资源简介

(共48张PPT)
Unit 1
Science and Scientists
Words and Expressions
人教版2019选择性必修第二册
severe [s 'v (r)] adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的; 严厉的
be severe on/with 对……严厉
be severe with oneself 严于律己
注意："be severe on"强调对人的态度或要求，如老师对学生的管理；"be severe with"侧重自我约束或批评，如对自己的要求。
severely adv.严重地; 严厉地; 严格地
总结
趁热打铁
I think you are too severe on the boy.（我认为你对那个男孩太严厉了。）
The professor is severe with his students, demanding high standards.（教授对学生的要求很严格。）
We must be severe with ourselves to achieve our goals.
（我们必须严于律己才能实现目标。）
He is severe with his work, always aiming for perfection.
（他对工作要求严格，力求完美。）
severe [s 'v (r)] adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的; 严厉的
- severe weather 恶劣的天气
- severe impact 严重影响
- a a severe disease重病
- a severe crisis严重的危机
- severe losses 严重损失
-severe punishment受到严厉处罚
- severe dehydration 严重脱水
dehydration [ di ha 'dre n] n. 脱水
死于严重脱水 die from severe dehydration
dehydrate vt. 使脱水，使干燥; vi.（人体的）脱水，失水
趁热打铁
The hikers died from severe dehydration after being stranded in the desert for three days without water.
徒步者因在沙漠中三天未饮水而死于严重脱水。
frustrated [fr stre t d] adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
feel/be frustrated at/with... 对……感到沮丧/懊恼
frustrate vt. 挫败；阻止；使沮丧
frustration n. 挫折
frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的
趁热打铁
She felt frustrated with the unfair treatment in the exam.
她对考试中的不公平待遇感到沮丧
He felt frustrated at being constantly interrupted during his work.（他因工作中不断被打断而感到懊恼
总结
contradictory [ k ntr 'd kt ri] adj. 相互矛盾的; 对立的
be contradictory to… 与……矛盾、相反
in contradiction to…与……矛盾、相反
contradict v. 反驳; 与……相矛盾
contradiction n. 抵触; 矛盾; 矛盾的说法
His claim that he never lied is contradictory to the evidence presented."
他声称从未说谎，这与证据相矛盾
总结
infection [ n'fek n] n. 感染;传染
be infected with/by 感染上……, 传染上……
infect v. 传染; 使感染, 使感染(某种感情); 影响
infectious adj. 传染性的
infected adj. 感染的
She was infected with the flu during the trip.
她在旅行中感染了流感
cross infection 交叉感染；交叉传染
infection rate 感染率；侵染率；感染的速率
respiratory infection 呼吸道感染
source of an infection 感染源
趁热打铁
infection [ n'fek n] n. 感染;传染
subscribe [s b skra b] vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
subscribe to　同意，赞同；订购；订阅；捐助
subscriber n. 订阅人；定期捐款者；消费者
subscription n. 订阅；订阅费；定期捐款
1.The library subscribes to 50 journals each year.（该图书馆每年订阅50种期刊。）
2.We subscribe to The New York Times for regular updates.（我们定期订阅《纽约时报》。
3. I heartily subscribe to the idea of reducing carbon emissions.（我衷心支持减少碳排放的想法。.
multiple ['m lt pl] adj. 数量多的; 多种多样的
multi- 前缀 “多种”：
multilingual a. 多种语言的
multidirectional a. 多方向的
multimedia 多媒体/多媒体的
multinational 多国的
multiply v.大大增加/倍增；乘；繁殖
household ['ha sh ld] n.一家人;家庭 adj.家用的;家喻户晓的
household expenses / products 家庭开支/家用产品
household/domestic chores家务活
Householdwaste 家庭垃圾
household appliances家用电器
Household waste can be roughly divided into food waste.
家庭垃圾大致可以分为厨余垃圾。
suspect [s spekt] v. 疑有, 怀疑; [ s spekt] n.嫌疑犯; 嫌疑分子; 可疑对象
suspect that... 怀疑/认为……(尤指坏事可能属实或发生)
suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……
suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
suspicion n.怀疑
suspicious adj. 怀疑的；不信任的 = doubtful/skeptical / sceptical
suspect [s spekt] v. 疑有, 怀疑 n.嫌疑犯; 嫌疑分子; 可疑对象
The police suspect the man of stealing the jewelry, but they need more evidence to arrest him.
