资源简介

(共39张PPT)
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Time to
Time to
Relax
Relax
Unit 1
Section A How do you spend your free time
第三课时 4a-4c
1. Learning goals
Learn new words and phrases: get into, give it a go, kung fu, push, myself, once in a while, chat, outing, go on a outing.
01
Use infinitives to show purpose or provide more information about a sentence’s object.
02
2.Warming up
How did you spend your weekend
I went to the gym to swim.
I watched a film to relax.
What is the function of the infinitive in bold
2.Warming up
What are you going to do next weekend
I plan to have a picnic at the park.
I decide to clean my room.
What is the function of the infinitive in bold
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。本单元重点讲动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语。
3. Grammar
动词不定式作目的状语
2.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时可放在句首，一一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可放在句尾。
1.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时，通常意为“为了……”，用于说明动作的目的或意图。
动词不定式作目的状语
To get there on time, they started early. =They started early to get there on time.
为了准时赶到那儿，他们很早就出发了。
【特别提醒】
表示目的也可用in order to和so as to，但so as to通常不位于句首。
He reads every day in order to/so as to improve writing skills.
为了提高写作技能，他每天阅读。
典例1 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
The children did a lot of research in the lab
(finish) the science project.
to finish
动词不定式作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。
1. 用于“命令、要求、允许 ”类动词后，如 ask、tell、order、require、 allow、permit。
Sam asked me to help him. 萨姆让我帮助他。
The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river. 老师总是叮嘱我们不要在河里游泳。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
2. 用于“ 希望、期望 ”类动词后，
如：want、wish、expect、would like。
Parents want their children to grow up healthily.
父母希望孩子健康成长。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
3. 用于使役动词（如 make、have、let等）和感官动词（ 如 see、watch、 notice、hear、listen to、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略 to。
Did you notice her leave the house
你注意到她离开屋子了吗
I saw her get into the car.
我看见她上了车。
His parents let him sweep the floor.
他父母让他扫地。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
【特别提醒】
动词不定式（短语）在 help 后作宾语补足语时，可带 to也可不带to。
The teachers often help us (to) solve problems.
老师经常帮助我们解决难题。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
4. 用于其他动词后，如 teach、warn、invite、encourage等。
典例2 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us (laugh) .
laugh
Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold
functions as an object complement or adverbial.
4a
What do you do in your free time
How did you spend your weekend
How did you get into painting
What did your instructor say
adverbial
adverbial
object complement
I play the flute to relax.
I went to the sports centre to ice skate.
I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go.
She told me not to give up so easily.
object complement
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4b
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me (decide) to try skiing.
B: You’re welcome. Try ( forget) your fears and have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me (fly) kites with her when it’s windy.
B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you (fly) kites
sometime.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies (relax) .
B: Really when I want ( relax) , I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me ( not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it’s important ( not forget) to relax once in a while.
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors
4c
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _______ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ________
after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes _______ at home and ______ movies, _______to music, and _______ with friends online.
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
to play
not to come
to stay
watch
chat
listen
Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us __________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us _____ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
do
to spend
1. —What should I do, doctor
— ________ healthy, you should take more exercise.
A. To keep B. Keeps C. Keeping D. Kept
解析：考查to do不定式作目的状语。此处是说为了保持健康，你应该多做运动，故选A。
A
4. Exercises
2. My mother expected me ________ a key school after graduation from the junior school.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
解析：考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。expect sb. to do sth.意为“期待某人做某事”，故选A。
A
3. My parents advised me ________ part in a volunteering activity to help others in need.
A. take B. to take C. took D. taking
解析：考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故选B。
B
4. You should do what you can ________ your reading speed.
A. increase B. increasing C. to increase D. increase
解析：考查to do不定式作目的状语。此处是说尽自己所能的目的是为了提高阅读速度。故选C。
C
5. language points
get into 开始做某事；进入
It’s never too late to get into a new sport. 开始一项新的运动 永远不嫌晚。
My brother got into Chinese chess last year. 我哥哥去年开始对中国象棋产生兴趣。
It’s hard to get into a crowded subway during rush hour. 高峰时段很难挤进拥挤的地铁。
(1) How did you get into painting 你是怎么开始画画的
(教材P5 4a)
get into 还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯) ”。
Nobody wants to get into trouble. 没有人想惹上麻烦。
He got into the habit of reading before going to bed. 他养成了睡前读书的习惯。
此处go作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，复数形式为 goes。
He was hesitant at first , but he decided to give it a go. 他一开始犹豫，但还是决定试一试。
It took three goes to get it right. 试了三次才把它弄好。
I’m not sure it will work but it’s worth a go. 我不知道这是否可行，但是值得一试。
(2) I decided to give it a go. 我决定试一试。(教材 P5 4a)
give it a go 试一试某事
②Try to forget your fears and have fun! 尽量忘记你的恐 惧，玩得开心！（教材 P5 4b）
(3) ①It made me decide to try skiing. 它让我决定尝试
滑雪。（教材P5 4b）
try doing sth. 试着做某事
try to do sth. 尽力做某事
try doing sth.
try to do sth.
尝试做某事
表示尝试，并没有明确的目的性。
努力做某事，尽力做某事
侧重为达到目的而努力。
辨 try doing sth.与try to do sth.
(1)督促，鞭策
push oneself too hard 把自己逼得太紧
push sb. to do sth.督促/鞭策某人做某事
(4) My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 我父母告诉我不要逼我自己太狠。(教材 P5 4b)
push v. 督促；推
Just relax. Don’t push yourself so hard.
放轻松，别把自己逼得太紧。
A healthy competitive spirit can push people to try to be better.
健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。
[及物动词]按下(按钮、开关等)，同义词是 press。
I got in and pushed the button for the fourth floor.
我进去后按了去四楼的按钮。
(2)推 反义词是pull“拉”。
You push and I pull. 你推我拉。
[反身代词]在句中可作宾语、同位语或表语。
I can look after myself well. 我可以照顾好自己。(作look after的宾语)
I’ll speak to her myself. 我要亲自去跟她说。(作 I 的同位语)
I’m not myself today. 我今天不太舒服。(作表语)
(4) My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 我父母告诉我不要逼我自己太狠。(教材 P5 4b)
myself pron. 我自己
常用来表示频度，其前可加 every，相当于now and then、at times。
He usually cooks at home, but once in a while he orders takeout. 他通常在家做饭，但偶尔也会点外卖。
(5) Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while.
对，重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。(教材 P5 4b)
once in a while 偶尔地；间或
(1)[不及物动词]过去式和过去分词为chatted，现在分词为chatting。
chat with sb. 与某人闲聊
chat about sb./sth. 聊起某人/某事
He doesn’t know how to chat with others.
他不知道如何和别人聊天。
They often chat about their hobbies. 他们经常聊他们的爱好。
(6) chat 闲聊 (教材 P5 4c)
chat v. & n. 闲聊
(6) chat 闲聊 (教材 P5 4c)
(2) [可数名词]have a chat with sb. = chat with sb. 与某人聊天
It is fun having a chat with you (=chatting with you). 跟你聊天很有趣。
6. Summary
动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补语
表示目的或意图，通常意为“为了……”，可位于句首，也可位于句尾
作目的状语
作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态
用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后
用于“希望、期望”类动词后
用于使役动词和感官动词后
7. Homework
Write a passage about your free time activities.

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