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Unit 3　Careers and skills
1. Have a good understanding of the text “Work to live, live to work”；
2. Summarize some of the important reasons why we work and retell them；
3. Form your own perspective on and attitude to work；
4. Preview the new words.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. According to Paragraph 1, what is the purpose of education
A. To help us earn a high salary.
B. To ensure we complete our studies.
C. To prepare us for a life of work.
D. To tell us why we need to work.
(　　) 2. Which of the following statements about work is NOT true
A. Work often enables us to pursue our dreams.
B. Work ensures us unexpected success.
C. Work allows us the opportunity to do what we like.
D. Work can give us a sense of achievement and satisfaction.
(　　) 3. The phrase “excel in” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A. be good at B. be dying for
C. be anxious about D. be associated with
(　　) 4. The writer explains different types of jobs in Paragraph 4 by ________．
A. giving an example B. quoting
C. drawing an analogy D. giving a definition
(　　) 5. What do teachers in remote areas do
A. They have less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others.
B. They have no choice but to stay in their comfort zone.
C. They are less devoted to work because of the poor living conditions.
D. They change the lives of local people.
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. Why does someone say that “we work because we have to”？
2. How can you better adapt yourselves to new circumstances
3. What are the similarities between different types of jobs and gears in a machine
Activity 2: Read between the lines.
1. How do you understand what Henry David Thoreau said in Paragraph 2
2. What are the reasons that motivate your entry into the world of work
3. What are the writing techniques used in the text Why are these writing techniques used
Activity 3: Read beyond the lines.
1. How do you understand the title “Work to live, live to work”？
2. From your point of view, what does work mean to you
Activity 4: Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. 根据中文提示，从文中找出相应表达。
1. 使我们有做某事的机会
2. 从事我们喜欢的事
3. 为个人成长提供空间
4. 满足于现状
5. 使我们自己适应新环境
6. 增添我们的成就感
7. 比……优越；比……好
8. 对……有偏见
9. 做出我们各自的贡献
10. 投入于……；献身于……
Ⅱ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. When Wardell was interviewed, he was impressive, and on that basis, he was h__________．
2. We need a designer who can a__________ and respond to changes in the fashion industry.
3. The ceremony is very important. Please make every e__________ to arrive on time.
4. The climbers refused to let difficulties keep them from a__________ their goal of reaching the summit.
5. The state cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self driving cars, and for companies to ________(经营) driverless taxi services.
6. It wasn't until I rediscovered salsa in a lovely studio while working in Asia that I renewed my ________(酷爱) for dancing.
7. People make cutting remarks to help themselves feel ________(优越的) or powerful.
8. Tackling these challenges will require real vision and ________(领导应有的品质).
9. Racism is a deeply rooted ________(偏见) which has existed for thousands of years.
10. It is our routine that everyone would go into the hall for a gathering and then we'd go to our ________(各自的) classes on the Monday morning.
Ⅲ. 根据课文内容填空。
Some might say work provides us with 1.________ we need to be financially independent—the salary. However, besides earning a living, there are other reasons 2.________(motivate) us to enter the world of work.
Firstly, work often enables us 3.________(attain) our goals and achieve our dreams. Henry David Thoreau once said, one would meet with an 4.________(expect) success if he advanced confidently in the direction of his dreams and lived the imagined life. Secondly, work can also help develop our skills. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it a 5.________(necessary) that we should keep up and develop new skills. Also, work does good to both 6.________(we) and the health of society. Different types of jobs are like gears in a machine, 7.________ work to ensure that the machine called “society” functions well. 8.________ people are working in different fields, all jobs are considered equal and people 9.________(make) their own respective contributions to a stable and productive society.
All in all, it is generally acknowledged that hard work is not only essential for our individual well being, but also 10.________(benefit) to our society.
1. Learn and use the chunks and sentence patterns；
2. Write a short article according to the hints, using the chunks that have been learnt.
Review the text of “Work to live, live to work” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which/who …
From the text, we may learn that …
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：salary; passion; lawyer; servant; consultant; receptionist; leadership
动词：attain; anticipate; operate
形容词：fond; respective
多种词性：labour; superior; prejudice; clerk; zone; hire
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
(　　) 1. receptionist　A. the ability to be a leader or the qualities a good leader
should have
(　　) 2. salary B. belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned
(　　) 3. passion C. better in quality than sb/sth else; greater than sb/sth else
(　　) 4. attain D. to pay money to borrow sth for a short time
(　　) 5. anticipate E. money that employees receive for doing their job, especially professional employees or people working in an office, usually paid every month
(　　) 6. prejudice F. a person whose job is to deal with people arriving at or telephoning a hotel, an office building, a doctor's surgery, etc.
(　　) 7. respective G. to succeed in getting sth, usually after a lot of effort
(　　) 8. leadership H. a very strong feeling of love, hatred, anger,
enthusiasm, etc.
