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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题04 语法填空之无提示词填冠词、介词或代词 (
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
无提示词填冠词、介词或代词思维导图
【知能解读02】
无提示词如何判定填冠词
【知能解读03】
不定冠词知识网络梳理
【知能解读04】
定冠词知识网络梳理
【知能解读05】
冠词使用口诀
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】无提示词如何判定填介词
【重难点突破0
2
】介词知识网络梳理
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】冠词用法易错点
【易混易错0
2
】代词用法易错点
【易混易错0
3
】介词用法易错点
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展0
1
】无提示词如何判定填代词
【用法拓展0
2
】
it
典型用法梳理
【用法拓展0
3
】无提示词填写不定代词
)
01无提示词填冠词、介词或代词思维导图
02 无提示词如何判定填冠词
第一步：确定是否填冠词
分析句子结构，看空后是否有名词。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指
1．若空后有可数名词单数，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an；
2．若空后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑用定冠词the；
3．看看是不是固定搭配不失为有效策略。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 新高考全国卷I) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for _________ first time.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后有名词time，还有有序数词first。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指。for the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”。
[答案]　the
[典例呈现2]
(2025年浙江 1月卷)The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of _________new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填冠词。分析句子结构可知，空格后有形容词和单数可数名词。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指。考查冠词。way此处意为“方式”，为可数名词，且new以辅音音素开头，故填a，表示泛指。
[答案]　a
03 不定冠词知识网络梳理
1.使用不定冠词a(n)的场合归纳
序号 典型场合 典型示例
1 a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story一个不同寻常故事 an unhappy boy一个不高兴的男孩
2 第一次提到的人或物之前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。
3 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
4 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 80 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时80英里速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
5 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。
6 用于专有名词前,表示“某一” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
7 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
8 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。
9 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
10 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！
2.常考含不定冠词a(n)的固定搭配
含不定冠词a(n)的介词短语 含不定冠词a(n)的动词短语
a copy of newspaper一份报纸 at a loss 不知所措,困惑 all of a sudden 突然 in a hurry 匆忙 as a rule 通常 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a result 结果 be on a diet 节食 in a way 从某种意义上说 as a whole 总体上 at a high speed 以高速 in a flash 刹那间 in a word 总而言之 have a gift for 在某方面有天赋 catch a cold 感冒 half an hour 半小时 make a living 谋生 make a difference 有影响 make a fortune 发财 make a living 谋生 make an apology 道歉 make an appointment 预约 make an effort 努力 take a shower 洗淋浴 take a seat 坐下 keep an eye on 留意;照看
3.不定冠词a和an的区别
a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前；特别注意元音字母u：读/ /，前边用an，如umbrella, ugly;读/ju /时，前边用a，如a unique culture, an European country;还应注意honest, honour等字母是以元音开头。记忆秘诀【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】
【跟踪训练】结合语境用适当的冠词填空。
1. —Could you tell me the way to _______Johnsons please
—Sorry, we don't have ______ Johnson here in the village.
2.Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us _______useful knowledge of things in the past.
3.There are _______ number of books in the library and _______ number of them is increasing.
4.What ________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ________ prize!
5. The Wilsons live in ______ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.
6.—How about _______ Christmas evening party
—I should say it was _______ success.
7.______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
8.First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______second chance to make _______first impression.
9.The heavy rain lasted 3 hours on end and came to ______ end when the class was over.
10. Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.
【答案】
1.the, a 2.a 3.a, the 4.a, the 5.an, a 6.the, a 7.An, the 8.a, a 9.an 10.a, a
04定冠词知识网络梳理
1.使用定冠词the场合归纳
序号 典型场合 典型示例
1 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little 请把收音机音量调小点好吗？
2 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
3 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。
4 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
5 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
6 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
7 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住我们楼上公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
8 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
9 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
10 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the United Nations 联合国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党
11 江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
12 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。
13 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？
14 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
2.常考含定冠词the的固定搭配
含定冠词the的介词短语 含定冠词the的动词短语
at the same time 同时 at the moment 此刻,目前 on the contrary 相反 not in the least 一点也不 on the whole 总的来说 in the distance 在远处 on the other hand 另一方面 in the middle of 在……中间 by the way 顺便说一下 at the bottom of 在……的底部 at the foot of 在……的脚下 make the best of 充分利用 take the place of 替代 burn the midnight oil开夜车 go to the cinema 去看电影 keep the house 居家不出门 make the bed 铺床 make the most of 充分利用 tell the truth 说真话 answer the phone 接电话 sign the contract 签合同 break the rule 违反规则
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I don’t know who invented ________ robot, but it’s really________ most wonderful invention.
2. It’s a shame that many tourists are still in ________ habit of writing silly things in public places.
3. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with ________ rise of science, changes began.
4. As is known to all, ______People’s Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.
5. _______more learned a man is, _______more modest he usually becomes.
6. He is in _______possession of that beautiful garden and the shop is in _______ possession of his brother.
7. This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.
8. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _______Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _____ thirteenth century.
9. There is an unhappy boy sitting on ________seat over there, who looks very sad.
10. I looked under _______bed and found _______book I lost last week.
【答案】1.the, a 2.the 3. the 4.the, the 5.The, the 6./, the 7.the, the 8.the, the 9.the 10.the, the
05冠词使用口诀
（一）不定冠词口诀
不定冠词a和an，
辅音用a 元音an；
泛指一个或一类，
单数可数名词前；
序数词前表又再，
时间重量表每一。
（二）定冠词
特指唯一和重提，
方位序数最高级；
形容乐器复数姓，
河流山脉传统节。
（三）冠词
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，
可数名词单，须用a或an，
辅音前用a，an在元音前，
若为特指时，则须用定冠，
复数不可数，泛指the不见，
碰到代词时，冠词均不现。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times size of the moon.
1. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：众所周知，地球的体积是月球的49倍。此处特指“地球的大小”，应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。
2．It’s shame that a good student should do something like that.
2. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：真可惜，一个好学生竟然会做出那样的事。根据空格后的单数名词shame可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，shame的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。a shame指的是“令人惋惜的事；让人遗憾的事”。故填a。
3．He made for the door instant he heard the knock.
3. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：他一听到敲门声就朝门口走去。the instant表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，符合题意。故填the。
4．Believe it or not, the man had narrow escape the other day.
4. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：信不信由你，那个人前几天九死一生。根据空后narrow escape可知，此处是固定短语have a narrow escape意为“九死一生；幸免于难”，故空处需填不定冠词a。故填a。
5．As far as I am concerned, more you take part in after-class activities, the more confident you are.
5. the
解析：考查固定句型。句意：就我个人而言，你参加的课外活动越多，就会越自信。由于“the+比较级……the+比较级……”是固定结构，表示“越……越”。故填the。
6．I had strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.
6. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：我有强烈的愿望伸手进去玩那个玩具，但幸好被商店橱窗拦住了。“have a desire to do sth.”为常用表达，意为“有做某事的愿望” 。故填a。
7．The development of technology will pave way for improving our economy.
7. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：技术的发展将为改善我们的经济铺平道路。固定短语pave the way for，表示“为……铺平道路”，本空用定冠词the。故填the。
8．That is, we smile because we’re happy, but also to extent we can make ourselves happier by smiling.
