资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Da Yu Middle School
初中中考复习专项
---被动语态
汇报人：Yang Xiaobing
Learning Objectives
在本节课结束时，学生能够：
1、通过观察归纳、小组合作等方式，能够灵活运用初中阶段三种被动语态结构， 同时能够正确理解阅读文中其他时态的被动结构；
2、能够将三种时态的主动语态和被动语态进行自由转换；
3、能够完成不同的语境中有关被动语态题型的阅读任务；
4. 通过"哪吒"主题情境，增强文化自信，树立积极面对挑战的学习态度。
Everybody, everybody wants to _________
Everybody, everybody wants to _________
Oh oh oh oh oh~
Everybody, everybody wants to _________
Everybody, everybody wants to _________
Oh oh oh oh oh ~
love
be loved
love
be loved
01
概念
语态：是一种动词的形式，用以说明句中主语和谓语的动词关系。
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态：主语是动作的发出者；
被动语态：主语是动词的承受者。
Many people speak English in China.
English is spoken by many people.
动作的承受者
English
Many people
动作的发出者
English
动作的承受者
动作的发出者
使用被动语态的情况
1）不知道动作的执行者是谁
2）没有必要指出动作的执行者
3) 需要强调或突出动作的承受者
My bike was stolen yesterday.
More trees must be planted every year.
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
构成
02
被动语态的基本结构：
be + 及物动词的过去分词(done)
e.g:
An English song is sung by us every day.
These tables were made in China.
My bike was stolen yesterday.
注：be动词有人称，时态，数的变化。
1. 一般情况直接 + ed
2.不发音字母e结尾的动词，直接 + d
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变y为i再+ ed
4. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ed
过去分词的构成 (规则变化)
过去分词的不规则变化
cut - cut - cut, cost - cost - cost
AAA
bring - brought - brought, say - said - said
ABB
come - came - come, run - ran - run
ABA
am/is - was - been, are - were - been
ABC
do/does - did - done, see - saw - seen
巩固练习
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
see___________ have___________　　 eat _________
do___________ meet__________ be _______ take_________ keep____________ buy_________ spend_________ swim ___________ lend_________ learn___________ forget_____________ bring_________
ate eaten
had had
saw seen
did done
met met
was/were been
took taken
kept kept
bought bought
spent spent
swam swum
lent lent
learned/learnt
forgot forgotten
brought brought
被动语态的基本结构为：be + done
被动语态的构成
一般现在时被动：am/is/are done
eg: We speak English. — English _________by us.
一般过去时被动：was/were done
eg: We spoke English. — English ____________by us.
含情态动词被动：情态动词 + be done
eg: We can speak English. — English _______________by us.
is spoken
was spoken
can be spoken
1.一般将来时被动：will be done
eg: We will speak English. — English _______________by us.
will be spoken
2.现在进行时被动：am/is/are being done
eg: We are speaking English. — English _________________by us.
is being spoken
3.过去进行时被动：was/were being done
was being spoken
4.现在完成时被动：have/has been done
eg:We have spoken English. — English ___________________by us.
eg: We were speaking English. — English _________________by us.
拓展:
has been spoken
拓展:
7.不定式结构的被动语态：
to + be + done
5. 过去完成时的被动语态：
had + been + done
e.g. The lights had been turned off before I left the room.
e.g: A new parking lot is to be built in our city next year.
6. 过去将来时的被动结构：
e.g. The lights would be turned off by Tom before I left .
8. get + done
该结构侧重于动作的结果而非动作本身，
如：get dressed (穿衣), get lost (迷路), get married (结婚), get treated (治疗),
get paid (得到报酬), get hurt (受伤).
e.g: The man got hurt on his way to school.
How did the boy get lost
would + be + done
03
小试牛刀
Ne Zha is enjoyed by lots of people. We are all moved by him. At first, he was not allowed to go out. He also had no friends.He was cheated by Shen Gongbao to harm his parents. But in the end, he saved the people in Chentang but lost his life. I am sure he'll be saved in Ne Zha II. We are looking forward to seeing him.
