资源简介

(共55张PPT)
Environmental Protection
Unit 4
第一部分 情景交际(10题,每题2分,共20分)
阅读下列简短对话,从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项,将对话补全。
1.—Don’t keep water running when you wash hands.
— ____________
A. I hope so. B. I’m afraid not.
C. Sorry, I won’t. D. It’s nothing.
C
解析：C 句意：——洗手时不要让水一直流。——对不起，以后不会了。I hope so意为“我希望是这样”；I’m afraid not意为“恐怕不行”；“Sorry, I won’t”意为“对不起，以后不会了”；It’s nothing意为“没什么”。故选C。
2. —Could you please help me water the trees
— ____________
A. It doesn’t matter. B. Good idea.
C. No problem. D. See you later.
C
解析：C It doesn’t matter意为“没关系”；Good idea意为“好主意”；No problem意为“没问题”；See you later意为“再见”。句意：——你能帮我给树浇水吗？——没问题。故选C。
3. —How about going to Yunnan
—____________.
A. I don’t think so. B. Don’t worry.
C. Sounds great! D. With pleasure.
C
解析： C 句意：——去云南怎么样？——听起来很棒！I don’t think so意为“我不这么认为”；Don’t worry意为“不用担心”；Sounds great意为“听起来很棒”；With pleasure意为“我很乐意”。How about doing用于提出建议，此处应表示对建议赞同与否，“Sounds great!”表示赞成。故选C。
4. —It’s raining heavily. Let’s stand under that big tree.
—____________ It’s very dangerous to do so in such weather.
A. All right. B. Let’s go.
C. We’d better not. D. Not bad.
C
解析：C 句意：——雨下得很大。我们站那棵大树下吧。——我们最好不要。在这样的天气这样做是非常危险的。根据“It’s very dangerous to do so in such weather.”可知，此处是指最好不要到大树下躲雨，We’d better not（我们最好不要）符合语境。故选C。
5. —I wonder if you’d do me a favor
—____________
A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, of course.
C. If you like. D. It’s up to you.
B
解析：B 句意：——我想知道你是否可以帮我一个忙？——当然可以。对方请求帮忙，用“Yes, of course. （当然可以。）”表示答应了。故选B。
6. —Thanks for calling, Charles.
—____________
A. No thanks. B. No problem.
C. I’d love to. D. My pleasure.
D
解析：D 句意：——感谢你的来电，Charles。——不客气。根据Thanks for可知，此处是对感谢作出应答，应用My pleasure（不客气）。故选D。
7. —I have some good news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
—____________That’s great!
A. Congratulations! B. Pardon
C. Have I D. Good idea!
C
解析：C 句意：——我有个好消息要告诉你。你已被接纳为我们俱乐部的一员。——是吗？太好了！根据“You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.”和“That’s great!”可知，空处是得知消息后的一种反应，表示有点惊讶，应使用Have I（是吗），是Have I been accepted as a member of your club的省略。故选C。
8. —What’s wrong
—____________ And I cough a lot in the morning.
A. Everything’s fine. B. My chest hurts when I take deep breaths.
C. No problem. D. Thank you for asking.
B
解析：B 句意：——你怎么了？——我深呼吸时胸痛，而且早上咳嗽得厉害。Everything’s fine（一切都好）和No problem（没有问题）否认问题存在，与后文咳嗽的描述矛盾，B项提到了深呼吸时胸痛，符合语境；Thank you for asking（谢谢你的提问）答非所问。故选B。
9. —How was your internship at the tech firm
—____________They offered me a full-time position!
A. Terrible luck. B. Just so-so.
C. Couldn’t be better. D. All right.
C
解析：C 后面的“They offered me a full-time position!（他们给了我全职职位！）”表明实习体验极佳。Couldn’t be better（不能更棒了）表示了强烈的肯定，与后文形成因果关系。Terrible luck（运气很坏）、Just so-so（一般般）表达了消极情感，All right（好吧）用于答应提议。故选C。
10. —You look amazing in that dress! The colour suits you perfectly.