8. an
解析：考查冠词。句意：也就是说，我们微笑是因为我们快乐，但在某种程度上，我们也可以通过微笑让自己更快乐。to an extent是固定短语，意为“在某种程度上”，其中extent为可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰，符合“说明微笑对提升快乐感存在一定作用”的语境。故填an。
9．Do you know which language has largest number of native speakers
9. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：你知道哪种语言的母语使用者人数最多吗？根据空后“largest number of native speakers”可知，此处表示“人数最多”，形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。故填the。
10．Despite the injury, John was in lead throughout the track and field events and won the gold medal.
10. the
解析：考查冠词和固定搭配。句意：尽管约翰受了伤，但他在整场田径比赛中都处于领先地位，并赢得了金牌。in the lead为固定搭配, 意为“领先；占主导地位”。故填the。
01 无提示词如何判定填介词
第一步：确定是否填介词
分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案
1．分析句子结构，发现空格在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；
2．分析句子结构，发现空格在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；
3．分析句子结构，发现空格在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands _________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填介词。分析句子结构，发现空后的名词achievement在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，其前应填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案。分析句子结构，发现空处在不及物动词stand后名词achievement前，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；再根据句意“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而存在”可知，此处为stand as，意为“作为……存在”。
[答案]　as
[典例呈现2]
(2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead _________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填介词。分析句子结构，instead是干扰单词，focus搭配不完整，空格前应填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案。考查介词。focus on / upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。
[答案]　on/ upon
02介词知识网络梳理
1.介词思维导图
2.常见介词短语归纳
场合 示例
at+名词 at war 交战 at ease 自在 at midnight在午夜 at dawn在黎明 at sunset在日落时分 at Christmas at present目前 at length详细地
in+名词 in action 在运转 in progress 在进行 in use 开始使用 in sight 看得见 in store 贮藏着 in trouble 处于困境中 in danger 处于危险中 in need 处于需要中 in order 有序 in public 在公共场合 in private 在私人场合 in detail 详细地 in general 总体来说 in person 亲自 in total 总共 in short 简言之 in turn 依次 in advance 提前 in addition 此外 in case 以防万一
on+名词 on foot 步行 on purpose 故意 on sale 打折出售 on fire 着火 on display 展出 on average 平均来说 on guard 在值勤 on strike 在罢工
under+名词 under control 在被控制之中 under discussion 在被讨论中 under observation 在被观察中under test 在被测试 under construction 在被建设中underconsideration 在被考虑中 under repair 在被修理中 under arrest 被被逮捕中 under attack 在被袭击中 under pressure 处于压力下
beyond+名词 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond control 无法控制 beyond compare 无可比拟 beyond description 难以形容 beyond expression 无法表达beyond suspicion 无可怀疑
3.常见“动词+介词”短语归纳
场合 示例
动词+to apologize to sb 向…… 道歉 appeal to投诉；吸引；呼吁 complain to sb向…… 抱怨 turn to sb 求助于…… object to sth 反对…… refer to 参考；涉及 contribute to促成；做贡献 subscribe to 订阅；同意
动词+for pay for 为……付款 prepare for 为……做准备 search for 搜寻；查找 hope for 期待；希望得到 stand for 代表；象征 long for 渴望；向往
动词+on depend on 依靠；取决于 focus on 专注于 rely on 依赖；信赖 insist on 坚持；坚决要求 concentrate on 全神贯注于 carry on 继续；坚持 put on 穿上；上演 feed on 以…… 为食 act on 按照…… 行动 live on 靠……生活；以……为食 agree on 就…… 达成一致 comment on 对…… 发表评论
动词+with agree with 同意某人 deal with 处理；应对 argue with与…… 争论 cooperate with 与…… 合作 interact with - 与…… 互动 interfere with - 干扰；妨碍
动词+at smile at 对……微笑 aim at 瞄准 laugh at 嘲笑 shout at 对……大喊 stare at 盯着；凝视 point at 指向 arrive at到达 glance at 瞥一眼；匆匆看 shoot at 向…… 射击 gaze at - 凝视；久久地看
动词+by stand by 支持；袖手旁观 go by （时间）流逝 pass by 经过；路过 drop by 顺便拜访
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025浙江1月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
1. on/ upon
解析：考查介词。focus on / upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。
2. (2025八省联考卷)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 61 the world to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world.
2. for
解析：考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。
3.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route…
3. as
解析：考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
4.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
4. as
解析：考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
5. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men.
5. by
解析：考查介词。increase by是固定词组，表示“增加了……”，by表示数量的变化。
6. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents.
6. with
解析：考查介词。be associated with是固定词组，表示“与……有联系”。
7. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.
7. for
解析：考查介词。buy sth for money是固定搭配，表示“用……价钱买东西”。
8. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture.
8. in
解析：考查介词。公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。
9. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
9. for
解析：考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”。
10. (2020天津卷) I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye __________ him.
10. on
解析：考查介词。keep an eye on 是固定词组，表示“关照，注意”。
01 冠词用法易错点
1.不定冠词a与an错用
[典例呈现1]（广东省深圳四校联考）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera,_____ unique kind of the Chinese art form.
易错分析：误将首字母是元音字母或辅音字母作为判断依据，实则是看unique音素。
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：其中最具代表性的是吕剧，一种独特的中国艺术形式。此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
2.定冠词the与不定冠词错用
[典例呈现2]（湖南省岳阳开学试题）New customers preferred Chinese styles, says______ painter in Dafen. He learnt the art of Shan Shui which involves representing natural landscapes.
易错分析：定冠词the与不定冠词错用。
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：大芬的一位画家说，新客户更喜欢中式风格。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指“一位画家”，且painter是以辅音音素开头的名词单数形式，因此需使用不定冠词a进行修饰。故填a。
3.零冠词与不定冠词的错用
[典例呈现3]（广东省高三调研）The second phase, Zhongfu, is traditionally _______time for consuming noodles because it helps people sweat and relieve inner heat.
易错分析：time指时间时为抽象名词，但此处表示一段时间。
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：第二阶段，中伏，传统上是吃面条的时间，因为它可以帮助人们出汗和释放内心的热量。此处time是可数名词，表示“一段时间”，且time发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，表示泛指，故填a。
4.零冠词与定冠词的错用
[典例呈现4] （2023年新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
易错分析：误以为语言前面一律使用零冠词。
【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。
句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，用于language之前，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
02 代词用法易错点
1.it和指示代词、替代词易混易错点
[典例呈现1]（24-25高三·辽宁大连）Clay Figurine Zhang, featuring a diverse range of themes, mirrors the everyday existence of the common people and also reimagines classic artistic works. is greatly cherished by the public.
易错分析：替代词it, that, one的逻辑指代关系上容易出错。代题上文出现的名词本身用it。
【答案】 It
【解析】考查代词。句意：它深受公众的喜爱。分析句子结构可知，该句缺少主语，可使用不定代词it在句中作主语，指代前文中Clay Figurine Zhang，位于句首时首字母大写。故填It。
2.不定代词易混易错点
[典例呈现2]（2025河南省郑州高三模拟）Lily had lived in London and Manchester, but she liked________ and moved to Cambridge.
