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(共28张PPT)
Grammar and usage
Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects
Unit 2 The universal language
Lead in
It belongs to the classical Chinese music.
Many foreigners enjoy and understand it.
High mountains and flowing water
主语
代词
总结：____词和____词可以做主语、宾语
宾语
名词
主语
名词
宾语
代词
名
代
The universal language
Showing qin in front of the foreigners made us very proud.
Many foreigners are interested in playing qin.
High mountains and flowing water
总结：_________________可以做主语和宾语
主语
宾语
v-ing（动名词）
动词-ing形式是动词的一种
_______形式，包括__________和_______。
本宫一日不死，尔等终究是妃！
臣妾
现在分词
臣妾
过去分词
臣妾
不定式
臣妾
动名词
非谓语
现在分词
动名词
动名词在句中充当的成分与名词类似，即作主语、宾语、表语（说明主语是什么东西）、定语（表示用途，目的）
现在分词的作用类似于形容词和副词，在句子中主要充当定语（表动作）、状语、补语、表语（说明主语是怎样的）
Explore the rules
The story of Boya and Zhong Ziqi
Before Boya met Ziqi
1.v-ing做主语，谓语动词用单数.
2.v-ing在剧中做主语时，有时可以用形式主语it代替
3.v-ing 跟在动词，介词和介词短语之后做宾语
4.名词所有格+v-ing是动名词的复合结构,此时的动名词有自己的逻辑主语
5.v-ing的否定为not+v-ing
6.v-ing的被动语态为being done，被动否定为 not being done
Explore the rules
After Ziqi’s death
When Boya met Ziqi
总结：
Fill the blanks
1.Listening to Boya's music __________(be) a kind of enjoyment.
2.Playing qin _________(be) his life.
3.__________(listen) to Boya’s music was worthwhile.
was
Listening
was
It is worthwhile doing... 做......是值得的
It is ________/_________ doing... 做......无用的
It is __________ doing ... 做......是没有好处的
It is __________________ ... 做......是浪费时间的
There is no point (in) doing... ________________
Before Boya met Ziqi
Explore the rules
It was worthwhile listening to Boya’s music.
1.v-ing做主语一般表示泛指的行为，谓语动词用___数.
2.v-ing在句中做主语时，有时可以用形式主语____代替，将真正
主语放后面。
单
it
no use useless
no good
a waste of time
做......没有意义
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
It's worth making the effort. 做出努力是值得的。
V-ing 作主语
覆水难收
1.Boya didn’t say anything before playing the qin, yet ...
2.When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said ...
3.In fact, Boya had intended to call the piece …
4.From then on, Boya never got tired of sharing his music.
confidant(知己)
动词：like, enjoy, avoid,consider,advise,suggest,mind,keep等
介词：by, after等
短语：be capable of doing， get down to doing， have trouble in doing， be used to doing, be busy doing等
When Boya met Ziqi
Explore the rules
总结：
v-ing 跟在____，_____和_________之后做宾语，如continue，before，get tired of等
动词
介词
短语
Some classical Chinese musics
White Snow In Sunny Spring《阳春白雪》
High Mountains And Flowing Water 《高山流水》
A Music From Guangling 《广陵散》
Erhu
Chinese zither
lute
Chinese bamboo flute
1. 后面只能接v-ing作宾语的动词和词组有：
V-ing 作宾语
承认(admit)喜欢(enjoy)别放弃(give up)
允许（allow/permit）错过(miss)莫介意(mind)
避免(avoid)冒险(risk)要逃脱（escape）
考虑(consider)禁止(forbid/prohibit)以防止(prevent)
建议(advise/suggest)推迟(delay/postpone/put off)来完成(finish)
感觉像/想要(feel like)想象(imagine)
忙于(be busy)否认（deny）不提及(mention)
欣赏/感激(appreciate)不厌恶(dislike)
突然开始(burst out)原谅(forgive)与忍受(stand)
忍不住(can't help)要持续(keep)练习 (practice)
allow/permit/
forbid/advise 后如果有sb作宾语，则可用不定式作宾补
2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词：begin, start, continue, like, dislike, love, prefer, mean, forget, remember, hate, regret 等。
(1) 在begin, start, continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无区别。
(2) 在like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，用动名词或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同：动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。
(3) 在动词forget, remember, regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同：动名词表示动作______发生，不定式表示动作______发生。
V-ing作宾语
已经
还没
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(事情已经做过)
regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(事情正要做或还未做)
a. I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back.