(　　) 9. hire I. to see what might happen in the future and take action to prepare for it
(　　)10. superior J. an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc.
Ⅲ. Complete Part B on P33 of the textbook and finish the exercises below.
1. 单句语法填空。
(1) She took advantage ________ the children's absence to tidy their rooms.
(2) People tend to buy more expensive items, but these items are not ________(necessary) better.
(3) They are ________(prejudice) against older applicants, regardless of their rich experience and maturity.
(4) He ________(emphasis) that their plan would mean sacrifices and hard work.
(5) They came to realize that they would not survive the crisis unless they ________(cooperation).
(6) Considering the tough situation, it remains to be seen ________ or not this idea can be put into practice.
(7) She has been attending a course in the past two months, with the intention of ________(sharp) her business skills.
(8) Great importance should be attached ________ the interview, which is beneficial to both the employers and the employees.
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) He underwent a three hour heart ________ and finally was out of danger, but the doctor ________ on him was too tired to stand up.(operate)
(2) The eagerly ________ party would be held soon and he bought extra food in ________ of more people coming than he'd invited.(anticipate)
(3) Please pick up one of our free information sheets at ________, and if you have trouble finding the sheets, you are welcome to ask our ________ for help. We promise that you all will be ________ as honoured guests here.(receptionist)
(4) He has a ________ interest in music, so that ________ are running high whenever he plays any musical instrument.(passion)
(5) After several years of study and practice, he eventually ________ fluency in English, which was not an ________ goal to most English learners.(attain)
Ⅳ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
我们打算推迟会议，因为有几个成员不能参加，尤其是因为主席不在。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
2. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
确实吃早饭规律的人往往更健康。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
3. Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
为了保持健康，他不仅保证充足的睡眠，而且也开始均衡饮食。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
4. Moreover, there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
就有这么一些人在家境上比你好，在学习上还更加专注。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
5. Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us, something worth remembering is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
将来不管你去往何处，不管你做什么工作，值得牢记的是你的父母永远爱你。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
6. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
众所周知，这样恶劣的天气会增添我们完成任务的困难。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
1. Learn and understand noun clauses；
2. Figure out the meanings of some important expressions.
Activity 1: Explore and apply.
Ⅰ. Summarize the main idea of the passage in Part A on P34 with about 30 words.
Ⅱ. Complete the exercises in Parts A & B on P3435．
Ⅲ. Finish the following exercises.
1. 辨别下列名词性从句的具体类型。
(1) That teaching is an important job is known to all.________
(2) They want to make it clear that language is an important tool.________
(3) Tell him (that) he needn't worry and that I will help him out.________
(4) Mr White thinks the proposal is useless, and that's where I don't agree.
________
(5) The notice that we will have a sports meeting excites all of us.________
2. 用适当的连接词完成短文。
Dr Steward can often be found wandering dark streets, carrying his medical bag. It is easy to find out (1)________ he is doing. He is giving the animals, or rather the pets kept by the homeless, some help. He believes he can deal with most of the cases he meets with and (2)________ he can't turn anybody who needs assistance away. But occasionally, some people have a question (3)________ or not the homeless should have pets. In Steward's opinion, pets deserve to be kept by (4)________ loves them. It is true (5)________ the homeless deserve pets because they love their pets probably more than the average people. Besides, there's one more impressing reason. Raising a cat or dog is (6)________ they really need. (7)________ of the pets serves as a good partner helps remove the owner's loneliness. Therefore, Steward has a suggestion (8)________ the homeless should be allowed to have pets. After all, when it comes to keeping pets, what matters is (9)________ needs a pet and can take care of it rather than (10) the pet is kept.
3. 翻译下列句子(包含名词性从句)。
(1) 我们明天是否举行派对取决于天气。
______________________________________________________________________
(2) 我感到很遗憾，没有人关注这个问题。
______________________________________________________________________
(3) 在你离开教室前，确保关好门窗。
______________________________________________________________________
(4) 汤姆提出的建议是我们应该立即打扫房间。
______________________________________________________________________
(5) 无论别人说什么都不会阻止我们追寻自己的梦想。
______________________________________________________________________
(6) 毫无疑问，她的建议对我们来说很有价值。
______________________________________________________________________
Activity 2: Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. If you are unable to recall the telephone number, refer to your telephone d__________．
2. You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque m__________； those are the two alternatives.
3. Intellectual property is a product of the mind that has c__________ value.
4. People who are less s__________ involved are better judges, and are more likely to do justice to complex situations.
5. The government provides student l__________ for the students in need, which can be paid back in three years.
6. The parents were active in campaigning against the government's cutting down on the education ________(预算).
7. A private ________(侦探) hired to look into the case had been following the suspect for several weeks.
8. It's no use arguing with him about the money unless you can take out the ________(收据) as proof of purchase.
9. It's clear that lawyers should be always working for the benefit of their ________(委托人), putting their interests in the first place.
