资源简介

(共34张PPT)
Unit 1
Grammar and usage
Subject-verb agreement
主谓一致
Lead-in
I a teacher.
You a pig.
He/She a techer.
The apple red.
These apple red.
am
are
is
is
are
主谓一致的定义：
主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则
（1）动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
①Smoking is a bad habit.
吸烟是一个坏习惯。
②To have known you is a privilege.
认识了你真是荣幸。
③what you can see here is that you get this interesting pattern.
现在你们可以看到这个有趣的图形。
④Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.　
所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
（2）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
①Coursework, as well as exam results, is taken into account.
除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。
②I think Tom, rather than you is to blame for the accident.
我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。
③The teacher, along with his students, was present at the meeting yesterday.
这个老师和他的学生都参加了昨天会议
（3）and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
Mike and Sue are always rowing.
迈克和休总是吵架
Both Beijing and Shanghai are big cities.
北京和上海都是大都会。
注意：①如果and连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting.
这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。
A knife and fork is easy for English people.
一副刀叉对于英国人来说是容易的。
②如果and连接两个“every/each+名词”的结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
Every boy and every girl in our class has made great progress.
（4）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
This is one of the novels that have ever been written by Mo Yan.　这是莫言所写的小说之一。
She is the only one of the girls who sings well in class.她是班里女生中唯一一个歌唱得很好的。
I, who am your friend, will help you. 我是你的朋友，我将会帮助你
（5）“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.
许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.　
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。
（二）意义一致原则
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
（1）集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。
Almost every family in the country owns a television.
这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。
My family are sports fans.
我们一家人是体育迷。
注意：形式为单数但意义为复数概念的police, people等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The police are searching for the murderer in the mountain.　
警察正在山里搜寻杀人犯。
The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever.
中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。
注意：people 意为“民族”时是可数名词，有单数形式。如：
The Chinese are a great people.
（2）“分数/百分数/all/some/most/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are worth reading.
这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。
Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.　
总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。
（3）“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The rich are not necessarily happy.
有钱人并不都是高兴的。
（4）a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数；谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义。quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。
A quantity of money is needed for the project.
这个项目需要大量的金钱。
A quantity of workers are needed for the project.
这个项目需要大量的工人。
With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
由于更多的森林被毁，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。
（5）“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of people invited was one hundred, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.　
收到邀请的总共有100人，但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。
（6）表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy.
对于一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。
Three years is a long time for me.
对我来说三年是一段漫长的时间
（7）如果主语由“...kind(s)/sort(s)/type(s) of +名词”构成，谓语动词常与kind、sort、或type保持“数”的一致。如：
This kind of flower is the most beautiful.
These types of car are sold to other countries.
（三）就近一致原则
就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
（1）由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also).., not...but...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。
Not only I but also she is enjoying the film.
不仅我而且她都在津津乐道地看电影
Neither you nor I am good at English .
你不擅长英语，我也不擅长
（2）在there be句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There are three books and a pen on the desk.
桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。
There is a book, two pencils and some buttons on the table.
在桌子上，有一本书，两支铅笔和一些扣子。
1. If you look at all sides of the situation，you ll find probably a solution that _______ everyone．
A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited
2. Each of the students _____ a dictionary.
A.Have B. have had C.has D. has had
【解析】句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。根据句意可知这里表示客观事实，用一般现在时，that引导定语从句，从句的谓语和先行词a solution一致，谓语用三单。故选C。
【解析】has。主语是 Each（每一个），是单数概念，动词用单数 has。。
3. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given
4. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,_______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise．
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
【解析】句意：艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了热烈的欢迎。本句中时间状语为last week，而且give与句子主语Amy是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，排除AB两项。Amy，as well as her brothers是主语部分，其中，as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语在数上保持一致，前面的主语是Amy，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
【解析】句意：现在，骑自行车，以及慢跑和游泳，被认为是最全面的锻炼形式之一。分析句式可知，cycling，along with jogging and swimming是由along with连接的并列主语，谓语需根据along with前面的主语cycling来选，即cycling是主语，所以谓语用单数形式；另外考查动词短语，be regarded as"被认为是……"，故选B。
5. A number of problems _____ been solved.
A.had B.have C.has D.has had
6. Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，______ some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept
【解析】have。A number of problems 意为“许多问题”，是复数概念。
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：沃尔玛，美国最大的连锁超市之一，让它的一些分店从周一到周六，一天24小时营业。由句意可知，要用一般现在时态；Walmart作主语，谓语要用单数，根据句意可知，讲的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故只有A项正确。
7. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
8. Neither the students nor the teacher _____ the answer.
A.Know B. Knows C. are known D. is known
【解析】考查主谓一致和动词的时态。the number of...“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故B、D项错。题干中的since 1990“自1990年以来”，常与现在完成时态连用，故C项正确。
【解析】knows。最靠近动词的主语是 the teacher（单数），所以动词用单数 knows。
9. Bread and butter _____ my favorite breakfast.
A. are B. is C. am D.were
10. One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people.
A. is；are B. is；is C. are；are D. are；is
【解析】are。Bread and butter 在这里是两样不同的东西，所以是复数概念，动词用复数 are。
【解析】考查主谓一致。“国家三分之一的领土”在概念上是单数，故系动词用单数；而“国家公民的大多数”是复数，故系动词用复数。选A。
1. Either you or I ________ (be) going to have to take him to the shop.
2. Fish and chips ________ (be) a famous British dish.
3. Skipping meals ________ (be) a bad way to lose weight.
4. There is a grocery near the school. Both bread and butter ________ (sell) well in that grocery.
5. Neither I nor Amy __________(be) to attend the business conference if we are busy.
6. The teacher, as well as her students, ________ (invite) to attend the meeting.
am
is
is
sell
is
was invited
Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools’. There _____(be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books ___(be) large, and maybe there are 100,000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars___(be) large to every student.
In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who _____ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student _____(like) to surf the Internet at weekends here, and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John ______________ (play) computer games there.
are
is
is
语篇填空
have
likes
are playing
主谓一致与高考
Everyone was surprised when Disney said its film team members were remaking The Jungle Book. Based on Rudyard Kipling's book of the same title, it describes the story of a boy named Mowgli. Mowgli and his animal friends live happily in the jungle until one day Shere Khan the tiger returns and tries to drive him out of the jungle.
In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. However, its old age shows. The new film uses much more advanced technology-not only the animals but also the jungle is digitally created. Building the jungle environment on the computer was no easy job. It took more than 800 artists over a year to work on the project. The Jungle Book lasts for about two hours but there is enough tension and humour to hold your attention during the whole the whole film. Two hours seems very short when you're having so much fun!
Part A
Go through the passage in Part A and finish the table.
Subject + Singular verb Subject + Plural verb
Everyone was its film team members were