易错分析：忽略对全句逻辑意思的理解，单纯考虑指两者的用法，未关注否定含有，易误填both。
【答案】neither
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：Lily在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住过，但是她不喜欢这两座城市，然后搬到剑桥了。由表示转折关系的but可知设空处表示否定含有，并由London和Manchester可知“二者都不”，故填neither。
03 介词用法易错点
1.介词与介词短语易混易错点
[典例呈现2]（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）The following painting process draws inspiration from traditional Chinese brushwork, bringing the sculptures life with light and color.
易错分析：在长难句中，对介词的考查重点在其核心词义上，正确划分句中结构，合理翻译介词在文中的意思至关重要。
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：之后的绘画过程从中国传统的笔法中汲取灵感，用光和色彩赋予雕塑以生命。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语bring...to life，意为“赋予某物生命或活力”，to是介词。故填to。
2.介词核心词义在句子中的易混易错点
[典例呈现2] （24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习） I’ve used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me many new dishes, along with the preferred utensils in China.
易错分析：当句子较长时，在结构分析中容易出现混乱，从而影响对介词核心意思的判断。
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：我从十几岁就开始用筷子了，那时候我姐姐和妈妈都很喜欢中国菜，给我介绍了很多新菜，还有中国人最喜欢的餐具。introduce sb to sth意为“介绍某人认识/了解某物”符合语境。故填to。
3.介词to与不定式符号to的易混易错点
[典例呈现3]I continue to try to embrace my new life, but I’ve had to adjust to (live)on my own.
易错分析：学习中需牢记那些后面被介词to修饰的名词及含有介词to的动词固定短语。
【答案】living
【解析】考查动名词。句意：我继续尝试拥抱我的新生活，但我不得不适应独自生活。短语adjust to doing sth. 意为“调节；以适应……”此处to为介词，后面需加v.-ing.形式。故填living。
01 无提示词如何判定填代词
第一步：确定是否填代词
分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时，应考虑用it。
第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物
分析句子结构，发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时，应考虑用相应的代词。同时，无提示词还有可能填写不定代词，如another, one, that, others等。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 福州第二次质检)I feel _________ our responsibility to communicate about the charm of the primitive inscription with the younger generations and foreigners.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填代词。动词feel后缺少宾语，且空后没给提示词，故需要填代词。
第二步：确定代词的种类和形式。句子真正的宾语是不定式，空处应用it作形式宾语，feel it our responsibility to do sth.意为“觉得做某事是我们的责任”。
[答案]　it
[典例呈现2]
(2024 宁波4月模拟) Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask after _________ in swift movements to convey different emotions.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填代词。介词after后边没有提示词，不填名词就填代词。
第二步：确定代词的种类和形式。考查固定搭配。one after another是固定搭配，意为“一个又一个、一个接一个”。
[答案] another　
02 it典型用法梳理
1.it六种典型用法归纳
it典型用法 典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。 Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。 I bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。 What time is it It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语 He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
强调it: it用在强调句it was …who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语 It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。 It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义 I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我按时完成工作得感谢你。 I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中 Believe it or not, Tom got married last week.信不信由你汤姆上周结婚了。 We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
2.it作形式主语/宾语的高频句型
场合 示例
it作形式主语 ①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间
it作形式宾语 ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time＋doing ...
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (全国2012II)Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. (陕西2012) No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
3. It was along the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5.Will you see to _____ that my birds are well looked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors．
7.Susan made _________clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．
8.____ is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
10. ________ is no wonder that he failed the exam.
【答案】1.it 2.it 3.that 4.it 5.it 6.It 7.it 8.It 9.It 10. It
03 无提示词填写不定代词
1.常考不定代词归纳
不定代词 典型示例
that代替同类(不可数)名词 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai in winter. 冬天北京的天气比上海的冷
one代替同类单数名词 I don’t like this pen. Can you give me another one 我不喜欢这支笔，你能给我另一支吗？
another用于三者以上 I’ve read two novels this week, and I plan to read another next week. 这周我已经读了两本小说，下周打算再读一本。
others其他人/物 You should be kind to others, especially when they are in trouble. 你应该对别人友善，尤其是在他们遇到困难的时候。
both二者都 Both my parents are teachers—they work in the same middle school. 我的父母都是老师，他们在同一所中学工作。
all三者以上都 All the students in our class passed the math exam—everyone worked hard. 我们班所有学生都通过了数学考试，大家都很努力。
either二中任一个 Either of the two dresses fits you well—you can choose whichever you like. 这两条裙子你穿都合适，喜欢哪条就选哪条。
neither二者都不 Neither of the two restaurants is open today—we have to cook at home. 这两家餐厅今天都没开门，我们得在家做饭。
none三者以上都不 I asked several friends for help, but none were free to come. 我找了几个朋友帮忙，但没人有空来。
each每一个 Please give each child a piece of candy—don’t leave anyone out. 请给每个孩子一块糖，别落下任何人。
2.不定代词跟踪训练
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. You may drop in or just give me a call. _______ will do.
2. Both teams were in hard training; __________was willing to lose the game.
3. It is very necessary that children should be taught how to get along with_________.
4. _________ of the three movies is interesting—I fell asleep during the second one.
5. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _______ of them again．
6. Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is________.
7. There are four seasons in a year, and ________ has its own special beauty.
8. ________ singing and dancing are her hobbies—she practices them every weekend.
9. The information on this website is more useful than ________ on the old one.
10. This book is interesting, so I want to buy ________ for my sister.
【答案】
1.Either 2.neither 3.others 4. none 5.that 6. another 7. each 8. Both 9. that 10. one
(
冠词、介词或代词
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Human beings took for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
1. it
解析：考查it用法。句意：人类一直理所当然地认为大脑里藏着所有问题的答案，但或许内心才是更好的指引。take it for granted that“认为……是理所当然的”是固定句型，其it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。故填it。
2． is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
2. It
解析：本题考查固定句型。句意：人们普遍认为，应该根据学生的综合素质来评价他们。句子缺少形式主语，而“that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality”是真正的主语从句，所以此处应用it作形式主语，构成“It is+过去分词+that从句”的固定句型，其中it位于句首，首字母要大写。 故填It。
3．I thought there would be many students in the hall, but when I got in I found .
3. none
解析：考查代词。句意：我以为大厅里会有很多学生，但当我进去时却发现一个也没有。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入代词作动词found的宾语；根据but可知，前后句为转折关系，前半句说 “以为有很多学生”，后半句应表示“实际上一个也没有”，none可指代人或物，意为“一个也没有”，符合语境。故填none。
4．They produced two reports, but of them contained any useful suggestions.
4. neither
解析：考查不定代词。句意：他们制作了两份报告，但两份中没有一份包含任何有用的建议。根据语境 “两份报告”及转折词but可知，此处表达“两者都不”，需用不定代词neither。故填 neither。
5．“There’s really special to be learned from our dragon boat motto: ‘One Boat, One Beat’,” he said.
5. something
解析：考查代词。句意：他说：“从我们的龙舟口号‘一船一拍’中，我们可以学到一些特别的东西。”分析句子，设空处应该使用代词作主语。根据句意，此处表示“一些特别的东西”用something special。故填something。
6．The size of our school is larger than of theirs.
