资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题23 形容词副词1
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
形容词句法功能
【知能解读02】
副词句法功能
【知能解读03】
反身代词用法
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】合成形容词
【重难点突破0
2
】名词+后缀变形容词
【重难点突破0
3
】动词+后缀变形容词
【重难点突破0
4
】形容词+后缀变副词
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】容易混淆形容词
【易混易错0
2
】易混形容词副词
【易混易错0
3
】
两种形式的副词
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展0
1
】副词的种类
【用法拓展0
2
】形容词化的分词
)
01形容词句法功能
1.形容词作表语
形容词放在连系词(be,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,get,become,grow,keep,appear,turn,seem 等)之后作表语，表示主语的性质、特点等。
He got angry when he heard the news.
听到这个消息，他生气了。
Her advice proved helpful in the end.
她的建议最终证明是有用的。
易错提醒：某些以a- 开头的形容词常作表语：
alone单独的；asleep睡着的；afraid害怕的；awake醒着的；aware有意识的；ashamed羞愧的；alive活着的。
2.形容词作定语
形容词放在名词之前作前置定语或复合不定代词之后作后置定语。
If you live a healthy life,your memory will work better.
如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。
There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。
易错题型：多个形容词修饰同一名词的排列顺序
限定词—描绘性—大小长短高矮—新旧—颜色—国籍—材料—用途
记忆口诀：县（限）--官（观）-行（形）- 令（龄）-宴（颜）-国--才（材）
限定词 + 大小 + 形状 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 材料 + 名词
a small round red Chinese wooden table一张红色的中国小圆形木桌
限定词 + 数量 + 新旧 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 用途 + 名词
three old brown French military cars三辆棕色的法国旧军用车
物主代词 + 大小 + 年龄 + 颜色 + 材料 + 名词
her large new black leather bag她的那个黑色大新皮包
指示代词 + 长短 + 形状 + 国籍 + 名词
this long square American building这栋美国的方形长建筑
3.形容词作状语
形容词位于句首或句末作状语，常用逗号与其他部分隔开，表示原因、伴随或结果等。
She was lying in bed,wide awake.(表伴随)
她在床上躺着，十分清醒。
Hungry and tired,I have to stop to have a rest.(原因状语)
又饿又累，我不得不停下来休息。
We arrived home very late, safe and sound.(表结果)
我们很晚才到家，安然无恙。
4.形容词作补足语
在“with+名词+形容词”构成的复合结构或keep、find、make等动词接形容词作宾语补足语（被动语态被称为主语补足语）说明宾语的性质、状态 、特征等。
They keep the classroom clean every day.
他们每天保持教室干净。
They walked along the street with their hands full of shopping bags.
他们沿街走着，手里满是购物袋。
02副词句法功能
1.副词作状语
副词在句中主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子等。
He spoke too loudly in the library. 他在图书馆里说话太大声。
Fortunately, we caught the last bus.幸运的是，我们赶上了末班车。
2.副词作定语
副词作定语时通常后置，修饰名词，多表示时间、地点等。
The people here are very kind. 这里的人们很友善。
The rooms upstairs need cleaning.楼上的房间需要打扫。
3.副词作表语
on, over, up, down, away等少数副词（主要是表示地点或状态的副词）可位于系动词后作表语，说明主语的位置或状态。
His favorite TV show is on tonight. 他最爱的电视节目今晚播出。
The old man was alone in the house. 那位老人独自一人在家。
4.副词作宾语补足语
副词作宾语补足语时，补充说明宾语的位置、状态或动作趋向，使句子意义更完整。
He left the lights on when he left. 他离开时让灯亮着。
We found the cat upstairs in the bedroom. 我们发现猫在楼上卧室里。
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。
1. He had an (amaze) look on his face when seeing the breathtaking scenery in the countryside.
2. So (impress) is the scenery of Jiuzhaigou that it has left a lasting impression on visitors from home and abroad.
3. I was asked to introduce myself in English, but I was too nervous to speak, which made me quite (embarrass).
4. He lowered his head and found that there was nothing left on the carpet, (astonish) and embarrassed.
5. (delight) to know that you will visit us next month, I can’t wait to extend my warm welcome.