10. Officials are laying the ________(准备工作) for a summit conference of world leaders.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空。
1. He decided to quit his highly paid but ________(demand) job recently to look after his elderly parents.
2. They have decided to take that problem apart and ________(analysis) it in great detail.
3. Good opinions are worth ________(stick) to because they can benefit us all.
4. Even today, most working women have no choice but to rely ________ their parents to help look after their children.
5. There is no need to hurry since the date of the move has not been ________(definite) decided yet.
6. Unless you are trying to lose weight to please yourself, it's going to be tough to keep your ________(motivate) level high.
7. It's not something I can give you rules for; you'll have to use your ________(judge).
8. A cheaper range of products was introduced ________(plug) the gap at the lower end of the market.
9. This kind of training is ________(effective), and wasteful of scarce resources.
10. Running one's own business is not easy, which means ________(deal) with different people.
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
weigh up; put … on the line; put … into action; keep track of; appeal to; provide for
1. We had to ________________ our possessions, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.
2. ________________ her family required a lot of money, which forced her to find employment as soon as possible.
3. The findings of the research didn't reveal how many factory jobs were ________________ because of the financial crisis.
4. Sport has become an important form of entertainment, ________________ both men and women.
5. Considering the decision is not easy to make, you'd better________________ the pros and cons in your mind.
6. The new plan for traffic control is ________________ on an experimental basis now.
Ⅳ. 翻译句子。
1. 目前我们对周末还没什么安排，你为什么不过来呢？
We __________________________________________ the weekend so far—why don't you come over
2. 搜寻工作已经耗去了他们大量的时间和金钱，但还没有任何结果。
The search ________________________________________________________, but has led to no results.
3. 在改善孩子教育方面，大家的想法很多。
There's no shortage of ideas __________________________________________ the education of children.
4. 这家网络平台为公司高层提供关于如何提高领导技能的建议。
The online platform provides advice on _________________________________
to company superiors.
5. 工人们日夜赶工以赶在最后期限前完成任务是不足为奇的。
__________________________________________ workers ________________
___________________ to meet the deadline.
1. Learn and catch key information about making a career plan；
2. Work out the meanings of some important expressions；
3. Write your career plan.
Activity 1: Learn and practise.
Ⅰ. Connie is listening to Miss Wang's talk about making a career plan. Listen to the talk and finish the tasks in Part A on P36.
Ⅱ. Read an article about a career plan written by Connie and pay attention to how she planned her career.
Ⅲ. Write your career plan.
文 体 常 识
一、 文体特点
职业生涯规划(a career plan)是指对职业生涯乃至人生持续、系统地进行计划的过程。一个完整的职业生涯规划由职业定位、目标设定和通道设计三个要素构成。写职业生涯规划书应注意以下方面：自我认知、确立目标、职业分析、规划实施、总结。
二、 常用句式
1. I have made up my mind/want to be …
2. I have extensive hobbies, such as … as well as …
3. To achieve this goal, I plan/hope to …
4. Therefore, I will start my career at the very beginning as …
5. As for the opportunity, I believe …， no matter …
实 践 运 用
假定你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他很想了解你的职业规划，请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 你希望从事的职业——记者；
2. 你选择该职业的原因：每天接触新事物，精力充沛；实现童年成为英雄的梦想，惩恶扬善；
3. 你打算为之做准备——打算申请中国传媒大学；毕业后，到举世闻名的大学继续深造。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：中国传媒大学Communication University of China
Dear Jim，
How is everything going Knowing you are interested in my career plan, I am writing to share it with you in details.
______________________________________________________________________
That is all about my career plan. I am looking forward to being told about yours if you have got one.
Yours，
Li Hua
第一步　审题谋篇
审题 1. 体裁：职业生涯规划书 2. 时态：以一般现在时、现在完成时和一般将来时为主 3. 人称：以第一人称为主
谋篇 第一段：陈述话题 第二段：点明选择的职业以及选择的原因 第三段：提出为实现自己的目标而做出的一步步准备 第四段：总结全文，提出希望
第二步　遣词造句
1. 我将来想成为一名记者，有几点原因。
I want to be a journalist in the future, for which ___________________________. (引出话题)
2. 首先，这是一个能让我每天接触新事物的工作，让我保持精力充沛，充满热情。
First, it is a job ________________________________ every day, keeping me energetic and passionate.(说明原因)
3. 其次，成为一名新闻工作者能帮助我实现童年成为英雄的梦想，惩恶扬善。
Second, working as a journalist can ________________________________ by fighting against evil and spreading virtue.(说明原因)
4. 为实现这个目标，我计划申请中国传媒大学，其开设的新闻学专业多年来排名全国第一。
To achieve this goal, I plan to ________________________________ Communication University of China, whose major, Journalism, _________________
____________ for many years throughout the whole country.(交代计划)
5. 毕业后，我将到举世闻名的大学继续深造以拓展视野。
After graduating, I will continue my study in a world famous university ________________________________．(交代计划)
第三步　组句成篇
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 2: Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. It's surprising that some of the fake ________(design) watches should be sold at the price of the genuine ones.