6. that
解析：考查代词。句意：我们学校的规模比他们学校的大。此处用 “that” 来指代前面提到的不可数名词 “size”，以避免重复。“that” 常用于比较结构中，指代前文提到的同类事物（不可数名词或单数可数名词），符合语境。故填 that。
7．Bicycles made in Shanghai are better than made in Beijing.
7. those
解析：考查代词。句意：上海制造的自行车比北京制造的好。根据空前“Bicycles made in Shanghai”及空后“made in Beijing”可知，句中比较的是上海制造的自行车和北京制造的自行车，为了避免重复，应用those来指代前文已经提到过的同类复数名词“bicycles”。故填those。
8．Helping others is a habit, you can learn even at an early age.
8. one
解析：考查代词。句意：帮助别人是一种习惯，你可以在很小的时候就学会习惯。此处替代前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数habit，即表示泛指，应用代词one。故填one。
9．I would appreciate if you could accept my invitation.
9. it
解析：考查固定句型。句意：如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型I would appreciate it if...，意为“如果……我将不胜感激”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的if从句。故填it。
10．Life in senior secondary school is very different from in junior secondary school.
10. that
解析：考查代词。句意：高中生活与初中生活有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填代词，代指上文中提到的“life”，根据语法规则，that作代词时，可以代指上文提到的同名不同物的不可数名词或单数名词，表示特指，所以应填that。故填that。
11．Local residents will have say in the decision-making process of the new project.
11. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：当地居民将在新项目的决策过程中有发言权。have a say“有发言权”，固定短语，故填a。
12．Being excellent has wide range of respects of causes, with wisdom as only one.
12. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：优秀的成因涉及诸多方面，智慧只是其中之一。a wide range of为固定短语，意思为：广泛的。故填a。
13．If you develop appetite for reading, it can give you endless hours of enjoyment.
13. an
解析：考查冠词。句意：如果你培养出阅读的爱好，它能给你无尽的快乐时光。“appetite”意为“爱好，嗜好”，是可数名词，此处表示“一种阅读的爱好”，应用不定冠词，且appetite发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
14．No sugar, butter or cheese for me, please. I’m going on diet now.
14. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：请不要给我糖、黄油或奶酪。我现在正在节食。根据句意可知，此处表示“节食”，应用固定短语go on a diet，其中diet为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且diet的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
15．Everyone has had uncomfortable experience while trying to learn new things.
15. an
解析：考查不定冠词。句意：每个人在尝试学习新事物时都有过一次不愉快的经历。此处experience意为“经历”，是可数名词的单数形式，结合句意，此处表示“一次难忘的经历”为泛指意义，且uncomfortable以元音音素开头，因此需用不定冠词an表示泛指“一次”。故填an。
16．The house has been in charge of Mr. Bell for more than a year.
16. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：这所房子已由贝尔先生负责管理一年多了。此处考查固定搭配in the charge of sb.，意为“由某人负责/掌管”，空处需用定冠词the。故填the。
17．Students can benefit greatly developing a habit of reading English books regularly, as it improves both their vocabulary and comprehension skills.
17. from
解析：考查介词。句意：学生们能从养成定期阅读英语书籍的习惯中获益良多，因为这既能提高他们的词汇量，也能提升理解能力。分析句子结构可知，这里考查benefit from，是固定短语，意为 “从……中获益”，符合语境。故填from。
18．She sighed relief when she heard that her exam results were excellent.
18. with
解析：考查介词。句意：当听到自己的考试成绩非常好时，她如释重负地松了一口气。“with relief”是固定搭配，意为“如释重负地”符合句意，所以此处使用介词with。故填with。
19．In short, internet voting, some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.
19. to
解析：考查介词。句意：简而言之，网络投票在某种程度上是不公平的，即便不是不道德的，也是不可信的。固定短语to some extent，意为“在某种程度上”，其中to为介词。故填to。
20．Human life is regarded part of nature, so the only way for us to survive is to live harmoniously with nature.
20. as
解析：考查介词。句意：人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，所以我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。be regarded as为固定短语，意为“被认为……”。故填as。
21．I don't think what he said is relevant the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
21. to
解析：考查介词。句意：我认为他所说的与我们正在讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。固定短语be relevant to，意为“和……有关的”，to是介词。故填to。
22．Before making the response, you’d better balance the advantages the disadvantages.
22. against
解析：考查介词。句意：在做出回应之前，你最好权衡利弊。结合句意，表达“权衡……”用短语balance...against。故填against。
23．Today, the widespread use of GPS, the compass remains a timeless symbol of human intelligence.
23. despite
解析：考查介词。句意：今天，尽管GPS被广泛使用，指南针仍然是人类智慧的永恒象征。结合句意可知此处指“尽管”，空后是名词短语，应用介词despite，故填despite。
24．The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still guarantee.
24. under
解析：考查介词。句意：商店说只要电视机还在保修期内，他们就会更换。under guarantee“在保修期内”，固定短语，故填under。
25．It is obvious that, to some, the birth of a baby will be the expense of their freedom.
25. at
解析：考查介词。句意：很明显，对一些人来说，孩子的出生将以牺牲他们的自由为代价。at the expense of是固定短语，意为“以……为代价”，因此空格处用介词at。故填at。
二、介词、冠词、代词与语法填空
（一）
（25-26高三上·河南商丘·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year on April 20, the world comes together to mark Chinese Language Day, a day devoted to recognizing the history, influence, and cultural 1 (deep) of one of the oldest languages known to humankind. This day not only celebrates the Chinese language but also acknowledges its lasting 2 (globe) relevance and contribution to international communication.
The date, April 20, isn’t chosen at random. It honors Cangjie, a legendary figure who was an official historian of the Yellow Emperor and is believed to have invented the Chinese writing system. As the story goes, 3 (help) record information, Cangjie, 4 (inspire) by observing the natural world, including the footprints of birds and animals, created Chinese characters. His invention 5 (be) so transformative then that it’s said to have touched both the heavens and the earth, a fitting myth (神话) that highlighted the importance of written language in shaping civilizations.
The recognition of Chinese Language Day by the United Nations (UN) in 2010 is part of 6 organization’s broader initiative to promote cultural diversity. The UN recognizes six official languages — Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. Today, Chinese is spoken 7 over 1.4 billion people worldwide, 8 makes it the most spoken first language on the planet. But beyond numbers, the Chinese language stands out for its deep historical roots 9 its unique writing system where each character carries meaning and artistic expression. It is a language 10 (connect) modern worldwide economies with one of the world’s oldest surviving civilizations, bridging past and future.
