资源简介

(共70张PPT)
Unit 8
Big Data
(1) _______________ (n.) 网站，网址 (2) term (n.) _____________________
(3) _______________ (n.) 偏爱，爱好 (4) convenience (n.) _______________
(5) _______________ (v.) 收集 (6) application (n.) _______________
(7) _______________ (n.) 官员； (adj.) 官方的，正式的
(8) workload (n.) _______________
(9) _______________ (n.) 贷款，借款 (10) bear (v.) _______________
(11) _______________ (n.) 提供 (12) volume (v.) ___________________
website
重点词汇
知识梳理
术语，词语，学期
preference
方便，便利
collect
（软件）应用
official
工作量
loan
承受，承担
offer
音量，容量，体积
(13) ____________ (adj.) 大量的, 巨大的 (14) variety (n.) ____________
(15) ____________ (adj.) 负面的,消极的 (16) privacy (n.) ____________
(17) ____________ (n.) 数据库 (18) twice (adv.) ____________
(19)____________ (v.) 加工,处理 (20) symptom (n.) ____________
(21)____________(adj.) 可获得的,可用的 (22) banking (n.) ____________
vast
不同种类
negative
隐私，隐私权
database
两次
process
症状
available
银行业
重点短语
(1) _________ __________大数据
(2) make good useof ______________________
(3) _________ ____________ ___________绘制一幅蓝图
(4) digital information __________________
(5) _________ __________购物习惯
(6) leave one’s trace _________________
big
data
充分利用，好好使用
draw
a
blueprint
数据，数字信息
buying
habit
留下某人的痕迹
(7) ___________ __________ 网络课程,网络课件
(8) tip about sth._____________________
(9) _________ ________ ________ ___________为……设定一个目标
(10) a vast amount ________________ (11) _________ __________ 交通拥堵
(12) smart transportation _____________
(13) _____________ __________ 个性化指导
network
course
关于某事的建议
set
a
target
for
大量的
traffic
jam
智能交通
personalised
guidance
(14) bank account ________________
(15) _________ ________ ________ ___________由……组成
(16) Be no exception________________ (17) _________ __________个人信息
(18) smart connected device ____________(19) _________ __________云存储
(20) data security _________________
银行账户
be
made
up
of
不例外
personal
information
智能终端
cloud
storage
数据安全
重点句型
(1) They ____________ these data and discover your _________________ , and then give you suggestions.
他们收集这些数据，发现你的购买偏好，然后给你建议。
(2) _____________ big data _________________________ , sometimes it also causes troubles.
大数据给我们带来便利的同时，有时也会造成麻烦。
collect
buying preferences
While
brings us convenience
(3) Big data technologies will ___________ greater ____________________ the health and nutrition of Chinese people, according to a health official of China.
中国的一位卫生官员表示，大数据技术将在改善中国人民的健康和营养方面发挥更大作用。这是一门关于安排、组织、计划和预算时间的艺术，目的是使工作更有效。
play a
role in improving
(4) For example, when people get up in the morning, they can _______________ their health: how heavy a ____________ they can ____________ on that day, and what they should _____________ lunch, and so on.
例如，当人们早上起床时，他们可以得到关于健康的提示：当天他们能承受多大的工作量，午餐应该吃什么，等等。
get tips about
workload
bear
have for
(5) China is now _________________ solve health and nutrition problems such as unhealthy lifestyles and _________________ nutrition-related problems.
中国正在制订计划，以解决健康和营养问题，如生活方式不健康和营养相关问题增加。
(6) The plans, _____________ the analysis of big data, _____________________ people’s health and nutrition by 2030.
基于对大数据的分析，这些计划设定了到2030年改善人民健康和营养情况的目标。
making plans to
an increase of
based on
set targets for improving
(7) Students’ online learning behaviours will __________________ databases, analysed, and processed ___________ teachers can give them ____________________ and help.
学生的在线学习行为将存储在数据库中，并被分析和处理，以便教师为他们提供个性化的指导和帮助。
be stored in
so that
personalised guidance
(8) By ________________ big data of customers’ __________________ transactions, loans, credit card payments, etc., banks can offer better customer services.