2. It's obvious from what she said ________ something is wrong.
3. This small apartment is the only ________(afford) housing option for me in the city.
4. He received the award in ________(recognize) of his success over the past year.
5. You can sell it at a set wholesale price, allowing them ________(mark) it up for retail.
6. A successful teacher is a passionate teacher ________ behaves in a professional manner, whether Chinese or foreign.
7. Becoming your own person releases your ________(creative).
8. Her trust in me has inspired me ________(do) things that I never imagined possible.
9. Before I entered college, I ________(learn) about some of the best English sources.
10. Spain is still in its first stage ________ it comes to attracting Chinese tourism.
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. You will be amazed ________ his unique way of thinking and skilful writing.
2. Recent research ________ deaf children has produced some interesting findings about their speech.
3. I hope to work in a computer company ________ a programme designer after graduation.
4. If you come across new words, you can look them ________ in a dictionary.
5. I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar ________ most readers.
6. Benjamin West showed his talent ________ art when he was only six years of age.
7. It happened—whether ________ accident or design—that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.
8. This system may be more economic but will lead ________ a decline in program quality.
9. A higher proportion ________ Americans go on to higher education than is the case in Britain.
10. The mobile phone is fashionable and portable, so it is very popular ________ the young.
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
be amazed to; be familiar with; swing into action；
have the qualifications for; try one's hand at
1. At the appropriate time we will ________________________ and life will change quite dramatically.
2. Employers ________________________ discover how much could be achieved by encouraging staff with a fair salary, regular feedback and just treatment.
3. He ________________________ swimming, though it was the first time he had been in the water.
4. He ________________________ the research which might have strengthened his own arguments, but he was supposed to be.
5. Not only do I ________________________ the job, but I also have the right personality required.
1. Understand the text “Tips for job interviews” by skimming & scanning；
2. Retell the text in your own words and write a summary of it；
3. Preview the new words.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. Which of the following is NOT a purpose of an interview
A. It allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant.
B. It gives the applicant a chance to learn more about the company.
C. It helps the interviewee gain the upper hand in employment.
D. It enables the applicant to discover whether the job is suitable.
(　　) 2. According to Paragraph 3, a candidate should ________．
A. list his/her strengths and analyse his/her weaknesses in advance
B. consult the interviewers about the criteria for selecting candidates
C. help the company achieve their goals
D. take courses to strengthen the weaknesses
(　　) 3. Which statement concerning the interview process is NOT true
A. Ask for clarification when necessary.
B. Justify oneself with relevant examples.
C. Pay attention to the interviewer's responses.
D. Give more information than needed.
(　　) 4. Which of the following statements about the body language is TRUE
A. When talking, a candidate had better stare fixedly at the interviewer.
B. A candidate can sit casually to keep a relaxed posture.
C. A genuine smile indicates one is confident and relaxed.
D. Crossing the arms is seen as positive body language.
(　　) 5. What does the phrase “reaching the end of the rainbow” mean
A. Seeing a rainbow in the sky.
B. Achieving what someone dreams of.
C. Finding something colourful and fascinating.
D. Getting a knowledge of the goals.
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. How can a candidate practise interviews with a friend
2. How can a candidate make a good first impression
3. What are the purposes of following up
Activity 2: Read between the lines.
1. How do you understand “An interview is a two way street” in Paragraph 8
2. What is the purpose of the example in Paragraph 8 What's the hidden meaning when a candidate says that “Japanese was a minor subject …”？
Activity 3: Read beyond the lines.
1. What is the structure of the text And what is the main idea
2. What do you think makes a job applicant successful in an interview Make a list of the qualities that you think are the most important and explain why.
Activity 4: Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. 根据中文提示，从文中找出相应表达。
1. 给某人提供做某事的机会
2. 留下好的第一印象
3. 找到恰当的对话的平衡
4. 用相关例子来证明你自己
5. 具体说明……
6. 保持持续的眼神交流
7. 让你更清楚地了解……
8. 采取进一步行动
9. 表达你对……的兴趣
10. 回顾……
Ⅱ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. The school was used as a hospital for the d__________ of the war.
2. The flight scheduled to take off at 11：30 will be d__________ for twenty minutes due to air traffic control.
3. The thief we s__________ is a hard nut to crack; he hasn't said a thing since we began the question.
4. A death p__________ to 65 is considered to be a premature death.
5. He refused to comment before he had seen all the r__________ information.
6. The length of a paragraph depends on the information it ________(传递).
7. The front door is locked and all the windows are ________(牢牢地) shut.
8. Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be ________(粗鲁的) to that person by arguing with him or her.