我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。
b. I regret to tell you that you failed the test.
我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。
a. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour.
错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。
b. I’m feeling very guilty - I've been meaning to call my parents for days, but still haven't got around to it.
我感到非常内疚——几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。
mean doing sth 意味着……
mean to do sth 打算做某事
need, demand, want, require, 在表示“需要”时，用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义，或用不定式的被动形式。
need/demand/want/require + doing = need/demand/want/require + to be done
eg:
The car needs repairing. = The car needs to be repaired.
这辆车需要修理。
Tips
V-ing 作宾语
1. _____ a foreign language well requires a lot of practice.
A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Learned
解析：句子缺主语。这里表示“学好一门外语”这件一般性、抽象的事情，用动名词作主语最自然。虽然不定式（C）有时也可作主语，但多表示具体的、未来的或一次性的动作，此处用动名词更常见。答案：B
2. She suggested _____ to the new Italian restaurant for dinner.
A. to go B. go C. going D. went
解析：动词 suggest 后接宾语时，如果这个宾语是动作，必须用 V-ing 形式，即 suggest doing sth。答案：C
3. I’m looking forward to _____ from you soon.
A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear
解析：关键在 look forward to，这里的 to 是介词，而不是不定式符号。介词后面必须接名词、代词或动名词（V-ing）。答案：B
4. _____ too much time on video games is harmful to children’s eyes.
A. Spend B. Spending C. Spent D. To spend
解析：同第1题，句子缺主语，表示“花费太多时间”这件事，用动名词作主语。答案：B（注意：虽然 D 不定式也可作主语，但在此表示一般性事实，动名词更常见。）
5. He denied _____ the confidential file.
A. steal B. stealing C. stolen D. to steal
解析：动词 deny 后必须接 V-ing 作宾语，即 deny doing sth（否认做了某事）。答案：B
6. Would you mind _____ the window It’s a bit cold in here.
A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed
解析：Mind 作“介意”讲时，后接 V-ing 作宾语，即 mind doing sth 或 mind one’s doing sth。答案：B
Why did Boya destroy his qin
Free talk
B1 Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blanks. P21
1. Listen to music is my favourite thing to do.
2. I really enjoy to read biographies of musicians.
3. It’s no use try to play the violin if you’re not going to give it your best shot.
4. Would you mind to teach me how to play the guitar
5. These instruments were meant for play traditional Chinese music.
Listening
reading
trying
teaching
playing
Applying the rules
B2 Complete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of (1) ____________ (represent) mankind The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to this question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out (2) _________ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. (3) __________ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life existed on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any). A group of scientists and artists got down to (4) _________ (choose) suitable music.
representing
to explore
Sending
choosing
Applying the rules
Of course, they had trouble (5) ________ (select) which pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music (6) ______ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu (7) _______ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it.
It took about 40 years for the Voyager spacecraft (8) _______ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
selecting
lasting
playing
to enter
Applying the rules
The universal language
It stands for Chinese tradition.
Having a discussion
For example:
1.Holding music festival will give the public more chances to appreciate traditional Chinese music.
2.We can make more foreigners know traditional Chinese music by...
3. ...
How can we make our traditional Chinese music known by more foreigners
competition
media
education
Writing
假如你是李华，请你向英国的一位小学校长Mr. Black推荐中国传统音乐。
1.听传统音乐的好处
2.获得传统音乐的途径
3.推荐一首中国传统音乐并说明原因
Thank you!
1. Enjoy more traditional Chinese music.
2. Finish your writing.
3. Review what you’ve learnt.
Homework
1. Boya was curious about ___________________ as expected.
2. _________________________made Boya very sad.
3. _____________________ with sorrow made him destroy his qin.
4. People was shocked by ___________________his qin.
Boya’s being overcome
总结：
his destroying ; Zhong ziqi’s passing away;
Ziqi’s not showing up; Boya’s being overcome;
Ziqi’s not showing up
his destroying
Zhong ziqi’s passing away
2.v-ing的否定为_____________
3.v-ing的被动语态为______________，被动否定为 __________
I’m looking forward to _________________
(play) the piano. However, ______________ (succeed) in watching the concert made me upset because of _______________(delay) by the traffic.
Explore the rules
1._______________是动名词的复合结构,此时的动名词有自己的逻辑主语
one’s doing
not doing
being done
not being done
Lang lang’s playing
not succeeding
my being delayed

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