通过分析客户的银行账户交易、贷款、信用卡支付等大数据，银行可以提供更好的客户服务。
analysing
bank account
课后巩固提高
I. 单词拼写
Part A
基础巩固
1. I’m going to put more effort into Chinese learning this _________ (学期).
2. It’s amazing that people should ____________ (收集) so many things over the years.
term
collect
3. Travelling during holidays is my ____________ (偏爱).
preference
4. It is more expensive but I don’t mind paying more for its ___________ (便利).
5. They are always the first to ___________ (承受) hardships, and the last to enjoy comforts.
6. You can pay back the ___________ (贷款) over a period of three years.
7. The doctor told her that poor health and often feeling weak were the ___________ (负面的) effects of anxiety.
convenience
bear
loan
negative
8. The front seats were prepared for important government __________ (官员).
9. There is a wide __________ (不同种类) of tools to choose from.
10. If you have __________ (症状) such as fever, cough and shortness of breath, go to see the doctor soon.
officials
variety
symptoms
II. 单项选择
1. Our experiment failed several times, so everyone was a bit ________.
A. proper B. satisfying
C. negative D. positive
C
解析：C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们的实验失败了好几次，所以每个人都有点消极。proper意为“合适的”；satisfying意为“令人满意的”；negative意为“消极的”；positive意为“积极的”。negative符合语境。故选C。
2. The house __________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. where B. which C. that D. whom
A
解析：A 考查定语从句。句意：鲁迅曾经居住过的房子现在成了一个博物馆。先行词the house代入到定语从句中为Lu Xun used to live in the house，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系词用where或in which。故选A。
3. Bike-sharing service has brought us great __________.
A. inconvenient B. inconvenience
C. convenient D. convenience
D
解析：D 考查词性和词义。句意：共享单车给我们的生活带来极大的便利。分析句子结构可知，横线处应填名词，排除形容词convenient“方便的”和inconvenient “不方便的”。共享单车应该是提供了方便，convenience“方便”符合语境。故选D。
4. That kangaroo in the city zoo was very famous for ________ very high.
A. jump B. jumping C. jumped D. being jumped
B
解析：B 考查动名词。空处位于介词for之后，动词jump要用动名词形式，且kangaroo与jump为主动关系，排除D项。故选B。
5. The wetlands are home to a large __________of wildlife.
A. variety B. various C. vary D. varied
A
解析：A 考查词性。句意：湿地是多种野生动物的栖息地。根据空格前的a large可知空处填名词。选项中只有variety“不同种类”是名词。various “各种各样的”和varied “各种各样的，多变的”为形容词，vary “改变”为动词。故选A。
6. Linda was reading a book, __________ her mother was cooking.
A. when B. while C. as D. since
B
解析：B 考查连词。句意：Linda在读书，而妈妈在做饭。while意为“而”，表示动作的对比。常与延续性动词连用，且常用进行时。故选B。
7. During the flood, the company __________ local people _______ clean water and food.
A. provided; to B. offered; to
C. provided; / D. offered; /
D
解析：D 考查固定搭配。句意：洪水期间，这家公司给当地人提供了干净的水和食物。 provide sb. with sth.和offer sb. sth.意为“向某人提供某物”。故选D。
8. The number of people present at the meeting was _______ than expected. There were so many seats left.
A. much smaller B. much more
C. many more D. much bigger
A
解析：A 考查比较级。句意：到会人数比预想的要少很多。有太多剩下的座位。此处需要用表示少或小的形容词，所以选small，根据文中的than可知需要用其比较级形式smaller，比较级能够被much修饰。故选A。
9. —I’d like two tickets for Wolf Warriors 2.
—I’m sorry. No tickets are __________.
A. valuable B. comfortable C. available D. enjoyable
C
解析：C 考查形容词辨析。句意：——我想要两张《战狼2》的票。——抱歉，已经没有票了。valuable意为“有价值的”；comfortable意为“舒适的”；available意为“可获得的”；enjoyable意为“令人愉快的”。故选C。
10. The book __________ next year is supposed to be a best-seller.
A. publishing B. being published
C. to be published D. to have published
C
解析：C 考查不定式。句意：明年要出版的这本书应该是本畅销书。book与publish之间是被动关系，且根据句中的next year可知是将来要发生的事情，因此要用不定式的被动式。故选C。
11. —How often do you take exercise
— __________ a week.
A. Second B. Both C. Twice D. Two
C
解析：C 考查词义辨析。句意：——你多久锻炼一次？——一周两次。second表示“第二”；both表示“两者都”；twice表示“两次”；two表示数字“二”。上句用how often提问频率，答句应用twice。故选C。
12. The professor speaks very loudly __________ all the students can hear him clearly.
A. when B. so that C. because D. in order to
B
解析：B 考查状语从句的连接词。 句意：那个教授讲课声音很大，目的是让所有学生都能听清楚。when引导时间状语从句；so that引导目的状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；in order to意为“为了”，后接动词原形，不能接句子，in order that才可以接句子。故选B。
13. The entire universe is made __________of different kinds of matter.
A. of B. from C. in D. up
D
解析：D 考查固定搭配。句意：整个宇宙是由各种物质构成的。be made up of意为“由……组成”，符合语境。根据题干中的of可以排除其他选项。故选D。
14. I know four languages, __________Japanese and English.
A. as a result B. instead of
C. such as D. next to
C
解析：C 考查短语辨析。句意：我懂四种语言，如日语、英语。as a result意为“结果是”；instead of意为“代替，取代”；such as意为“例如”；next to意为“紧邻”。故选C。
15. —I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents.