Mowgli and his animal friends live
its old age shows
The new film uses
not only the animals but also the jungle is
Building the jungle environment on the computer was
The Jungle Book lasts
there is enough tension and humour
Two hours seems
Exploring the rules
1. Subject-verb agreement means choosing the correct singular or
plural verb according to the (1) ______.
2. The verb should be singular if the subject is (2) ___________;
the verb should be plural if the subject is (3) ____.
*You can choose more than one answer for each blank.
a a singular noun b a plural noun c an uncountable noun
d a book/film title e a verb-ing form f a phrase of two or more
words linked by and, referring to two or more objects or people
g a pronoun like everyone h a phrase of measurement like two hours
3. When not only … but also … is used as the subject of a sentence, or
there be is followed by two or more nouns as the subject of a sentence,
the verb agrees with the noun closest to it.
subject
a, c, d, e, g, h
b, f
Homework
1. Writing: (about 50 words)
Write a paragraph about your personal experience of seeing a film. Pay attention to the subject-verb agreement.
2. Finish Exercises C and D on Page 58 in the workbook.
谢 谢
Applying the rules
01.
Finish Part B
B1:
1. Is 2. are 3. makes 4. is 5. was 6. is
B2:
1. makes 2. is 3. looks 4. is 5. are
6. was required 7. was/were 8. were
B3: (Sample answer)
I think everyone has probably seen a 3-D film, but did you know that 3-D films were first made more than one hundred years ago, in 1915 To watch 3-D films requires a special cinema and 3-D glasses. 3-D effects can be really amazing, making things look like they are coming out of the screen, but sometimes they cause headaches and sickness for viewers. Many successful films, such as Avatar and Life of Pi, have been made in 3-D. Not only new films but also 2-D films like Titanic are now available in 3-D. In my opinion, this technology is really exciting, and some films are better to watch in 3-D than in 2-D. However, since it takes a lot of work to create 3-D effects, not all films do a good job of it.
Applying the rules

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