【答案】1．depth 2．global 3．to help 4．inspired 5．was 6．the 7．by 8．which 9．and 10．connecting
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每年4月20日的中国语言日，包括其由来、被联合国认可的情况以及汉语的重要性和独特之处。
1．考查名词。句意：每年的4月20日，全世界都会共同庆祝中国语言日，这一天致力于认可人类已知最古老语言之一的历史、影响力和文化深度。形容词cultural(文化的)修饰名词，deep的名词形式是depth，意为“深度”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填depth。
2．考查形容词。句意：这一天不仅庆祝汉语，也承认它在全球范围内的持久相关性以及对国际交流的贡献。提示词修饰名词“relevance”，用形容词global作定语，意为“全球的”。故填global。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，为了帮助记录信息，仓颉受到观察自然界的启发，包括鸟类和动物的足迹，创造了汉字。“(help) record information”是“仓颉创造了汉字”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，为了帮助记录信息，仓颉受到观察自然界的启发，包括鸟类和动物的足迹，创造了汉字。“(inspire) by observing the natural world”作后置定语，inspire(启发)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“Cangjie”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填inspired。
5．考查时态。句意：他的发明在当时具有如此大的变革性，以至于据说它感动了天地，这是一个恰当的神话，凸显了书面语言在塑造文明中的重要性。连系动词be作谓语，结合时间状语“then”可知，描述过去的情况用一般过去时态，主语“His invention”是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
6．考查冠词。句意：2010年，联合国对中国语言日的认可，是该组织促进文化多样性更广泛倡议的一部分。此处特指“联合国”这个组织，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
7．考查介词。句意：如今，全世界有超过14亿人说汉语，这使它成为地球上使用人数最多的第一语言。“be spoken by...”是被动语态的结构，意为”被……说”，介词by引出动作发出者。故填by。
8．考查定语从句。句意：如今，全世界有超过14亿人说汉语，这使它成为地球上使用人数最多的第一语言。”_____ makes it the most spoken first language on the planet”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
9．考查连词。句意：但除了数量之外，汉语因其深厚的历史根源和独特的书写系统而脱颖而出，在这种书写系统中，每个汉字都承载着意义和艺术表达。“its deep historical roots”和“its unique writing system”是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一种将现代全球经济与世界上最古老的现存文明之一联系起来的语言，连接了过去和未来。“(connect) modern worldwide economies with one of the world’s oldest surviving civilizations”作后置定语，connect(连接)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“language”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填connecting。
（二）
（25-26高三上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Summer, for many of us, means more time outdoors, school vacations and a more relaxed atmosphere. But the season also 11 (bring) extreme heat and seasonal depression, which can be hard on our brains. Days and years of exposure 12 persistent heat can hurt the heart and kidneys, disrupt sleep and challenge our mental health.
To protect 13 (you), you should give time to adapt to the heat and stay hydrated (含水份的). Don’t exercise outdoors alone, and learn to recognize the 14 (sign) of heatstroke. 15 (get) out of the heat, even for a few hours, is protective during heat waves.
Air conditioning and electric fans can help, but may not always be available, such as during a power failure. Putting the skin in water may be 16 effective alternative to going to designated cooling centers in your community.
If you feel 17 (well), weak, confused, those are all “red flags”. Begin cooling 18 (immediate) even before a full diagnosis if heatstroke is suspected, experts say. You can apply ice 19 (wrap) in towels to the neck. You can also use the method of cold water immersion (浸泡), 20 is the first-line treatment for heatstroke.
【答案】11．brings 12．to 13．yourself/yourselves 14．signs 15．Getting 16．an 17．unwell 18．immediately 19．wrapped 20．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍夏季高温对健康的影响及防暑降温、应对中暑的方法。
11．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但这个季节也会带来极端高温和季节性抑郁，这对我们的大脑来说可能很难承受。此处为谓语动词，描述夏季的客观情况，用一般现在时；主语the season为单数，所以谓语动词为brings。故填brings。
12．考查介词。句意：长期暴露在持续高温下，日复一日、年复一年，会损害心脏和肾脏，扰乱睡眠，并对心理健康造成挑战。此处为固定搭配“exposure to”，意为“暴露于……”，所以用介词to。故填to。
13．考查反身代词。句意：为了保护自己（你们自己），你（你们）应该花时间适应高温，并保持水分充足。此处主语和宾语指同一人或同一群体，用you的反身代词yourself（单数）或yourselves（复数）。故填yourself或yourselves。
14．考查名词复数。句意：不要独自在户外锻炼，还要学会识别中暑的迹象。sign为可数名词，结合语境，中暑的迹象不止一种，应用复数形式signs。故填signs。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：在热浪期间，远离高温环境，即使只有几个小时，也能起到保护作用。此处为非谓语动词作主语，描述的是一般性动作，所以使用get的动名词形式getting，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Getting。
16．考查冠词。句意：在将皮肤浸泡在水中可能是去社区指定避暑中心之外的一个有效替代方法。alternative为可数名词单数，意为“可供选择的事物”，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个有效替代方法”，effective是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。
17．考查形容词。句意：如果你感觉不舒服、虚弱、意识模糊，这些都是“危险信号”。此处为形容词作表语，结合“weak, confused”可知，此处表示“不舒服的”，用well的反义词unwell。故填unwell。
18．考查副词。句意：专家表示，如果怀疑中暑，即使在确诊前，也应立即开始降温。此处修饰动词cooling，用immediate的副词形式immediately，意为“立即”。故填immediately。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以把用毛巾包裹好的冰块敷在脖子上。此处为非谓语动词，ice与wrap为被动关系，用过去分词wrapped，作后置定语，修饰ice。故填wrapped。
20．考查定语从句。句意：你也可以使用冷水浸泡法，这是治疗中暑的一线方法。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the method of cold water immersion，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
（三）
（25-26高三上·四川绵阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in the Nujiang River Valley, the Xinzhai village has an annual average temperature of 25 degrees centigrade and slightly acid soil, which make it 21 ideal place for growing high-quality coffee plants. As one of the 22 (early) places to produce coffee plants in China, the Xinzhai village began to plant coffee trees in 1952, 23 the Chinese people were not used to drinking coffee. Consequently, the villagers ended up growing rice and corn instead.
In the 1980s, when international brands 24 (introduce) to China, the villagers began to cultivate coffee plants again. Since 2007, the Xinzhai village has been upgrading their coffee industry, selecting high quality coffee plants to produce high-quality coffee professionally and cultivating 25 (they) own coffee brand.
Today, the coffee growing area is about 9 million square metres, with an annual output value of more than 100 million yuan. The “Baoshan Arabica Coffee” 26 (produce) here has won many international awards and is sold all over the world. 27 addition, the Xinzhai village has also been developing local tourism. When 28 (visit) here, you can pluck coffee beans, learn how to properly brew coffee from baristas, and taste the 29 (fresh) ground (磨碎的) high-quality coffee. Every year, about 120,000 30 (tourist) are attracted here, which further boosts the local economy.