—__________. They often use them to play games instead.
A. I hope so B. I don’t agree C. No problem D. Good idea
B
解析：B考查交际用语。句意：——我认为学生们应该拥有手机，以方便给他们的父母打电话。——我不同意。他们经常用手机玩游戏。一方认为学生们应该使用手机；另一方认为学生们经常用手机玩游戏，由此可推断出空格处应表示不赞同对方的观点。I hope so意为“我希望如此”；I don’t agree意为“我不同意”；No problem意为“没问题”；Good idea意为“好主意”。B项符合语境。故选B。
III. 情景对话
A: Hi. Mike! There’s something wrong with my computer. 1
B: Sure. What will you use it to do
A: 2
B: Do you like reading online
A: Yes, I do.
B: 3
C
A
D
A: Last year. And since then I’ve enjoyed reading online.
B: I see. 4
A: Yes. But paper books are still used much more.
B: The Internet is becoming more and more important. 5
A: It’s hard to say. Paper books have their advantages, and reading online has its disadvantages.
B: Yes. I agree with you.
E
G
A. I’ll use it to read a book.
B. Can you come and fix it for me
C. Can I use yours
D. When did you begin to read online
E. By the way, are online books used in your class
F. What’s the matter
G. Will paper books be used less in the future
IV. 完成句子
1. 我们应该充分利用业余时间。
We should _______________ of our spare time.
2. 今天早上我比往常更早去上学，以免遇到交通堵塞。
I left for school earlier than usual this morning in case of the ___________.
3. 它处理大量数据的速度是一个需要解决的关键问题。
Its speed of _______________________ of data is a key problem that needs solving.
make good use
traffic jam
processing a vast amount
4. 人们使用这个智能终端与他人交流非常方便。
It’s very convenient for people to use this ____________________ to ___________________ others.
5. 不管你去哪里，都会留下你的痕迹。
Wherever you go, you will ___________________.
6. 教师可以收集学生的行为数据，从而提供个性化的指导。
The teacher can ___________ students’ behavior data to provide ______________________.
communicate with
leave your traces
collect
smart connected device
personalized guidance
7. 那时候谁都没有很多钱，我也不例外。
Nobody had much money at the time and I was ______________.
8. 大数据技术被普遍应用，给人们带来了很多便利。
The big data technology is widely used to __________ a lot of ________________ to people.
no exception
convenience
bring
I. 完形填空
Part B
能力提升
Data storage has become more convenient. Thirty years ago, people had to 1 on floppy disks（软盘） and rewritable DVDs. These days, we only need to 2 the “Save” button on our screens.
1. A. depend B. live
C. work D. carry
2. A.find B. click
C. meet D. kick
A
B
The files will then be 3 in the “cloud”. It seems like we will never run out of 4. Isn’t this great
In fact, however, the storage space we now have is not even close to being 5.
3. A.seen B. hidden
C. cleared D. saved
4. A. time B. money
C. space D. oil
5. A. enough B. old
C. perfect D. modern
D
C
A
Every day, 4.5 billion Internet users create a large amount of data. By 2025, the amount of data worldwide will have 6 175 zettabytes. Clearly, we can’t cover every piece of land on Earth with 7 centers. So where can we store all of this data
6. A. grown B. lost
C. reached D. reduced
7. A. game B. data
C. computer D. tourist
C
B
8, some researchers have been working on new storage technologies. One of these technologies is DNA storage. Yes, you read it 9. A long time 10 computers were invented, nature had been using DNA to store information. If DNA is kept in the right condition, it can keep the stored information safe for a million years.
