资源简介

(共16张PPT)
语法精练 重实效 演练核心要点
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟联考）The virtuous （有德行的） man
cherishes a respect for the law, ______ the evil man cherishes generous
treatment.
while
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接两个分句，表示对比，
应用while。
2.（2025·宁波镇海中学模拟）Bear also notes handwriting is a tool that,
once learned, can serve students as they travel throughout their academic
journey _____ beyond.
and
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“throughout their
academic journey”和空后的beyond是并列的状语,且构成递进关系,应用and。
3.（2025·河南重点高中联考）Fireworks are wildly popular, _______ they
have been linked to air pollution increases, and experts are concerned
about their negative effects on wildlife.
but/yet
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接并列分句,前后句构成
转折关系,应用but或yet。
4.（2024·T8第二次联考）Therefore, to see what your Chinese zodiac
animal is, ___ to confirm whether you are a Loong, you need to change
your Gregorian calendar birthday to the lunar calendar of the year when
you were born.
or
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的动词不定式短语“to
see...”和空后的动词不定式短语“to confirm...”构成选择关系,应用or。
5.（2025·广西一模）The late Mei Lanfang （1894-1961） now, is once
again able to “appear” in front of audiences thanks to digital technology.
Dong got very excited and emotional ________ she saw that Master Mei
was “really talking” on stage.
when/as
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句,意为
“当……时”，且主句动作与从句动作同时发生，应用when或as。
6.（2025·安徽部分学校二模）All in all, ________ you are interested in
martial arts or want an all-round approach to well-being, Maze Fist
ensures you a rewarding experience.
whether
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，
“whether...or...”意为“无论……还是……”，为固定搭配。
7.（2025 ·安徽皖江联盟最后一卷）_____________________ historic and
natural wonders are still the priorities, Chinese tourists now prefer a more
rural experience.
Though/Although/While
解析：考查状语从句。根据“Chinese tourists now prefer a more rural
experience”可知，空处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，应用though或
although或while。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
8.Weak _________ I am in physics for the moment, I am confident that I
can catch up.
as/though
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句,意为
“尽管”，表语weak 置于句首,从句使用部分倒装,应用as或 though。
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2025 ·潍坊一模）Wing Chun is a southern Chinese kung fu style.
The Wing Chun is known for placing 1._________ （emphasize） on
technique rather than strength. It also calls for practitioners to stay relaxed
while they are fighting, 2._________ （allow） them to achieve a kind of
softness or flexibility. This relaxed flexibility gives Wing Chun fighters
3.___ special kind of strength that allows them to bend, not break, just
like bamboo.
emphasis
allowing
a
Legend has it that Wing Chun founder Ng Mui was living at South
Shaolin Temple 4.______ it was attacked and destroyed by Qing Dynasty
forces. Surviving the attack, she escaped 5.___ the border area between
Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province. There she met a young woman
6._______ （name） Yim Wing-chun，who 7._______ （final） became
one of her top students. She taught Yim an improved version of Shaolin
Kung Fu, known as Wing Chun now. This new martial art 8.___________
（spread） and grown into different branches over the past three hundred
years.
when
to
named
finally
has spread
Ip Man， featured in the eponymous （同名的） hit films，9._____
（be） a notable practitioner of Wing Chun style martial art. He also
taught the Wing Chun to his student，Bruce Lee, who would go on to
act in the beloved Hong Kong kung fu movies 10.__________ helped
make Chinese martial arts famous around the world.
was
that/which
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了咏春拳这一中国南方
武术形式，包括其起源、发展、技术特点以及相关的历史人物等。
1._________
emphasis
解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词形式作placing的宾语。
“place emphasis on...”意为“重视……”，为固定短语。
2._________
allowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语；此处表示自
然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。
3.___
a
解析：考查冠词。“a（n）...kind of...”意为“一种……”，为固定短语，且
special 的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
4.______
when
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，意为
“当……时”，应用when。
5.___
to
解析：考查介词。“escape to...”意为“逃到……”，为固定短语。
6._______
named
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，作后置定语
修饰a young woman, name与所修饰词之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过
去分词形式。
7._______
finally
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词 became，应用副词
形式。
8.___________
has spread
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，____ and grown
为谓语；根据时间状语over the past three hundred years可知，应用现在
完成时；主语martial art为单数，助动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
9._____
was
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意和下文内容可知，应用一般
过去时；主语Ip Man为单数，be动词应用第三人称单数形式。
10.__________
that/which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行
词Hong Kong kung fu movies，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词
that 或 which。(共27张PPT)
第三讲 并列句（成分）与状语从句
1.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）It was very exciting to hear the Chinese
language _____ see how Tang's play was being performed.
and
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，hear the Chinese language和
see how Tang's play was being performed是并列关系，应用连词and。
2.（2024·浙江卷1月）Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry
home ___ you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
or
解析：考查并列连词。“either...or...”意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，
空处应用连词or。
3.（2023 ·全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast （反差） that
shouldn't work, _______ somehow these two very different worlds make a
good combination.
but/yet
解析：考查并列连词。根据语境可知，空处前后为转折关系，应用连词but
或yet。
4.（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）To eat one, you have to decide whether to
bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill
（溢出），___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue （舌头）.
or
解析：考查连词。“whether...or...”意为“是……还是……”，为固定句式，空
处应用连词or。
5.（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）________________ the two young women were
strangers before the meet, they've since become friends.
Although/Though
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，意为
“虽然、尽管”，应用although或though引导。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
6.（2020·全国卷Ⅲ）_________ he asked the villagers on the banks of
the river where he could find the legendary （传奇的） artist, they
smiled and pointed down the river.
When/As
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示
“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，
故应用when或as引导。单词位于句首,首字母应大写。
考点一
并列连词及并列句式
常考并列连词 表示并列关系 and、 both...and... 、 not only...but （also）... 、 neither...nor...等
表示转折、对比关系 but、 yet （然而）、 while （然而）等
表示选择关系 or、 either...or...、 not...but...等
表示因果关系 so、for（一般不放在句首）等
特殊并 列连词 及并列 句式 when 可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时",相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然……
2. be on the point of doing sth, when...正要做某事，这时突然……
3. be doing sth, when...正在做某事,这时突然……
4. had just done sth. when...刚做完某事。这时突然……
续表
特殊并列连词 及并列句式 “祈使句十and/or+陈述句"结构中，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语
续表
＊（人教必修一U2）It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues,
and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
令人惊奇的是，这里有8 000多座雕像，直到20世纪70年代，现代才有人
知道它们。
＊（人教选必二U2）Laura says she always feels hungry when she smells
it, so I taught her how to cook it, too.
劳拉说，每次闻到香味，她就感到饥肠辘辘，于是我也教她做这道菜。
＊（人教选必四U2）I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for
hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument.我试着学习如何吹奏它，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远无法用这个乐器发出乐声！
＊（北师大必修三U9）Your inner voice expresses your personal
opinions, while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you
hear or read.你内心的声音表达你的个人观点，而外部的声音告诉你你所听到或者读到的观点。
＊（译林必修二U4）A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一个小孩和一个男
人正在海滩上散步，这时小孩突然发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在耳边。
续表
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空
1.（北师大选必三U7）If you think you can't be replaced by software,
___ your job can't be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are
wrong.
or
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接并列的宾语从句,表示
选择关系,应用连词or。
2.（北师大必修三U7）Everyone knows that Ludwig van Beethoven is a
musical genius _______ few might know how he created Symphony No.9
in D minor and how its first show went.
but/yet
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接并列分句,表示转折关
系,应用连词but或yet。
3.（北师大选必二U4）Both his father and mother were successful actors
and singers, ____ it was natural for him to follow in their footsteps.
so
解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接并列分句,表示因果关
系,应用连词so。
考点二
状语从句
状语从句有九类，分别是时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从
句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句、结果
状语从句和比较状语从句。
从句类型 连接词
时间状语从句 1, when、while、as、since、before、after、whenever
2. until、till
3. as soon as、instantly/ directly/ immediately、the
moment/ the minute/the instant （一……就……）
4. the first time、the last time、every time、cach time
从句类型 连接词
地点状语从句 where、wherever
原因状语从句 because、since、as、in that、now that
条件状语从句 if、unless、as/ so long as、in case
让步状语从句 although/though/as、while（表示尽管）
whether... or...、no matter what/when/where... 、even il/though
续表
从句类型 连接词
方式状语从句 as、as if/though
目的状语从句 in order that、so that
结果状语从句 so/such...that...