9. Nothing ________(证明……正确) murdering another human being.
10. ________(真诚的) criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful.
Ⅲ. 根据课文内容填空。
If you're asked to go for a job interview, the following advice may be 1.________(help), even though you have never been a candidate for a particular job before.
An interview is a conversation, 2.________ an employer and a potential employee can have an opportunity to learn more about each other.
To succeed in an interview, get well 3.________(preparation) beforehand, such as finding out necessary information through the company's profile and website and reflecting 4.________ the strengths and weaknesses. Also, making a good first impression 5.________(recommend). During the interview process, try to find the right conversational balance, and make 6.________(adjust) according to the interviewer's responses. Pay attention to your body language, because the information 7.________(infer) from your body language can give away 8.________ you are confident or not. Towards the end of the interview, ask questions to get a better picture of the company and address any strengths not brought up 9.________(natural). After the interview, never forget 10.________(follow) it up, which is a way to express your thanks to the interviewer and interest in working for the company.
If you follow these steps and put your best foot forward, you will obtain your dream job.
1. Learn and use the chunks and sentence patterns；
2. Learn to conduct a mock job interview.
Review the text of “Tips for job interviews” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which/who …
From the text, we may learn …
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：candidate; applicant; criterion; mode; duration; rainbow; madam; bowling; tournament
动词：justify; infer; seize
形容词&副词：refreshed; rude; relevant; genuine; corporate; temporary
多种词性：prior; profile; shave; delay; firm
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
(　　) 1. candidate　　 A. to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable
(　　) 2. temporary B. to not do sth until a later time or to make sth happen at a later time
(　　) 3. justify C. a person who is trying to be elected or is applying for a job
(　　) 4. delay D. to reach an opinion or decide that sth is true on the basis of information that is available
(　　) 5. criterion E. lasting or intended to last or be used only for a short time; not permanent
(　　) 6. relevant F. real; exactly what it appears to be; not artificial
(　　) 7. profile G. a standard or principle by which sth is judged, or with the help of which a decision is made
(　　) 8. infer H. the length of time that sth lasts or continues
(　　) 9. genuine I. closely connected with the subject you are discussing or the situation you are thinking about
(　　)10. duration J. a description of sb/sth that gives useful information
Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with proper words.
1. There is no doubt that he is one of the leading c__________ for the presidency.
2. The job advertisement requires that all the a__________ must have three years' experience.
3. What c__________ are used for assessing a student's ability
4. When students are finishing the reading comprehension, much of the meaning must be i__________ from the context.
5. Considering her health condition, he d__________ telling her the news, waiting for the right moment.
6. Your debt situation is only ________(暂时的), and it is within your power to resolve it.
7. I love talking to other people and I ________(真正地) invest my attention in their stories.
8. She worked hard to live up to the teachers' expectations, and consequently her success ________(证明……正确) the faith they had put in her.
9. The law, once set, applies to both individuals and ________(公司的) bodies.
10. What action would leave me feeling rejuvenated and ________(精神振作的)
Ⅳ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. The odds are that you've never been a candidate for a particular job before, but my advice will help you gain the upper hand as you set off and step into the world of employment.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
他可能会输，但他的努力和决心将帮助他占据优势。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
2. An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
团队协作是一项合作活动，每个成员都应该弄清楚自己需要做什么。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
3. Once you've done your homework about the company and the position, make a list of questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
一旦决定放弃，你就需要寻求别的能让你拿到奖学金的机会。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
4. Check the address of the interview, decide what mode of transport to use and allow extra time for traffic delays.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
梳理文件，写下细节，并且找出谈判失败的原因。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
5. When answering, try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
遛狗时，随身带个小垃圾袋，保持环境清洁。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
6. Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
知道父母在身边陪伴，他就放松下来，并且睡着了。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
7. Negative body language, such as yawning, looking around and crossing your arms, is to be avoided because it implies that you are bored, anxious or defensive.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
一些不良习惯需要被避免，比如上课讲话、吃东西，因为这些表明你并未专心。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
8. It's also vital to look back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.
[Paraphrase]_______________________________________________________
回顾你的学习过程，找出你疏忽的地方，这一点很重要。
[Imitation]_________________________________________________________
Activity 3: Explore and learn.
Divide the class into several groups, discuss what job opportunities there are for a mock job interview, each group choosing one job to research, think of job interview questions, and at last conduct the mock job interview in front of the rest of the class.
Activity 4: Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. We are so sorry to inform all of you that the service is ________(temporary) unavailable at this moment.
2. Did you see the film about Antarctica The ________(photo) was superb!
3. There is always a strange ________(collect) of runners in the London Marathon.
4. His method of obtaining a high level of ________(product) is demanding.
5. I have been reliably ________(inform) that the couple will marry next year.
6. Her parents________ (overcome) with grief at the funeral.
7. It was the first time I ________(have) visitors since I'd moved to London.
8. And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more ________(stress) than it was just a few decades ago, you're right.