—____________Actually, I bought it at a second-hand store.
A. Don’t say that. B. I don’t know.
C. Thank you. D. It’s not true.
C
解析：C 句意：——你穿那条裙子看起来真漂亮！这个颜色很适合你。——谢谢。事实上，我是在二手商店买的。Don’t say that意为“别那么说”；I don’t know意为“我不知道”；Thank you意为“谢谢”；It’s not true意为“这不是真的”。根据“You look amazing in that dress! The colour suits you perfectly.”可知，此处应对对方的赞美表示感谢。故选C。
第二部分 选词填空（10题，每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，填入相应的空格处。
You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But you might want to know. Many cities in China have garbage sorting policies. People there need to put 1 kinds of garbage into different bins. More and more 2 will do the same in the future.
1. A. different B. difficult
C. same D. similar
2. A. countries B. cities
C. capitals D. towns
A
B
Why is garbage sorting a big 3 It’s 4 there is too much garbage these days. It is 5 for our land, air and water.
3. A. problem B. method
C. salary D. resource
4. A. so B. if
C. because D. although
5. A. good B. rich
C. simple D. bad
A
C
D
In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. 6, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new 7. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will be bad for the 8.
6. A. For example B. Such as
C. Luckily D. So far
7. A. garbage B. oil
C. plastic D. batteries
8. A. waste B. pollution
C. environment D. coal
A
D
C
Can’t factories sort garbage for us Yes, they can. But it 9 many workers to do this and it costs lots of money. If we all sort our own garbage, things will become much 10 .
9. A. punishes B. needs
C. spends D. costs
10. A. easy B. easily
C. easier D. easiest
B
C
解析:
1. A 考查形容词。different意为“不同的”；difficult意为“困难的”；same意为“相同的”；similar意为“相似的”。根据into different bins可知，是不同种类的垃圾。故选A。
2. B 考查名词。country意为“国家”；city意为“城市”；capital意为“首都”；town意为“城镇”。上文讲述了很多城市进行垃圾分类，该句是说将来越来越多的城市也会这样做。故选B。
3. A 考查名词。problem意为“问题”；method意为“方法”；salary意为“薪水”；resource意为“资源”。垃圾分类是一个大问题，应用problem。故选A。
解析:
4. C 考查连词。so意为“所以”；if意为“如果”；because意为“因为”；although意为“尽管”。根据前句Why可知，此处是回答原因。故选C。
5. D 考查形容词。good意为“好的”；rich意为“富裕的”；simple意为“简单的”；bad意为“坏的”。it指代前文提到的garbage，结合常识可知，垃圾对土地、空气和水是有害的。故选D。
解析:
6. A 考查短语和副词。for example意为“例如”，用来举一个例子，有时可以插入句中，不影响句子其他部分的语法关系；such as意为“比如”，可用来列举多个事物，一般插在被列举事物的前面；luckily意为“幸运地”；so far意为“到目前为止”。后句是一个重复使用垃圾的例子，且有逗号隔开，应用for example。故选A。
7. D 考查名词。garbage意为“垃圾”；oil意为“油”；plastic意为“塑料”；battery意为“电池”。根据if you put an old battery可知，是指做成新电池。故选D。
解析:
8. C 考查名词。waste意为“垃圾”；pollution意为“污染”；environment意为“环境”；coal意为“煤”。电池对环境有害。故选C。
9. B 考查动词。punish意为“惩罚”；need意为“需要”；spend意为“花费”；cost意为“花费”。工厂需要很多工人来做这件事。故选B。
10. C 考查形容词的比较级。easy意为“容易的”，是形容词；easily是副词；easier是比较级；easiest是最高级。much用来修饰比较级，意为“……得多”。故选C。
第三部分 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
第一节 （15题，每题2分，共30分）
Text 1
Dear human beings,
I write this letter to ask you to have a look at your life. I’m 80 years old. We’ve lived on the Earth with you for thousands of years. Each day we produce oxygen and remove harmful gas so that you have clean air. We help prevent the Earth’s soil from being washed away and above all we give all kinds of fruits as well as wood to you.