比较状语从句 as...as...、than
续表
例句
＊（北师大选必一U1）I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him.
自从我离开学校之后再也没有见过詹金斯先生，但我常常想起他。
＊（北师大选必二U5）She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry，and had a tendency to break things when/while no one understood her.
她有时很烦人、很固执，而且很容易发怒。当没有人能理解她的意思时，她就会摔东西。
续表
例句
＊（北师大选必二U5）It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle （384-322 BCE）.
人们愿意相信这些古老的见解，这一点并不奇怪，因为那是伟大哲学家亚里士多德（公元前384年~公元前322年）提出来的。
＊（人教必修一U3）I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible.
我总是想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩一样，尽管我明知这不可能。
续表
【名师点津】 （1） before的常见句型归纳：“It was not/won't be
long+before...”意为“不多久就……”；“It will be+一段时间+before...”意为
“要过多久才……”；“It won't be+一段时间+before...”意为“用不了多久
就……”；
（2） as引导的让步状语从句一定要倒装；though引导的让步状语从句可
以倒装，也可以不倒装；although引导的让步状语从句一定不倒装；while
引导让步状语从句时,一般置于句首,且不倒装；
（3）“no matter+特殊疑问词”只能用于引导让步状语从句，可与“特殊疑问
词+-ever”互换;“特殊疑问词+-ever”可以引导让步状语从句,也可以引导其他
状语从句和名词性从句；
（4）as if/though引导方式状语从句时，从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与
事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
1.（人教必修一U1）My adviser recommended that I should sign up for
advanced literature _______________ I like English and I'm good at it.
because/since/as
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导原因状语从句，意为
“因为”，应用because或since或as。
2.（人教必修一U5） ____ China plays a greater role in global affairs，
an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate
China's culture and history through this amazing language.
As
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句,意为
“随着”，应用as。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
3.（北师大必修一U1）He had met wonderful teachers from small villages
during his early school years and he was inspired by them to go and
teach _______ he was needed the most.
where
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导地点状语从句，应用
where。
4.（人教选必三U1） _____________________ it is over 500 years old, it
looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created.
Although/Though/While
解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句,意为
“虽然、尽管”，应用although或though或while。单词位于句首,首字母应大
写。
高分策略 精思维 解题势如破竹(共31张PPT)
第四讲 特殊句式
1.（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）It's you _________ make me fall in love with
writing, my social studies teacher.
who/that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，被强调部分是句
子的主语，根据强调句的结构“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”
且被强调部分指人可知，空处应用who或that。
2.（2018·天津卷）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our
house _____ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，被强调部分是
when引导的时间状语从句。根据强调句的结构“It is/was+被强调部分
+that/who+其他部分．”可知，空处应用that。
3.（2018·浙江卷6月）Many westerners who come to China cook much
less than in their own countries once they realize _____ cheap it can be
to eat out.
how
解析：考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处为感叹句，空后是形容词,空
处应用how引导。
考点一
倒装句
1.完全倒装
情况 例句
表地点、方位、时 间的副词或介词短 语置于句首，且主 语为名词 ＊（译林选必三U1）Before us stretched the
unending sand dunes that marked the beginning of
the Sahara. 在我们面前，绵延不绝的沙丘标志着撒
哈拉沙漠的开始。
＊（北师大必修二U5）Then came the total darkness
of the polar winter. 之后，完全漆黑的极地的冬季来
临了。
情况 例句
为了强调句子的表 语或保持句子平衡，将作表语的形 容词、分词、介词 短语或such 置于句 首时，且主语为名 词 ＊（译林必修三U3）Gone are the days of searching
shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—you
can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in
the comfort of your living room. 一家店一家店寻找
那双最合适的靴子的日子一去不复返了——你可以在
舒适的卧室里轻松快捷地比较款式和价格。
续表
2.部分倒装
情况 例句
具有否定意义的副词或含有 否定词的连词或介词短语置 于句首 ＊（译林选必四U4）Little did I know that
I was about to experience the best four
years of my life. 我一点也不知道自己即将
经历人生中最美好的四年。
＊Not only did this activity provide a
chance for us to exercise, but it also made
us more cohesive.
这次活动不仅为我们提供了一次锻炼的机
会，而且使我们更有凝聚力。
情况 例句
“only+状语（副词/介词短语/ 状语从句）”置于句首 ＊（译林必修三U3）Only in this way can
the Internet be a place of discovery,
wonder and inspiration for everyone. 只有
这样，互联网才能成为一个让每个人有所
发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。
续表
情况 例句
在“so+ adj./adv.+that...”和 “such +n.+that...”句型中， so/such 连同它们所修饰的成 分置于句首时（主句用部分 倒装，从句不倒装） ＊So fast does light travel that we can
hardly imagine its speed.
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
＊Such good use does he make of his
spare time that his English has improved
a lot. 他如此充分地利用空闲时间以至于他
的英语提高了很多。
续表
情况 例句
so/neither/nor 置于句首表示 上句的情况也适用于下句 ＊He can play the piano. So can I. 他会
弹钢琴,我也会。
＊We didn't win the game. Neither did
they. 我们没有赢得比赛,他们也没有。
续表
【即时演练1】——完成句子
1.我喜欢这部电影，我所有的朋友也喜欢。
I love this movie and ____________________.
so do all my friends
2.只有当你能找到内心的平静时，你才能和他人保持良好的关系。
Only when you can find peace in your heart ________________________
_____________________.
will you keep good relationships with others
3.大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点。许多著名历史人物的石雕像矗立
在那里。
The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. ________________
____________________________________________
There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.
考点二
省略句
1.状语从句的省略
情况 例句
当状语从句的主语与 主句主语一致,且谓 语中含有be动词时, 常省略从句主语和be 动词 ＊（译林选必四U2）When （they were） spoken
by a stranger, they can function as a means of
attracting your attention. 当陌生人说这些时，它们
可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。＊（人教必修三U5）Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, as if （he is） looking at something he can't believe is there. 然后他把钞票折叠起来,慢慢地再次展开,好像在看什么他不敢相信的东西。
情况 例句
当从句主语是it,且谓 语中含有be动词时, 常省略it和be动词 ＊If （it is） possible, please contact me at your
earliest convenience.
如果可能的话,请在您方便的时候尽早与我联系。
＊The matter, if （it is） well handled, will
benefit us a lot. 这件事如果处理得好,会对我们大
有益处。
续表
【名师点津】 （1）after、before、because引导的状语从句无此用法；
（2）在状语从句的省略中，确定连词之后的非谓语动词形式，要考虑该
动词与主句主语之间的关系。
＊Though lacking money， his parents managed to send him to college.
（lack与his parents之间为主动关系）
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法送他去上大学。
＊The kid always keeps silent unless asked.（ask与kid之间为被动关系）
除非被问到，否则这个孩子总是保持沉默。
2.如果复合句中从句的句尾和主句重复，从句的句尾可省略。
＊Li Lei will play football if Mike will （play football）.
如果迈克要踢足球，李雷就会踢足球。
＊Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't （sweep the
floor）.
玛丽要去扫地，因为爱丽丝不会去扫地。
3.在回答问句及其他形式的答语中，如有和上文重复的动词不定式结构时，
在答语中只保留其动词不定式符号to，而把动词和其他部分省略。
＊—I'll be away on a business trip. Would you like to look after my cat
——我要出差了。你愿意帮我照顾一下我的猫吗？
—No problem. I'd like to （look after your cat）.
——没问题，我很乐意（照顾你的猫）。
4.一些特殊的省略结构，如“What/How about...？”“Why not do．..？”等实
际上已成了习惯用法。
＊—I usually go there by train.
——我经常坐火车去那里。
—Why not try going by boat for a change
——为什么不试试换成乘船出行呢？
5.I'm afraid、I think、I believe、I hope、I guess等作答语，后面接so与
not来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容。
＊Maybe I will be proved wrong, but I hope not.