01 合成形容词
1.形容词/副词+现在分词
easy-going 随和的 good-looking 相貌好看的
hard-working 勤劳的 long-standing 长期存在的
far-reaching 深远的 long-lasting 耐用的
long-standing 由来已久的 never-ending 没完没了的
smooth-talking花言巧语的 well-meaning 好心好意的
2.副词+过去分词
low-paid 低工资的 well-known 众所周知的，著名的
poorly-written 写得很差的 good-tempered脾气好的
grey-haired 头发灰白的 hand-picked 精选的
3.名词+现在分词
time-consuming耗时的 labor-saving 节省劳力的
record-breaking创纪录的 labor-saving 节省劳动力的
man-eating 吃人的 mouth-watering令人垂涎的
4.名词+过去分词
heart-broken 极其伤心的 hand-held 便携式的
hand-picked 精选的 home-made 家里制作的
left-handed 惯用左手的 mass-produced批量生产的
middle-aged 中年的 right-angled 直角的
5.形容词/数词+名词
full-time 全职的 white-collar 白领阶层的
first-rate 一流的 high-speed 高速
five-year 五年期的 second-hand 二手的
6.形容词/数词+名词+ ed
absent-minded 心不在焉的 kind-hearted 仁慈的
four-legged 四条腿的 white-haired 白发的
7.数词+名词+形容词
five-year-old 五岁大的 three-meter-long 三米长的
8.其他合成形容词
built-in 内置的 grown-up 成人的，成熟的
face-to-face 面对面的 heart-to-heart 坦诚的，推心置腹的
life-and-death 生死攸关的 up-to-date 最新的，新式的
down-to-earth切合实际的 wait-and-see 观望的
02名词+后缀变形容词
1. 名词+y
anger →angry 生气的 hunger→hungry饿的
ice→icyy 结冰的 fur→furry 毛皮的
guilt →guilty 内疚的 health→healthy 健康的
易错题型：sunny晴朗的 muddy泥泞的 foggy有雾的
2.名词+ ed
balance→balanced 平衡的 spot → spotted 有斑点的
gift →gifted 有天赋的 talent→talented 有天赋的
crowd→ crowded 拥挤的
3.名词+ ful/less
meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的
pain →painful 痛苦的 beauty →beautiful 美丽的
wonder →wonderful 极好的 fear→ fearless 不怕的
4.名词+ able
fashion→ fashionable 时尚的 comfort→comfortable 舒适的
profit→ profitable 有利可图的 reason→reasonable合理的
易错提醒：knowledge→knowledgeable博学的
5.名词+ ous
courage→courageous 勇敢的 danger→dangerous 危险的
mystery →mysterious 神秘的 fame →famous 著名的
poison→poisonous 有毒的 humor→humorous 幽默地
6. -ce变成-t结尾的形容词
innocence →innocent 无辜的 evidence →evident 显然的
ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 patience→patient 有耐心的
7. -al 结尾的形容词
addition→additional 附加的 class→classical 经典的
medicine →medical 医学的 music→musical 音乐的
grammar→grammatical 语法的 globe→global 全球的
agriculture→agricultural 农业的 culture→cultural 文化的
8.-ly结尾的形容词
friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的
day →daily 每日的 month →monthly 每月的
9.-en结尾的形容词
wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的
gold →golden 金子般的
10. 学科名词加cal变成形容词
chemistry →chemical 化学的 physics →physical 身体的
politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的
11.-cial结尾的形容词
race→ racial 种族的 face→ facial 面部的
commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的
benefit →beneficial 有益处的
11.其他名词变形容词
energy→energetic 精力充沛的 strategy→strategic 战略的
self→selfish 自私的 wisdom→wise 明智的
height →high 高的 science→scientific 科学的
03动词+后缀变形容词
1.动词+-ful结尾
thank → thankful 感激的 forget → forgetful 健忘的
regret→regretful 后悔的 cheer→cheerful 快乐的
2.动词+-ed结尾
please → pleased 高兴的 unite → united 联合的
excite → excited 激动的 surprise → surprised惊讶的
organize → organized 有组织的 close → closed 封闭的
3.动词+-ing结尾
interest → interesting 有趣的 surprise → surprising 令人惊讶
excite → exciting 令人兴奋的 develop → developing 发展中的
4.动词+-ble结尾
know → knowledgeable 博学的 adjust → adjustable 可调整的
accept→acceptable 可接受的 respect→respectable 体面的
易错提醒：change →changeable易变的noticeable显而易见的
5.动词+-ive结尾
create→creative有创造力的 impress→impressive令人印象深刻的
explode→explosive易爆的 protect→protective保护的
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It was my father who taught me how to face difficult and (challenge) situations in the future.
