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(共39张PPT)
The Passive voice
复杂多变的动词之动词的语态
1.The players’ personalities___________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent. (2025 高考全国卷I)
2. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion（建筑物）, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___________(build) at the garden.(2024 高考全国卷II)
3.The GPNP ___________(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems(2022 高考全国卷I)
are revealed
is designed
was built
高考链接--语法填空
4.The artist was sure he would _________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
（2020高考全国卷III）
5.Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon____________(construct)．
(2020 全国卷Ⅰ)
be chosen
is constructed
情态动词+be done
1.什么是被动语态？
2.为什么要用被动语态？
3.被动语态的基本形式。
4.不同时态的被动语态形式。
5.被动语态与写作。
6.被动语态的特殊用法
1. What’s passive voice
1. A monster caught our master.
谓语_______的动作是由主语______________发出的
2.Our master was caught by a monster.
主语________________ 是动词________的承受者。
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态( active voice）—主语是动作的___________
被动语态(passive voice)—主语是动作的___________
caught
A monster
Our master
caught
发出者
承受者
V
S
O
Active Voice主动
Passive Voice被动
O
be done
by s
定义：
被动语态:动作承受者做主语，强调动作被谁做/被做的状态，核心是“主语承受动作”，对应主动语态（主语发出动作）
2. 为什么要用被动语态
1.被动语态的用法
(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者。
—The window is dirty.
—I know.It hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.
——窗户脏了。
——我知道。好几周没擦了。
(2)需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。
All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.除了经理以外，所有的雇员都被鼓励在家网上办公。
Our master
A monster
caught
our master.
was caught
by a monster.
主语
谓语
宾语
答题锦囊:Step1. 找主谓宾。
Step2. 宾语变为主语，主语变为宾语
Step3. 谓语变be done，时态不变.
Step4. by +宾语。
（若不强调动词的执行者，by短语可以省略）
主语
宾语
谓语be done
主动语态
被动语态
3. 被动语态的构成：be +过去分词，口语中也用get/become 过去分词表示
1. BaJie asked the monster to free him. (改为被动语态)
The monster ____ ____ to free him ____ BaJie.
was asked
总结： 一般过去时的被动语态
was / were done
by
2. You must give Tang Monk the robe. (改为被动语态)
Tang Monk must ____ _______ the robe ____ you.
总结： 情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+ be done
be given
by
3. They have defeated many demons since they set off.(改为被动语态)
_______________________________since they set off.
总结：现在完成时被动语态
have/has been done
Many demons
them
have been defeated
by
4.不同时态的被动语态形式？
时态 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时
进行 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时
完成 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时
完成进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时 过去将来完成进行时
do
be doing
have/has done
have/has been doing
did
was/were doing
had done
had been doing
will do
will be doing
will have done
would do
am/is/are done
am/is/are being done
have/has been done
was/were done
was/were being done
had been done
will be done
will have been done
would be done
will be being done
have/has been being done
had been being done
(2022全国I) 假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1. 节目介绍；2. 访谈的时间和话题。
自Talk and Talk 节目创办以来，已经十年了。
was established
It’s ten years since Talk and Talk_____________(establish)
5. 被动语态与写作
高考链接--写作
was/were done
(2021全国I) 你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇短文投稿，
内容包括：1.读报的经历；2.喜爱的栏目；3.期望和祝福。
Two years ago, when I first read Youth, the column called The Anecdotes of Youngsters attracted me
I expect a promising future of Youth.
was attracted
is expected
Two years ago, when I first read Youth I _____________to the column called The Anecdotes of Youngsters.
②A promising the future of Youth____________(expect)
(2019全国I) 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封申请信做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事情。
Knowing that the local gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition, I am writing to apply for the position.
The local gallery will exhibit many great Chinese paintings.
Knowing that______________________________________ __________________，I am writing to apply for the position.
______________________________________________________
①the local gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition
a Chinese painting exhibition
will be held
the local gallery
by
②The local gallery will exhibit many great Chinese paintings.
Many great Chinese paintings
the local gallery
will be exhibited
by
Improvement in writing
写作提升
05
Notice
In order to have a better understanding of Chinese history, our school will show a movie from 2:30 to 5:30 in the afternoon on October 16th. We require you to write an article about your feelings after watching the movie. Here are some details about it.
To begin with, the film is named The Battle At Lake Changjin which is about the Korean War. As we can expect, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. What's more, every one of you will be welcome to take part in it.
a movie will be shown by
our school from 2:30 to 5:30 in the afternoon on October. 16th.
You are required to write an article
about your feelings after watching the movie.
Have a try！
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together,内容包括：
1.短片内容：学校的发展；
2.放映时间、地点；
3.欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.使用4-5句被动语态
Notice
To enrich our campus life and deepen our understanding of the school’s development, an English short film Growing Together will be shown to all students.
The film, which tells the story of our school’s growth over the years, has been carefully produced by the school’s English department. It will be screened in the school lecture hall at 4 p.m. this Friday. All students are welcome to attend, and seats will be arranged on a first-come, first-served basis.
After watching the film, your opinions and suggestions are highly valued. They can be submitted to the Student Union office or sent to our email box by next Monday. The feedback will be carefully collected and analyzed to help improve future activities.
We hope the film will be enjoyed by everyone, and we look forward to your active participation!