也许我会被证明是错的，但我希望不是那样。
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
1.While _________ （study） at the University of Cambridge, he was
diagnosed with motor neuron（运动神经元） disease at the age of 21.
studying
解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知,此处为状语从句的省
略,study的逻辑主语与主句主语一致,且逻辑主语he与study之间为主动关系，
可省略从句主语和be动词，应用现在分词形式。
2.As ________ （plan）, the game will be held on the playground from
5：00 p.m. to 8：00 p.m. next Sunday．
planned
解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句的省略，
plan的逻辑主语与主句主语一致，且逻辑主语game与plan之间为被动关系，
可省略从句主语和be动词，应用过去分词形式。
考点三
强调句、感叹句和祈使句
1.强调句
分类 用法
强调主语、宾 语、状语等 1.基本句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.
（被强调部分指人，用who或that皆可；指物，只能用that）
2.一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分？
3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他成分？
4.“not...until...”的强调句型：It is/was not until...that+其他
成分.
例句
＊It is my mother who/that does the cooking every day.
每天都是我妈妈做饭。
＊Was it in the park that he met our new teacher
他是在公园里遇到的我们的新老师吗？
＊How was it that your brother succeeded in finishing the difficult
task
你哥哥是怎样成功完成那个困难的任务的呢？
＊It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅是因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
分类 用法 例句
强调谓语 基本结构： do/does/did+动词原 形。该结构只用于肯 定句，并且只有一般 现在时和一般过去时 ＊She did tell me her address, but
I forgot all about it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全
忘了。
＊Do be careful while crossing the
street.
过马路时一定要当心。
续表
2.感叹句
分类 用法 例句
what 引导 的感叹句 1.What+a/an+adj.+可数名词 单数+主语+谓语！ 2.What+adj.+可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+主语+谓语！ ＊What a dangerous scene it
was!
多么危险的一幕啊！
＊What good news you have
brought us!
你给我们带来了多好的消息啊！
分类 用法 例句
how引导的 感叹句 1.How+adj.+a/an+可数名词 单数+主语+谓语！ 2.How（+adj./adv.）+主语+ 谓语！ ＊How interesting a place it
is! It is worth a second visit.
这是多么有趣的一个地方啊！它
值得再来一次。
＊How time flies!
时间过得真快啊！
续表
3.祈使句
祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语
一般为第二人称（通常省略）。其否定式一般在动词原形前加don't或never。
分类 例句
动词原形 （+宾语）+其他成 分 ＊Make what you're doing today
important,because you're trading a day of your life
for it. 要重视你现在所做的事情，因为这是你用生
命中的一天交换来的。
祈使句 +and/or/otherwise+ 陈述句（陈述句谓 语用一般将来时） ＊Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the
result.
明天打电话给我，我会告诉你结果。
＊Hurry up, or you will miss the train. 快点儿，
否则你会赶不上火车。
分类 例句
名词短语 +and/or/otherwise+陈述句（名词短语中多含有more、 another、further 等） ＊One more effort, and you will succeed.
再努力一把，你就会成功。
续表
【即时演练3】——单句语法填空
1.（2025·黑龙江省实验中学期中）It is only when we embrace such
innovations in technology _____ we can learn of their full potential and
develop them.
that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处为强调句,被强调
部分为“only+状语从句”，应用that。
2.Find more chances to praise your children often, _____ you'll find they
are willing to communicate with you.
and
解析：考查祈使句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空前为祈使句，空后
为陈述句，且前后句之间是顺承关系，应用and。
3.I can't believe _____ quickly they finished the project, considering the
huge amount of work involved!
how
解析：考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，空后为“副词+主语+谓语”，应用
how引导感叹句，感叹句作动词believe的宾语。(共37张PPT)
第二讲 名词性从句
1.（2024·全国甲卷）On a cool， starry night in mid-September 1870,
four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ______ is
now northwestern Wyoming.
what
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语
从句中作主语，应用what。
2.（2024·浙江卷1月）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger
quantities, that's ______ they'll promote.
what
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺
少宾语，指物，应用what。
3.（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）They also need to be ready to give interviews
in English with international journalists. This is _____ they need an
English trainer.
why
解析：考查表语从句。“This is why...”意为“这就是为什么……”，为固定
句型。
4.（2022 ·浙江卷1月）Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference
organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely.
whether/if
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，意为“是
否”，应用whether或if。
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，其功能相当于名词词组，
在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此名词性从句又可分为主
语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
考点一
主语从句
分类 引导词 例句
从属 连词 that（无实义）、whether （是否）只起 连接作用，不 作成分，一般 不省略，也可 用it作形式主语 ＊（人教必修二U4）With all this beauty, it is
not surprising that Ireland has developed strong
traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.
这般美景，造就了爱尔兰包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮
在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。
＊（人教选必一U5）Whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
是否有可能培育出水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交
种，是一个有很大争议的问题。
分类 引导词 例句
连接 代词 who、whom、 whose、what、 which、 whatever、 whichever等 ＊（译林选必一U1）What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours. 我最喜欢四川火锅的地方是它们提供了一个很好的与朋友交往的机会，因为一顿饭可以持续几个小时。
＊Whichever team wins on Saturday will go
through to the national championships. 无论哪支
球队在周六获胜，都将晋级全国锦标赛。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接 副词 when、where、 why、 how、 whenever等 ＊（人教选必一U5）How this could be done
was a challenging question at the time. 如何做到
这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。
＊It makes no difference where we shall have
the meeting.
我们在哪里开会都无所谓。
续表
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空
1.（人教选必二U2）At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say,
but ______ surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class
after just a few weeks.
what
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,且在从句中
作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。
2.（北师大选必三U9） How it is used, ________ it is a blessing or a
curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.
whether
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,从句中不缺
成分，空处意为“是否”，应用whether。
3.（译林选必一U4）It is believed _____ this poem was written by Li Bai
in his teenage years.
that
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It 为形式主语,空处引导主语从
句,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。
考点二
宾语从句
分类 引导词 例句
从属连词 that（无实义）、 whether/if （是否）只 起连接作用, 不作成分 ＊（人教必修三U1）And if you study festivals
carefully, you may be surprised to find that
different cultures actually have a lot in common
after all.
如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同
的文化实际上有很多共同之处。
＊（人教选必二U3）Put more simply, while
people continue to argue over whether or not
fatty food is dangerous, we already know that
sugar is a killer. 简单地说，当人们还在继续争
论高脂肪食物是否有害时，我们已经知晓糖分是
健康的杀手。
分类 引导词 例句
连接代词 who、 whom、 whose、 what、 which、 whichever等 ＊（人教选必二U1）Besides being brilliant, he
was brave, though sometimes careless in what
he said or did. 除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，虽
然有时说话或做事会粗心。
＊（人教选必四U5）This is because your
career is a very important part of who you are.
这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个非常重要的组
成部分。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接副词 when、 where、 why、 how、 whenever等 ＊（人教选必二U1）In general，doctors in
those days had two contradictory theories to
explain how cholera spread. 当时的医生通常有
两种截然不同的看法来解释霍乱如何蔓延。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接副词 when、 where、 why、 how、 whenever等 ＊（人教必修三U1）That was the moment I
started to understand why people say “Horses
are at the heart of Mongolian culture”．
我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古族文化的
核心”了。
＊They couldn't imagine where he had been on
such a stormy night. 他们无法想象在那样的暴
风雨之夜,他到什么地方去了。
续表
【名师点津】 在两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句中，引导第一个宾语从
句的连词 that可以省略，其余的均不可省略。
＊（人教选必四U1）She heard him declare （that） he did not want to
leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to
please her. 她听到他说明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想取悦她。
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
1.（外研必修三U3）Although it has been proved that Franklin's
experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned ______
really happened.
what
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中
作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。
2.（外研必修一U2）At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a
lady _______ the shoe section was.
where
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,意为“……
的地方”，应用where。
3.She said her ambition was to enter a key university，_____ she would
study hard to make her dream come true， and that she would live up to
her parents' expectations.
that
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语后接三个宾语从句，
其中第一个引导宾语从句的that省略了，根据第三个宾语从句的引导词that
可知，第二个宾语从句的引导词也应用that。
考点三
表语从句
分类 引导词 例句
从属 连词 that （无实义）、 whether （是否）只起 连接作用,不作 成分,一般不省 略 ＊（外研选必四U1）Whether big or small, what
all our choices have in common is that they
lead to specific consequences.
