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专题三　形容词和副词
一、形容词
形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。其句法功能如下：
功能 用法
作定语 通常置于名词的前面，修饰中心名词。例：He is a clever boy.
作表语 位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。例：The beautiful flower smells very nice.
作宾语补足语 位于及物动词find、make、think、keep等后，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。例：I find it easy to learn English.
(1)形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything、someone、anyone等不定代词或somewhere、anywhere等不定副词时，要放在这些词的后面。
There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的内容。
(2)“基数词-表示长、宽、高或年龄的单数名词-形容词”构成复合形容词，作定语修饰名词。
He is an eight-year-old boy. 他是一个8岁的男孩。
二、副词
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、短语或整个句子，并借此来补充说明时间、地点、程度和方式等。
1.副词的构成
规则 例词
形容词词尾加后缀ly bright－brightly　quick－quickly
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加ly lucky－luckily　easy－easily
happy－happily
规则 例词
以le结尾的形容词，要去e，再加y simple－simply　terrible－terribly
probable－probably
部分以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词，去e，再加ly true－truly
有些以ly结尾的词并不都是副词，而是形容词，例如friendly、lonely、lovely、lively、likely等。
2.副词的分类
分类 用法 例词
时间副词 表示动作发生的时间，往往决定了句子的时态 today　yesterday　before　 then
地点副词 表示事情发生的地点，一般不与介词连用 here there　inside　anywhere
方式副词 表示动作发生的方式，可用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句 carefully　slowly　quietly
分类 用法 例词
程度副词 可用来修饰形容词和副词，少数可以用来修饰动词或介词短语 much　enough　hardly　very
频度副词 表示动作发生的次数，常用于一般现在时 usually　sometimes　never
疑问副词 引导特殊疑问句 when　why　where　 how
连接副词 表示因果、转折等关系或引导一个名词性从句 when　why　where　how
therefore　however
关系副词 引导关系从句(定语从句) when　why　where
常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：
always(100％)＞usually(90％)＞often(70％)＞sometimes(30％)＞seldom(20％)＞hardly ever (5％)＞never(0％)
3.副词的位置
一般位于被修饰的形容词、副词之前，动词之后或句首，在句中常用作状语。
(1)频度副词常放在系动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。
I will never forget the first time I met you.我将永远忘不了和你的第一次
见面。
(2)程度副词可修饰动词、形容词和副词。在修饰形容词或其他副词时，放在该形容词或副词前面。
I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。
It’s really true.确实正确。
(3)副词enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。
He isn’t old enough to join the army.他还不到参军的年龄。
三、形容词、副词的比较等级
1.变化规则
(1)规则变化
规则 例词
一般单音节词尾直接加-er或-est near－nearer－nearest　
fast－faster－fastest
hard－harder－hardest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词，直接加-r或-st nice－nicer－nicest　fine－finer－finest
规则 例词
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er或-est busy－busier－busiest
early－earlier－earliest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot－hotter－hottest
wet－wetter－wettest
部分双音节词或多音节词在原词前加more或most beautiful－more beautiful－most beautiful
carefully－more carefully－most carefully
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
little less least
badly/bad/ill worse worst
far farther(距离)/further(程度) farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.比较等级的用法
(1)原级
①as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
Miss Gao works as hard as Mr. Wang.高小姐和王先生工作一样努力。
②not＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as
English is not so difficult as Chinese.英语不如汉语难。
如果第一个as/so后的形容词作定语修饰名词，要将该名词及修饰语一并放在第一个as/so后。
Tom has as many toys as you do. Tom的玩具和你的一样多。
(2)比较级
①形容词/副词比较级＋than
The work is more important than you thought.这项工作比你想的更重要。
Michael cuts more finely than her. Michael比她切得更细。
②Which/What/Who...＋形容词/副词比较级，A or B？
Which do you like better，the dumplings or noodles？饺子和面条，你更喜欢吃哪个？
Who jumps higher，David or Bill？ David和Bill谁跳得更高？
③“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级...”表示“越来越……”。当形容词/副词为多音节或部分双音节词时，用“more and more＋形容词/副词原级”。
Rainforests are becoming smaller and smaller.热带雨林正变得越来越小。
China has developed more and more quickly.中国发展得越来越快。
④“the＋形容词/副词比较级...，the＋形容词/副词比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，表示某一事物特征随另一事物变化而变化。
The harder you work，the better you will be.你工作越努力，你就会变得越好。
⑤A＋be＋the＋形容词比较级＋of＋the two(＋名词).
