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2025-2026学年人教版九年级英语第一学期
定语从句知识点讲解
定语从句概述
定语从句：
在复合句中，修饰限定某一名词(或代词)的句子，叫定语从句。定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，在句中作定语，故又称为形容词性从句。
先行词：
指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常为名词（如人、物、地点、时间等），也可以是整个主句的内容。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系词的分类：
关系代词：who，whom，whose，that，which，as。
关系副词：when，where，why。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可作定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词作宾语时可以省略。
关系词作用：
引导定语从句
替代先行词
充当句子成分
定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+从句
定语从句类别：
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉后句意不完整，无逗号。
非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达，一般用逗号分开。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
that既可指人可指物，在句中作主语，不能省，作宾语，可以省略
eg：He is a man that/who often helps others. (作主语)
The letter that//which I received was from my father.（作宾语）
which指物，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
e.g This is the book which/that you want.（作宾语）
The building which//that stands near the river is our school.（作主语）
who指人，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
e.g This is the man who helped me.（作主语）
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.（作宾语）
whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可以省略。
e.g The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.（作宾语）
whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语。表示所属关系。
e.g Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. （作定语）
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.（作定语）
总结：
关系词 分类 先行词 在从句中的功能
关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
注意：关系代词that与which的基本用法及易错辨析
that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 但是下列情况只能用that.
1.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few, none等不定代词时。
2.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
3.先行词被all, only, very, no 等限定词修饰时。
4.先行词中既为人又为表示物的名词时。
5.主句以 who/which 开头的疑问句为了避免重复时。
7.当先行词是the way在句中作方式状语时，后面用that或者in which或者省略that。
先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。
1.关系代词放在介词之后。
2.that, those作主语时。
一、单项选择题
1．Many people prefer buying cars ________ run on electricity these days.
A．whom B．who C．which D．what
2．The student ________ the teacher considers a genius failed the final exam.
A．why B．whom C．whose D．which
3． The boy ____ is wearing a blue shirt is my brother.
A．which B．who C．where D．when
4． A true friend is a person ____ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A．who B．whom C．which D．whose
5． —Did you watch the most exciting dance ____ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake
—Yes, it was amazing.
A．which B．that C．who
6． I like smooth music ____ helps me relax after a long week at work.
A．what B．that C．who D．whether
7． I hate the people ____ don't help others when they are in trouble.
A．who B．which C．where D．what
8． —Nowadays, WeChat is very popular among friends.
—Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ____ people like.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
9． It's not a job for anyone ____ is slow with numbers.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
10． The boy ____ brother is an actor is Jack.
A．his B．whose C．who D．whom
11． The high-technology clothes____the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games.
A．that B．who C．what
12． It's hard to say goodbye to the teachers ____ have spent the past three years with us.
A．which B．who C．what
13． —What kind of music do you like
—I like music ____ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I'm full of energy.
A．what B．why C．that
14． —What kinds of after-school activities do you like
—I like those activities ____ are about P.E. and art.
A．who B．whom C．which D．/
15． All ____ we hear is in the form of waves(波).
A．which B．that C．when D．who
16． Is there anything ____I can do for you, Madam
A．which B．what C．who D．that
17． This course is for those ____ want to improve their spoken English.
A．who B．that C．which D．they
18． John's sister bought him a mobile phone ____ cost her 2, 000 yuan.
A．it B．which C．who D．this
19． The students ____ don't work hard will not pass the exam.
A．who B．what C．which D．whom
20． This is the book ____I bought last week.
A．who B．whom C．which D．when
二、语法填空
21． Everyone can collect waste 　 　 can be recycled at home.
22． Du Fu is a great Chinese poet 　 　 poems are popular around the world.
23． Do you know the boy　 　 is drawing on the blackboard
24． The Aerospace Square 　 　 was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.
25． If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing 　 　 can't be achieved.
26． Miss Xiang is a great teacher 　 　 always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
27． Lots of Chinese young people 　 　 were born after 1995 like to order takeout(外卖) to save time.
28． Lei Feng is a great person 　 　 sets a good example to us.
29．The church tower which 　 　 (repair) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
30． —Have you ever seen the film The Wandering Earth
—Yes. It's the best one 　 　 I have ever seen. (填入一个适当的引导词)
31． It successfully shows the rich culture 　 　 makes Beijing so famous.
32． —Do you know the man 　 　 is talking with the children
—Yes. He is my neighbour.
33． We should make great efforts to reduce pollution 　 　 is harmful to ourselves.
34． Could you list some ideas 　 　 can protect the environment
35． I like the books　 　are full of interesting stories.
三、句型转换
36． I will ask someone. Someone likes serious movies. (改为定语从句)
I will ask someone 　 　　 　 serious movies.
37． She sometimes talks to people. The people are watching her dancing. (合并为高级句子)
She sometimes talks to people 　 　 are watching her dancing.
38． The book is very interesting. I learned a lot from it. (合并为一个高级句子)
The book from 　 　 I learned a lot is very interesting.
39． This morning, I met some foreigners. They were from Canada. (合并为高级句子)
This morning, I met some foreigners 　 　 were from Canada.
40． There are millions of islands in the world. The largest of them is Greenland. (合并为高级句子)
There are millions of islands in the world, the largest of 　 　 is Greenland.
四、语法选择
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
What do you usually do in your spare time Many students choose to stay at home, but notZhang Hua, an 11-year-old boy 41． comes from Shantou. He spends at least one hour on outdoor activities every day.
Zhang Hua used 42． in his P. E. classes at school, and he never went out for enough exercise. One year ago his father noticed that, so he took his son to do outdoor activities. NowZhang is famous for outdoor activities on 43． Internet.
Many people show their opinions about Zhang and discuss 44． exercise after school is good for students. Some teenagers say exercise can make them relaxed and improve their memory. Their brains become 45． than usual after doing sports.
However, some parents think one hour 46． too much for students. "If my daughter joins in it, her study 47． ," a lady said. They have so much homework that they 48． have time for sports. Parents are also worried 49． the environment of outdoor activities.
In fact, both parents and children like outdoor activities. They agree that it plays an important role in their daily life and helps 50． a lot.
41．A． which B． who C． where
42．A． exercise B． exercising C． to exercise
43．A． a B． an C． the
44．A． why B． which C． whether
45．A． active B． more active C． the most active
46．A． be B． are C． is
47．A． is influenced B． was influenced C． will be influenced
48．A． hardly B． ever C． usually
49．A． with B． about C． of
50．A． them B． their C． theirs
参考答案
1-5CBBAB 6-10BAACB 11-15ABCCB 16-20DABAC
21．【答案】which/ that
22．【答案】whose
23．【答案】who
24．【答案】which/that
25．【答案】that
26．【答案】who/that
27．【答案】who/that
28．【答案】who/that
29．【答案】is being repaired
30．【答案】that
31．【答案】that/ which
32．【答案】who/ that
33．【答案】which
34．【答案】which
35．【答案】that/which
36．【答案】who；likes
37．【答案】who/ that
38．【答案】which
39．【答案】who/ that
40．【答案】which
【答案】41．B；42．C；43．C；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．C；48．A；49．B；50．A

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