【答案】21．an 22．earliest 23．when 24．were introduced 25．their 26．produced 27．In 28．visiting 29．freshly 30．tourists
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新寨村发展咖啡产业和旅游业的历程及现状。
21．考查冠词。句意：新寨村位于怒江峡谷，年平均气温25摄氏度，土壤略酸，是种植优质咖啡树的理想之地。空处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，ideal是元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
22．考查形容词最高级。句意：作为中国最早种植咖啡树的地区之一，新寨村于1952年开始种植咖啡树，当时中国人还不习惯喝咖啡。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定搭配，意为“最……之一”，空处应用early的最高级earliest。故填earliest。
23．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1952，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
24．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：20世纪80年代，当国际品牌被引入中国时，村民们又开始种植咖啡树。根据时间状语In the 1980s可知，句子应用一般过去时，introduce与主语international brands之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词应用were。故填were introduced。
25．考查代词。句意：自2007年以来，新寨村一直在升级咖啡产业，选择优质咖啡树专业生产优质咖啡，并培育自己的咖啡品牌。固定搭配one’s own“某人自己的”，空处应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：这里生产的“保山阿拉比卡咖啡”多次获得国际大奖，畅销世界各地。空处作非谓语动词，produce与逻辑主语The “Baoshan Arabica Coffee”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填produced。
27．考查介词。句意：此外，新寨村还在发展当地旅游业。in addition为固定短语，意为“此外”，in位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这里参观时，您可以采摘咖啡豆，向咖啡师学习如何正确冲泡咖啡，品尝新鲜研磨的高品质咖啡。空处作非谓语动词，visit与逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填visiting。
29．考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰形容词ground，用副词freshly作状语，freshly ground“现磨的”。故填freshly。
30．考查名词复数。句意：每年约有12万游客被吸引到这里，进一步推动了当地经济的发展。tourist是可数名词，由空前120,000可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填tourists。
试卷第1页，共3页
1中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题04 语法填空之无提示词填冠词、介词或代词 (
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
无提示词填冠词、介词或代词思维导图
【知能解读02】
无提示词如何判定填冠词
【知能解读03】
不定冠词知识网络梳理
【知能解读04】
定冠词知识网络梳理
【知能解读05】
冠词使用口诀
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】无提示词如何判定填介词
【重难点突破0
2
】介词知识网络梳理
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】冠词用法易错点
【易混易错0
2
】代词用法易错点
【易混易错0
3
】介词用法易错点
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展0
1
】无提示词如何判定填代词
【用法拓展0
2
】
it
典型用法梳理
【用法拓展0
3
】无提示词填写不定代词
)
01无提示词填冠词、介词或代词思维导图
02 无提示词如何判定填冠词
第一步：确定是否填冠词
分析句子结构，看空后是否有名词。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指
1．若空后有可数名词单数，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an；
2．若空后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑用定冠词the；
3．看看是不是固定搭配不失为有效策略。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 新高考全国卷I) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for _________ first time.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后有名词time，还有有序数词first。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指。for the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”。
[答案]　the
[典例呈现2]
(2025年浙江 1月卷)The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of _________new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填冠词。分析句子结构可知，空格后有形容词和单数可数名词。
第二步：判断是特指还是泛指。考查冠词。way此处意为“方式”，为可数名词，且new以辅音音素开头，故填a，表示泛指。
[答案]　a
03 不定冠词知识网络梳理
1.使用不定冠词a(n)的场合归纳
序号 典型场合 典型示例
1 a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story一个不同寻常故事 an unhappy boy一个不高兴的男孩
2 第一次提到的某人或某物之前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。
3 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
4 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 80 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时80英里速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
5 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。
6 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
7 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
8 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。
9 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
10 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！
2.常考含不定冠词a(n)的固定搭配
含不定冠词a(n)的介词短语 含不定冠词a(n)的动词短语
a copy of newspaper一份报纸 at a loss 不知所措,困惑 all of a sudden 突然 in a hurry 匆忙 as a rule 通常 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a result 结果 be on a diet 节食 in a way 从某种意义上说 as a whole 总体上 at a high speed 以高速 in a flash 刹那间 in a word 总而言之 have a gift for 在某方面有天赋 catch a cold 感冒 half an hour 半小时 make a living 谋生 make a difference 有影响 make a fortune 发财 make a living 谋生 make an apology 道歉 make an appointment 预约 make an effort 努力 take a shower 洗淋浴 take a seat 坐下 keep an eye on 留意;照看
3.不定冠词a和an的区别
a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前；特别注意元音字母u：读/ /，前边用an，如umbrella, ugly;读/ju /时，前边用a，如a unique culture, an European country;还应注意honest, honour等字母是以元音开头。记忆秘诀【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】
【跟踪训练】结合语境用适当的冠词填空。
1. —Could you tell me the way to _______Johnsons please
—Sorry, we don't have ______ Johnson here in the village.
2.Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us _______useful knowledge of things in the past.
3.There are _______ number of books in the library and _______ number of them is increasing.
4.What ________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ________ prize!
5. The Wilsons live in ______ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.
6.—How about _______ Christmas evening party
—I should say it was _______ success.
7.______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
8.First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______second chance to make _______first impression.
9.The heavy rain lasted 3 hours on end and came to ______ end when the class was over.
10. Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.
04定冠词知识网络梳理
1.使用定冠词the场合归纳
序号 典型场合 典型示例
1 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little 请把收音机音量调小点好吗？
2 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
3 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。
4 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
5 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
6 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
7 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住我们楼上公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
8 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
9 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
10 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the United Nations 联合国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党
11 江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
12 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。
13 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？
14 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
2.常考含定冠词the的固定搭配
含定冠词the的介词短语 含定冠词the的动词短语
at the same time 同时 at the moment 此刻,目前 on the contrary 相反 not in the least 一点也不 on the whole 总的来说 in the distance 在远处 on the other hand 另一方面 in the middle of 在……中间 by the way 顺便说一下 at the bottom of 在……的底部 at the foot of 在……的脚下 make the best of 充分利用 take the place of 替代 burn the midnight oil开夜车 go to the cinema 去看电影 keep the house 居家不出门 make the bed 铺床 make the most of 充分利用 tell the truth 说真话 answer the phone 接电话 sign the contract 签合同 break the rule 违反规则
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I don’t know who invented ________ robot, but it’s really________ most wonderful invention.
2. It’s a shame that many tourists are still in ________ habit of writing silly things in public places.
3. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with ________ rise of science, changes began.
4. As is known to all, ______People’s Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.
5. _______more learned a man is, _______more modest he usually becomes.
6. He is in _______possession of that beautiful garden and the shop is in _______ possession of his brother.
7. This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.
8. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _______Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _____ thirteenth century.
9. There is an unhappy boy sitting on ________seat over there, who looks very sad.
10. I looked under _______bed and found _______book I lost last week.
05冠词使用口诀
（一）不定冠词口诀
不定冠词a和an，
辅音用a 元音an；
泛指一个或一类，
单数可数名词前；
序数词前表又再，
时间重量表每一。
（二）定冠词
特指唯一和重提，
方位序数最高级；
形容乐器复数姓，
河流山脉传统节。
（三）冠词
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，
可数名词单，须用a或an，
辅音前用a，an在元音前，
若为特指时，则须用定冠，
复数不可数，泛指the不见，
碰到代词时，冠词均不现。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times size of the moon.
2．It’s shame that a good student should do something like that.
3．He made for the door instant he heard the knock.
4．Believe it or not, the man had narrow escape the other day.
5．As far as I am concerned, more you take part in after-class activities, the more confident you are.
6．I had strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.
7．The development of technology will pave way for improving our economy.
8．That is, we smile because we’re happy, but also to extent we can make ourselves happier by smiling.
9．Do you know which language has largest number of native speakers
10．Despite the injury, John was in lead throughout the track and field events and won the gold medal.