He is the older of the two students.他是两个学生中较大的一个。
⑥“形容词/副词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数(＋比较范围)”意为“比同一范围的其他任何一个人或物都……”，表示最高级含义。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.John比班里其他任何一位男孩都高。
①形容词比较级前可加much、still、even、far、a little、a lot、a bit、any、two years、three times、one half等表示程度的词，用以加强语气。
We are living a much happier life than ever before.我们正过着比以前更幸福的生活。
②倍数表达法
a.A＋be＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B.
b.A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than B.
This building is three times as tall as that one.这座建筑物是那座的三倍高
(3)最高级
①形容词/副词最高级＋of/in/among＋比较范围
I think roses are the nicest of all the flowers. 我认为玫瑰是所有花中最漂亮的。
He runs fastest among these boys. 他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。
②Which/Who...＋(the＋)形容词/副词最高级，A，B，or C？
Which is the longest pencil，red，green or blue？
红色的、绿色的和蓝色的铅笔，哪一个是最长的？
Who sings the best，Lily，Lucy or Mike？ Lily、Lucy和Mike谁唱得最好？
③“主语＋be＋one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词＋of/in/among＋比较范围.”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河流之一。
④the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.非洲是世界第二大洲。
形容词最高级前若有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不能再加定冠词the。
This is my most unforgettable trip.这是我最难忘的一次旅行。
(　 　)1.(2025福建)AI technology in China has developed 　　　　than anyone expected.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest
(　 　)2.(2025福建)Harbin held the 9th Asian Winter Games 　　　　in February 2025.
A.quickly B.suddenly C.successfully
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B
C
(　 　)3.(2025福建)—Mom，let’s go to the supermarket.
—Wait a moment. It’s 　　　　to make a shopping list first.
A.wise B.friendly C.difficult
(　 　)4.(2024福建)David is really 　　　　after the 1，000-meter race，so he has to take a rest.
A.worried　 B.bored　 C.tired
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A
C
(　 　)5.(2023福建)—To tell the truth，I am now feeling very 　　　　.
—Take it easy. You’ll make it.
A.peaceful B.nervous C.confident
(　 　)6.(2023福建)—Jane won first place in the art festival.
—Yes，her mother told me very 　　　　 just now.
A.strictly B.proudly C.weakly
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B
B
(　 )7.(2022福建)—Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes，you sang 　　　　of all.
A.beautifully B.more beautifully C.the most beautifully
(　 )8.(2022福建)As soon as the national hero came into the hall，everyone became 　　　　and stood up to welcome him.
A.tired B.cheerful C.upset
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C
B
(　 )9.(2021福建)Children usually play this kind of word game 　　　　than grown-ups.
A.well B.better C.best
(　 　)10.(2021福建)Photos are 　　　　，but they say a lot about our lives.
A.special B.strange C.silent
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B
C
(　 　)11.(2025福州二检)—It’s hard to build the model plane.
—You need to be 　　　　and follow the instructions carefully.
A.kind B.brave C.patient
(　 　)12.(2025宁德二检)—China is becoming stronger and more beautiful.
—So it is. We 　　　　our motherland.
A.are interested in　 B.are proud of C.are strict with
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C
B
(　 　)13.(2025宁德一检)—My room is 48 m2. What about yours，Kate？
—It’s only 16m2. It’s one third as 　　　　as yours.