8. A. However B. Otherwise
C. Moreover D. Luckily
9. A. correctly B. quickly
C. carefully D. politely
10. A. since B. before
C. after D. as
D
A
B
解析:
1. A 考查动词短语。句意：三十年前，人们不得不依靠软盘和可重写的DVD光盘来存储数据。depend on意为“依靠”；live on意为“靠……生活”；work on意为“努力改善”；carry on意为“进行，开展”。只有depend on符合语境。故选A。
2. B 考查动词。根据后面的button on our screens可知，此处表示点击屏幕上“Save”这个按钮，click“点击”符合语境。故选B。
3. D 考查动词。上文提到点击“保存”按钮，这里应该是说文件就可以被保存。saved与前面的“‘Save’ button”相呼应。故选D。
解析:
4. C 考查名词。第二段首句中的the storage space复现该空所填词，此处句意：好像我们永远不会用尽（储存）空间。故选C。
5. A 考查形容词。前面的however表转折，因此这里应该是说现有的存储空间并不足够。enough“足够的”符合语境，not even close to being enough意为“甚至远远不够”。故选A。
6. C 到考查动词。句意：到2025年，全球的数据总量将会达到175 ZB。grow意为“生长”；lose意为“丢失”；reach 意为“达到”；reduce意为“减少”。故选C。
7. B 考查名词辨析。根据上下文提示可知，这里是说不可能在全球每处地方都建立数据中心。故选B。
解析:
8. D 考查副词。根据后文可知一些研究人员一直在研究新的存储技术，这是一件幸运的事。luckily “幸运地”符合语境。故选D。
9. A 考查副词。根据前面的Yes可知，correctly “正确地”符合语境。故选A。
10. B 考查连词。句意：在计算机发明之前的很长一段时间内，大自然一直在用DNA来存储信息。根据常识可知，DNA存储遗传信息，其存在远早于计算机。before“在……之前”符合语境。故选B。
II. 阅读理解
A
Nowadays more and more children seem to get lost in “a sea of digital technology”. As they use digital technology too much, they are losing their ability to do simple things. They can’t make toys with hands or help their mum cook meals. And worst of all, they seem to be losing interest in communicating with others.
“I have talked with a lot of teachers. They care about the increasing number of young pupils who can play with computers or smart phones, but have few or even no skills to play with making things,” said a teacher, Nancy. “Many pupils can’t communicate with other pupils but their parents talk proudly of their ability to use a computer or a smart phone,” she added.
Instead of playing with other children, many children are choosing to stay indoors and quietly play iPad on weekends and after school. How can a child grow up to be a very good artist if he doesn’t learn how to use a paintbrush and develop his painting skills How can a child make friends as he gets older if he doesn’t learn how to communicate with others at a young age
Every coin has two sides. We can use stones to either break windows or build a house. We shouldn’t blame the children. Instead we should help them make right choices. It is certainly necessary for children to know how to use digital technology in today’s world, but more importantly, we should encourage them to develop social abilities which will do them good when they grow up.
1. According to the first paragraph, what’s the worst problem when children are addicted to digital technology
A. Children don’t want to stay at home.
B. Children can’t help their mum cook dinner at home.
C. Children don’t want to make things themselves.
D. Children don’t like communicating with others.
D
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And worst of all， they seem to be losing interest in communicating with others.（最糟糕的是，他们似乎正在失去与他人沟通的兴趣。）”可知，孩子们不想和别人交流是最糟糕的问题。故选D。
2. According to Nancy, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Many teachers don’t care if the young pupils can use digital technology.
B. Some parents are very happy that their kids can use digital technology.
C. Many parents are worried about their kids using digital technology too much.
D. Some teachers don’t notice that their pupils have few skills to communicate with others.
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的but their parents talk proudly of their ability to use a computer or a smart phone可知，家长谈起孩子使用电脑和智能手机时是骄傲的。故选B。
3. According to the passage, what activity do many children choose to do on weekends and after school
A. Playing iPad indoors. B. Painting with paintbrushes.
C. Helping their mum cook meals. D. Playing with friends outdoors.
A
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的many children are choosing to stay indoors and quietly play iPad on weekends and after school可知，本题应选A。
4. What does the underlined word “blame” in the last paragraph mean
A. encourage B. criticize
C. forgive D. admire
B
解析：B 词义猜测题。encourage意为“鼓励”；criticize意为“批评”；forgive意为“原谅”；admire意为“赞赏”。根据上下文可知，blame是“责怪”的意思。故选B。
5. What does the sentence “Every coin has two sides” in the last paragraph imply
A. Digital technology is always bad for young kids.
B. Digital technology is always good for young kids.
C. Digital technology is unnecessary for young kids.
D. Digital technology can be used for either good or bad.
D
解析：D 推理判断题。该句意为“每一个硬币都有两面。”结合后一句可知，它在这里指数字技术既有有利的一面，也有有害的一面。故选D。
B
Sometimes you may want to use a public computer, for example, in an Internet cafe, a library or at an airport. That’s when it’s especially important to be smart and safe.
Don’t save! When you want to enter a social networking website or your email, the system will ask you, “Do you want to save this password ” Never choose “Yes” when you are working on a public computer.