9. ________ I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
10. ________(industry) progress should go hand in hand with the development of agriculture.
Ⅱ. 翻译句子。
1. 新年第一天，我在美国开始了一次新的冒险。
I ___________________________ a new adventure in the US on the first day of the new year.
2. 在会议结束时有一个讨论环节，那将会为你提供一个提出问题的机会。
At the end of the meeting, there is a discussion session, _____________________
__________________________ to put forward your questions.
3. 他如此疲劳，因此他冲了一个冷水澡以便看起来神清气爽。
He was so exhausted that he had a cool shower in order to ___________________
__________________________.
4. 列出你的优点和反思你的缺点有助于找到你适合的工作。
____________________________________ and reflecting on your weaknesses can be helpful for you to find the job which you _______________________________．
5. 这些照片和视频能让你更好地了解男孩们去露营的时候都做了些什么。
These pictures and videos can _________________________________________ what the boys did when they went camping.
6. 压力未必是坏事，有些人被置于压力之下会表现得更好。
Pressure is not necessarily a bad thing and some people work better when they __________________________________________．
Unit 3　Careers and skillsPeriod 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Activity 1：
Ⅰ. 1—5 CBACD
Ⅱ. 1. Because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. That is to say, we have to make a living by working.
2. We must be ready and willing to acquire new skills.
3. The different types of jobs are like gears in a machine. Firstly, they work to ensure that the machine/society functions properly. Secondly, they are equally important and no one is superior to another. Thirdly, each of them plays a role and makes their respective contributions.
Activity 2：　
1. Literally, the sentence means if someone insists on pursuing his/her dream confidently and makes efforts to live the desired life, he/she will achieve something unexpected. It has put great emphasis on diligence and efforts. It is the hard work that enables people to live up to their dreams. The purpose of the quote from Henry David Thoreau is to support the idea “All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams”.
2. Firstly, we work because we need the salary to earn a living. Secondly, through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved. Thirdly, work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. Last but not least, not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society.
3. In the text, writing techniques, such as quoting, drawing analogies, and giving examples, are used. Actually, writers usually use examples to illustrate facts and support certain points of view. Quoting is used to confirm an opinion, making it more convincing. Drawing analogies is an easy way to explain something when two similar items are compared.
Activity 3：
1. For one thing, as is mentioned in the text, we have to work because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent, or rather to make a living. So, we can say we work to live. For another, work can be of great benefit to us and society. For example, our goals can be attained, our dreams can be achieved, and our skills can be developed through the work. Besides, work also contributes to the health of society. It's safe to say that we live to work. It's hard work that provides us with room for personal growth and reveals our own personal value to the whole society.
2. From my point of view, work is an indispensable part of life. Take myself as an example. As a senior high student, chances are that I have never been engaged in a genuine job before. But I do have experiences of so called part time jobs and volunteer work. By doing all these jobs, I have a better understanding of work and enhance my personal abilities to deal with different situations. Besides, I have done my best to help those in need, making contributions to a successful, stable and productive society, which gives me a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
Activity Four：　
Ⅰ. 1. allow us the opportunity to do sth
2. be engaged in something we are fond of
3. provide room for personal growth
4. be satisfied with the status quo
5. adapt ourselves to new circumstances
6. add to our sense of achievement
7. be superior to …
8. have prejudice against …
9. make our respective contributions
mit oneself to/be devoted to …
Ⅱ. 1. hired　2. anticipate　3. endeavour
4. attaining　5. operate　6. passion
7. superior　8. leadership　9. prejudice　10. respective
Ⅲ. 1. what　2. motivating　3. to attain
4. unexpected　5. necessity　6. ourselves
7. which　8. Though/Although/While
9. are making　10. beneficial
Period 2　Language focus on Reading(2)
Activity 1：
The text is mainly about some of the important reasons for working, which can give some clues to the question whether we work to live or live to work.
From the text, we may learn that work is beneficial to both ourselves and our society. Firstly, work provides us with the salary we need to earn a living. Secondly, work enables us to attain our goals and achieve our dreams. Thirdly, work can help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. Fourthly, it also contributes to the health of society.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 略
Ⅱ. 1—5 FEHGI　6—10 JBADC
Ⅲ. 1. (1) of　(2) necessarily　(3) prejudiced　(4) emphasized　(5) cooperated
(6) whether　(7) sharpening　(8) to
2. (1) operation; operating　(2) anticipated; anticipation　(3) reception; receptionist(s); received　(4) passionate; passions
(5) attained; attainable
Ⅳ.1. [Paraphrase] Some might say that we work because we have to, especially because we need the salary to enable us to be financially independent.
[Imitation] We are going to put off the meeting because some members can't attend, not least because the chairman is absent.
2. [Paraphrase] There is no doubt that most of us do join the labour force when our studies are completed.