We like the world and we like you human beings. We would do anything for you. But you’ve never been interested in us. You hardly know anything about us. Do you know we trees are communicating with one another all the time Some of us pass nutrients and water around by joining our roots together underground.
We are now in great danger because of you. You are destroying us at high speeds. You are burning and cutting down millions of us each year, but you’re not planting us enough. Without us, you wouldn’t have enough materials for buildings and furniture. What is worse, air pollution and noise pollution would become more and more serious. Please stop destroying us and start protecting the environment, because we are the best fighters against pollution and we are your best friends.
Your old friend
1. Who is the writer of this letter
A. An old man. B. An old tree.
C. An alien. D. The Earth.
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的we trees可知，写信的是一棵老树。故选B。
B
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this text
A. Trees can stop the soil from running away.
B. Trees can provide humans with fruits and wood.
C. Trees can produce clean water for people to drink.
D. Trees are human beings’ best friends.
2. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We help prevent the Earth’s soil from being washed away and above all we give all kinds of fruits as well as wood to you.”可排除A、B项；根据第三段最后一句中的we are your best friends可排除D项。故选C。
C
3. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “nutrients” in Paragraph 2
A. 果实 B. 土壤
C. 养分 D. 氧气
3. C 词义猜测题。画线词所在句的句意为“我们中的一些树通过将根在地下连接在一起来传递和水。”结合常识可知，树木通过根传递养分和水。故选C。
C
4. What can we learn from the text
A. There is little knowledge about trees that humans should learn.
B. Serious noise pollution is mainly caused by heavy traffic.
C. Humans are getting along very well with trees.
D. Trees are humans’best friends and we should protect our environment.
4. D 细节理解题。第三段最后一句“Please stop destroying us and start protecting the environment, because we are the best fighters against pollution and we are your best friends.”提到了树木是人类最好的朋友，人类应该保护环境，这与D项相符。故选D。
D
5. The letter is written to _______.
A. call for people to protect trees
B. introduce some kinds of trees
C. offer some ways of growing trees
D. tell us to communicate with trees well
5. A 主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，文章提到了树木的用处、对人类的意义以及树木面临的困境。由此可知这封信的目的是呼吁人们保护树木。故选A。
A
Text 2
Cruise ships (游轮) are like cities that travel across seas. On a one-week journey, a cruise ship can create more than 50 tons of rubbish and one million gallons (加仑) of “grey water”—water from bathrooms, kitchens and washing machines. There is also 210,000 gallons of toilet waste. Most of this rubbish is sent into the sea—some of it has been treated to make it safe, but some hasn’t. Pollution from cruise ships causes a problem for everything that lives in the sea, and that problem is sometimes passed on to humans.
Plastic waste from ships floating (漂浮) on the surface of the water is very dangerous for sea animals. These animals often die from eating bags and other items made of plastic.
There are organisations trying to protect the seas of the world. They are working with governments in different countries to better the rules that protect the sea.
6. What is the text mainly about
A. Cruise ship voyages.
B. Toilet water from the ships.
C. Sea pollution from cruise ships.
D. Creatures living in the sea.
C
解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全篇都在讲述游轮造成的海洋污染。故选C。
7. On a one-week journey, “grey water” from cruise ships is about _______.
A. 50 gallons B. 5,000 gallons
C. 210,000 gallons D. 1,000,000 gallons
D
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On a one-week journey, a cruise ship can create more than 50 tons of rubbish and one million gallons of ‘grey water’…”可知，在一周的航行中，游轮会产生50多吨垃圾和100万加仑的“灰水”。故选D。