警方怀疑这名男子偷了珠宝，但需要更多证据才能逮捕他。
I suspect she didn’t tell us the whole truth about the incident.
我怀疑她未向我们透露事件的完整真相。
4. Scientists suspect that climate change is accelerating due to human activities.
科学家怀疑人类活动正在加速气候变化。
blame [ble m] vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.责备；指责
(1) be to blame (for sth.) 该(为……)受责备；应该(为……)负责
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事责备某人
be blamed for 因……受谴责/责备
(2) accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任
lay/put the blame on 把责任归咎于……
blame [ble m] vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.责备；指责
My mom blamed me for forgetting to feed the hamster.
妈妈怪我忘了喂仓鼠
The driver blamed the broken vase on the cat.
司机把打碎的花瓶怪到猫头上
The noisy wheel is to blame for my sleepless night.
跑轮噪音害我失眠
If the project fails, I will take the blame.
若项目失败，我会担责
handle [ h ndl] n. 把手; 拉手; 柄 v. 处理; 搬动; 操纵
get / have a handle on 弄懂，理解，搞明白
处理= solve/tackle/do with/deal with/cope with/ address / process / approach/dispose of /attend to
说明 ：
"get on with"可表示"处理、进展"（如事务、问题），也可表示"相处、进展"（如人际关系）；
"have a handle on"强调"掌控、理解"，多用于抽象或具体事务的掌控。
I need to get a handle on this project before the deadline.“我需要在截止日期前掌控好这个项目
She has a handle on how to motivate her team effectively."她懂得如何有效激励团队。
How do you handle conflicts with your boss？
你如何处理与老板的矛盾？
I know I should get a grip and get on with it."（我知道我得努力控制，继续坚持下去
Let's get on with these dishes and finish cleaning."让我们开始洗碗并完成清洁
How did you get on at the interview？你面试的情况怎么样？）
intervention [ nt 'ven n] n.介入; 出面; 干涉
armed / military intervention 武装/军事干涉
intervene in 干预,干涉
intervene v.干预/涉；调解
The government decided to intervene in the labor dispute to ensure fair treatment for both parties.
政府决定介入劳资纠纷，确保双方公平对待
The fire department had to intervene in the building to rescue the trapped occupants.
消防部门不得不介入大楼救援被困人员
link [l k] n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把…连接起来；相关联
(1) a link between...(and...) ……(和……)之间的连接(联系)
(2) link A to/with B 将A与B联系/连接起来
link up (with sb./sth.) (与某人/某物)连接，结合
be linked to/with... 与……有联系/有关
The link between air pollution and health issues has been widely studied.
The link between the book and the author's life story is fascinating.
The link between the company's profits and market trends needs analysis.
The theory links economic growth to social stability.
该理论将经济增长与社会稳定联系起来。
The two countries linked up with a joint statement on climate change.
两国联合发表了一份关于气候变化的声明。
link [l k] n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把…连接起来；相关联
decrease [d 'kri s] v.减少; 减小; 降低; ['di kri s]n.减少; 降低: 减少量
decrease to... 减少到……
decrease by...减少了……
decrease from...to... 从……减少到……
increase v. 增加 = rise / go up / grow / surge / skyrocket/boom/swell
1The population decreased to 1 million last year.去年人口减少到100万
2. The number of students in the class decreased by 15% last year.（去年班级学生人数减少了15%
transform [tr ns f m] vi.&vt. 改变，转变；使改变
transform A into B 把A变成B
transform into 转变成；转化成；改造为
be transformed from A into B 由A变成B
transformation n. 改变、转化(不可数); 具体变化(可数)
transformable adj. 可变形的；可变化的
transformer n. 促使改变的人或物；变压器
The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses.
