资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Discovering Useful Structures
Discribe pictures of disasters
1.To learn the restrictive relative clauses with that, which, who, whose, whom and /.
2.To use the restrictive relative clauses to describe pictures of disasters.
Warming-up
1.Watch the video clip to complete the lines.
I wonder how I wonder why
I wonder where they are
The days we had the songs we sang together
And oh my love,I'm holding on forever
Reaching for the love that seems so far
So I say a little prayer
And hope my dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue
To see you once again my love
Overseas from coast to coast
To find a place I love the most
Where the fields are green
To see you once again my love
The days we had the songs we sang together
我们共度的时光,我们齐声高唱的歌谣
Reaching for the love that seems so far
追寻着那遥不可及的爱
And hope my dreams will take me there where the skies are blue
希望梦境能带我去到那里,那里有湛蓝的天空
To find a place I love the most where the fields are green
去寻找我挚爱的乐土,在那里绿草遍野
2.Let’s enjoy some of the lines.
定语从句
关系词
先行词
.....reaching for the love that seems so far
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般位于先行词之后。
3.Let’s analyse the structure.
1
引导定语从句
2
代替先行词
3
在从句中担当成分
关系词
.....reaching for the love that seems so far
Learning
1.Importance of relatives(关系词) .
人/物的
定语
指人
主/宾语
指物
主/宾
人/物
主/宾
指人
宾语
who
whose
whom
that
which
2.Let's learn the rules of relative pronouns(关系代词) .
宾语
省略/
1. The number of people __________ lost homes reached（达到） as many as 250,000. (作_______)
2.The boy ______________ we saw yesterday was John’s brother. (作_______)
who/that
who/that/whom
主语
宾语
Rule 1.先行词是______，在定从中作主语或宾语，关系词用__________________________。
人
who/that/whom（只作宾语）
1. It sounded like a train _________ was going under my house. (作________)
2. The car _________ my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. (作________)
which/that
which/that
宾语
主语
Rule 2.先行词是________，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，关系词用_____________。
物
which/that
1. We found the boy ________ father is a doctor. (作______)
2. The tree ________ leaves are yellow is dying soon.
(作________)
whose
whose
定语
定语
Rule 3.先行词是________，关系词在定语从句中作_____，表示_____________，用_______，表所属关系。
人/物
定语
......人/物的…
whose
2.Find and underline the relative clauses in the sentences below and tell the function of the relatives.（P52）
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great grandma cannot forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Educator.
宾语object
主语subject
主语subject
定语attribute
宾语object
1.宜用that不宜用which的情况
(1)当先行词是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代词或者被all，much，little，no等词修饰时。
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已经做完了。
Further understanding
(2)当先行词被 the only，the very 等修饰时。
Music is the only thing that interests me.
音乐是唯一让我感兴趣的事情。
(4)当先行词中既有人，又有物时。
She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.
她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
(3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most shocking news that I have ever heard.
这是我听过的最令人震惊的消息。
（5）当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；
Who is the person that is standing at the gate
那个站在门口的人是谁？
2.宜用which不宜用that的情况
(1)当关系词前面有介词时，指物只能用which（指人只能用whom）
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
我曾经住过的那栋房子在大火中化为了废墟。
(2)非限制性定语从句中，前面有逗号，指物只能用which（指人只能用who/whom）
The traveller saw many buildings along the way，which were quite different from those in his hometown.
这位旅行者沿途看到了许多建筑，这些建筑和他家乡的那些大不相同。
(3)当先行词本身为指示代词 that时
what about that which had appeared in recent activities.
那个怎么样，在最近的活动中出现过.
(1)当先行词是I，you，he，they等人称代词或指人的不定代词，如one，ones，anyone时。
Anyone who does that must be mad.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
(2)当先行词为指人的those时。
Those who have good manners will be highly respected.
那些有礼貌的人会备受尊重。
3.宜用who不宜用that的情况
(1) 判断是否是定从：在名词后修饰名词
(2) 判断是限制性 or非限制性:非限制性定从有“，”，不用that
(3) 判断定语从句的从句部分是否完整：
否（缺主宾定）-- 用关系代词 （which, that, who, whom, whose）
是（不缺主宾） -- 用关系副词 (where, when, why)
(4) 关系代词选择看先行词：是人 -- who/whom/ that
是物 -- that/ which
只用that不用which的情况：代高序双疑特
(5)体会句意：检查是否有“所属”关系 --whose
Summary
1.How to choose a suitable relative
2.Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom,or"/". Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
1. Here are some of the people__________homes were destroyed.
2. The tremble shaking of the building woke up all the people_________
were aslep.