无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同
点，那就是它们都会带来特定的结果。
＊The question is whether we should invest in
this project. 问题是我们是否应该投资这个项目。
分类 引导词 例句
从属 连词 because （强调原因） ＊（人教必修三U1）I heard it is because
children are lighter and the horses can run faster
and farther. 我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻，马儿
才能跑得更快、更远。
＊From space, the earth looks blue. This is
because about seventy-one percent of its surface
is covered by water.
从太空中看，地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为
（地球）表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
从属 连词 as if/as though （好像） ＊（人教必修一U4）At 3:42 a.m., everything
began to shake. It seemed as if the world were
coming to an end! 凌晨3:42,万物开始摇晃。仿佛
世界末日即将来临!
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接 代词 who、whom、 whose、 what、which、 whoever等 ＊（译林必修一U4） Unfortunately, as a
teenager, that is often exactly what you do to
yourself. 不幸的是，作为一个青少年，那往往正
是你对自己所做的。
＊The problem is which worker should be
responsible for the accident.
问题是哪位工人应该对这起事故负责。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接 副词 when、 where、why、 how、 whenever等 ＊（译林选必一U2）Then the music gets
dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the
lovers are separated because Zhu's father forces
her to marry another man.
然后伴随着更重的音符，音乐变得激动人心，这
是这对恋人因为祝英台的父亲强迫她嫁给另一个
男人而分开的时候。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接 副词 when、 where、why、 how、 whenever等 ＊（外研选必三U2）A simple restaurant was
where he usually had the same meal of sausages,
eggs and coffee. 他经常到一家简单的餐馆吃同样
的食物，有香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡。
续表
【名师点津】 （1）why与because 引导表语从句时，前者强调结果，后者
强调原因。句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，
此时不用because。
＊The reason why we don't trust him is that he often lies. 我们不相信他
的原因是他经常说谎。
（2）as if/though引导的表语从句，通常位于系动词look、seem、sound、
be等后面，既可以用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气。
【即时演练3】——单句语法填空
1.（译林必修二U3）After all, home is _______ all family members are
together.
where
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,意为“……
的地方”，应用where引导。
2.（人教必修三U4）While disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. This is
________ people believe in the importance of carrying on space
exploration despite the huge risks.
because
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,表示原因,
应用because。
3.（北师大必修一U3）However, what we eat isn't the most important
thing. What's important is ___________ we eat it with.
who/whom
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句
中作with的宾语，表示人，应用who或whom。
考点四
同位语从句
同位语从句通常用于对主句中的名词（多为抽象名词）进行解释，说
明其具体内容。后接同位语从句的名词有belief、decision、doubt、
explanation、 evidence、fact、truth、feeling、hope、idea、news、opinion、
possibility、problem、promise、suggestion、thought、 wish等。
分类 引导词 例句
从属连词 that （无实义）、 whether （是否）只起连 接作用,不作成 分,一般不省略 ＊（译林必修三U3）Sometimes I had the
uncomfortable feeling that this little machine
had taken up too much of my time, and
that I could have done something more
meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen
all day. 有时我感到焦虑，这台小机器占用了
我太多的时间，我本可以做一些更有意义的
事，而不是整天盯着一个小屏幕看。
分类 引导词 例句
从属连词 that（无实义）、whether （是否）只起连 接作用,不作成 分,一般不省略 ＊（译林选必三U2）As we learn more
about the universe, we may one day answer
the question whether there is life on other
planets. 当我们对宇宙有了更多的了解时，有
一天我们可能会回答其他行星上是否存在生
命的问题。
续表
分类 引导词 例句
连接代词 what、who等 ＊They haven't solved the problem who
should be in charge of the key project.
他们还没有解决由谁来负责那项重点工程的
问题。
连接副词 when、where、 why、how等 ＊We haven't yet settled the question when
and where we are going to spend our
vacation.
我们还没有解决我们什么时候、去哪儿度假
的问题。
续表
【即时演练4】——单句语法填空
1.（人教选必一U5）What keeps them from doing so is the fact _____
chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
that
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说
明fact的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。
2.（译林选必二U1）There is concern _____ the construction company that
built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.
that
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说
明 concern 的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。
3.（北师大选必一U1）I had no idea ______ hydrogen was, and I didn't
really want to know, either!
what
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释
说明idea的具体内容，从句缺少表语，意为“……东西”，应用what。(共17张PPT)
语法精练 重实效 演练核心要点
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2025 ·浙江湖丽衢二模）Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could
also be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage __________
another crunchy snack—the potato chip—lacked.
that/which
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词advantage指物，关
系词在从句中作 lacked 的宾语,应用that或which。
2.（2025 ·河南五市二模）A strong flavor means a lot for Northerners,
who achieve this with salt and strong seasonings（佐料），compared with
people in the South _______ preference is dishes lighter in flavor.
whose
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词为people,关系词在从句中
作定语，应用whose。
3.（2025 ·漳州第二次质检）In front of the café is a tourism highway,
_______ connects the store with many artistic villages along the mountain
range.
which
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代
先行词a tourism highway，指物,应用关系代词which。
4.（2025 ·鹰潭一模）For those _____ want to experience the hustle and
bustle of Chengdu, Chunxi Road and Taikoo Li in the city center are the
top choices.
who
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词
those；those作先行词且指人时,应用关系代词who。
5.（2025 ·镇江适应性练习）Sitting in Quanzhou City, _______ the
ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hot cakes at home
and abroad since the Song Dynasty.
where
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作状语,先行
词为表示地点的名词Quanzhou City,应用关系副词where。
6.（2025 ·皖南八校第二次联考）In the times ______ the Grand Canal, a
UNESCO World Heritage Site, directly connected Beijing in the north and
Hangzhou in the south, Anhui traders fanned out across China.
when
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,在从句中作状语,先行词为表示
时间的名词the times,应用关系副词when。
7.（2025 ·南通海门第二次调研）The Chinese language is increasingly
becoming the very bond _____ links friendly relations between China and
the world, particularly Slovenia, and promotes mutual understanding and
trust between Chinese and Slovenian people.
that
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词
bond,且先行词被 the very修饰,应用关系代词 that。
8.（2025 ·浙江金丽衢十二校二模）She also had great interest in
astronomy and mathematics and wrote poems, commentaries, essays and
several longer works, not all of _______ survive.
which
解析：考查定语从句。“not all of ____”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为
“poems...longer works”，指物,应用关系代词which。
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2025 ·浙江名校协作体模拟）What did you have for dinner
Tuesday night of last week If someone 1.__________ （ask） you that
question on Wednesday morning, you would 2.________ （possible）
have had no problem recalling what you had for dinner the night before.
had asked
possibly
But as days pass, the memories of all the other meals you
3.___________ （eat） since then start to interfere （干扰） with your
memory of that one particular meal. This is a good example of 4.______
psychologists call the interference theory of forgetting. Forgetting is the
result of 5._____________ （vary） memories interfering with one another.
The more similar two or more events are 6.___ one another, the more
likely interference will occur.
have eaten
what
varied/various
to
Getting rid of interference altogether is impossible, but there are a
few things you can do to minimize its effects. One of the best things
you can do is rehearse （排练） new information in order to better
commit it to memory. In fact, many experts recommend overlearning
important information, 7._______ involves rehearsing the material over and
over again until it can be reproduced perfectly with no errors. Another
strategy for fighting interference is to switch up your routine and avoid
8._________（study） similar material back to back. Sleep also plays an
essential role in memory 9.__________ （form）. Sleeping after you learn
something new is 10._______ efficient way to turn new memories into
lasting ones.
