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FREDOENGLISH 原创课件
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高中英语教学
微信号：FREDOENGLISH
定语从句
B1U4 Grammar
关系代词
目录/Contents
1. 知识铺垫
4. 练习与运用
3. 总结与归纳
2. 感知与发现
知识铺垫
part 1
1. 知识铺垫
简单句
并列句
复合句
句子类型
两个及以上简单句
两个及以上简单句
名词性从句
定语从句
状语从句
1. 知识铺垫
请画出下列句子的成分
My head aches.
主语
谓语
Students finish the tasks.
宾语
主语
谓语
Everything looks different.
主语
谓语
表语
She ordered herself a new dress.
主语
谓语
间接宾语
直接
宾语
The war made him a soldier.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾补
1. 主+谓
2. 主+谓+宾
3.主+系+表
4.主+谓+间语+直宾
5.主+谓+宾语+宾补
1. 知识铺垫
简单句的基本句型
1. 主+谓
2. 主+谓+宾
3.主+系+表
4.主+谓+间语+直宾
5.主+谓+宾语+宾补
5种基本句型都有什么成分？
TIPS
一个简单句必须有主语，且仅有一个谓语
1. 知识铺垫
定语从句
复合句
两个及以上简单句
TIPS
一个简单句必须有主语，且仅有一个谓语
断句：划句子，以一个 主语+谓语 为单位
1. 知识铺垫
practice：划分句子
step1
找出主语和谓语
This is the house which we lived in last year.
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
step2
根据句意断句
使用括号（）
This is the house which we lived in last year.
第一个简单句
第二个简单句
1. 知识铺垫
practice：划分句子
step1
找出主语和谓语
step2
根据句意断句
使用括号（）
The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.
The boy who broke the window is called Michael.
The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister.
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
1. 知识铺垫
This is the house which we lived in last year.
第一个简单句
第二个简单句
这两个句子是什么关系？
1. 知识铺垫
第一个简单句
第二个简单句
复合句
主句
从句
从句的作用？
修饰限定前面的名词或代词
先行词
定语从句
修饰限定
This is the house which we lived in last year.
1. 知识铺垫
定语从句
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句
先行词
关系词
被修饰的名词或代词
引导定语从句的连接词
This is the house which we lived in last year.
感知与发现
part 2
2. 感知与发现
画出下列句子的定语从句（）表示，找出先行词和关系词.
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
2. 感知与发现
从文章中寻找更多的定语从句
画出从句部分
找出先行词和关系词
2. 感知与发现
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.
Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
总结与归纳
part 3
3. 总结与归纳
discussion
将句子按关系代词分类，讨论其用法
3. 总结与归纳
for example
关系代词 先行词 （人/物） 从句中充当什么成分？
that
物
宾语
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 先行词 （人/物） 从句中充当什么成分？
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 先行词 （人/物） 从句中充当什么成分？
who 人 主语或宾语
which 物 主语或宾语
that 人/ 物 主语或宾语
whose 人/物 定语
whom 人 宾语
作宾语时
可以省略
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 who
作主语
指人
指人，除了用who
还可以用？
The couple ____________ live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
that
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 who
作宾语
缺宾语
指人，除了用who
还可以用？
He is the athlete _______ I met yesterday.
whom
/that
作宾语时 可以省略
指人
He is the athlete who I met yesterday.
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 whom
The boy __________ the teacher often praises is their monitor.
whom
缺宾语
The man _________you spoke just now is my captain.
speak to sb
在从句中作介词的宾语
且直接跟在介词后时，
用whom，不用who/that。
to whom
作宾语
指人
指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，也可用who/that来代替。
作宾语时 可以省略
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 that
作宾语/主语
指人
He is the athlete _________________ I met yesterday.
that/who/whom
Do you know the girl _________ is talking with our teacher
that/who
作宾语时 可以省略
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 that
作宾语/主语
指物
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience_______ my great-grandma cannot forget.
which
指物，除了用that
还可以用？
作宾语时 可以省略
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 which
作宾语/主语
指物
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience____________ my great-grandma cannot forget.
that/which
The report____________________ Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.
that/which
作宾语时 可以省略
3. 总结与归纳
重难点
that ？ which？ 的区别
3. 总结与归纳
that ？ which？ 的区别
只能用that的情况
当先行词是all，little，few，much，something等不定代词或者被all，much，little，no等不定代词修饰时。
当先行词被the only，the very等修饰时。
当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
当先行词中既有人又有物时。
All that can be done has been done.
Music is the only thing that interests me.
This is the most shocking news that I have ever heard.
She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her.
3. 总结与归纳
that ？ which？ 的区别
只能用which的情况
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
The traveller saw many buildings along the way,which were quite different from those in his hometown.
关系代词前有介词时。
在非限制性定语从句中。
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
The traveller saw many buildings along the way,which were quite different from those in his hometown.
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
The traveller saw many buildings along the way,which were quite different from those in his hometown.
3. 总结与归纳
关系代词 whose
作定语
指人/物
The classroom _________ door is broken can hold 40 students.
谁的
whose
the door of which
of which the door
关系代词whose 指物时
“whose＋名词”可用
“限定词＋名词＋of which”
或“of which＋限定词＋名词”来代替。
练习与运用
part 4
4. 练习与运用
练习1：使用定语从句合并句子
The baby who was rescued from the building was crying.
The baby who was crying was rescued from the building.
step1 确定先行词
step2 合并句子
EXAMPLE
The baby was crying. The baby was rescued from the building. (who)
4. 练习与运用
练习1：使用定语从句合并句子
The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.
The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks that/which covered the ground.
We need to help the people who have lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter.
The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman. The woman's family survived the earthquake. (whose)
The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks. The bricks covered the ground. (that/which)
The people lost everything in the quake. We need to help them prepare for the coming winter. (who)
4. 练习与运用
练习2：选择恰当的关系代词
that
who
whom
whose
which
EXAMPLE
who
step1划分主从句
step2 确定先行词
step3分析从句成分
step4 确定关系代词
缺主语
Do not follow the people ________ make you feel not-good-enough.
4. 练习与运用
练习2：选择恰当的关系代词
that
who
whom
whose
which
The only part of the meal __________ I really liked was the dessert.
She showed the visitors around the museum _____________ had been constructed three years before.
Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children 　　　　are “really, really smart”.
I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class 　　　　 creativity would infect other students.
They will never forget the things and persons 　　　　 they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
who/that
whose
that
that/which
that
thanks

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