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专题五　数词
数词分为基数词和序数词，可作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
1.基数词
(1)构成
基数词 构成
1～12 one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve
13～19 表示“十几”都以后缀teen结尾
20～90 表示“几十”的整数均以后缀ty结尾
基数词 构成
21～99 十位数和个位数之间须用连字符“-”连接
101～999 百位数和十位数之间用and连接
例如：265→two hundred and sixty-five
1 000以上的数 先从右往左数，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。第一个逗号读作thousand，第二个逗号读作million，第三个逗号读作billion
例如：17，123→seventeen thousand one hundred and twenty-three
(2)基本用法
基数词的其他用法
①基数词与名词、形容词可组成复合形容词，用作定语，其结构是“基数词-单数名词”或“基数词-单数名词-形容词”，如an eight-year-old boy。
②基数词与 hundred、thousand、million、billion连用时，这些词要用单数形式；若这些词和of搭配构成短语，表示不确定的数目，则要用复数形式，如five hundred、hundreds of。
③“数词＋more＋名词”或“another＋数词＋名词”表示“再；又……”，如two more boys＝another two boys。
2.序数词
(1)构成
序数词 构成
1～3 first、second、third
4～19 一般在基数词词尾加th构成。特殊：fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth
20～90整十 先将基数词词尾y变成ie，再加th，如twenty→twentieth
两位数或多位数(整数除外) 其他位数不变，仅将个位数变成序数词，如twenty-one→twenty-first
基变序，有规律，一二三，特殊记，结尾字母t、d、d；八去t，九去e，ve要用f来替；整十基数变序数，ty变成tie，th最后加上去；要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序；不论几百几十几，个位变化就可以
(2)用法
①表示顺序，其前通常加the。如果序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词，则不加the。
The dining room is on the second floor with a view of the tower.
餐厅在二层，从那里可以看到这座塔。
Mary’s fifth birthday party was a big success. Mary的五岁生日聚会非常成功。
②序数词与不定冠词连用，表示数量上“又一，再一”。
Try it a second time. 再试一次。
3.分数、百分数的表达
(1)分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母加 s。
(2)当分母是2时，也可以用 half来表示，如：1/2 a half；当分母是4时，也可以用 quarter来表示，如：3/4 three quarters。
特殊结构：1/5 one in five　　3/10 three in ten
(3)百分数可以用“基数词＋percent”表示，常与of连用。percent无复数形式。
Genius is one percent of inspiration and ninety-nine percent of perspiration.
天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。
当分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要由分数或百分数后面的名词的数而定。
①倍数的表达：两倍 twice　　三倍及以上 基数词＋times
②小数的读法：11.34读作eleven point three four
一、选择填空
(　 　)1.(2025南平二检)I’ve never been to Nanping. This will be my 　　　　visit to Mount Wuyi.
A.first B.second　 C.third
(　 　)2.(2025宁德二检)Look at the triangle on the right. If AC is
3 and BC is 4，we know AB is 　　　　.
A.five B.seven C.nine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
A
(　 　)3.(2025龙岩二检)In China，the number “9” stands for “long-lasting”，so the houses on the 　　　　floor sell well.
A.fourth B.seventh C.ninth
(　 　)4.(2024莆田二检)—Have you been to Harbin Ice-Snow World？
—Yes，I have been there 　　　　. It is well worth visiting.
A.two B.second C.twice
C
C
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(　 　)5.(2023南平二检)Qian Xuesen returned to China in his 　　　　and devoted all his life to his motherland.
A.forty B.forties C.fortieth
(　 　)6.(2023宁德一检)After the aircraft carrier (航空母舰)Liaoning and Shandong，China launched its 　　　　one on June 17，2022.
A.second B.third C.fourth
B
B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(　 　)7.(2023南平一检)—Fifty students are in my class，but you only offer forty music books to us.
—Sorry，　　　　of them couldn’t get the books. The new ones will arrive next Monday.
A.one fifth B.two fifths C.three fifths
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(　 　)8.(2022泉州一检)—Professor Li，I’m afraid we can’t finish the program on time.
—OK. I’ll give you 　　　　days.
A.more five B.another five C.five another
(　 　 )9.(2021福州二检)Although Alex had already failed eight times，he still decided to have a 　　　　try.
A.nine B.ninth C.ninths
B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
B
二、短文填空(节选)
1.(2024南平二检)Women’s Tangzhuang has ________ styles： traditional，national and fashionable.Traditional style has Chinese designs with flowers. National style uses designs that are like poems or good luck signs.
2.(2022福州二检)The world’s oceans cover nearly three ________ (four) of the Earth’s surface. They are a great source of food for people around the world.
1
2
3
three/3
fourths
3.(2022莆田二检)It was the ________ (two) time that they had held an open class for students on Earth.
second
【补充训练】
选择填空
(　 　)1.Tom became a soldier in 　　　　. He was in 　　　　at that time.
A.1990s； twenties B.the 1990s； his twenties C.the 1990s； the twenties
(　 　)2.—Look！ It is 　　　　.
—Yes. Let’s have lunch.
A.five to twelve B.five past twelve C.twelve past five
B
B
1
2
3
4
5
(　 　)3.I have a 　　　　daughter. She is a middle school student.
A.thirteen-years-old B.three-years-old C.twelve-year-old
(　 　)4.—There are so many people on the playground watching the flag rise.
—Two 　　　　them are from the villages and towns.
A.thousand of B.thousand C.thousands of
C
A
2
1
3
4
5
(　 　)5.Mount Tianzhu is a good place to have fun and 　　　　tourists go camping there in summer.
A.hundred
B.hundreds
C.hundreds of
C
1
2
3
4
5

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