[Imitation] It's certainly true that people who regularly eat breakfast tend to be healthier.
3. [Paraphrase] Work is beneficial to us personally as well as to the health of society.
[Imitation] Not only did he get enough sleep, but he also began to have a balanced diet to stay healthy.
4. [Paraphrase] What's more, there are people choosing to give up their comfortable life to devote themselves to serving others.
[Imitation] There are people who have better living conditions than you do and are more committed to studies.
5. [Paraphrase] No matter where life takes us and no matter what choices are given to us, we should remember that our work will help us make a living and help make a life for all the people if it is done well.
[Imitation] Wherever you go and whatever you do in the future, something worth remembering is that your parents love you forever.
6. [Paraphrase] We can be proud to know that hard work is essential not only for our individual well being, but also for the benefit of our whole society.
[Imitation] It is common knowledge that such bad weather can add to our difficulties in finishing the task.
Period 3　Grammar and usage
Activity 1：
Ⅰ. The passage is mainly about weighing up the advantages and disadvantages of starting one's business before one decides to put his/her brilliant idea into action.
Ⅱ. A Exploring the rules
Answer key to Exercise A：
Subject clause It is no surprise that being one's own boss is appealing to many people.
Object clause · As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, … · Also, you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.
Predicative clause Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family, …
Appositive clause … you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.
Working out the rules：
(1) noun　(2) that
B Applying the rules
Answer key to Exercise B1：
1. I want to know how young people decide on a career.
2. Her doubt is whether she has enough time to complete so many tasks.
3. The careers adviser's suggestion that people should think carefully before choosing a job is useful.
4. It remains to be seen where my uncle will open his new restaurant.
Answer key to Exercise B2：
(1) that　(2) that　(3) whether/if　(4) How　(5) that
Answer key to Exercise B3：
(1) what you will do　(2) what they think about fashion　(3) What they tell you
Ⅲ. 1. (1) 主语从句　(2) 宾语从句　(3) 宾语从句　(4) 宾语从句；表语从句　(5) 同位语从句
2. (1) what　(2) that　(3) whether
(4) whoever　(5) that　(6) what
(7) Whichever　(8) that　(9) who
(10) how/where
3. (1) Whether we will hold a party tomorrow depends on/upon the weather.
(2) I feel it a pity that no one pays attention to this problem.
(3) Make sure that the doors and windows are closed before you leave the classroom.
(4) The suggestion put forward by Tom was that we (should) clean the room immediately.
(5) Whatever others say will not stop us (from) pursuing our dreams.
(6) There is no doubt that her advice is of great value to us.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 1. directory　2. monthly　3. commercial
4. subjectively　5. loans　6. budget
7. detective　8. receipt(s)　9. clients
10. groundwork
Ⅱ. 1. demanding　2. analyse　3. sticking
4. on　5. definitely　6. motivation
7. judgement　8. to plug　9. ineffective　10. dealing
Ⅲ. 1. keep track of　2. Providing for　3. put on the line　4. appealing to　5. weigh up
6. being put into action
Ⅳ. 1. haven't made any plans for　2. cost them a lot of time and money　3. when it comes to improving　4. how to sharpen leadership skills　5. It is no surprise that; work around the clock
Period 4　Integrated skills
Activity 1：
实践运用
第二步：
1. there are several reasons
2. that can get me exposed to new things
3. help realize my childhood dream of being a hero
4. apply for; has been ranked the first
5. to broaden my horizons
第三步：
Dear_Jim，
How_is_everything_going _Knowing_you_are_interested_in_my_career_plan,_I_am_writing_to_share_it_with_you_in_details.
I want to be a journalist in the future, for which there are several reasons. First, it is a job that can get me exposed to new things every day, keeping me energetic and passionate. Second, working as a journalist can help realize my childhood dream of being a hero by fighting against evil and spreading virtue.
To achieve this goal, I plan to apply for Communication University of China, whose major, Journalism, has been ranked the first for many years throughout the whole country. After graduating, I will continue my study in a world famous university to broaden my horizons.
That_is__all_about_my_career_plan._I_am_looking_forward_to_being_told_about_yours_if_you_have_got_one.
Yours，
Li_Hua
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 1. designer　2. that　3. affordable 4. recognition　5. to mark　6. who
7. creativity　8. to do　9. had learnt　10. when
Ⅱ. 1. at/by　2. on/into　3. as　4. up　5. to　6. for　7. by　8. to　9. of　10. with/among
Ⅲ. 1. swing into action　2. were amazed to
3. tried his hand at　4. wasn't familiar with 5. have the qualifications for
Period 5　Extended reading(1)
Activity One:
Ⅰ. 1—5 CADCB
Ⅱ. 1. He/She can film the interviews to review the performance. A candidate should pay attention to his/her voice and body language, and keep at it until he/she can concisely and confidently present his/her best self.