光化学反应使光变为电脉冲
The challenge is to transform this knowledge into action.将知识转化为实践
thinking [ θ k ] n. 思想; 思维; 见解
comes up with new thoughts 提出新的想法
on second thoughts经重新斟酌
at the thought of 一想到……
critical thinking 批判性思维
with no thought for 不顾
in thought沉思
thought of/about/on 关于
thought n. 思想；关心；想法；思考
initial [ 'n l] adj.最初的; 开始的;第一的
at / in the initial stages of something 在某事物的初始阶段
the initial letter of a word 单词的首字母
My initial reaction was to decline the offer.
我最初的反应是要婉言谢绝这个提议.
The initial letter "A" on her necklace is a family heirloom
The business quickly repaid the initial outlay on advertising.
这家公司很快偿付了初期的广告费.
initially adv.开始; 最初
initiative n. 倡议; 新方案
vaccine ['v ksi n] n. 疫苗
接种新冠疫苗get/receive a Covid-19 vaccine
vaccinate v. 给……接种疫苗
Vaccines introduce a dead or weakened form of the virus, teaching the immune system to recognize and fight it without causing illness." 疫苗通过模拟感染激活免疫反应，既保护个体又减少疾病传播
solid ['s l d] adj.可靠的,固体的,坚实的 n. 固体
solid evidence确凿证据
a solid foundation 坚实的基础
solid ground坚实的地面，坚实的基础
liquid : adj.液体的, 液态的 n.液体
gas 气体
The table is made of solid wood and can support heavy loads.
桌子由实心木头制成，可承重
Water turns into solid ice when it freezes.
水结冰后成固态
cast [kɑ st] v.投掷;投射(光/影子);向……投以(视线/笑容)
cast a glimpse/ɡl mps/ of 一瞥
cast eyes on 注视
cast doubt on 质疑;引起对……的怀疑
cast a shadow over 给……投下阴影
cast/run an eye/one’s eyes over sth. 用眼光瞥(或扫)；匆匆查看；粗略地看一看
cast/shed/throw light on 使(问题等)较容易理解,阐;使人了解
be cast down (by sth.) (因某事)沮丧，不愉快
cast [kɑ st] v.投掷;投射(光/影子);向……投以(视线/笑容)
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The dark cloud cast a negative shadow over the city..
2. The director is casting for the new movie.
3. The site where Zhang Xianzhong cast lumps（块）of pure silver is being dug. ________
4. Citizens will cast their votes in the election tomorrow
投射（视线）
挑选演员
扔
投票
shadow [' d ] n. 影子；阴影/阴暗处；黑眼圈 v.投阴影于……
cast a shadow on... 在某处投下/留下影子; 给...蒙上阴影
shadow play 皮影戏
shadows under sb.’s eyes 某人的黑眼圈
in/under the shadow of被...的光彩所掩盖
without a shadow of doubt 毫无疑问
shadow [' d ] n. 影子；阴影/阴暗处；黑眼圈 v.投阴影于……
The scandal cast a shadow over his career.
丑闻给他的职业生涯蒙上了阴影
The tree cast its shadow on the wall.
树影映在墙上
She accepted the offer without a shadow of doubt.
她毫不犹豫地接受了邀请
pour [p (r)] v.倒出; 倾泻; 斟(饮料)
pour out 倒出；倾吐/诉说(思想/感情/经历)
pour (sth) down 流下；(雨)倾盆而下；把某物向下倒/灌
pour into/in 涌进
流泪：
tears pour/ roll/run/ stream/ flow down one’s cheek
pour [p (r)] v.倒出; 倾泻; 斟(饮料)
She poured out her worries to the doctor. 她向医生倾诉了自己的忧虑
It’s pouring down. 雨下得很大
Tears poured down her face as she listened to the news.
He poured the sauce down the side of the glass to keep it layered.
We had to pour the leftover milk down the drain.
patriotic [ pe tri' t k] adj. 爱国的
patriotism n. 爱国主义；爱国精神
patriot n.爱国者
The Duanwu Festival is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan
端午节是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原
He was highly praised for his patriotic actions during the crisis."
他因危机中的爱国行为受到高度赞扬。
During World War I, vegetarianism was even seen as patriotic."