Log out (退出)! Make sure you do not just close the browser (浏览器) when you want to leave a website. You should always “log out” of the website when you finish your task.
Close windows! If you need to walk away from the computer for any reason, you should close all the windows on the computer first. Don’t leave any information that other people shouldn’t see on the screen.
Watch out! Be careful about people looking at the screen over your shoulder. Ask them politely to go somewhere else so you can use the computer privately.
6. When you use a public computer, it’s important to be ________.
A. smart and safe B. strong and honest
C. young and polite D. pretty and happy
A
解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“That’s when it’s especially important to be smart and safe.”可知，本题应选A。
7. When you want to leave a website, you should ________.
A. close the browser only B. save your password
C. log out of the website D. ignore the question
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“You should always ‘log out’ of the website when you finish your task.”可知，本题应选C。
8. What should you do before you walk away from the computer
A. Finish your task in time. B. Close all the windows on the computer.
C. Allow other people to watch. D. Leave some information on the screen.
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“If you need to walk away from the computer for any reason, you should close all the windows on the computer first.”可知，本题应选B。
9. To use the computer privately, you need to watch out for ________.
A. your own shoulder B. people behind you
C. people in front of you D. the computer system
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Be careful about people looking at the screen over your shoulder.”可知，要小心在你背后窥视的人。故选B。
10. The purpose of the passage is to give tips on how to ________.
A. enter a website B. send e-mails properly
C. get a password D. use public computers safely
D
解析：D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文主要讲的是如何安全使用公共电脑。故选D。
C
More and more people in China are now showing parts of their lives to the world by videos on their phones. Some people send videos of personal events like holidays and weddings. Using live streaming is particularly popular among the people aged 18 to 35. Even the teachers give lessons by live streaming. Besides leaving reviews on the screen, people can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online.
What’s more, live streaming allows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves.
A 19-year-old college student called Nic Li says she spends three to four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through a live streaming app. “Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people,” she says. “I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.”
However, there are worries about the misuse of live streaming. As there are more than 700 million live streaming users in China, the Internet regulator (监管机构) can hardly monitor the content all the time.
“We support the use of live streaming. But people should be aware of the two sides of it,” one of the officials said.
11. What do more and more people in China show by videos on their phones
A. Their teachers. B. Parts of their lives.
C. Flowers, toys and cars. D. Their talents.
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“More and more people in China are now showing parts of their lives to the world by videos on their phones.”可得出答案。故选B。
12. How do viewers communicate with hosts
A. By giving lessons through the app.
B. By expressing themselves to friends.
C. By leaving reviews on the screen or buying virtual gifts.
D. By chatting and singing on the screen.
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Besides leaving reviews on the screen, people can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online.”可得出答案。故选C。
13. Why does Nic Li use live streaming
A. She feels lonely and wants to talk with people.
B. She wants to attract more viewers.
C. She wants to be aware of the two sides of live streaming.
D. She wants to be famous.
A
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people,’ she says.‘I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.’”可得出答案。故选A。
14. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “misuse” in Paragraph 4
A. 压力 B. 误用 C. 号召 D. 效果
B
解析：B 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境，再结合构词法，mis-是否定前缀，可推测此词意为“误用”。故选B。
15. Why can’t the Internet regulator monitor the content all the time
A. There are more than 1.4 billion people in China.
B. There are more than 700 million live streaming users in China.
C. More and more people show their lives to the world such as holidays and weddings in China.
D. More and more people like being paid attention to.
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“As there are more than 700 million live streaming users in China, the Internet regulator can hardly monitor the content all the time.”可得出答案。故选B。
随着计算机技术以及互联网的飞速发展，越来越多的学生选择在网上学习他们的课程，这是一个全新的学习体验，因此传统的课堂学习（traditional classroom learning) 面临着更多的挑战。你认为传统的课堂学习过时了吗？请写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对传统的课堂学习的看法。
要求：
1. 文章中包括传统的课堂学习的优缺点，并表明你的观点；
2. 语意通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范，词数80—120。
III. 写作
注意：
文中不得出现个人真实信息。
My View on Traditional Classroom Learning
With the development of modern technology, the way of learning is changing dramatically. For me, I prefer the traditional learning in a classroom.
First, I can have a face-to-face communication with the teacher, which makes me focus on learning longer. Second, the classroom provides a good environment for reading and writing, improving my learning efficiency. Third, there are colorful activities in class. In this way, I can absorb knowledge happily. What’s more, learning with classmates can help me develop team spirit and teach me to get along with others.
However, everything has pros and cons, and traditional classroom learning is no exception. For example, sometimes learning in the classroom can’t provide enough resources for me to choose from.
THANK YOU !

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