资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Subject Clause
主语从句
句子
类型
简单句
并列句
复合句
主句
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
名词性从句
副词性从句(状语从句)
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
从句
Definition and types:
01
concept
02
conectors
03
rules
04
practice makes perfect
CONTENT
01
concept
概念
5. To find your way can be a problem.
4. Smoking is bad for you.
1. Jane works hard.
2. You are a student.
3. The old should be respected.
What’s the subject （什么是主语？）
6. What she said is not yet known.
结论： 主语是句子说明的人或事物，一般放在______。
一个句子来充当_______叫主语从句。
句首
主语
1. That Yuan love his career is sure to us.
2. Whether it was possible to develop a hybrid plant was a matter of great debate.
3. What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests.
4. Who will go makes no difference.
5. Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.
6. How this could be done was a challenging question at that time.
找出下面句子中的主语从句
思考：主语从句连接词有哪些？有什么功能？
Tip：主语从句如何划全？ 由引导词 划到下一个谓语动词出现为止
02
Conectors
连接词
类别 例词 说明
从属连词 that, whether/if 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。
连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever… 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
连接副词 when, where, how, why… 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
从属
连词
that _____成分，___意义，____省略。
whether_____成分，__意义，译为_____。
从属连词引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分。
不做
是否
无
不能
不做
有
1. 从属连词： that、whether / if
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.
=It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
whether/if 有意义，译为“是否”，不可省略：
Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter.
＝It doesn’t matter whether/if he will come or not.
（他来或不来关系不大。）
whether可置于句首和句中；if不可置于句首。
可用it作形式主语，if引导的从句后置作真正主语。
【即时演练】
It doesn’t matter _________ he will come or not.
________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
____ my brother won the match made my parents surprised.
补全句子：
_________________________ made us very happy.
她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
________________________ doesn’t matter too much.
她来不来都没关系。
whether / if
Whether
That
That she could come to help us
Whether she is coming or not
Who will go makes no difference.
What we need is more time.
What makes me angry is her attitude.
Which book I shall choose hasn't been decided.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
who在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 ___。
what在主语从句中充当 __________, 译为 ____。
which在主语从句中充当 _______, 译为 _______。
whoever在主语从句中充当 _______, 译为 _______。
2. 连接代词: who(ever)、whom(ever)、what(ever)、which(ever)、whose
主语或宾语
什么
主语
谁
主语
无论谁
定语
哪一个
连接
代词
Whatever my mother cooks is tasty.
Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
Who will attend the meeting has not been decided.
whoever, whatever, whichever在意义上更为强调，常译为“无论…”；
whoever=anyone who whatever=angthing what
whoever引导的主语从句指“人”，
而who引导的主语从句表示一件“事情”。
1. _____ will be sent to attend the meeting has not been decided.
2. ________ comes to my class will be welcome.
3. __________ you invite is welcome.
4. ________ made the parents proud was ______ their son had been admitted to a key university.
5. 他说的话使我气愤。
______________ made me angry.
Who
Whoever
Whomever
【即时演练】
What he said
What
that
When we will leave hasn’t been decided.
Where the meeting will be held is not known.
Why he cries is not clear.
How she keeps healthy is a secret.
when在主语从句中充当 _________, 译为 ________。
where在主语从句中充当 _________, 译为 ______。
why在主语从句中充当 _________, 译为 _______。
how在主语从句中充当 _________, 译为 _______。
3. 连接副词：when、where、how、why
连接
副词
时间状语
什么时候
地点状语
哪里
原因状语
为什么
方式状语
怎样
1. ______ he will be back depends on the weather.
2. Nobody can explain _____ he suddenly cried.
3. _____ he got the important information from the company was a mystery.
4. 一个人怎么死的不太重要，但更重要的是他是如何活着的。
It matters little _______________, but _______________ is how he lives.
When
why
【即时演练】
how a person dies
what matters most
How
从属 连词
连接 代词
连接 副词
what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever
that, whether / if,
when, where, how, why
(充当从句的状语，表时间、地点、方式或原因)
(充当从句的主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语）
（不充当从句的任何成分, 只起连接作用）
主语从句的连接词
Revision
无意义
是否
03
Rules
规则
探寻规律1： 主语从句 主谓一致 问题
1. Whether the patient will be taken ____(be) unknown.
2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ unknown.
3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have
a rest ______ unknown.