一般现在时被动语态
一般过去时被动语态
一般将来时被动语态
找出文中的被动语态结构，并分析其时态
语法填空-
1. — How clean your car is!
— Thank you. It _____________(wash) very often.
2.— Do you know when and where the 24th winter Olympic Games _____________(hold)
— In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022.
3.The film _________________ (show) many times since last Sunday.
4. I __________ (tell) he _____________ (not come) just now.
is washed
will be held
has been shown
was told
didn't come
5. Can such a thing ______________ (stop) from happening again
6. I promise that the dogs will __________ (take) good care of during the weekend.
7. She __________________ (not tell) to finish the work with her classmates yet.
be stopped
be taken
hasn't been told
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
主动语态变被动语态
04
主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
They
make
bikes.
Bikes
are made
by them.
①
②
③
主
谓
宾
主动句:
被动句:
1. 把主动句的宾语 被动句的主语
2. 把主动句的谓语 被动形式
注意：1）人称和数要随着新的主语而变化
2）时态保持不变
3）主动句的主语 被动句的宾语，改为“by+宾语”形式
4）其他成分（定语、状语）保持不变
请把下列的主动语态句变为被动语态。
1. People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2. The students clean the windows twice a month.
The windows ______ _________ twice a month.
3. We found the ticket on the floor.
________________________ on the floor.
4. Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers ________________ to help them.
are used
are cleaned
The ticket was found
can be used
They play football on Sunday.
Lucy does the homework in the evening.
They often help him with homework.
We make these machines in Beijing.
随学随练
05
被动语态易错点
双宾语变被动语态
a book.
He
gives Lucy
宾语
A book is given to Lucy by him.
Lucy is given a book by him.
在双宾结构中，直接宾语和间接宾语都可以作为主语，如果把直接宾语变成主语，间接宾语前仍然需要介词to , for.
1) 将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变。
My mom bought me a watch.
He gave me a book.
Tim told children an interesting story.
I was bought a watch by my mom
I was given a book by him.
Children were told an interesting story by Tim .
My mom bought me a watch.
He gave me a book.
Tim told children an interesting story.
2) 将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。
A watch was bought for me by my mom.
A book was given to me by him.
An interesting story was told to children by Tim.
for:make, buy, cook...
to: pass, give, show, bring, sell, send, tell, teach, return, lend...
He passes a cup to me.
A cup is passed to me by him.
I am passed a cup by him.
A present is bought for Lily by them.
Lily is bought a present by them.
A postcard was shown to him by us.
He was shown a postcard by us.
练一练
3. We showed him a postcard.
2. They buy a present for Lily.
将以下句子由主动语态改成被动语态
They take good care of my child.
-----
My child is taken good care of .
I turned off the radio.
-----
The radio was turned off (by me).
动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成的动词短语的介词和副词。
. 含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
即：三眼：see watch look at(notice)
两耳：hear listen to
一感觉：feel
三使役：make have let
e.g. 1.I saw him play basketball yesterday.
---
2.The boss makes him work for more than 10 hours.
---
He was seen to play basketball yesterday.
He is made to work for more than 10 hours.
这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不加to，但变被动句中必须加to.
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
主动形式表被动 （1）
My hair needs washing.
This film is worth seeing.
The windows want cleaning.
need doing 需要做...
be worth doing 值得做…
want doing 需要做...
用主动形式表示被动
need doing = need to be done
主动形式表被动（2)
The book sells well.