which
studying
formation
an/one
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遗忘干扰理论以及如
何使其影响最小化。
1.__________
had asked
解析：考查动词的时态。根据主句谓语would have had可知，If引导的是
与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语动词应用had done形式。
2.________
possibly
解析：考查副词。空处作状语修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式。
3.___________
have eaten
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since then可知，应用现
在完成时；且主语为you，助动词应用复数形式。
4.______
what
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中
缺少宾语，应用what。
5._____________
varied/various
解析：考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词memories，应用形容词形式varied
或various。
6.___
to
解析：考查介词。be similar to意为“与……相似”，为固定搭配。
7._______
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
在从句中作主语，指代先行词overlearning important information，指物，
应用which。
8._________
studying
解析：考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”，为固定用法。
9.__________
formation
解析：考查名词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处应用名词形式作宾
语，formation意为“形成”，为不可数名词。
10._______
an/one
解析：考查冠词/数词。此处可泛指“一种有效方法”，且efficient的发音以
元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an；也可用数词one作定语修饰名词way。(共24张PPT)
板块二 句法
奠基篇 句子成分及句子结构
第一讲 句子成分
句子是语言运用的基本单位。句子有若干个组成部分，即句子成分，
分别承担着不同的作用。英语中的句子成分包括主语（subject）、谓语
（predicate）、宾语（object）、表语（predicative）、定语（attribute）、
状语（adverbial）、补语（complement）和同位语（appositive）八种。
一、主语——句子的主体、动作的发出者
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a
vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species
across the ridges and valleys.（名词短语作主语）
栖息地恢复团队的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种
方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely
to work on his patients.（what引导的从句作主语） 对于一位兽医有效的
治疗方法，似乎也适用于他的患者。
＊（2023 ·全国乙卷） Learning photography has been an enriching
experience.（动词-ing形式作主语）
学习摄影是一次丰富的经历。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ） In my view, it is better that students can
choose their own partners based on their language abilities and
personal preferences.（it 作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语）
在我看来，学生最好根据自己的语言能力和个人喜好选择自己的搭档。
二、谓语——主语的行为动作或特征、状态
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Groups of five or more require special
arrangements and must be confirmed in advance.（实义动词作谓语；
“情态动词+实义动词”作谓语）
五人或以上的团体需要特别安排，必须提前确认。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ） Cycling is the most economical，
sustainable and fun way to explore the city，with its beautiful canals，
parks，squares and countless lights.（系表结构作谓语）
骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式，这里有美丽
的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。
三、宾语——动作的承受者
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）He tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese
practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.
（名词作宾语）
他尝试了针灸这一古老的中国疗法，并惊奇地发现在经过两三次治疗后，
他的病情有所好转。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）When he got older，John started to wonder
if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were
making.（动词不定式短语作宾语） 当他长大后，约翰开始思考是否可以
利用这个过程来清理人类制造的混乱。
＊My English teacher gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to
improve his writing.（him为代词作间接宾语; a lot of valuable advice为名
词短语作直接宾语）
我的英语老师就如何提高他的写作水平给了他很多宝贵的建议。
＊I find it meaningful that one person can make such a difference to
so many people's lives by doing one simple thing.（it作形式宾语，that
引导的从句作真正的宾语）
一个人可以通过做一件简单的事情就对这么多人的生活产生如此的影响，
我觉得这很有意义。
四、表语——主语的特征
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ） If he seems a little
defensive, it might be because even some of his
coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual
methods. （形容词作表语；because引导的从句作表
语） 如果他看起来有点戒备，那可能是因为他的一
些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他那不同寻常的方法。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）The task John set for himself was to remove
harmful substances from some sludge.（动词不定式短语作表语）
约翰给自己的任务是从一些污泥中清除有害物质。
五、定语——名词或代词的修饰语
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Read our
Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under
the age of 15. （代词作定语；介词短
语作定语） 阅读我们针对15岁以下青少
年制定的青少年政策指南。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）He
developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage （污水） from
1，600 homes in South Burlington.（形容词作定语；that引导的从句作
定语） 他研发了一个类似温室的设施，用于处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家
庭的污水。
六、状语——动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子的修饰语
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）After studying
the techniques for a couple of years, he
began offering them to pets.（介词短语作状
语）
在学习了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提
供给宠物。
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）If you want to
be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented
manuscript. （if引导的从句作状语；副词作状语） 如果你想要出版，提交
一份完美、专业呈现的原稿是至关重要的。
七、补语——宾语或主语的补充说明
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ） After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how warm-hearted Italians are.（名词短语作宾语补足语）
在我定居意大利之后，我发现了意大利人是多么热情。
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）With so many online posts featuring the
same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out.（动词-ing形式作宾
语补足语） 网络上有那么多关于同样地方的帖子，很容易让人感觉自己
错过了什么。
＊（2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ） When I was in middle school, my social
studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.（动词不定式短语作
宾语补足语） 我上中学的时候，我的社会学老师让我参加一个写作比赛。
八、同位语——名词或代词的解释说明
＊（2024·浙江卷1月） Perhaps most remarkable, however, was the fact
that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical
labor.（that引导的从句作同位语）
然而，也许最引人注目的是这样一个事实，这个人在繁重的体力劳动后，
每天都要花几个小时学习。
＊（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Farber, a graduate of Colorado State
University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.（名词短语作
同位语） 法伯，一名科罗拉多州立大学的毕业生，起初是一名比较传统
的兽医。
【即时演练】——分析句子成分并翻译
1.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）
is for the
beginner， walker to
enjoy or
［分析］ A:______ B:______ C:______ D:______E:______
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
主语
表语
定语
宾语
宾语
卡洛秋季徒步节对于初学者、有经验的或高级徒步者来说是一个享受卡洛山区徒步挑战或林地漫步的宁静的绝佳机会。
2.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ） became
in .
［分析］ A:______ B：______ C：______ D：______E：______
［翻译］ ______________________________________________________
主语
表语
宾语
状语
状语
20年前，当他遭受背部剧痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。
3.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）
a .
［分析］ A:______ B:______ C:______ D:______E:______
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
__________________
主语
状语
谓语
宾语
状语
最近，海瑟威克工作室在国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园的边缘建造了一个温室。
4.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）, ,
is that shows
even .
［分析］ A:______ B: ______ C:______ D:______E:______
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________
主语
定语
表语
宾语
状语
这个美丽的建筑被称为玻璃温室，位于新园区的中心，该园区展示了丝绸之路如何即使在现代也影响着英国花园。
5.（2023 ·全国甲
卷） and
then
.
［分析］ A:______ B:______ C:______ D:______E:______ F:______
G:______ H:______
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
谓语
宾语
状语
定语
韦纳每一章都以城市间火车旅行的场景开始，然后将每位哲学家的作品框定在他们可以帮助我们做得更好的一件事的背景下。(共16张PPT)
语法精练 重实效 演练核心要点
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.In fact, it is you _________ have the most important role to play in
stopping Yellow River erosion.
who/that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处为强调句,其基本
结构是“it is/was+被强调部分+who/that...”，此句中被强调部分为主语you，
指人,空处应用who或that。
2.In the end, not only _____ （be） the product better than I had
expected, but it became available in a short time.
was
解析：考查倒装句。“not only...but （also）...”连接两个并列分句,意为
“不仅……而且……”；当not only置于句首时,not only所在分句应用部分倒
装;根据became可知,时态应用一般过去时；the product为单数，空处动词也
应用第三人称单数形式。
3.Beneath our feet ____（lie） the earth that our life depends on for
food and clothing.
lies
解析：考查倒装句。分析句子结构可知,Beneath our feet是地点状语,其置
于句首,句子应用完全倒装;此处陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；句
子主语the earth为单数,空处动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
4.It is indeed a happy thing to enjoy sports and workout all through life,
but, if ______（make） the main object of life, they tire you and cease
to be a source of durable satisfaction.
made
解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知,此处为条件状语从句的省
略,make的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致,且逻辑主语they与make之间为被动
关系,可省略从句主语和be动词，空处应用过去分词形式。
5.It isn't what you have or who you are or where you are or what you
are doing _____ makes you happy or unhappy.
that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处为强调句,被强调
部分为主语,指物，空处应用that。
6.______ great fun it is having a cold drink after an exciting game,
especially when you're feeling hot and thirsty!