8. What information can we get from the text
A. Cruise ships are not big ships.
B. Cruise ships create little rubbish.
C. The rubbish from ships does harm to sea animals.
D. The rubbish from ships doesn’t include plastic waste.
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Plastic waste from ships floating on the surface of the water is very dangerous for sea animals.”可知，来自游轮的塑料垃圾漂浮在水面上，这对海洋动物极其危险。所以，来自游轮的垃圾对海洋动物有害。故选C。
9. What are some organisations trying to do
A. To change the rules to protect the sea. B. To change the rules all by themselves.
C. To make more cruise ships. D. To work in the government.
A
解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“They are working with governments in different countries to better the rules that protect the sea.” 可知，他们正在与不同国家的政府合作，改善有关海洋保护的规定。故选A。
10. You may find the article in _______.
A. a poster B. a magazine
C. a novel D. a guide book
B
解析：B 推理判断题。本文主要讲述了游轮造成的海洋污染，杂志的内容涵盖范围广泛，所以在杂志上可能会读到这篇文章。故选B。
Text 3
A study by researchers at the University of Southern California, US suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development. About 1,700 children from different areas in Southern California took part in the study. The scientists tested the children every year for eight years, starting at age ten. They say this is the longest study ever done on air pollution and the health of children.
The scientists found that children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five times more likely to grow up with weak lungs. Many were using less than eighty percent of normal lung strength to breathe.
The damage from dirty air was as bad as that found in children with parents who smoke. Children with reduced lung power may get more serious results from even a cold, for example.
The researchers show greater worries about long-term effects. They say adults normally begin to lose one percent of their lung power each year after age twenty. The doctors say that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults. The first is smoking.
11. Who found out the dirty air could reduce lung development
A. American scientists. B. English researchers.
C. Canadian scientists. D. Australian researchers.
A
解析：A 细节理解题。第一段提到“A study by researchers at the University of Southern California, US suggests that…”，南加利福尼亚大学位于美国。故选A。
12. How many years did the scientists test the children in the study
A. 5 years. B. 8 years.
C. 10 years. D. 17 years.
B
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The scientists tested the children every year for eight years可知，测试进行了八年。故选B。
13. The study shows that .
A. 1,700 children from Southern California have weak lung activities
B. children in Southern California use less lung strength to breathe
C. air pollution can affect the growth of children’s lungs
D. 80 percent of children in Southern California are affected by air pollution
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“A study…suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development.”可知，这个研究表明空气污染会阻碍儿童肺的发育。故选C。
14. Children living in areas with dirtier air were more likely to have .
A. stronger lungs B. normal lung strength
C. weaker lungs D. no difference in lung strength
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five times more likely to grow up with weak lungs可知，生活在空气污染较严重的地区的儿童肺更弱。故选C。
15. What is the first cause of early deaths among adults
A. The dirty air. B. The dirty water.
C. Smoking. D. A bad mood.
C
解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The doctors say that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults. The first is smoking.”可知，导致早亡的首要因素是抽烟。故选C。
第二节 （5题，每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a Saturday morning. 1 All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.
Then one whale perhaps lost its direction, directly towards land. 2 Its huge body rested on the sand. A few people ran towards the animal. They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water, but it was no use.
A. It came in with the waves, and when the waves went back, it stayed.
B. The rescuers would not give up.
C. A group of whales were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown.
D. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea.
E. An animal rescue service team soon arrived to help move the animal.
C
A
3 Jake and his family went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers. At least, Jake thought, they could help in some way.
Back at the beach, they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed. It was getting dark. 4 After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water with a lifting machine. 5 It swam out about a mile and then in what looked like a jump for joy, it rose high above the water—a thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save its life.
A. It came in with the waves, and when the waves went back, it stayed.
B. The rescuers would not give up.
C. A group of whales were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown.
D. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea.