A.long B.wide C.large
(　 　)14.(2025莆田二检)—Who will be the next winner？
—It must be David. He 　　　　finishes the task perfectly.
A.always B.still C.even
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C
A
( )15.(2025莆田二检)—In modern society，time is becoming increasingly 　　　　.
—We should make good use of every minute.
A.normal B.regular C.valuable
(　 )16.(2025漳州二检)My grandpa lives a healthy life. He 　　　　stays up late.
A.nearly B.really C.hardly
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C
C
(　 　)17.(2025泉州二检)—Are the Twin Towers in Kaiyuan Temple the same in height？
—Actually not. The west one is 4.18 meters 　　　　.
A.low B.lower C.the lowest
(　 　)18.(2025三明二检)Qingtuan is a(n) 　　　　spring snack in the southeast of China during the Qingming Festival.
A.personal B.traditional C.international
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B
B
(　 　)19.(2025龙岩二检)—Chinese players won 12 gold medals at the 2025 World Skills Competition！
—Wow！ We 　　　　them！
A.are afraid of B.are proud of C.are careful of
(　 　 )20.(2024宁德二检)—Our uncle is out of danger now.
—So he is. Thanks to Dr. Li’s excellent 　　　　skills.
A.musical B.medical C.chemical
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B
B
(　 　)21.(2024莆田二检)—It’s hard for me to make a choice！
—You can turn to Marie. She’s always a 　　　　thinker.
A.free B.happy C.clear
(　 　)22.(2024厦门二检)—I really hate hui nan tian！
—So do I. I can’t stand the 　　　　wall. There is water everywhere.
A.wet B.broken C.pale
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C
A
(　 　)23.(2024厦门二检)—Thinking 　　　　and trying bravely are very important to young people.
—I couldn’t agree more.They’re valuable qualities.
A.honestly B.creatively C.slowly
(　 　)24.(2023南平二检)Please keep the lights 　　　　when you are not using them.
A.on B.up C.off
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B
C
(　 )25.(2023宁德二检)—With the help of robots，doctors can perform operations more efficiently.
—How 　　　　it is！
A.boring B.amazing C.interesting
(　 )26.(2023泉州二检)After following the doctor’s advice to lose weight，Dad looks 　　　　before.
A.less healthy than B.as healthy as C.healthier than
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B
C
(　 　)27.(2023三明二检)—Have you finished the book yet？
—Yes，I was 　　　　moved by the story. It really touched my heart.
A.deeply B.wisely C.simply
( 　 )28.(2023漳州二检)In many cases，the same idea is expressed
　　　　.
A.politely B.differently C.carefully
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A
B
(　 　)29.(2022莆田二检)—Why don’t you go home？
—To avoid the 　　　　traffic now.
A.quicker B.heavier C.cleaner
(　 　)30.(2022漳州二检)—So much smoke in the room.
—Open the windows and let some 　　　　air in.
A.hot B.fresh C.warm
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B
B
(　 )31.(2022三明二检)You should learn how to greet people 　　　　before you go to a foreign country.
A.properly B.seriously C.lazily
( )32.(2021龙岩二检)—Could you give me some bread？ I’m 　 .
—OK.
A.thirsty B.hungry C.sleepy
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A
B
(　 )33.(2021厦门二检)—When do we need to hand in our writing，Sir？
—The 　　　　，the better，but no later than Thursday.
A.longer B.sooner C.easier
( 　 )34.(2021厦门二检)Chinese shadow puppetry(皮影戏) brings our traditional stories 　　　　on stage.
A.likely B.lively C.lonely
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B
B
(　 )35.(2021漳州二检)—Nowadays some people are always busy checking their mobile phones while getting together.
—So it is. They should put down phones and have more talks 　　　　.
A.already B.instead C.aloud
B
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