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(共26张PPT)
定语从句
The woman with glasses teaches English in a middle school this year, because her home is close to the school.
主语
谓语
定语
时间状语
地点状语
宾语
主语一般是动作的发出者，常位于句首,动词前。
谓语说明主语所做的动作或者具有的特征和状态，一般由动词充当，放在主语之后。
定语是对名词或代词起修饰限定作用的词，汉语用(..的)表示。
宾语表示动作的对象或者承受者。
状语按用途可分为:地点、时间、原因、目的等
原因状语
1.She is a lovely girl.
2.I have two friends.
3.There is a sports meeting.
4.The girl in pink is my daughter.
5.I want something to eat.
6.I have a friend called Bob.
7.He likes music that isn't too loud.
形容词做前置定语
数词做前置定语
介词短语做后置定语
名词做前置定语
不定式做后置定语
分词做后置定语
定语从句做后置定语
找出下列句子的定语以及定语的词性
lovely
two
sports
in pink
to eat
called Bob
that isn't too loud
定语太长一般后置
I like the music that I can dance to.
主句
定语从句
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
关系词
① 代替先行词
② 连接主从句
② 充当从句的成分
that, which ,who, whom, whose,
where, when,why
关系代词
关系副词
定语从句
关系代词
①I love music __________ I can sing along with.
that/which
Rule1:先行词是物，关系词可以用which/that。
=I love music I can sing along with.
关系词 指代music，指物，作宾语
Tip1:关系词作宾语时可省略；
②I prefer movies ___________ give me something to think about.
that/which
关系词 指代movies，指物，作主语
Tip2:关系词作主语时,不可省略,谓语动词与先行词的单复数
保持一致。
1.I prefer shoes that______(be)cool.
2.I like a movie that _____(be) really interesting.
3.I love singers who _____(be) beautiful.
4.I have a friend who _______(play) sports.
are
is
are
plays
关系词作定语从句的主语时后面紧跟着的是动词。
关系代词
①She likes musicians _______ play different kinds of music.
that/who
Rule2:先行词是人，关系词可以用who/that。
=He is the singer I prefer.
关系词 指代musicians，指人，作主语，不可省略
②He is the singer ______________I prefer.
that/who/
关系词 指代the singer，指人，作宾语，可省略
Tip3:当先行词是人，关系词在定语从句充当宾语的成分，此时
可以用关系词whom。
(只能做宾语)
whom
关系代词
1.The girl _______mother is a policewoman is from England.
2.The book________ cover is broken is mine.
whose
whose
那个妈妈是一名警察的女孩来自英国。
女孩的妈妈
书的封面
那本封面是破损的书是我的。
whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示关系词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人,也可指物,等同于(=of whom/ of which)
=of whom
=of which
词 形 先行词 在句中作用
关 系 代 词 that
which
who
whom
whose (=of whom/ of which)
Summary
人或物
主,宾语
物
主,宾语
人
主,宾语
人
宾语
人或物
定语
功能强大
只能用关系代词that
That is the most interesting book ______is sold in the bookshop.
The first thing ______we should do is to get some food.
Is there anything ______you don’t understand
All ______can be done must be done.
1. 当先行词是all、any、anything、everything、nothing等指物的不定代词时。
2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
that
that
that
that
只能用关系代词that
The writer and his novel _______ you have just talked about
are really well-known.
My bag is the only thing _______ is missing.
This is the very pen ______ I’m looking for.
3. 当先行词被the only、the very、the last 、all、no、 little、 few、any等修饰时。
4. 有两个或两个以上先行词，兼指人和物时。
that
that
that
只能用关系代词that
Who is the man _______is standing there
In my hometown,there is a big tree _____ has left sweet memories in my heart.
5. 在there be 句型中且存在的是物，只用that，不用which。
6. 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
that
that
关系词的特殊用法
不能用that的
情况
01
当关系代词前面有介词时
This is the room in which he lives.
This was the man for whom the police was searching.
关系词的特殊用法
不能用that的
情况
Sam heard a strange noise, which scared him.
She looked at Jeff, who was waving his arms.
Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. (也可以用who)
02
当定从前有逗号时,此时定语从句
变成非限制性定语从句。　
关系词的特殊用法
只用
who
的场合
01
当先行词是all, any或其合成词(someone, anyone)指人时。
Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
Those who have finished the work
can go back home.
02
当先行词是that, this, those,
these 时，且指人时。
1.--Do you have spare time to watch a movie in Time Cinema _______is funny.
--Sorry,I am busy these days.
A．whom　　B．/ C．who D．that
关系代词的判断
解题宗旨：①确定先行词
②看先行词是人还是物。
③看关系代词在从句中所作的成分。
D
被修饰的名词或代词才是先行词
先行词是物,关系词做主语，不可省略
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who D. /
关系代词的判断
解题宗旨：①确定先行词
②看先行词是人还是物。
③看关系代词在从句中所作的成分。
C
先行词是人,关系词做主语，不可省略，whom只能做宾语。
Exercises
The girl _______________ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer.
2. The town ___________ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.
3. April 1st is a day ____________ is called April Fools’ Day.
4. The girl ___________ often helps me with my English is from No. 8 Middle School.
5.He is the man __________ is ready to help others.
6. The girl ______________ I spoke to just now is my friend.
7.They are talking about a girl and her cat ______ are in the novel.
who/whom/that
which/that
which/that
who/that
who/that
who/whom/that
that
一、选用that, who, whom 或 which填空。
关系副词
①I’ll never forget the day _______ I joined the army.
when
定语从句主谓宾结构完整
when在定语从句中作时间状语
when表时间，在定语从句中
①先行词表示时间，
②关系词在句中作时间状语。
/on which
③相当于介词+ 关系代词（which）
关系副词
②This is the garden_________ I plant flowers in the
spare time.
where
定语从句主谓宾结构完整
where在定语从句中作地点状语
where表地点，在定语从句中
①先行词表示地点
②关系词在句中作地点状语
/in which
③相当于介词+ 关系代词（which）
关系副词
③ We don’t know the reason ____________ he was late for school.
why
定语从句主谓宾结构完整
why在定语从句中作原因状语
why表原因，在定语从句中
①先行词表示原因
②关系词在句中作原因状语
/for which
③相当于for+ 关系代词（which）
如何书写定语从句
The novel is very interesting. You lent it to me.
1.找出共同部分；
The novel
it
2.确定是人是物，做主做宾，进而确定关系词；
that/which/可省略
物,做宾语
3.先写主句，把定语从句放在先行词的后面;
The novel______________________ is very interesting.
that/which
4.先写关系词,接着把去掉共同成分的句子放在
其后面。
you lent to me
如何写定语从句
I like the noodles
I like the noddles.
My mother made the noodles.
that/which(可省略) my mother made.
如何写定语从句
I will go to the store
I will go to the store.
The store sells delicious
bread.
that/which sells delicious bread.
如何写定语从句
Kate is a singer .
Kate is a singer.
We look up to her.
(who/whom/that) we look up to
如何写定语从句
Mary is the first person .
Mary is the first person
She passed the exam.
that passed the exam

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