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专题十一　动词的语态
英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1.被动语态的构成
分类 构成
一般现在时 am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时 was/were＋及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
含情态动词 情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
2.使用被动语态的情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是执行者时。
The glass was broken last night.玻璃昨晚被打碎了。
(2)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
Five people were hurt in the explosion.五个人在这次爆炸中受伤。
感官动词(see、hear、watch等)或使役动词(have、make、let)在主动语态中后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。
The boss made us work eight hours a day.→We were made to work eight hours a day by the boss. 老板让我们每天工作8小时。
3.主动形式表被动意义的用法
(1)need/require doing sth.表示被动意义，相当于sth. needs/requires to be done。
The bike needs repairing.这辆自行车需要修理。
(2)动词open、sell、read、write、wash等用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物。
The book sells very well.这本书卖得很好。
(3)感官动词 feel、sound、taste、look 等后跟形容词构成系表结构，表被动意义。
The dish smells nice.这道菜闻起来不错。
(4)形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词要用主动形式表示被动意义。
The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
(　 )1.(2025福建)China’s Beijing Library 　　　　“Public Library of the Year” in 2024.
A.named　　　　 B.was named C.will be named
( 　)2.(2024福建)The photos are beautiful.I wonder where they 　　　　.
A.will be taken　　 B.are taking C.were taken
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B
C
(　 　)3.(2022福建)Last month，the little girl 　　　　well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering.
A.is cared for　　 B.was cared for C.will be cared for
(　 　)4.(2021福建)Many research labs 　　　　in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A.are building B.will be built C.were built
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B
B
(　 　)5.(2025福州二检)Chinese medicine 　　　　by more and more foreigners.
A.knows B.is known C.has known
(　 　)6.(2025南平二检)You can order food online and it 　　　　to you soon.
A.is sent B.was sent C.will be sent
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B
C
(　 　)7.(2025莆田二检)The Putian Lantern Festival 　　　　for a whole month every year.
A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.was celebrated
(　 　)8.(2025厦门二检)—Guess what？ Pets will be able to ride Hong Kong’s light rail train (轻轨).
—Yes！ But only dogs and cats 　　　　and they must be in a fully closed backpack.
A.allow B.are allowing C.are allowed
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B
C
(　 )9.(2025漳州二检)The 2025 World Culture and Tourism Industry Expo (博览会) 　　　　in Guangzhou from May 10 to May 12.
A.was holding B.was held C.is held
(　 )10.(2025三明二检)It was dangerous after the heavy rain yesterday. Drivers 　　　　to drive carefully to avoid accidents.
A.are warned B.were warned C.will be warned
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B
B
(　 )11.(2024福州二检)Whenever we 　　　a difficult task，we should keep trying until we complete it.
A.give B.are given C.will give
(　 　)12.(2024南平二检)—Have you ever noticed how quickly our daily lives are changing？
—Certainly！ Our daily lives 　　　　by AI in many ways.
A.influenced B.are influenced C.was influenced
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B
B
(　 　)13.(2024三明二检)My advice on how to save paper 　　　　by my class last week.
A.accepted B.was accepted C.is accepted
(　 　)14.(2024厦门二检)To make the living environment better，the old factory 　　　　a city park last year.
A.turned into　 B.was turning into C.was turned into
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B
C
(　 　)15.(2024漳州二检)—It seems that electric cars can’t run as far as usual in cold weather.
—You’re right. But I believe the batteries 　　　　soon.
A.have improved B.will be improved C.were improved
(　 　)16.(2023泉州二检)In Mr. Chen’s class，many chances 　　　　to the students to learn from each other.
A.offered B.are offering C.are offered
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B
C
(　 )17.(2023三明二检)Sanming is a green city because more and more trees 　　　　every spring.
A.plant B.are planted C.are planting
( 　)18.(2023厦门二检)Now waste from daily life in our city 　　　into four different groups.
A.is divided B.divides C.is dividing
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B
A
(　 )19.(2023漳州二检)Now teenagers 　　　to take part in more social activities.
A.have encouraged B.are encouraging C.are encouraged
(　 　)20.(2023南平二检)ChatGPT has influenced people’s life a lot since
it 　　　　.
A.is developed B.was developed C.will be developed
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C
B
(　 　)21.(2022福州二检)The villagers expect that the building of the bridge 　　　　before the rainy season comes.
A.completes B.is completed C.will be completed
(　 　)22.(2022龙岩二检)—Why don’t you set off？
—My flight 　　　　because of the bad weather.
A.cancel　　 B.was canceled C.will be canceled
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C
B
(　 )23.(2021泉州二检)How excited Tom was when he 　　　　that he won the Excellent Student Award！
A.told B.was told C.has told
(　 )24.(2021三明二检)—Hi，Jim！ Have you finished your homework？
—Not yet. It 　　　　in twenty minutes.
A.finished　 　B.was finished C.will be finished
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B
C
(　 　)25.(2021福州三检)—Why was Wendy so happy this morning？
—Because she 　　　　for her creative answer to the question in the math class.
A.praised B.is praised C.was praised
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C

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