E. An animal rescue service team soon arrived to help move the animal.
E
B
D
第四部分 完形填空（10题，每题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入适当的词或用括号里词的正确形式填空。
When we talk about air pollution，we are usually thinking about 1 air pollution. But do you know there 2 also air pollution inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of illnesses have something to do 3 polluted indoor air.
A lot of pollution comes from indoor activities 4 as smoking and cooking. As most people 5 about 80%~90% of their time inside buildings, 6 is important to take indoor air pollution seriously, too.
outdoor
is
with
such
spend
it
When the air is polluted, it 7 harm to not only the old people, but also the 8 people with health problems. In the Great London Fog in 1952, about 4,000 people 9 away in a few days because of the air pollution! It is 10 (say) that half a million young children and women suffer from early death each year in India because of indoor air pollution!
does
young
passed
said
假如你们学校为了增强学生的环保意识，就“Being a Greener Person”这一话题开展了征文活动。请你根据下面的要点提示写一篇英语短文投稿。
内容提示：
1.节约用电，离开房间要关灯；
2.节约用水，循环利用水资源；
3.乘坐公共交通工具或骑自行车，减少碳排放。
第五部分 书面表达（15分）
要求：词数70左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：carbon emission （碳排放）
Being a Greener Person
As a responsible individual, I try my best to be a greener person in my daily life. I save electricity by turning off lights whenever I leave a room, and I save water by using water efficiently and recycling waste water for other purposes. What’s more, to reduce carbon emission, I choose to take public transportation or ride my bike whenever possible. By taking these small steps, I contribute to a greener and healthier world.
Let us all make an effort to live a greener life and protect our precious planet.
附加练习
一、单词拼写
1. The fruit is very (新鲜的).
2. The (噪声) from traffic woke me up early.
3. I’m excited to start working at this new (公司) .
4. We should (重复使用) plastic bags.
5. It’s not your (错误). Don’t say sorry.
fresh
noise
company
reuse
fault
二、补全句子
1. 水污染是很多国家面临的一个严重问题。
is a serious problem in many countries.
2. 尽你最大努力按时完成作业。
to finish the homework on time.
3. 我们应该减少塑料垃圾以保护环境。
We should reduce to protect the environment.
Water pollution
Try your best
plastic waste
二、补全句子
4. 老师叫学生们一个接一个地回答这个问题。
The teacher called the students to answer the question .
5. 自然资源对生命非常重要。
are very important for life.
one by one
Natural resources
三、单项选择题
1. When you make a decision you must be for it.
A. thirsty B. thankful
C. responsible D. famous
C
解析：C 考查形容词短语。be thirsty for意为“渴望”；be thankful for意为“感谢”；be responsible for意为“对……负责”；be famous for意为“因……而出名”。做了决定就要对决定负责。故选C。
2. We put off the sports meeting it is raining outside.
A. because B. because of C. if D. once
3. It’s very to swim in deep water.
A. curious B. serious C. delicious D. dangerous
A
解析：A 考查状语从句。句意：我们推迟了运动会，因为外面在下雨。because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
D
解析：D 考查形容词。curious意为“好奇的”；serious意为“严重的，认真的”；delicious意为“美味的”；dangerous意为“危险的”。句意：在深水中游泳是非常危险的。故选D。
4. the rubbish and put it into the trash can.
A. Pick up B. Give up C. Take up D. Set up
A
解析：A 考查动词短语。pick up意为“捡起，拾起”；give up意为“放弃”；take up意为“占用，开始从事”；set up意为“建立，设立”。句意：捡起垃圾，把它扔到垃圾桶里。故选A。
5. Mr Li will go there me, because I am too busy at that time.
A. instead B. instead of C. with D. taking
B
解析：B 考查固定搭配。句意：李先生将代替我去那里，因为我那个时候太忙了。instead是副词，意为“代替，反而，却”，可位于句首或句末，修饰整个句子。而instead of意为“代替，而不是”，后跟名词、代词、动名词，故排除A。由because I am too busy at that time可排除C和D。故选B。
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