一战期间，素食主义甚至被视为爱国行为。
break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
break down关系破裂；出故障；分解；精神崩溃
break in破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into强行闯入;突然……起来
break away from脱离;挣脱
break up打碎;分裂;解体
break through突破, 冲破；取得成就
take a break 休息一下
break-broke-broken
defend [d 'fend] v.保卫; 防守; 辩解
defend...from/against保护…免受;防御(避免混淆"defend against"与"defend from"的搭配对象，前者多接抽象威胁，后者多接具体伤害)
defend oneself为自己辩护;自卫
in defence of为了保卫;为……辩护
defence n.防御;保卫
defensive adj.防御的，戒备的；防守的；百般辩解的
The company's strategy is to defend against market competition by innovating constantly.
公司通过持续创新来抵御市场竞争
The Minister in defence of his policy pointed to the sharp decrease in road deaths.
部长在为自己的政策辩护时指出，交通死亡事故已经锐减
assistant [ 's st nt] n.助理; 助手
(1)assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)come to one's assistance 援助某人
be of assistance to sb. 有助于某人
with the assistance/help of 在……的帮助下
assistance n.帮助，援助
assist v.帮助
The nurse assisted the doctor with the emergency surgery.
护士协助医生进行急诊手术
She assisted her brother to finish his homework.
她帮助弟弟完成作业。
The new employee assisted the manager in organizing the company's annual party.
新员工协助经理组织年会。
assistant [ 's st nt] n.助理; 助手
in charge of 主管；掌管（表主动）
(1) take charge of 掌管/负责……
in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
(2) charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
in charge of多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of 多以物作主语,指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有:in possession of,in the possession of;in control of,in the control of。
charge v. 收费；要价；控告；充电
The manager is in charge of the project.经理负责该项目。
She took charge of the children while her parents were away.父母外出时，她负责照顾孩子
The restaurant charged 20 for the meal.餐厅餐费20英镑
There is an additional charge for late delivery.加收逾期配送费
He was charged with theft.他被指控盗窃。
The court will decide on the charges against him.法院将裁定对他的指控
in charge of 主管；掌管（表主动）
leadership [ li d p] n.领导地位；领导才能
under sb.’s leadership = under the leadership of sb. 在某人的领导下
lead a ...life 过着...生活
lead the way 带路
lead to 导致；造成；通向
leader n.领袖；领导者
lead v.带路；领导/带领 n. 铅
leading adj. 领导的；主要的
Under the leadership of the student union, various cultural and sports activities were carried out smoothly last year.
在校学生会的领导下，去年各类文体活动顺利开展
I've always wanted to lead a moral, useful, and active life.
我一直想过一种合乎道德、有益且积极的生活
leadership [ li d p] n.领导地位；领导才能
gifted [ g ft d] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
=talented
be gifted in ...　 在……方面有天赋　
be gifted with... 天生具备……
have a gift/talent for... 有……的天赋
show a talent for 显示出…天赋
gift n.礼物;天赋
1.He is gifted in writing music. 他在创作音乐上有天赋
2.Others will have this feeling only in a slight degree, but they will be gifted with an uncommon memory and a great power of attention.
有些人会产生少许这类感觉，但他们天生拥有与众不同的记忆力和注意力。
3.She has a gift for music and can play multiple instruments effortlessly.她有音乐天赋，能轻松演奏多种乐器。
gifted [ g ft d] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
come down 患(病)；染上(小病)
come up with 提及；讨论；想出
come down 下来；降落
come about 发生
come to 总共，合计；苏醒
come across 偶然遇见，碰见；发现
come out (太阳等天体)出现；开花；出版，发行；为人所知
come into being 形成，产生
fault [f lt] n.[U]责任；过失；过错 [C] 缺点；缺陷；故障
be one’s fault 是某人的过错
be at fault 有过错；有责任
find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病
faultless adj 无错误的；完美无缺的 (perfect)
faulty adj 有错误的；有缺陷的=imperfect
1. He always finds fault with his team's performance, even when they meet deadlines."他总是挑剔团队的表现，即使他们按时完成任务
2. Three supervisory air force officials at Dover were found to be at fault .
Unit 1
Thank You !
Words and Expressions
新人教选择性必修二

展开更多......

收起↑