2. To make a good first impression, a candidate is supposed to dress appropriately and be careful about personal hygiene. Besides, it is suggested that he/she should get a good night's rest so that he/she feels and looks refreshed. In addition, checking the address of the interview and deciding the mode of transport to arrive at least half an hour earlier is needed.
3. It is a polite thing to do by writing to thank the interviewer for giving you the opportunity and also a final chance to recommend yourself by expressing your interest in working for the company. Besides, following up after the interview enables you to look back on the process to see what was done well and where improvements are still needed.
Activity 2：
1. “An interview is a two way street” means that not only can an interview allow the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position, but it also provides an opportunity for the applicant to learn more about the job and the company, and to discover whether this job is right for him or her.
2. The example is used to illustrate the statement “Asking questions not only gives you a better … bring up naturally” mentioned before. When a candidate says “Japanese was a minor subject …？”， he/she aims to know the development of the company, to tell the interviewer his/her strength that he/she knows Japanese and to express the willingness to work in Japan.
Activity 3：
1. The text is organized in chronological order. The whole passage can be divided into five sections: the introduction—before the interview—during the interview—after the interview—the conclusion. The text mainly focuses on how to succeed in job interviews, which walks us through the process of preparing for a job interview, what to do during the interview itself and how to follow up afterwards.
2. From my point of view, getting qualifications for the position is key to success in an interview, such as the required university diploma, personal qualities, even the working experience in related fields. When it comes to qualities, I hold the belief that personal qualities, such as honesty, kindness and diligence, are the most important. Personal qualities are of great value. Honesty indicates that you are the one who can be trusted even in an emergency. Kindness lays the solid foundation for interpersonal relationships. And diligence can not only make up for what is in shortage, but also get ourselves promoted.
Activity 4：
Ⅰ. 1. provide an opportunity for sb to do sth
2. make a good first impression　3. find the right conversational balance　4. justify yourself with relevant examples　5. be specific about …　6. make constant eye contact　7. give you a better picture of …　8. follow up　9. express your interest in …　10. look back on …
Ⅱ. 1. duration　2. delayed　3. seized　4. prior
5. relevant　6. conveys　7. firmly
8. rude　9. justifies　10. Genuine
Ⅲ. 1. helpful　2. where　3. prepared　4. on　5. is recommended　6. adjustment(s)
7. inferred　8. whether　9. naturally
10. to follow
Period 6　Extended reading(2) & Project
Activity 1：
The text is mainly about tips for job interviews, which focuses on how to succeed in job interviews.
From the text, we may learn how to prepare ourselves for a job interview, what to do during the interview itself and how to follow up afterwards.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 略
Ⅱ. 1—5 CEABG　6—10 IJDFH
Ⅲ. 1. candidates　2. applicants　3. criteria
4. inferred　5. delayed　6. temporary
7. genuinely　8. justified　9. corporate
10. refreshed
Ⅳ. 1. [Paraphrase] Chances are that you've never been a candidate for a particular job before, but my advice will work to your advantage and make you stand out when you are seeking a job.
[Imitation] The odds are that he may lose, but his efforts and determination will help him gain the upper hand.
2. [Paraphrase] An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, and it allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to find out whether he or she is the right person for the position.
[Imitation] Teamwork is a cooperative activity, where each member should know what he or she needs to do.
3. [Paraphrase] When you've made some research into the company and the position, make a list of possible questions to be asked during the interview and think about the best answers.
[Imitation] Once you decide to give up, you should seek other chances that enable you to get the scholarship.
4. [Paraphrase] Check the address of the interview, decide on the mode of transport and arrange more time in case of traffic delays.
[Imitation] Comb through the documents, write down the details and work out the reasons for the failure in negotiation.
5. [Paraphrase] When you are answering the questions, try to find a balance in your conversation, in which you need to give all the needed information to make yourself well understood, but avoid talking too much.
[Imitation] When walking the dog, keep the environment clean by taking along a small garbage bag.
6. [Paraphrase] Positive body language indicates that you are confident and relaxed.
[Imitation] He relaxed and fell asleep in the knowledge that his parents were accompanying him.
7. [Paraphrase] Yawning, looking around and crossing your arms are negative body language and should be avoided because it gives others an impression that you are bored, anxious or defensive.
[Imitation] Some bad habits, such as talking or eating in the class, are to be avoided because they imply that you are not focused.
8. [Paraphrase] It is also important that you should think back to the process in order to know your performance in the interview.
[Imitation] It's vital to look back on the process of your learning to find out what you have overlooked.
Activity 3：略
Activity 4：
Ⅰ. 1. temporarily　2. photography
3. collection　4. productivity　5. informed　6. were overcome　7. had had　8. stressful
9. While/Though/Although　10. Industrial
Ⅱ. 1. set off for　2. which will provide an opportunity for you　3. look refreshed
4. Listing your strengths; are suitable for　5. give you a better picture of　6. are put under pressure

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