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(共26张PPT)
Unit 2 Let’s talk teens
Grammar and usage
Simple,compound and complex sentances
Sentence elements
Subject
Verb
Object
Complement
谓语
宾语
补语
Adverbial
状语
Predicative
表语
主语
Attributive
定语
The teacher gave a speech.
Many students join school club.
We should develop good study habits.
Listening to music makes me relaxed.
Maggie plans her study carefully.
It’s a lovely day.
I went to a large library yesterday.
简单句、并列句和复合句
英语中的句子有三大类:简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。
They are playing baseball in the park.
他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her brother and sister are both teachers.
她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
Li huan and WangLin like drawing and often draw pictures for the wall newspapers.
李华和王林喜欢画画，经常为墙报画画。
1
4
5
2
3
6
7
8
主谓
主系表
主谓宾
主谓宾宾
主谓宾补
主谓状
主谓宾状
存现句
Sentence structures
S + V
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V + O + O
S + V + O + C
S + V + A
S + V + O + A
There be
Sentence structures
二、并列句
两个或两个以上由并列连词连在一起的简单句称为并列句。常用的并列连词有:
1.连接两个同等/递进概念,常用and,not only...but also..., neither...nor...等。例如:
The teacher’s name is Bob,and the student’s name is John.
这个老师叫鲍勃,这个学生叫约翰。
Neither has she changed her mind,nor will she do so.
她既没有改变主意，也不打算这样做。
2.表示选择,常用的连词有or,either...or...等。例如:
Shall we go out to the cinema or shall we stay at home
我们是出去看电影还是留在家里
Either you leave,or Tom leaves.
要么你离开，要么汤姆离开。
3.表示转折/对比,常用的连词有but,while等。例如:
He was a little man with thick glasses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
他个子矮小,戴着厚厚的眼镜,但他却能用一种奇特的方法使他的课生动有趣。
He wants to be a writer while I want to be a teacher.
他想当作家而我想当老师。
4.表示因果,常用的连词有so,for等。例如:
August is the time of the year for rice harvest,so every day I work from dawn until dark.
八月份是一年中水稻收获的季节,因此每天我都从早忙到晚。
You must be ill, for you look pale.
你一定病了，因为你看起来脸色苍白。
三、复合句
1.概念:复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。从句通常由关联词引导,关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
2.分类:按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。前四种从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词,统称为名词性从句。
(1)主语从句
How much income we can expect this year is not yet known.
我们今年能有多少收入还不知道。
Who will go is not important.
谁会去并不重要。
(2)表语从句
The answer is that he is one of the top three physicists in his particular field.
答案是在他的特殊领域里,他是三位顶尖的物理学家之一。
(3)宾语从句
Scientists explain that the outside of the earth is made of a number of different plates.
科学家解释说,地球的表层是由许多不同的板块构成的。
(4)同位语从句
The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.
他会康复的希望没有消失。
(5)定语从句
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
正和我父亲握手的那个人是个警察。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
词典是解释词语意思的书。
This is the place where my mother was born.
这是我母亲出生的地方。
(6)状语从句
Listen and be quiet while others are talking!
在别人说话时要听着,保持安静!
Go back where you come from.回到你来的地方去。
You can tell me if you need help.如果你需要帮助,你就告诉我。
随堂练习
一.用合适的连词填空
1.Excuse me for breaking in,　　　　　 I have some news for you.
2.He helps me do the cleaning 　　　　　I help him with his physics.
3.The car broke down,　　　　　 we had to find a telephone.
4.Do the job yourself 　　　　　ask others for help.
5.It must have rained last night,　　　　　 the ground is wet.
but
and
so
or
for
二.将两个简单句合并为并列句
1.It has no mouth.It can talk.
答案:It has no mouth,but it can talk.
2.You must tell the truth.You will be punished.
答案:You must tell the truth,or you will be punished.
3.He has many good friends.He is an honest man.
答案:He has many good friends,for he is an honest man.
4.He wants to be a writer.I want to be a scientist.
答案:He wants to be a writer and/while I want to be a scientist.
p20 A Exploring the rules
A simple sentence
a subject
a verb
E.g. My uncle works in a factory.
I enjoy playing football.
(2) So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you
along the journey to adulthood.
(3) Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health.
(4) You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem.
(6) You can visit the “teen health” forum on our website instead.
Simple sentences
A compound sentence
contains two or more main clauses;
uses linking words:
and, but,
E.g. Shall I send the book to you, or will you come to get it
Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can visit both in a day.
I cannot tell Mary’s appearance, for I have never seen her.
He didn’t return my calls, nor did he respond to any of my texts.
(5) It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry.
(8) Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users.
(13) There is a lot to see, so take some time to look around our website!
Compound sentences
A complex sentence
one main clause
at least one subordinate clause
subject
predicative
object
attributive
adverbial
e.g. I hope that high school will be more exciting.
As I grow older, I became more interested in poems.
(1) We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult.
(7) We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website.
(9) Before you write your post, however, take a look at other users’ posts first.
(10) It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum.
(11) If your problem is a new one, write a post about it.
(12) Our health experts will be glad to tell you what steps you can take to improve your situation.
Complex sentences
Types of sentences
Simple sentences
Complex sentences
Compound sentences
(2, 3, 4, 6)
(5, 8, 13)
(1, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12)
E.g. He left his hometown.
E.g. He left his hometown and served in the army.
E.g. He left his hometown where he had lived for two decades.
Simple sentences
Your password should be more than eight letters or numbers. This makes it difficult to guess.
Posts should not give out personal information. They should not include advertisements.
Posts should not give out personal information and they should not include advertisements.
Complex
Compound
and
Compound/Complex sentences
B1
Your password should be more than eight letters or numbers because this makes it difficult to guess.
Describe your problems clearly so other people can understand them easily.
Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily.
The experts will reply to you. They see your posts.
The experts will reply to you when/once/as soon as they see your posts.
What do you think of our forum Let us know.
Let us know what you think of our forum.
compound
complex
complex
so
because
unless
why
that
but
if
how
and
Homework
Finish the exerciseB1and B2 on page21, exercise C and D on page 64.
thank!

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