资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Unit 4
Natural Disasters
Discovering Useful Structures：
Describe pictures of disasters
1. This is a flower basket.
2. This is a basket full of flowers.
3. This is a flower basket bought by my friend.
4. This is a flower basket that was bought by my friend .
定语: 修饰名词或代词的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征。
1.定语主要有形容词，名词，介词短语，非谓语，句子；常译为“……的”
2.在所修饰词之前的定语叫前置定语，在所修饰词之后的定语叫后置定语。
3. 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。
Lead in: Observation
1. concept:(概念)
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做( ).
在复合句中修饰( )或( )的从句叫定语从句。
其作用相当于形容词。(即：充当定语的从句)
2.antecedant(先行词)：
包括 ,
There was an earthquake which happened
in Tangshan in 1976.
名词
代词
先行词
3. Relative word(关系词):
关系代词
关系副词
作用1:( )定语从句,起( )作用。
作用2：代替( )。
作用3：在( )中充当成分。
引导
连接
先行词
定语从句
Step II: definition(定义)
Underline the attribute in the sentences
1. Strange things were happening in the countryside.
2. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.
3. Some people saw bright lights in the sky.
4. More buildings fell down.
5. All hope was not lost.
6. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane.
7. The woman in the room is my mother.
8. People there are very kind to me.
9. The girl with a book in her hand is Mary.
10. He is a famous writer who comes from a small town.
1. A disaster is a sudden event that/ which usually causes great
damage.
2. A disaster that/ which usually causes great damage is a
sudden event.
A disaster is a sudden event.
A disaster usually causes great damage.
1. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind which/
that often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
2. A typhoon which/that often happens in the
Western Pacific Ocean is an extremely strong
wind.
A typhoon is an extremely strong wind.
A typhoon often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
A tsunami is a very large wave that/which is often caused by an earthquake under the sea.
A tsunami that/which is often caused by an earthquake under the sea is a very large wave.
A tsunami is a very large wave.
A tsunami is often caused by an
earthquake under the sea.
The baby who/that was rescued from the building was crying.
The baby who/that was crying was rescued from the building.
The baby was crying.
The baby was rescued from the building.
Children were painful.
The children’s parents died in the earthquake.
Children whose parents died in the earthquake were painful.
The girl (who/whom) the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.
The girl is John’s sister.
The soldier rescued her yesterday .
关系代词 所指代的先行词 在从句中所做成分
who 人 主语，宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语，宾语
that 人/物 主语，宾语
whose (人/物)的 定语
注意：做宾语可以省略
Step III:关系代词在定语从句中的用法：
做题技巧
两找一判断
1.找先行词, 指人还是指物
2.找定语从句
3.判断先行词在定语从中做的成份
1.The man _________came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl _________________ I met is Lucy.
3.A child _______parents are dead is called Tom.
4.I like the book ____________ you bought yesterday.
6. I have a room ________window faces south.
7.Thanks for your letter, ______took a fortnight to arrive.
who, that
whom, that, who, /
whose
that, which, /
whose
which
_________came to our school
_________________ I met
_______parents are dead
____________ you bought yesterday
________window faces south.
______took a fortnight to arrive.
Practice:
定语从句的关系词
The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
The girl (whom) the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.
The man with whom you talked just now is my captain.
在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who或that。
1. 当先行词是all, (a) little, (a) few, much, something, anything，everything, nothing. some等不定代词或者被all, any, much, few, little, no等词修饰时。
Abby told me everything _________she knew.
All _________can be done has been done.
There is little ________I can do for you.
1.关系词用只that而不用which情况:
Step IV:关系代词在定语从句中的特殊用法：
(that)
(that)
(that)
2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
This is the very good magazine that I left on the playground.
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
3. 当先行词被the very/only/same/last 修饰时：
4. 当先行词前有who,which等疑问代词时：
Who is the man that is standing there
He talked happily of the things and persons that he remembered studying in the school.
Which is the T-shirt that fits me the most
5. 当先行词既有人，又有物时：
1. 介词前置时，关系代词只能用which：
I attend such activities regularly, from which I benefit a lot.
Bruce doesn’t listen to any advice, which makes his mother very annoyed.
2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用which
2.关系词用只which而不用that情况:
1.Those ____ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.
2.One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.
3.The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students.
4.Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished.
who
who
who
who
当先行词是I, you, he, they或 those, one, ones, anyone, those, everybody, everyone等指人时用who或whom.
3.只用who情况
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
The suitcase which lies on the ground is hers.
总结1:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本。
总结2：“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French. 他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。
总结3：“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-
grandma cannot forget.
2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano
erupted.
3.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected
from around the country.
4. Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won
praise.
5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016
earthquake in Ecuador.
Translate the following sentences
1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-
grandma cannot forget.
2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano
erupted.
Translate the following sentences
唐山大地震是我曾祖母无法忘记的可怕经历。
住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇在火山爆发后自愿去帮忙。
3.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected
from around the country.
4. Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.
5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016
earthquake in Ecuador.
Translate the following sentences
提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地调来的。
李先生是一位建筑师，他为新城所作的设计赢得了赞誉。
和詹姆斯曾经工作过的一名医生在2016年厄瓜多尔地震中去世。
1. Here are some of the people whose homes were destroyed by the typhoon.
2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people who/that were asleep.
3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything that they could find.
这儿有一些家园被台风摧毁的人们。
建筑物剧烈的晃动惊醒了所有正在睡觉的人。
第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西在露天搭建了避难所。
4. Several days later, most of the buildings that/which had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.
5. The injured boy whose mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.
6. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by whom she was rescued.
7. Is this the young boy who/that saved several other students trapped under buildings
几天后，大多数在飓风中受损的建筑物都被修复了。
那个在灾难中失去母亲的受伤男孩被送往了医院。
这位女士给救了她的那位士兵写了一封感谢信。
这就是那个救了几名被困在建筑物下的学生的小男孩吗？
定语从句的关系词
定语从句的关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who
whom
that
which
whose
as
where
when
why
第四单元
第五单元
关系词的三个作用:
引导定语从句。
代替先行词。
在定语从句中担当一个成分。
This is a flower basket that was bought by my friend .

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