4. What he wants most ____ staying with his family.
What they need _____ masks(口罩).
主句的谓语动词，大多数使用______ (单数？复数？)
由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用_____ (单数？复数？)
主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用______ (单数？复数？)
what在主从中做宾语时，谓动由______决定单复数 (主语？表语？)
单数
单数
复数
表语
is
is
are
is
are
1. Where we will have a picnic should be discussed.
Where will we have a picnic should be discussed.
2. How we go for a picnic should be discussed.
How do we go for a picnic should be discussed.
Rule 3
√
√
×
×
探寻规律2： 主语从句的语序
主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
That all countries work together is important.
用一个 It 来解决问题！
It is important that all countries work together.
探寻规律3： 主语从句太长怎么办？
主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做________，而把从句放在后面充当__________。
真正的主语
形式主语
形容词
clear, obvious, likely, probable, true…
例：1. It is not clear whether he told a lie.
此句型中的形容词是important, necessary, essential, vital等时，从句应使用虚拟语气
例：It is important that we (should) learn English well.
　
It is essential that…　　　
It is obvious that…　　
　
重要的是……
很明显……
1) It + be +形容词+ that-从句
名词
a pity，an honor，a good idea，a fact, a/no surprise，no wonder......
例：It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film.
不足为奇，难怪...
很荣幸……
遗憾的是……
It is no wonder that……
It is an honor that…
It is a pity that…
2) It + be +名词+ that-从句
said, reported, believed, thought, announced…
过去分词
例：1. It is said that they are identical twins.
若过去分词是suggested, ordered, required, advised, requested等表示建议、要求、命令等词时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。
例：It is suggested that students (should) make their bed by themselves.
It is believed that…　　　　　
It is estimated that…　　　
It is widely acknowledged that…　　
人们相信……
据估计……
普遍认为……
3) It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
seem, happen, appear, look, occur, turn out …
不及物动词
例：It happened that they were out that day.
碰巧那天他们不在家。
It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来要下雨了。
It appears/seems/looks that…　　　　
It happens that…　　　　
It occurred to me that …
It turns out that....　　
似乎…
碰巧…
我突然想起…
4) It +特殊动词+ that-分句
证明是, 结果是…
1. _________________(可能) she will come back tomorrow.
2. _________________(很明显) this measure is effective.
3. _______________(很遗憾) we lost the match.
4. _______________(这是事实) he cheated in the exam.
5. ___________________(据报道) 20 people were killed in the accident.
6. __________________(建议) we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.
7. _________________(碰巧) I came into the office at that time.
8. _____________________(我突然想起) I forget to send the letter.
It is possible that
It is obvious that
It is a pity that
It is a fact that
It is reported that
It is suggested that
It happened that
It occurred to me that
【即时演练】
定 义
主语从句
引导词
形式主语
主谓一致
总 结
作用，位置
从属连词，连接代词，连接副词
单个主语从句-单数
多个主语从句-复数
It＋be＋形容词/名词短语/过去分词/不及物动词＋ that从句
语序
陈述语序
“缺什么补什么”原则
缺主语，指人用____，指物用_____
缺宾语，指人用___________，指物用____
缺时间状语用______；
地点状语用______；
原因状语用_____；
方式状语用_____；
定语用___________；
什么都不缺用_____,缺“是否”用_________。
who
what
who/whom
what
when
where
why
how
which/whose
主语从句的连接词怎么选？
that
whether/if
04
Practice makes perfect
1. What have I forgotten is that I have a test today.
2. Who left me these flowers are not clear to me.
3. This is obvious that students should prepare well for their future.
4. Who’s ticket this is has not been confirmed.
5. When the test will be given have not been decided.
I have
is
It
Whose
has
【即时演练】Circle and correct the mistake in each sentence.
1. It is uncertain ________ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.
2. _____________ the party will be held hasn’t been announced.
3. Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
4. ____ is known to us all that America is a developed country.
5. ______ is known to us all is that China is a developing country.
whether
When/Where
It
whoever
What
(1) ______ really matters is ______ we haven’t got his address or telephone number.
(2) ______ she was invited to the ball made her happy.
(3) The village is no longer ______ it used to be.
What
that
That
what
★注：连词that在名词性从句中只起______作用，没有意义。不充当__________; 但不能省略。
而what在名词性从句______________________.
连接
任何成分
充当主语, 宾语或表语
易错点： what & that 引导主语从句
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