01 无提示词如何判定填介词
第一步：确定是否填介词
分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案
1．分析句子结构，发现空格在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；
2．分析句子结构，发现空格在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；
3．分析句子结构，发现空格在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands _________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填介词。分析句子结构，发现空后的名词achievement在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，其前应填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案。分析句子结构，发现空处在不及物动词stand后名词achievement前，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；再根据句意“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而存在”可知，此处为stand as，意为“作为……存在”。
[答案]　as
[典例呈现2]
(2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead _________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填介词。分析句子结构，instead是干扰单词，focus搭配不完整，空格前应填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定答案。考查介词。focus on / upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。
[答案]　on/ upon
02介词知识网络梳理
1.介词思维导图
2.常见介词短语归纳
场合 示例
at+名词 at war 交战 at ease 自在 at midnight在午夜 at dawn在黎明 at sunset在日落时分 at Christmas at present目前 at length详细地
in+名词 in action 在运转 in progress 在进行 in use 开始使用 in sight 看得见 in store 贮藏着 in trouble 处于困境中 in danger 处于危险中 in need 处于需要中 in order 有序 in public 在公共场合 in private 在私人场合 in detail 详细地 in general 总体来说 in person 亲自 in total 总共 in short 简言之 in turn 依次 in advance 提前 in addition 此外 in case 以防万一
on+名词 on foot 步行 on purpose 故意 on sale 打折出售 on fire 着火 on display 展出 on average 平均来说 on guard 在值勤 on strike 在罢工
under+名词 under control 在被控制之中 under discussion 在被讨论中 under observation 在被观察中under test 在被测试 under construction 在被建设中underconsideration 在被考虑中 under repair 在被修理中 under arrest 被被逮捕中 under attack 在被袭击中 under pressure 处于压力下
beyond+名词 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond control 无法控制 beyond compare 无可比拟 beyond description 难以形容 beyond expression 无法表达beyond suspicion 无可怀疑
3.常见“动词+介词”短语归纳
场合 示例
动词+to apologize to sb 向…… 道歉 appeal to投诉；吸引；呼吁 complain to sb向…… 抱怨 turn to sb 求助于…… object to sth 反对…… refer to 参考；涉及 contribute to促成；做贡献 subscribe to 订阅；同意
动词+for pay for 为……付款 prepare for 为……做准备 search for 搜寻；查找 hope for 期待；希望得到 stand for 代表；象征 long for 渴望；向往
动词+on depend on 依靠；取决于 focus on 专注于 rely on 依赖；信赖 insist on 坚持；坚决要求 concentrate on 全神贯注于 carry on 继续；坚持 put on 穿上；上演 feed on 以…… 为食 act on 按照…… 行动 live on 靠……生活；以……为食 agree on 就…… 达成一致 comment on 对…… 发表评论
动词+with agree with 同意某人 deal with 处理；应对 argue with与…… 争论 cooperate with 与…… 合作 interact with - 与…… 互动 interfere with - 干扰；妨碍
动词+at smile at 对……微笑 aim at 瞄准 laugh at 嘲笑 shout at 对……大喊 stare at 盯着；凝视 point at 指向 arrive at到达 glance at 瞥一眼；匆匆看 shoot at 向…… 射击 gaze at - 凝视；久久地看
动词+by stand by 支持；袖手旁观 go by （时间）流逝 pass by 经过；路过 drop by 顺便拜访
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025浙江1月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
2. (2025八省联考卷)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 61 the world to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world.
3.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route…
4.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
5. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men.
6. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents.
7. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.
8. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture.
9. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
10. (2020天津卷) I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye __________ him.
01 冠词用法易错点
1.不定冠词a与an错用
[典例呈现1]（广东省深圳四校联考）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera,_____ unique kind of the Chinese art form.
易错分析：误将首字母是元音字母或辅音字母作为判断依据，实则是看unique音素。
2.定冠词the与不定冠词错用
[典例呈现2]（湖南省岳阳开学试题）New customers preferred Chinese styles, says______ painter in Dafen. He learnt the art of Shan Shui which involves representing natural landscapes.
易错分析：定冠词the与不定冠词错用。
3.零冠词与不定冠词的错用
[典例呈现3]（广东省高三调研）The second phase, Zhongfu, is traditionally _______time for consuming noodles because it helps people sweat and relieve inner heat.
易错分析：time指时间时为抽象名词，但此处表示一段时间。
4.零冠词与定冠词的错用
[典例呈现4] （2023年新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
易错分析：误以为语言前面一律使用零冠词。
02 代词用法易错点
1.it和指示代词、替代词易混易错点
[典例呈现1]（24-25高三·辽宁大连）Clay Figurine Zhang, featuring a diverse range of themes, mirrors the everyday existence of the common people and also reimagines classic artistic works. is greatly cherished by the public.
易错分析：替代词it, that, one的逻辑指代关系上容易出错。代题上文出现的名词本身用it。
2.不定代词易混易错点
[典例呈现2]（2025河南省郑州高三模拟）Lily had lived in London and Manchester, but she liked________ and moved to Cambridge.
易错分析：忽略对全句逻辑意思的理解，单纯考虑指两者的用法，未关注否定含有，易误填both。
03 介词用法易错点
1.介词与介词短语易混易错点
[典例呈现2]（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）The following painting process draws inspiration from traditional Chinese brushwork, bringing the sculptures life with light and color.
易错分析：在长难句中，对介词的考查重点在其核心词义上，正确划分句中结构，合理翻译介词在文中的意思至关重要。
2.介词核心词义在句子中的易混易错点
[典例呈现2] （24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习） I’ve used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me many new dishes, along with the preferred utensils in China.
易错分析：当句子较长时，在结构分析中容易出现混乱，从而影响对介词核心意思的判断。
3.介词to与不定式符号to的易混易错点
[典例呈现3]I continue to try to embrace my new life, but I’ve had to adjust to (live)on my own.
易错分析：学习中需牢记那些后面被介词to修饰的名词及含有介词to的动词固定短语。
01 无提示词如何判定填代词
第一步：确定是否填代词
分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时，应考虑用it。
第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物
分析句子结构，发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时，应考虑用相应的代词。同时，无提示词还有可能填写不定代词，如another, one, that, others等。
[典例呈现1]
(2024 福州第二次质检)I feel _________ our responsibility to communicate about the charm of the primitive inscription with the younger generations and foreigners.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填代词。动词feel后缺少宾语，且空后没给提示词，故需要填代词。
第二步：确定代词的种类和形式。句子真正的宾语是不定式，空处应用it作形式宾语，feel it our responsibility to do sth.意为“觉得做某事是我们的责任”。
[答案]　it
[典例呈现2]
(2024 宁波4月模拟) Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask after _________ in swift movements to convey different emotions.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否填代词。介词after后边没有提示词，不填名词就填代词。
第二步：确定代词的种类和形式。考查固定搭配。one after another是固定搭配，意为“一个又一个、一个接一个”。
[答案] another　
02 it典型用法梳理
1.it六种典型用法归纳
it典型用法 典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。 Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。 I bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。 What time is it It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语 He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
强调it: it用在强调句it was …who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语 It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。 It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义 I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我按时完成工作得感谢你。 I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中 Believe it or not, Tom got married last week.信不信由你汤姆上周结婚了。 We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
2.it作形式主语/宾语的高频句型
场合 示例
it作形式主语 ①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间
it作形式宾语 ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time＋doing ...