1. will be shown to 用法：强调“短片被放映”这个动作的承受者（short film），动作执行者（学生会/校方）无需点明，符合通知简洁、聚焦核心信息的特点。
2. The film... has been carefully produced by the school’s English department.
结构：has been + produced（现在完成时被动）
用法：用现在完成时强调“短片制作完成”的结果，by短语明确动作执 行者（英语教研组），既符合“被动”要求，又补充关键背景。
考点：现在完成时被动侧重“动作已完成且与现在有关”，常和by短语搭配说明执行者。
3. It will be screened in the school lecture hall at 4 p.m. this Friday.
结构：will be + screened（一般将来时被动）
用法：重复使用将来时被动，保持通知语态统一
4. ...seats will be arranged on a first-come, first-served basis.
结构：will be + arranged（一般将来时被动）
用法：强调“座位被安排”的规则，不提及“谁安排”，符合通知客观、正式的语气，同时丰富被动语态的主语类型（从film切换到seats）。
5. The feedback will be carefully collected and analyzed to help improve future activities.
结构：will be + collected and analyzed（一般将来时被动，并列过去分词）
用法：用“被动+并列动词”简化句子，避免重复“will be”，同时强调“反馈被收集、被分析”的后续处理流程，逻辑更紧凑。
特殊用法说明
06
(3)某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have有；cost花费；lack 缺少；suit 适合；belong to 属于；suffer from 遭受；date from/back to 追溯到；consist of 由……组成；take part in参加。
I bought a book from Xinhua bookshop，which cost 15 yuan.
我从新华书店买了一本书，花了15元。
She is experimenting with different typewriters to see which one suits her best.
她正在试验不同的打印机，看哪一种最适合她。
Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
狮子和老虎属于猫科。
关于被动语态的特殊用法
(4)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；run out用完。
An accident happened on the road last night and five people were killed.
昨晚这条路上发生了一起意外事故，五个人遇难。
A big fire broke out in the area last week.
上周那个地区发生了一场大火。
(5)“get＋过去分词”也可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。
The patient got treated once a week.
那位病人一周接受一次治疗。
An accident ____________ (happen) on this road last week.
The house ____________ (belong) to my grandfather.
happened
belongs
无被动：
happen, take place, break out, occur, belong to, consist of…
语态特殊用法1：
3. The driver is to blame for the accident. 理解
4. The room needs/wants/requires ________(clean) 5. The city is well worth ________(visit).
语态特殊用法2：
1. The flower ________ (smell) good.
2. The pen _____ (write) well.
smells
writes
cleaning
= to be cleaned
visiting
②write, sell, wash, cook…(与副词well/badly/ easily连用，表主语的内在品质或性能时)
主动表被动：
①feel, look, taste, sound, smell(感官v.)…
③ be to blame 应受到责备
④ sth need/want/require + doing/to be done sth需要被…
⑤ be worth doing 值得做…
2.主动形式表示被动意义的结构
(1)表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常与well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。
The sign reads as follows.告示如下。
The shirt doesn’t wash well.
这件衬衫不好洗。
Her new book is very interesting and sells well.她的新书很有趣并且卖得很好。
(2)系动词如smell，taste，feel，look，sound，prove等后接形容词作表语。
Junk food tastes delicious but it doesn’t contain enough nutrition.
垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足。
Your idea sounds wonderful but it isn’t practical.你的想法听起来很棒但不切实际。
(3)open，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t，can’t，wouldn’t 连用。
No matter what he did to the door，it wouldn’t open.不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。
(4)在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词或worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired.
这所房子需要修理。
The film is really worth seeing.
这部电影的确值得一看。
(5)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。常见的形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
The problem is difficult to work out.(可看作to work out前省略了for me)
这道题很难计算。
Do you think the water is safe to drink
你认为这水喝着安全吗？
(6)be to blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake
这个错误应该归咎于谁？
对点练习
1.The city (recognize) as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century，home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.
2.My washing machine (repair) this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
3.Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，____________
(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
4.We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is (blame) for their son’s bad performance at school.
has been recognized
is being repaired
is regarded
to blame
被动语态用法总结
确定语态有两看：
(1)看时态 + 被动（看标志词by）
(2)看时态 + 被动（看句义）
1. The classroom is so dirty, so we are required to clean it.
2. The hero was killed when he tried to save the girl.
The classroom was cleaned by students yesterday.
2. The car has been cleaned by him already.
3. Our school is being decorated by workers now.
v.
谓语
非谓语
时态
语态
主谓一致
时态、语态解题思路
(1)看时间状语（标志词）。
(2)看固定句式。
(3)看上下文时态(一致) 。
(1)时态+语态(by)/ 时态+语态(句义)
(2) 无被动的词/短语
(3) 主动表被动
时态语态与高考
语法填空
必考时态:
可能考语态:
一般现在时或一般过去时或现在完成时的被动语态
一般过去时
一般过去时
现在完成时
方法:
先判断
谓语/ 非谓语
谓语
时态、语态、语气 (陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致
再考虑:
写作
在写作中适当运用被动语态，可使句子多样化，甚至更加自然生动。
1．(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done (do) with such a beautiful place
2．(2024·浙江1月卷)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered (offer) in smaller packs.
3．(2024·湖南湘东十校高三联考)The global average temperature rise is expected (expect) to reach 1.5℃ within the next few decades. Many animal and plant species are struggling to adapt to the rapidly changing climate.
4．(2025·湖北新高考协作体期末)During the Warring States Period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled (trouble) by annual flooding.
be done
be offered
is expected
were troubled
单句语法填空
5．(2025·河南郑州质检)In Tengzhou, Zaozhuang, the birthplace of Lu Ban, this ancient craft has been passed (pass) down over the centuries.
6．(2025·重庆一联)Walking into the Beijing-based studio of Belgian designer Jehanne, one will be drawn (draw) to the robes(长袍) decorated with beautiful handwritten English words.
has been passed
be drawn
Thank you for your listening

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