This knife cuts easily.
wash, clean, cut, sell, wear等当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义, 主语通常是物。
常用被动语态的句型
It is said that… 据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that… 人们相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that… 大家认为
It is suggested that… 据建议
趁热打铁
06
Task
2. People in Chentang __________________ (make) attend Ne Zha's birthday.
1. Ne Zha's birthday _____________ (hold) next Monday.
were made to
will be held
Tip 1. make sb. do sth.——be made to do (在被动语态中应还原上to)
相同用法的词：see，watch，hear，notice等感官动词和have,let,make等使役动词
Task
4. The liquor(白酒) _________ (sell) well.
3. The house_________________ (sell) by his parents next year.
5. Knives_____________(use) to cut things.
6. Ne Zha should__________________ (protect) by us.
sells
will be sold
are used
be protected
Tip 2.wash/write/sell/read/clean等后接常见副词well/quickly时，且主语是物，可用主动形式表达被动含义，说明主语特征或属性。
Basketball ___________________ by many people for fun and exercise.
__________________that(人们相信) the first basketball game was played in 1891.
A game _________________ to be played inside on a hard floor by Dr. Naismith， a college teacher.
Young people ____________________to work hard to achieve their dreams by these stars .
is enjoyed
It is believed
Many people enjoy basketball for fun and exercise. It is a much-loved and active sport . People believe that the first basketball game was played in 1891. Dr.Naismith, a college teacher, created a game to be played inside on a hard floor. Players on the same team must work together to get the ball in the other team's basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world. Although America's NBA games are the most famous, the CBA games are becoming more popular in China now. The number of foreign players has increased. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.
was created
Tip 3. It is believed that... 人们相信 ......
It is said that... 据说 ......
It is reported that... 据报道……
任务要求：阅读短文，根据原文改写以下句子 建议用时：4'
are encouraged
Tea was invented _____ accident. It is said that it was first _______（drink） by Shen Nong about 5000 years ago. One day when he was boiling water over an open fire, some leaves from a tea plant _______(fall) into the water and ___________ (remain) there for some time. A nice smell was produced, it ________ (taste)nice.
And so one of the most popular drinks was born. A book called Cha Jing mentioned a lot about tea a few thousand years ago. Tea ____ _________(被带到) to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. It also became a _________ drink in England. Tea is now t______ between many different countries. This helped to spread the ____________ of tea to more places around the world. We Chinese are _______ _________(毫无疑问) the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
tasted
was brought
without doubt
traded
popularity
national
Tip 4. 系表结构,如look, feel, smell, taste, sound,
remain, seem主动形式表被动含义
remained
by
drunk
fell
语法填空 建议用时：4'
drink- drank -drunk
fall- fell -fallen
bring- brought -brought
Pam: China is famous for tea, right
Liu Jun: Yes, both in the past and now.
Pam: ___1____
Liu Jun: Well, in many different areas. ___2____
Pam: ____3____
Liu Jun: Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. ____4___
Pam: What happens next
Liu Jun: ___5____
Pam: It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea. Do you know how tea was invented
Liu Jun: One of the world's favorite drinks was invented by accident. Can you tell me the history of tea
Pam: Yes, __6___ A nice smell was produced when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
A. The tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China.
B. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
C. Where is tea produced in China
D. tea was first drunk by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago.
E. How is tea produced
F. For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.
任务要求：补全对话 建议用时：4'
C
F
E
B
A
D
All stress can be solved as long as we face it in the right ways.
So, like Ne Zha, to be happy, to be strong, and to be energetic,
Your dream will be lit by your hard work in the end!
Please believe:
请相信：
只要以正确的方式面对，所有的压力都可以被你解决
所以，像哪吒一样，乐观、坚强、精力充沛
你的梦想，终将被你的努力点亮！！！
Homework
必做作业：1. AI生成平台完成15道自适应被动语态练习题（平台根据课堂错误类型自动推送）；
2. 用被动语态改写《哪吒2》剧情简介（至少8句，含3种不同时态）。
选做作业：1. 录制1分钟英语视频，介绍"中国茶文化中的被动过程"（如Tea is planted...is picked...is processed...）， AI语音评价流利度与语法准确性；
2. 挑战任务：分析《哈利波特》原著中5个被动语态句子，说明作者使用意图。
Passive Voice
Say Goodbye!

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