What
解析：考查感叹句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处为感叹句；fun为
不可数名词,因此本感叹句结构为“What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”，空
处应用what。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
7.So difficult ____（do） he feel it to make such great progress without
the help of his deskmate that he was close to giving up.
did
解析：考查倒装句。在“so +adj./adv.+that...”句型中，so连同它所修饰的成
分位于句首时,句子使用部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事
情,空处应用助动词的过去式。
8.If you happen to be in China on the day of Winter Solstice, go to the
restaurant early, ____________ there will be no dumplings left.
or/otherwise
解析：考查祈使句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空前分句“go to the
restaurant early”为祈使句,且空处前后分句之间为转折关系,意为“否则”，空
处应用or或otherwise。
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2025 ·福州高中毕业班诊断性联考）Celebrating Chinese New Year
overseas is a completely different experience. Chinese New Year was
1._____ of the things I missed the most about Singapore—the reunion of
family 2._________（member） whom we hadn't seen for the last 364
days, the exchanging of gifts, the various colours and sounds that we so
3._______（close） connect with this Chinese festival.
one
members
closely
This year, I helped my mother hang up an attractive 4.__________
（decorate） of a giant “fu”. We wiped down the entire house together—
the kitchen, the living room, light fittings and the whole lot. Aunts,
uncles, cousins came around, 5.________（enjoy） a massive meal and
lazed in front of the TV for a couple of hours while various Chinese
New Year shows were playing. We visited the burial site on New Year's
morning to pay our respects 6.___ our ancestors. We worked very hard in
the weeks 7.________（lead） up to the event.
decoration
enjoyed
to
leading
This morning, a 8.________（cheer） lion dance troupe （表演团）
drove slowly past my local wet market. Old folks and their grandchildren
stuck out their heads from windows 9._________（watch） the
performance. It is this community spirit 10._____ makes Chinese New
Year what it is.
cheerful
to watch
that
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在海外过春节的
经历和感受。
1._____
one
解析：考查代词。“one of+可数名词复数”为固定表达，意为“……之一”。
2._________
members
解析：考查名词复数。根据语境及常识可知，此处指全体家庭成员的团聚，
member是可数名词，空处应用其复数形式。
3._______
closely
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的动词connect，应用
副词形式。
4.__________
decoration
解析：考查名词。根据空前的冠词an和形容词attractive及空后的介词of可
知，空处应用名词单数形式decoration。
5.________
enjoyed
解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处与came和lazed并列作本
句的谓语，时态应用一般过去时。
6.___
to
解析：考查介词。pay one's respect to sb.为固定搭配，意为“向某人表示
敬意”。
7.________
leading
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语，与逻
辑主语weeks之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。
8.________
cheerful
解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词lion dance
troupe，应用形容词形式。
9._________
to watch
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处在句中作非
谓语，表示目的，应用动词不定式形式。
10._____
that
解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句，其基本结构为“It
is/was...that/who...”，被强调部分为this community spirit，指物，空处应用
that。(共39张PPT)
微芒成阳 熠熠生辉句式篇
核心考点 语法填 空考频 命题预测
并列连词 5年12考 并列连词and、but、or是考查的重点,并
列连词so、while 也需要重视
三大 从句 定语 从句 5年11考 1.定语从句在三大从句中考查频次最高,备考时要重点掌握；
2.主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句均需要掌握；
3.熟记状语从句引导词的用法，分析句意是解决状语从句类题目的关键
名词性从句 5年3考
状语 从句
特殊句式 不能忽视对特殊句式的复习
第一讲 定语从句
1.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）Chinese cultural elements commemorating
（纪念） Tang Xianzu, _____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，”
add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William
Shakespeare's hometown.
who
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
且在从句中作主语，指代先行词Tang Xianzu，指人，应用who。
2.（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national
park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,
_______ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a
national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
且在从句中作主语，指代先行词Wrangell-Saint Elias，指物，应用which。
3.（2023 ·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings， Beijing is also a
place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
that/which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，且
在从句中作主语，先行词为地点名词place，指物，应用that或which。
4.（2023 ·全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America
_______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its
surroundings.
where
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先
行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。
5.（2023 ·全国甲卷）Yet， the form of the fable still has values today,
___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
as
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
从句中缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，意为“正如”，应用as。
6.（2022 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger
protection for all the species _____ live within the Giant Panda Range
and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
that
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先
行词为species，且先行词前有all修饰，只能用关系代词that。
定语从句是在复合句中修饰主句中名词（短语）或代词（有时也可以
修饰整个主句或主句的一部分）的从句，被修饰的对象叫作先行词，一般
由关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词）引导，作用相当于形容词。定语从
句分为限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间没有逗号）和非限制性定语从句
（主句和从句之间有逗号）。
考点一
关系代词引导的定语从句
1.关系代词
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
who 指人 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）
whom 指人 宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）
whose 指人或物 定语
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
that 指人或物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省
略）、表语
which 指物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）
as 指人或物 引导限制性定语从句时，通常与such、the
same等连用，在从句中作主语、宾语或表
语
续表
＊（译林必修一U3）I also had a friend （whom/who/that） I trusted a
lot.
我也有一个非常信任的朋友。
＊（人教必修三U2）This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down
the street after dark. 对于天黑以后走在这条路上的人来说，这块石头很危
险。
＊（人教必修一U2）The statues fill only one part of the emperor's huge
tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed.
这些雕像只是浩大的秦始皇陵的一部分，这座陵墓现在尚未完全出土。
＊（人教必修二U5）Two years ago, I was told I had a serious disease
that/which was difficult to cure.
两年前，我被告知得了一种很难治愈的严重疾病。
＊（外研选必一U2） On the first day, I should want to see the people
whose kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life
worth living.
第一天,我要看那些待我仁慈、温和、友好，从而使我的生活变得有价值的人。
2.that和which的区别
当先行词指物时，限制性定语从句的引导词使用that或which皆可，但
非限制性定语从句中只能用which引导。但下列几种情况下只能用that不能
用which。
情况 例句
当先行词是everything、 anything、nothing、 all、 none、 few、little、some 等不定代词，或被 every、any、all、some、 no、little、few、much等 词修饰时 ＊There is little that I can do for you.
几乎没有什么我能为你做的了。
＊Have you taken down everything that Mr.
Li said
李老师说的话你都记下来了吗
情况 例句
当先行词是序数词或被序 数词修饰时 ＊The first place that they visited in London
was Big Ben.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
当先行词是形容词最高级 或被形容词最高级修饰时 ＊This is the most awesome journey that the
tourists have ever taken.
这是游客们经历过的最棒的旅程。
续表
情况 例句
当先行词被the very、the only等修饰时 ＊After the fire in his house, the old car was
the only thing that he owned. 家里发生火灾
后,那辆旧车是他唯一拥有的东西。
当先行词既有人又有物时 ＊They talked about the people and things
that they saw in that country.
他们谈论在那个国家见到的人和事。
续表
3.as和which的区别
as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，区别如下：
as which
从句位置 一般可置于句首、句 中、句末 一般只能置于先行词后
先行词 只能是整个主句 可以是名词或代词,也可以是整个主句
或主句的部分内容
意义 意为“正如、恰如” 意为“这一点、这件事”
as which
例句 ＊ （译林必修一U1） As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 老 子曾明智地说：“千里 之行，始于足下。” ＊ （译林选必三U3）As a teenager,
he loved sailing, and he showed
great interest in geography, which
inspired him to begin his career as a
seaman. 十几岁时，他热爱航海，对
地理表现出极大的兴趣，这激励他开
始他的航海生涯。
续表
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空
1.（人教必修二U1）They are recording and collecting digital images of
cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, _______ were a key stop along the
Silk Road throughout China's ancient history.
which
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语，指代
先行词the Mogao Caves，指物,应用关系代词 which。
2.（人教必修一U5）People in modern times can read the classic works
__________ were written by Chinese in ancient times.
that/which
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词the
classic works，指物,应用关系代词that或which。
3.（外研必修三U2）____ the Chinese saying goes, “A kind-hearted
person lives a long life.”
As
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如”，应用关系
代词 as。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
4.（外研必修三U2）In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible
conditions and _______ lives were in danger.
whose
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词为people，关系词在从句
中作定语,相当于 people's,应用关系代词 whose。
5.（人教必修一U4）The number of people _________ were killed or
badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
that/who
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词
people，指人,应用关系代词that或who。
考点二
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 用法 例句
when 先行词通常是时 间名词,在从句中 作时间状语 （可与“介词+ which”互换） ＊（译林选必四U4）I had been waiting
with my fellow graduating students for the
moment when I would walk out onto the
stage to receive my degree certificate. 我和
我即将毕业的同学们一直在等待着我走上
舞台领取学位证书的那一刻。
关系副词 用法 例句
where 先行词通常是地点名词,也可以是表示抽象地点的名词（如point、situation、stage等）,在从句中作地点状语（可与at/in which互换） ＊（人教选必二U4）When the train
arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. 火车抵达后，她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。
续表
关系副词 用法 例句
where 先行词通常是地点名词,也可以是表示抽象地点的名词（如point、 situation、stage等）,在从句中作地点状语（可与at/in which互换） ＊（译林必修二U4）In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature． 总之，我们现在已经到了一个我们希望欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
续表
关系副词 用法 例句
why 先行词是reason, 在从句中作原因 状语 （可与for which 互换） ＊（译林必修一U4）It is normal for
teenagers to be slightly overweight and
there is no reason why they should be
worried.
