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(共23张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural disasters
BY MICHELLE
Discovering Useful Structures
Describe pictures of disasters
What is attributive？
美丽的 花朵
a beautiful flower
可爱的 小孩
a cute child
多彩的 城市
a colorful city
adj.
n.
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
Pre-attributive
（前置定语）
Post-attributive
（后置定语）
a beautiful girl
a colorful world
an exciting game
a girl receiving the letter
the boy under the tree
the book recommended by the teacher
单个形容词
短语
短
长
What is attributive clause？
句子： 主句 + 从句
Football is the sport which I like best.
先行词
关系词
连接主从句
代替先行词
充当从句成分
定语从句如何来？
Do you know the boy He is playing the guitar.
Last week Mary wore the dress. I give it to her.
关系词代替先行词
Do you know the boy who is playing the guitar.
Last week Mary wore the dress which I give to her.
定语从句结构
I have a friend who is visiting the Great Wall now.
She is helping the boy who was buried in the earthquake.
He went to the gym where he was used to exercise.
先行词（名词或代词）+关系词+从句（定语从句）
定语从句分类
限制性定语从句（Restrictive Attributive Clause）
非限制性定语从句（Non-restrictive Attributive Clause）
有逗号隔开
没有逗号
The room whose window faces south is mine.
Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
定语从句关系词
原则：当定语从句缺成分（不是状语），用关系代词
当定语从句缺成分（状语），用关系副词
做法：先行词放入从句中，缺什么补什么
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词：when, where, why
关系代词that、which
The robot was a toy that/which I bought last Friday.
从句：I bought... last Friday
that/which在从句中充当宾语
The computer that/which was in the classroom was broken.
从句：... was in the classroom
that/which在从句中充当主语
主+谓+...+状
从句缺宾语
...+谓+表
从句缺主语
that, which作宾语时可省略
关系代词who、whom
He is the boy who won the game.
从句：... won the game
who在从句中充当主语，且指人
Mary is the girl whom you know well.
从句：you know...
whom在从句中充当宾语，且指人
...+谓+宾
从句缺主语
主+谓+...
从句缺宾语
who, whom作宾语时可省略
关系代词whose
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.
从句：... name is known
whose在从句中充当定语
He has written the book whose cover is Mr. Xu.
从句：...cover is Mr. Xu
whose在从句中充当定语
主+谓
主+谓+表
scientist’s name is known
book’s cover is Mr. Xu
n.（先行词）+关系词+n.:关系词往往填whose
关系代词whose
whose 在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，可与of which (whom) the ... 互换。
Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
of whom the
This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.
of whom the
This is the book whose cover is blue.
of which the
【注意】关系代词that与which指物时常可互换，以下情况用that：
1. 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代词或先行词被only, few, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时。
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop
I have read all the books that you gave me last month.
2. 当先行词同时包括人和物时。
The writer and his novel that the teacher has just talked about are unknown to most students.
cThe first thing that we should do is to make a plan.
David is one of the most creative boys that I have ever known.
【注意】不用that的情况：
1. 非限制性定语从句中，前面有逗号，关系词不用that。
Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.
Tom, who is the manager of the factory, will come to give us a talk.
2. 介词后面的的关系代词，关系词不用that。
Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour.
3. 先行词本身是that时，关系词不用that。
This is that which he bought yesterday.
4. 先行词是those，且指人时，关系词不用that。
Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.
关系 代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 定语
who
whom
which
that
whose















定语从句关系代词用法总结
作宾语
可省略
用适当的关系代词填空
1. The man came to our school is Mr. Wang.
2. The girl I met is Lucy.
3. A child parents are dead is called Tom.
4. I like the book you bought yesterday.
5. I met an old friend in the street went abroad
three years ago.
6. I have a room window faces south.
who
whom
whose
that/which
who
whose
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below. What function do the restrictive relative clauses have
The Tangshan earthquake is a terrible experience that my grandma cannot forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
宾语
主语
主语
定语
宾语
唐山大地震对于我曾祖母而言是一段无法忘记的痛苦经历。
住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇在火山爆发后去做了志愿者。
向灾区提供的补给品是从全国募集而来的。
李先生对于新城的设计已经获得了赞誉。
一位与James一起工作过的医生在2016年厄瓜多尔地震中牺牲了。
Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text on page 50.
1. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2. ......, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
3. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
4. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or “/”. Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
whose
who
（that）
that /which
whose
whom
who
这里有些人的家园被台风摧毁了。
建筑物可怕的摇晃把人们从睡梦中惊醒。
第二天，人们用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避难所。
几天以后，大多数被飓风破坏的建筑物得到了修缮。
那个在灾难中失去了母亲的受伤男孩被送去了医院。
这位女士给营救她的战士写了一封感谢信。
这就是那个从楼里救出了好几位被困同学的男孩吗？
Example:
A: What’s the search and rescue dog doing
B: It’s looking for the people who survived the earthquake.
Work with a partner. Take turns to ask each other about the pictures. Make sentences with restrictive relative clauses using that, which, who, whose, or whom.
What are the soldiers doing
The soldiers are putting up the tents which/that are used as shelters for the homeless in the earthquake.
Find more stories about rescue in disasters, try to describe them and write them down. Use more restrictive relative clauses.
Homework
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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