3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything
_________they could find.
4. Several days later, most of the buildings____________had been damaged by the huricane were repaired.
第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西，在户外搭建庇护所。
几天以后，大多数在飓风中被损坏的建筑物得到了修缮。
这里的一些人，他们的房子被摧毁了。
建筑物的可怕的晃动唤醒了沉睡中的人们。
whose
who/that
that或 /
that/which
5. The injured boy________ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.
6. The woman wrote a thank-you leter to the soldier by _______ she was rescued.
7. Is this the young boy _______ saved several other students trapped under buildings
这个受伤的男孩被送到了医院，他的妈妈在这场灾难中失踪了。
这位女子写了一封感谢信给救了她的战士。
这就是那个从楼里救出了好几位被困同学的男孩吗？
whose
whom
who
3.Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text on page 50.
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.
Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Practice
1.Fill in the blanks with that, which, who, whose, or whom.
1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event ___________usually causes great damage and can ruin many peoples lives.
2. The woman wanted to find and thank the firefghter___________rescued her from the fire.
3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind __________ often happens in the Western Pacifc Ocean.
which/that
who/that
which/that
4. The children _______ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends.
5 A tsunami is a very large wave ___________ is often caused by an earthquake under the Sea.
6. People to________much is given are people of ________ much will be expected.
which/that
whose
whom
whom
2. Work with a partner. Take turns to ask each other about the pictures. Make sentences with restrictive relative clauses using that, which, who, whose, or whom.
What if I want to make a sentence on my own
What can you see from the pictures？
What are they doing
Let’s form the sentences.
I can see some soldiers.
The soldiers/ They are helping the survivors to build shelters.
I can see some soldiers who/ that are helping the survivors to build shelters.
P3 A: Who are these men
B: They are soldiers who were sent to rescue the injured people after the earthquake.
Other suggested dialogues.
P1 A: Why is this dog part of the rescue team
B: The dog, whose job is to search people who are buried in the ruins, has an incredible sense of smell and hearing for finding people in the ruins.
P2 A: Who are the people whose tent is being fixed
B: The people whose city was destroyed by the earthquake.
1. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
supply
n. an amount of something that is available to be used; food, clothes, and things necessary for daily life or for a particular purpose
供应(量)；补给(品)
vt. to provide people with something that they need or want, especially regularly over a long period of time
供应；供给
Language Points
eg. The nation’s fuel supplies will not last forever.
这个国家的燃料供应不会无穷无尽。
Paint for the project was supplied by the city.
用于这个项目的油漆由市里提供。
Supplies were brought in by air.
补给品通过空运送到了。
1.provide提供所需物，生活必需品: provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
2.offer提供帮助、服务或向往之物。常接动词不定式作宾语，或双宾语: offer sth. to sb.
3.supply供给所需或所要求之物，范围更广: supply sb. with sth. / supply sth. to/for sb.。
provide, offer, supply
【语境应用】provide/offer/supply完成句子。
1) Anna’s school ________ her a very good chance last year.
2) Can you ________ fifteen rooms for thirty people
3) They were arrested for _________drugs to street dealers.
offered
provide
supplying
2. She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.
survive
vt. to continue to live normally in spite of many problems
幸存；艰难度过
vi. to continue to live after an accident, war, or illness
生存；存活
survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 残存，生还，生存
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来
eg. I can’t survive on $40 a week.
每周 40 美元根本不够我维持生计。
For a few years, the building survived as a shelter for the homeless.
几年来，这栋楼一直作为无家可归者的收容所存在着。
The lucky girl survived the big earthquake.
这个幸运的女孩在大地震中幸存了下来。
Jim was a survivor of the accident, but he lost his left leg.
吉姆是那场事故的幸存者，但他失去了左腿。
The survival of the boy is uncertain; he is badly hurt and may die.
这个男孩能否活下来还不确定 —— 他伤势严重，可能会夭折。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1)The man was the only ________(幸存者) who _______ (幸存) the earthquake. He told us he ______________(靠……生存) a bottle of mineral water. Everyone said his ________(幸存) was a wonder.
2)After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights ___________ (survive).
survivor
survived
had survived on
survival
to survive
Homework
1.Get familiar with the rules of relative pronouns.
2.Discribe the pictures on P48,using relative clauses.
3.Finish exercises about using structures in Workbook on P90-91.

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