青少年轻微超重是正常的，没有理由担
心。
续表
【名师点津】 当时间名词、地点名词和reason在从句中作主语或宾语时，
用关系代词引导定语从句。
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
1.（人教必修一U5）Over the years, the system developed into different
forms, as it was a time ______ people were divided geographically,
leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
when
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词time表示时间,关系
词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词 when。
2.（译林选必四U1）As you go through your daily life, you will
encounter many difficult situations _______ things may go wrong.
where
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词situations表示抽象
地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。
3.Woesler said that one of the reasons _____ modern Chinese literature
has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics.
why
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the reasons,关系
词在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why。
考点三
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.当介词放在关系代词前面时,关系代词常用which（指代物）或whom
（指代人）,并且不能省略。whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人或物时，
“whose+名词”可以换为“the+名词+of whom/which”。
＊The newly built café，the walls of which （=whose walls） are
painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us， especially after
hard work.
这家新建成的、墙壁被刷成了浅绿色的咖啡馆，对我们来说真是一个安静
的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
2.名词/数词/代词等+介词of+关系代词
“one/two/some/most/all/both/neither/none/...+of+which/whom”表示部分与整
体的关系，有时可以把表示部分的词放在of which/whom的后面。
＊（译林选必二U1）The fire has also left dozens of people injured，5 of
whom are in a critical condition.
火灾还造成许多人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。
＊（外研必修一U6）These terraces also provide a perfect environment for
birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice
crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以伤害水
稻作物的昆虫为食。
【即时演练3】——单句语法填空
1.（外研必修三U2）After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000,
with _______ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.
which
解析：考查定语从句。“with ____”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为$2,000，
指物,应用关系代词which。
2.（人教必修一U5）It dates back several thousand years to the use of
longgu—animal bones and shells on _______ symbols were carved by
ancient Chinese people.
which
解析：考查定语从句。“on ____”引导定语从句，先行词animal bones and
shells指物,应用关系代词which。
3.（人教必修三U3）The majority of residents in Chinatown are still
ethnic Chinese, many of _______ do not speak English fluently.
whom
解析：考查定语从句。“many of ____”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词
ethnic Chinese指人，应用关系代词whom。(共18张PPT)
语法精练 重实效 演练核心要点
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2025 ·北京西城区5月模拟）Some Qin bamboo texts were discovered
in a tomb in Hubei Province that contained many rules regarding _____
people were supposed to live and behave.
how
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中
作方式状语,意为“如何、怎样”，应用how。
2.（2025 ·浙江金丽衢十二校二模）Ban Zhao was born in Anling, near
______ is now modern Xianyang, Shaanxi Province.
what
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中
作主语,意为“……的地方”，应用what。
3.（2025 ·吉林二模）Unlike a knife and fork or one's own hands, a pair
of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is ______ matters”.
what
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中
作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。
4.（2025 ·本溪一模）The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and
graceful animals running on the plains are _____ we're here—to observe
Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
why
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中
作原因状语，意为“……的原因”,应用why。
5.It makes no difference ________ you go by bus or by bike, as long as
you arrive on time.
whether
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语,空处引导的从句
为真正的主语；“whether...or...”,意为“是……还是……”，为固定句式，空
处应用whether。
6._________ wants to see the film must buy a ticket first. Otherwise, you
wouldn't get into the cinema.
Whoever
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,且在从句中
作主语,意为“无论谁、任何……的人”，应用 whoever。单词位于句首,首字
母应大写。
7.You think the problem lies with the management, and this is _______ I
disagree.
where
解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中
作地点状语，应用where。
8.Although there seemed only a slim chance _____ the trees could
survive, she would not be prevented from trying by the difficulty.
that
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说
明 chance的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2024·南通高三开学考）Acupuncture, an ancient Chinese medical
practice, has been the remedy for 1._________ （count） patients for
thousands of years. There is evidence that acupuncture 2.______ （date）
back to the Stone Age, when stone tools were used to press areas of the
body 3.__________ （relieve） pain. Over time, this primitive practice
gradually evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and
shaped the root of acupuncture.
countless
dates
to relieve
4.______ acupuncture actually functions is not clearly understood. But
people have come to 5.___ universal agreement that acupuncture is a
treatment that aims to promote the body's self-regulating functions. Its
therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of
traditional Chinese medicine, 6._______ emphasize all-inclusive treatment,
meridian （经络） adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall
physiological well-being.
How
a
which
7.________ the uncertainty about its medical basis, acupuncture has
become a global therapy. Over the years, acupuncture 8._________（see）
many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now
a mainstream alternative and complementary treatment for 9.________
（variety） of weaknesses. According to a WHO report, acupuncture
10._________ （include） in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
List in 2010 is now used in 113 of its 120 member countries, illustrating
its widespread recognition and application.
As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep
cultural significance, acupuncture is an embodiment （体现） of profound
cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing.
Despite
has seen
varieties
included
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医针灸的历史起源
以及应用。
1._________
countless
解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词patients，意为“无数的”,应用形容
词countless。
2.______
dates
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句中的
谓语。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为acupuncture，谓语动词应用第三人
称单数形式。
3.__________
to relieve
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作目的状语，应用
动词不定式。
4.______
How
解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少
方式状语，表示“如何”,应用how引导，空处位于句首,首字母应大写。
5.___
a
解析：考查冠词。根据空后的可数名词单数agreement可知，空处应用不定
冠词，universal发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
6._______
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导非限制性
定语从句,先行词为the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese
medicine，指物，在从句作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
7.________
Despite
解析：考查介词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空后跟名词作宾语，表
示“尽管”，应用despite，空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
8._________
has seen
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根
据时间状语Over the years可知,时态为现在完成时;主语为acupuncture,助动
词应用has。
9.________
varieties
解析：考查名词复数。varieties of为固定用法，意为“各种各样的”。
10._________
included
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语，空处应作非谓
语。include与acupuncture之间是被动关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语。(共16张PPT)
第二讲 句子结构
根据句子的结构，英语句子可以划分为简单句 （simple sentence）、
并列句 （compound sentence）和复合句（complex sentence）三类。
一、简单句及八种基本句型
简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
句型 例句
主语+谓语 （不及物动 词）（SV） ＊（北师大必修一U1）Every minute counts!分秒必争！
主语+系动词 +表语 （SVP） ＊（译林必修一U1）Today is the start of a new term,
the start of a three-year journey and the start of a
promising future. 今天是新学期的开始、三年旅程的开始
以及充满希望的未来的开始。
句型 例句
主语+谓语 （及物动词） +宾语 （SVO） ＊（人教必修一U2）I love my new school and
classmates. 我喜欢我的新学校和新同学。
主语+谓语+ 间接宾语+直 接宾语 （SVIODO） ＊（人教必修二U5）Music gave me strength and brought
me relief.
音乐给予我力量，也让我得到解脱。
续表
句型 例句
主语+谓语+ 状语（SVA） ＊（人教必修一U2）My time here in China is going
well.
我在中国的生活非常愉快。
主语+谓语+ 宾语+状语 （SVOA） ＊（人教必修一U1）I joined a volunteer club instead.
不过，我还是参加了一个志愿者社团。
续表
句型 例句
主语+谓语+ 宾语+宾语补 足语 （SVOC） ＊（人教必修一WELCOME UNIT） I found most of my
classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 我发现我的
大多数同学和老师都很友好并且乐于助人。
there be句型 ＊（人教必修二U4）There is so much more to learn
about the interesting history and culture of the United
Kingdom. 英国的历史文化引人入胜，可学之处比比皆
是。
续表
二、并列句（要义详析请见句式篇）
并列句是由并列连词（and、but、or、so等）或分号把两个或两个以上
的句子连在一起构成的。
＊（人教必修一U1）I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but
I hope to be fluent when I graduate. 我知道汉语是一门很难的语言,但我
希望在我毕业的时候我能够流利地说汉语。
＊（人教选必二U2）British people are fascinated by our culture and
eager to learn more about it, so I'm keen to share my culture with them.