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (全国2012II)Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. (陕西2012) No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
3. It was along the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5.Will you see to _____ that my birds are well looked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors．
7.Susan made _________clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．
8.____ is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
10. ________ is no wonder that he failed the exam.
03 无提示词填写不定代词
1.常考不定代词归纳
不定代词 典型示例
that代替同类(不可数)名词 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai in winter. 冬天北京的天气比上海的冷
one代替同类单数名词 I don’t like this pen. Can you give me another one 我不喜欢这支笔，你能给我另一支吗？
another用于三者以上 I’ve read two novels this week, and I plan to read another next week. 这周我已经读了两本小说，下周打算再读一本。
others其他人/物 You should be kind to others, especially when they are in trouble. 你应该对别人友善，尤其是在他们遇到困难的时候。
both二者都 Both my parents are teachers—they work in the same middle school. 我的父母都是老师，他们在同一所中学工作。
all三者以上都 All the students in our class passed the math exam—everyone worked hard. 我们班所有学生都通过了数学考试，大家都很努力。
either二中任一个 Either of the two dresses fits you well—you can choose whichever you like. 这两条裙子你穿都合适，喜欢哪条就选哪条。
neither二者都不 Neither of the two restaurants is open today—we have to cook at home. 这两家餐厅今天都没开门，我们得在家做饭。
none三者以上都不 I asked several friends for help, but none were free to come. 我找了几个朋友帮忙，但没人有空来。
each每一个 Please give each child a piece of candy—don’t leave anyone out. 请给每个孩子一块糖，别落下任何人。
2.不定代词跟踪训练
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. You may drop in or just give me a call. _______ will do.
2. Both teams were in hard training; __________was willing to lose the game.
3. It is very necessary that children should be taught how to get along with_________.
4. _________ of the three movies is interesting—I fell asleep during the second one.
5. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _______ of them again．
6. Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is________.
7. There are four seasons in a year, and ________ has its own special beauty.
8. ________ singing and dancing are her hobbies—she practices them every weekend.
9. The information on this website is more useful than ________ on the old one.
10. This book is interesting, so I want to buy ________ for my sister.
(
冠词、介词或代词
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Human beings took for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
2． is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
3．I thought there would be many students in the hall, but when I got in I found .
4．They produced two reports, but of them contained any useful suggestions.
5．“There’s really special to be learned from our dragon boat motto: ‘One Boat, One Beat’,” he said.
6．The size of our school is larger than of theirs.
7．Bicycles made in Shanghai are better than made in Beijing.
8．Helping others is a habit, you can learn even at an early age.
9．I would appreciate if you could accept my invitation.
10．Life in senior secondary school is very different from in junior secondary school.
11．Local residents will have say in the decision-making process of the new project.
12．Being excellent has wide range of respects of causes, with wisdom as only one.
13．If you develop appetite for reading, it can give you endless hours of enjoyment.
14．No sugar, butter or cheese for me, please. I’m going on diet now.
15．Everyone has had uncomfortable experience while trying to learn new things.
16．The house has been in charge of Mr. Bell for more than a year.
17．Students can benefit greatly developing a habit of reading English books regularly, as it improves both their vocabulary and comprehension skills.
18．She sighed relief when she heard that her exam results were excellent.
19．In short, internet voting, some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.
20．Human life is regarded part of nature, so the only way for us to survive is to live harmoniously with nature.
21．I don't think what he said is relevant the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
22．Before making the response, you’d better balance the advantages the disadvantages.
23．Today, the widespread use of GPS, the compass remains a timeless symbol of human intelligence.
24．The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still guarantee.
25．It is obvious that, to some, the birth of a baby will be the expense of their freedom.
二、介词、冠词、代词与语法填空
（一）
（25-26高三上·河南商丘·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year on April 20, the world comes together to mark Chinese Language Day, a day devoted to recognizing the history, influence, and cultural 1 (deep) of one of the oldest languages known to humankind. This day not only celebrates the Chinese language but also acknowledges its lasting 2 (globe) relevance and contribution to international communication.
The date, April 20, isn’t chosen at random. It honors Cangjie, a legendary figure who was an official historian of the Yellow Emperor and is believed to have invented the Chinese writing system. As the story goes, 3 (help) record information, Cangjie, 4 (inspire) by observing the natural world, including the footprints of birds and animals, created Chinese characters. His invention 5 (be) so transformative then that it’s said to have touched both the heavens and the earth, a fitting myth (神话) that highlighted the importance of written language in shaping civilizations.
The recognition of Chinese Language Day by the United Nations (UN) in 2010 is part of 6 organization’s broader initiative to promote cultural diversity. The UN recognizes six official languages — Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. Today, Chinese is spoken 7 over 1.4 billion people worldwide, 8 makes it the most spoken first language on the planet. But beyond numbers, the Chinese language stands out for its deep historical roots 9 its unique writing system where each character carries meaning and artistic expression. It is a language 10 (connect) modern worldwide economies with one of the world’s oldest surviving civilizations, bridging past and future.
（二）
（25-26高三上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Summer, for many of us, means more time outdoors, school vacations and a more relaxed atmosphere. But the season also 11 (bring) extreme heat and seasonal depression, which can be hard on our brains. Days and years of exposure 12 persistent heat can hurt the heart and kidneys, disrupt sleep and challenge our mental health.
To protect 13 (you), you should give time to adapt to the heat and stay hydrated (含水份的). Don’t exercise outdoors alone, and learn to recognize the 14 (sign) of heatstroke. 15 (get) out of the heat, even for a few hours, is protective during heat waves.
Air conditioning and electric fans can help, but may not always be available, such as during a power failure. Putting the skin in water may be 16 effective alternative to going to designated cooling centers in your community.
If you feel 17 (well), weak, confused, those are all “red flags”. Begin cooling 18 (immediate) even before a full diagnosis if heatstroke is suspected, experts say. You can apply ice 19 (wrap) in towels to the neck. You can also use the method of cold water immersion (浸泡), 20 is the first-line treatment for heatstroke.
（三）
（25-26高三上·四川绵阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in the Nujiang River Valley, the Xinzhai village has an annual average temperature of 25 degrees centigrade and slightly acid soil, which make it 21 ideal place for growing high-quality coffee plants. As one of the 22 (early) places to produce coffee plants in China, the Xinzhai village began to plant coffee trees in 1952, 23 the Chinese people were not used to drinking coffee. Consequently, the villagers ended up growing rice and corn instead.
In the 1980s, when international brands 24 (introduce) to China, the villagers began to cultivate coffee plants again. Since 2007, the Xinzhai village has been upgrading their coffee industry, selecting high quality coffee plants to produce high-quality coffee professionally and cultivating 25 (they) own coffee brand.
Today, the coffee growing area is about 9 million square metres, with an annual output value of more than 100 million yuan. The “Baoshan Arabica Coffee” 26 (produce) here has won many international awards and is sold all over the world. 27 addition, the Xinzhai village has also been developing local tourism. When 28 (visit) here, you can pluck coffee beans, learn how to properly brew coffee from baristas, and taste the 29 (fresh) ground (磨碎的) high-quality coffee. Every year, about 120,000 30 (tourist) are attracted here, which further boosts the local economy.
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