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(共33张PPT)
介词+关系代词
Attributive Clause
part 1
定语从句 复习
1. The girl drinking milk on the couch is my sister.
2. The car which is parked outside is mine.
3. I have something to say.
4. They are looking for someone capable of handling the situation.
5. He is a man of great honor.
找出下列句子的定语：
定语复习
1. This is the very diamond ring ______________ I want to buy you as your birthday gift.
2. I’d appreciate it if you could help me find out the reason ______________ the machine is out of order.
3. I visited the Sistine Chapel in Rome the year before, ______________ ceiling is beautifully decorated.
牛刀小试
that
why
whose
定从解题步骤
Step 2 判断从句完整性
判断从句完整性：是否符合五大基本句型，结构是否完整
主语 + 谓语
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
Birds fly.
She is happy.
The boy kicked the ball.
He gave me a book.
You made me sad.
She was not the gorgeous woman she was before she married.
This is the reason leads me here.
This is the place we visited last time.
I know the man you just talked with.
This is the reason I was told.
动宾
介宾
直接宾语
主语
表语
Step 2 判断从句完整性
that, which, who, whom, as
where, when, why, 介+which
whose, of + which/whom
从句完整
从句不完整
定从选词
(2010 安徽) Villagers here depend on the fishing industry,_______________ there won’t be much work.
A. where
B. beyond which
C. by which
D. without which
真题再现
D
Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, without which there won’t be much work.
Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, there won’t be much work without the fishing industry .
先行词
which= the fishing industry
还原
介词+关系代词 从本质上来说，还是看介词和先行词之间的关系
part 2
介词 + 关系代词
The man ________________ you should write to is Mr. White.
This is the pen_______________ I worte the letter with.
从句缺介词宾语时，选用关系代词
whom/who/that
The man to whom you should write is Mr. White.
This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.
介词+关系代词由来
但是介词可以放到关系代词的前面，就形成了“介词+关系代词”
that/which
介宾
介宾
介词+关系代词
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person, ___________ she could turn for help.
2. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine ___________ you asked.
3. Wu Song was the man ___________ the tiger was shot.
4. He was educated at the local high school,_____________ he went on to Beijing University. (2009浙江)
to whom
for which
by whom
after which
介词 + which
≈关系副词 where,when,why
介词 + which
in/at/on which 替代 when
on the day
I will never forget the day when my son was born.
I will never forget the day ______________ my son was born.
in the year
The year when the earthquake happened was 2008.
The year ______________ the earthquake happened was 2008.
on which
in which
at the moment
I’ll never forget the moment when we met.
I’ll never forget the moment ______________ we met.
介词 用于何种先行词 例句
at which 时刻 (time, moment, instant) the moment at which
in which 时期 (year, month, century, era) the year in which
on which 日期 (day, date, occasion) the day on which
at which
in/at/on which 替代 where
on the farm
This is the farm where I used to work.
This is the farm______________ I used to work.
This is the address where you can find him.
This is the address _______________ you can find him.
at the address
on which
at which
He forgot the exact place where he had hidden the jewellery.
He forgot the exact place ______________ he had hidden the jewellery.
in the place
介词 核心意象 用于何种先行词 例句
in which 在…里面 (内部空间) house、city、country、car、box the city in which
at which 在…地点 (特定位置点) station、address、party、point the station at which
on which 在…表面上 (平面之上) street、planet、page、farm、coast the street on which
in which
for which 替代why
I’d like you to explain the reason why you refused my offer of help.
I’d like you to explain the reason for which you refused my offer of help.
介词+which用法（和关系副词一样，在句中做状语）
where = in / on / at which
when = in / on / at which
why = for which 有且只有以上介词可以等同替换
介词 + whom
This is the man _____________ I learn new things.
This is the pen _____________ I wrote the letter.
介词 + whom
from whom
with which
I wrote the letter with the pen. 作方式状语
I learn new things from the man. learn from 作介词宾语
这里指人，用whom
介词+whom 本质上是用介词宾语来明确从句和先行词之间的关系
从句完整，但关系副词没法表达清楚
part 3
介词的选择
1. I will never forget the time ______________ I was with my friends in the country.
2. I will offer you a better way ______________ you can do the job.
3. She can’t forget the month ______________ she stayed there.
介词的选择
根据先行词固定搭配确定
during which
in which
in which
1. She bought several dresses, _____________ she spent all her money.
2. It is the grammar rules _____________ I am not sure.
3. The teacher _____________ we are fond is Mr. Wang.
根据从句中动词或形容词的搭配确定
on which
of which
of whom
根据句子所表达的具体意义确定
1. This is the pilot ______________ my son was saved.
2. Can you see the river ______________there is a bridge
3. He is fishing by the river, _____________there is a boat.
4. This is the river _____________ he used to fish.
by whom
across which
on which
by which
特殊用法 of whom/which表示 部分与整体
1. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等不定代词或者数词，以及 “the +最高级/比较级”。这时of whom/which表示部分与整体。
1. He has many apples. Some of them have gone bad.
He has many apples, some of which have gone bad.
2. He has three sisters. All of them are abroad.
He has three sisters, all of whom are abroad.
3. The football team has 15 members, the oldest of whom is 25 years old.
从句完整
关系词作定语（whose / of + which/whom）
I like books __________ covers are shiny.
从句完整
books’ covers
whose
books’ covers
the covers of books
关系词代入
whose covers
the covers of which
关系词代入
I like books the covers of which are shiny.
前置定语
后置定语
2. whose = of which/whom 所属关系
I like girls ____________ hair is black and long.
whose
girls’ hair
the hair of girls
关系词代入
关系词代入
whose hair
the hair of whom
I like girls the hair of whom is black and long.
前置定语
后置定语
注意！！！
一些 “动词+介词” 固定短语在定语从句中一般不拆开使用，介词仍放在后面。如：look for, look after, take care of, hear from等。
This is the painting which/that I’m looking for.
This is the painting for which I’m looking.
介词+whose
The family in______________ house we stayed was very generous.
Thanks to Mr. Smith, ______________ help I made great progress in English.
They lived in a house ______________roof was damaged in the storm.
whose
without whose
whose
思维导图
牛刀小试
1. He has visited many countries, most of ______________ are in Europe.
2. He has visited many countries, and most of ______________ are in Europe.
3. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of ______________ wanted to buy it.
4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, but neither of ______________ wanted to buy it.
which
them
whom
them
Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children ________________ some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.
长难句分析

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