英国人被我们的文化深深吸引,并渴望了解更多,所以我很乐意与他们分享
我的文化。
三、复合句（要义详析请见句式篇）
复合句是含有一个或多个从句的句子。复合句包含定语从句、名词性
从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）和状语从句等。
例句
定语从句 ＊（人教选必二U4）After arising in the morning, the
first thing that Nicole does is to draw the picture.
（限制性定语从句） 早上起床后,妮可做的第一件事就是
画画。
例句
定语从句 ＊（人教必修一U5）The high regard for the Chinese
writing system can be seen in the development of
Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese
calligraphy, which has become an important part of
Chinese culture.（非限制性定语从句） 对汉字书写体系
的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看
出来，这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化
的一个重要组成部分。
续表
例句
名词性从句 ＊（人教选必一U5） What some scientists have found
is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both
the land and people's health．（主语从句；表语从句）
一些科学家发现，长期使用这些东西有时会损害土地和人
们的健康。
续表
例句
名词性从句 ＊（译林选必四U4）The journey home gave me time to
think about what the future might hold for me.
（宾语从句） 回家的旅途让我有时间思考我的未来。
＊You should open up your mind to the fact that
language represents a cultural world view.（同位语从
句） 你应该敞开心扉，承认语言代表了一种文化世界观
的事实。
续表
例句
状语从句 ＊（译林选必一U3）Even though I had admired them
hundreds of times on my computer screen, nothing
could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I
finally laid eyes on the real thing. （让步状语从句；时
间状语从句） 尽管我已经在电脑屏幕上欣赏过它们几百
次了，但当我终于看到真实的东西时，没有别的什么能让
我感到如此惊奇。
续表
例句
状语从句 ＊（北师大选必二U5）Her words puzzled me very much
because I did not then understand anything unless I
touched it．（原因状语从句；条件状语从句） 她的话令
我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体，才能理解
它的意思。
续表
【即时演练】——根据提示完成句子
1.我们的努力得到了回报。我们实现了为自己设定的目标，并感到了巨大
的成就感。
Our efforts paid off. ___________________________________________
and felt a great sense of accomplishment. （主语+谓语+宾语；定语从句）
We achieved the goal we had set for ourselves
2.在我的精心照顾下，我妈妈很快康复了。
With my careful care, ___________________________. （主语+谓语+状语）
my mother recovered quickly
3.在学期末我成了我们班最出色的球员之一。
At the end of the term ______________________________ in my class.
（主语+系动词+表语）
I became one of the best players
4.我发现这本书很有趣，因为它有独特的情节和引人入胜的人物。
__________________________ because it had a unique plot and engaging
characters.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）
I found the book interesting
5.昨天下午，他在办公室仔细研究了新的项目报告。
___________________________________________________ yesterday
afternoon.（主语+谓语+宾语+状语）
He studied the new project report carefully in his office
6.有一本我朋友昨天送给我的书，我非常喜欢它，因为它包含了我长时间
以来一直在寻找的信息。
______________________________________________, and I like it very
much because it contains the information which I have been searching for
a long time.（there be句型；定语从句）
There is a book that my friend gave me yesterday(共17张PPT)
第三讲 长难句分析
仅含主谓宾定状补的简单句,加上从句、其他修饰成分或其他简单句后,
句子的长度增加,结构也变得复杂,因此就变成了长难句。由此可以看出,长
难句的主干仍是简单句。
长难句的基本类型：（1）含有多个简单句的并列句；（2）含有主句
和一个或多个从句的复合句；（3）含有多个分句，且分句中含从句的并
列复合句。
1.含有多个简单句的并列句——先找并列连词，再分析并列分句
典例
（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Audio （音频） and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these
technologies—say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.
分析
找连词 本句为and so连接的并列句。
析成分 第二个分句中“say, assigning an online talk instead of an article
by the same person”是插入语，对主句进行补充说明。
句意 音频和视频比文本更有吸引力，所以大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术——例如，安排一场在线讲座，而不是相同作者的文章。
续表
【名师点津】 常见的并列结构有：“句子1，并列连词+句子2”或“句子1，
句子2，并列连词+句子3”，以此类推。但要注意的是，含有并列连词的句
子不一定就是并列句，有时连词只是连接并列的句子成分。
2.含有主句和一个或多个从句的复合句——先找从属连词，确定从句类型，
再分析主从句
典例
（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
分析
找连词 句中by which引导非限制性定语从句。
析成分 句子主干为“the Silk Route Garden walks visitors”;其中around the greenhouse为介词短语作后置定语,修饰主语；“influenced by...Silk Road”为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰journey。
句意 此外，环绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客穿越一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，正是通过古代丝绸之路，丝绸和许多植物物种首次被带到英国。
续表
3.含有多个分句，且分句中含从句的并列复合句——先找并列连词，再找
从属连词，分析各分句间的逻辑关系
典例
（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Farber is certain that the holistic approach
will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.
分析
找连词 本句是由并列连词and连接的并列复合句。
析成分 第一个分句为复合句，that引导宾语从句；第二个分句也
为复合句，if引导条件状语从句。
句意 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体疗法会越来越受欢
迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年
以来，美国整体兽医医学协会的会员已经从30个增加到
700多个。
续表
【即时演练】——分析下列长难句并翻译
1.（2024·全国甲卷）Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during
that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural （乡村）
populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.
［分析］ 本句为_____连接的并列句。两个分句均为________；第二个分
句中on board为介词短语作__________，修饰_____________________。
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
__________________________________________
and
简单句
后置定语
the doctors and nurses
每站平均停留两天，在此期间，列车上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本的医疗护理、X光扫描和处方药。
2.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）Travel promotes understanding, expands our
minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in
certain regions and destinations.
［分析］ 本句为____连接的并列句。第一个分句中promotes、expands、
makes和boosts为并列______；第二个分句为“__________”结构的简单句。
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
but
谓语
主谓宾状
旅行促进了理解，拓展了我们的思维，让我们成为更好的人，
并促进了当地经济和社区的发展，但旅行的快速增长也导致了某些地区和
目的地的过度旅游。
3.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）This makes sense because the people who get
observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen
scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。句子主干为“_________________”；because
引导__________从句，从句中包含who引导的______从句，修饰先行词
__________；“recording their...nearby”为现在分词短语作__________，修
饰_______________。
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
This makes sense
原因状语
定语
the people
后置定语
citizen scientists
这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获取生物多样性观测数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。
4.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement
in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of
China at the end of a path retracing （追溯） the steps along the Silk
Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to
define much of the richness of gardening in England.
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。句子主干为
“______________________________________________________________”；
“to house...England”为动词不定式短语作__________，修饰_____________
__________；“retracing...in England”为现在分词短语作__________，修饰
_____，其中that引导______从句，修饰先行词______________，“to
come...England”为动词不定式短语作__________。
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design
后置定语
The Glasshouse
后置定语
path
定语
the Silk Route
目的状语
这个玻璃温室是当代设计的一个伟大成就，它将中国西南部的
植物放置在一条追溯丝绸之路的道路的尽头。丝绸之路将这些植物从它们
在亚洲的原生地带到英国，这很大程度上决定了英国园艺的丰富性。
5.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says,
she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her
dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an
additional five months.
［分析］ 本句为____连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中After引导
__________从句；第二个分句中“so...that...”引导__________从句。
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
but
时间状语
结果状语
廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她本来准备让它安乐死，但法伯的治疗减轻了她的狗的痛苦，让她能够多留查理活五个月。
6.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）These observations now outnumber the primary
data that comes from physical specimens（标本）, and since we are
increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are
responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable
［分析］ 本句为_____连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中that引导______
从句，修饰先行词_____；第二个分句中since引导__________从句，其中
“to investigate...change”为动词不定式短语作__________，how引导______
从句。
and
定语
data
原因状语
目的状语
宾语
［翻译］ _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，
而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想
知道:这些观察数据可用吗

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