Activity 4 Post reading
It will help us know more about the world of plants and then get a better understanding of the secret of nature and encourage us to explore more about the mysterious nature. What’s more, it will teach us an important lesson, that is, human should live in harmony with mother nature. And it is our responsibility to fulfill the mission.
Task 3. What do you think are the benefits of studying plant communication
Activity 4 Post reading
Bees “dance” to signal to other bees that they have found food.
Ants communicate with each other through touch, chemical signals, moving their bodies and even using their legs to make sounds.
What other ways can you think of
Activity 5 Speaking
Work in groups. Give a talk about communication between living things.
Organise your ideas following the steps below:
Begin with what living things you have chosen to talk about.
Explain how they communicate and give examples.
Conclude by explaining what we have learnt from their behaviour.
What other ways can you think of
Activity 5 Speaking
Can plants really talk
Activity 6 Revison
Scientists are learning the secret ways in which plants “talk” to each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals 1______________ (communicate) with each other. When 2________ (attack) by insects, the plant releases chemicals from the leaves that 3______________ (eat). This is like 4___ warning. When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to release 5___ (it) own, different chemicals. Some chemicals drive insects away.
6____________ (surprising), plants also use sound to communicate. Some plants make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, 7__________ (indicate) drought is arriving.
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an 8________ (amaze) system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is called “ wood wide web”, 9______ is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food 10_____ each other.
Surprisingly
indicating
amazing
which
with
to communicate
attacked
are being eaten
a
its
Complete the summary by filling correct words or correct forms of the given words.
Activity 6 Revison
给出建议
据说
与……交流
遭受攻击
从……释放
把……赶走
发出噪音
毕竟
更令人吃惊的是
和……类似
把……和……连接起来
从……偷……
Important phrases
Activity 6 Revison
give advice/suggestions
be said to/ It is said that...
communicate…with
get attacked/be under attack
release … from
drive ... away
make noises
after all
more surprisingly
be similar to
link … to
steal … from
Book 4 Unit 5 Revealing nature
外研版
Write an observatory journal
Developing ideas
Read the observational journal and answer the questions:
Activity 1 Reading
Q1. How were the daffodil bulbs planted
They were planted side by side in soil with the pointed ends facing up.
The leaves grew in a sunny, but cool place.
The flowers are yellow and white, and shaped like trumpets.
Q2. In what environment did the leaves grow
Q3. What do the flowers look like
Work in pairs.
Look at the pictures and talk about how the sunflower grows.
Activity 2 Speaking
Write your observational journal about the sunflower.
Activity 3 Writing
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
time, the way to plant, environment, the special requirement
time, sprout, shape and texture, environment
time, height, colour and shape
An observational journal about the sunflower
1 June
Covered with 1-2 cm of moist soil, the sunflower seed takes a few days to come up after being planted. Water has been added regularly and the hard seed coat softens in the damp soil to allow the first root to pierce downwards and the first leaves to push to the soil surface.
6 July
The root continues to grow downwards. The single stem grows hollow and smooth, revealing large spade-shaped leaves from the growing tip. Gradually, the plant’s growing tip reveals the first hints of development of the flower bud. The plant stem becomes more woody.
26 July
About three weeks after the flower bud first becomes visible at the tip of the sunflower stem. It enlarges and begins to reveal a flattened disc. Over the course of one week, the yellow ray florets, and disc florets bloom across the core of the sunflower blossom. It is yellow, looking beautiful.
Sample
Book 4 Unit 5 Revealing nature
外研版
Presenting ideas
Work in groups.
Look at the information about the nature documentaries and answer the questions.
1 Can you guess what secrets of nature are revealed in these documentaries
2 What other nature documentaries have you watched Which one do you like most Give your reasons.
Activity 1 Speaking
1. Can you guess what secrets of nature are revealed in these documentaries
2. What other nature documentaries have you watched Which one do you like most
The earth is the mother of mankind.
Protect the ecological environment, create a good home.
Caring for nature is our common responsibility.
Animal World (动物世界), Dynasties (王朝)
Choose one nature documentary you like and complete the notes.
Activity 2 Writing
Human and Nature
introduction of an animal—the antelopes
beautiful pictures and instructive meaning. Its purpose is to arouse people’s awareness of protecting the extinct species on earth.
Practise presenting information about your documentary. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your presentation
2 useful words, expressions and structures
Give your presentation to the class.
Activity 3 Speaking
Sample:
Born in China is a 2016 nature documentary film directed by Lu Chuan. A co-production between Disney nature and Shanghai Media Group, the film was released in China on August 12, 2016, in the United States on April 21, 2017, one day before Earth Day, and in France on August 23, 2017. The film focuses on a snow leopard named Dawa and her cubs, a young golden snub-nosed monkey named Tao Tao, a female giant panda named Ya Ya along with her daughter Mei Mei, and a herd of chiru. The American release of the film is narrated by John Krasinski, the Chinese release is narrated by Zhou Xun, and the French release is narrated by Claire Keim
Discover nature,
explore nature,
and
grasp the essence of nature.
End of Unit 5
Alexander the Great
(born 356 bce, Pella, Greece—died June 13, 323 bce, Babylon]) was the king of Macedonia (336–323 bce), who overthrew the Persian empire, carried Macedonian arms to India, and laid the foundations for the Hellenistic world of territorial kingdoms. Already in his lifetime the subject of fabulous stories, he later became the hero of a full-scale legend bearing only the sketchiest resemblance to his historical career.
Paraphrase:
This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects.
When a plant like a bean plant is attacked by insects, this happens.
You don’t say!
I can’t say…
You can say that again.
Who can say
一点也不奇怪！你用不着说！
我绝不认为……
我完全同意你的意见。
谁能说得准？
detect v. to notice or discover something, especially something that is not easy to see or hear
_____________ adj. 可检测的；可发觉的
_____________ n. 侦查、探测；察觉
_____________ n. 发现者; 探测器; 侦察器
_____________ n. 侦探
detectable
detection
detector
detective
root n. /v.
take root 扎根；深入人心
_______________ adj. 根源在于
___________________ 根深蒂固的
be rooted _____ 根植于...
e.g. This tradition is also firmly rooted ________ the past.
in
rooted
deep/deeply-rooted
in
corn
chilli
link v./n.
link...________... 把…与…联系/连接起来
be linked _________ 与…有关
a/the link ________...( and...) 与…之间的联系
have strong links with... 和…关系牢固
e.g. Is there a link ________ smoking and lung disease
between
to/with
to/with
between

展开更多......

收起↑