2. It is true that the dog is the most useful and (faith) animal in the world.
3. The hurricane caused (destroy) damage to the coastal towns, leaving thousands homeless.
4. The (origin) version of this story was much longer than the one we read today.
5. Some straw even can be made into beautiful and eye-catching (function) artworks by craftsmen.
04 形容词+后缀变副词
1.一般形容词直接加-ly
careful→carefully小心地 beautiful→beautifully(美丽地
strong→strongly 强烈地 exact→exactly精确地
2.以-y 结尾的形容词变y为i 加-ly
happy→happily快乐地 heavy→heavily沉重地
angry→angrily生气地 busy→busily忙碌地
易错提醒：shy→shyly害羞地
3.以-ic结尾的词形容词加-ally
basic→basically 基本上 tragic→tragically悲剧性地
scientific→scientifically 科学上 enthusiastic→enthusiastically热情地
易错提醒：public-publicly
4.以-ll结尾形容词只须加- y
full→fully充分地 dull→dully枯燥地
5.以-ing结尾形容词直接加-ly
amazing→ amazingly令人惊叹地 interesting→ interestingly有趣地
surprising→ surprisingly令人惊讶地 increasing→ increasingly令人惊讶地
6.以-ed结尾形容词直接加-ly
excited→ excitedly兴奋地 repeated→repeatedly 反复地
hurried→ hurriedly匆忙地 admit→admittedly 无可否认地
7.以-le结尾的形容词去e加-ly
gentle→gently 温和地 simple→simply仅仅；简直
possible→possibly 可能地 comfortable→ comfortably 舒适地
易错提醒：whole-wholly全部地
8.以-e结尾的形容词直接加-ly
definite→definitely明确地 extreme→extremely极其
fortunate→fortunately幸运地 complete→completely完全地
accurate→accurately准确地 appropriate→appropriately适当地
deliberate→deliberately故意地 desperate→desperately绝望地
易错提醒：true-truly真实地
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。
1.(2025全国一卷)…it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
2.(2025全国一卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s…
3.(2025全国一卷)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
4.(2025全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.
5.(2025全国一卷)Go is one of the earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
6.(2025全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.
7.(2025全国一卷) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal.” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
8.(2025全国一卷)Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.
9.(2025全国二卷) “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says.
10.(2025全国二卷)You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
11.(2025全国二卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after having a wake-up call.
12.(2025全国二卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this good.
13.(2025全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang…where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range…
14.(2024新课标I卷)These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
15.(2024新课标I卷)In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.
16.(2024新课标II卷)He ran a six-month training project.
17.(2024新课标II卷)Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
18.(2024新课标II卷) “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost…
19.(2024新课标II卷)It cuts the farm-to-table distance.
20.(2024新课标II卷)It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
01 容易混淆形容词
1.respectful/ respectable/respective
respectful: adj 尊敬的
respectable: adj 值得尊敬的
respective: adj.各自的
We should be respectful to the old.我们应该对老人持尊敬态度。
Yuan Longping is a respectable scientist. He has devoted all his life to rice research.
袁隆平是一位值得尊敬的科学家，他毕生致力于水稻研究。
Parents should respect their children's respective interests.
父母应该尊重孩子们各自的兴趣。
2.alone/ lonely
alone: adv独自，单独
lonely:adj 寂寞的，孤独的
She lives alone but she doesn't feel lonely.她一个人住，但是她并不觉得孤单。
For your safety, you'd better not go out alone at night. 为了你的安全起见，夜晚你最好不要单独出门。
The homeless cat is very lonely. 这个流浪猫非常的孤独。
3.different/ indifferent
different: adj,不同的,有区别的
indifferent: adj.漠不关心的
People usually have different opinions with a problem.
对于一个问题，人们通常会持不同的意见。
We shouldn't be indifferent with environment and energy problems.
我们不应该对环境和能源问题漠不关心。
4.confident/confidential
confident: adj自信的，有信心的
confidential: adj.机密的,保密的
Raise your head! Be confident!抬起头，自信点！
These files are highly confidential,so we must keep them well.这些文件都是高级机密，所以我们务必要保存好。
5. sensitive/ sensible
sensitive: adj.敏感的
sensible: adj.明智的，理智的
Anna is sensitive about her weight.安娜很介意别人说她的体重。
In spring, taking an umbrella with you is sensible.在春天,随身携带一把雨伞是明智的。
6.dead/ deadly/dying
dead: adj.死的，失去生命的
deadly: adj.致命的,致死的
dying: adj. 垂死的
The mother is sad for her dead child.妈妈为她死去的孩子感到伤心。
It's known that Aids and some kinds of cancer are deadly diseases.
众所周知，艾滋病和一些癌症是致命的疾病。
The plant is dying because it hasn’t been watered for weeks.这株植物因几周没浇水而濒临枯死。
7.lively/ alive/living
lively: adj.活泼的，有活力，生动的
alive: adj.活着的，有活力的，作表语，后置定语或宾补
living: adj.活着的，有生命的，作表语、定语
I love my math teacher because her classes are always lively.我喜欢数学老师，因为她的课堂一直都很生动。
He is the only man alive in the car accident.他是车祸中唯一活着的人。
Yang Zhenlin is one of the greatest living scientists.杨振宁是仍然还健在的最伟大的科学家之一。
8.asleep/ sleepy
asleep: adj.睡着的
sleepy: adj.瞌睡的，昏昏欲睡的
The boy was asleep in the English class.上英语课的时候，这个男孩睡着了。
The boy was so sleepy that he can hardly open his eyes.男孩非常困，眼睛都要睁不开了。
9.considerate/considerable
considerate: adj.考虑周到的，体贴的
considerable: adj.相当多的
We shouldn't be selfish all the time. Sometimes we have to be considerate.
我们不能一直自私，有时我们要考虑到他人。
Studying abroad have cost her parents a considerable amount of money and time.
出国留学花费了她父母相当多的时间和金钱。
10.economic/ economical
economic: adj.经济的
economical: adj.节约的，实惠的，经济适用的
Some people hold that the electric vehicles are more economical.一些人认为电动汽车更加经济实惠。
Some travelers to the red-eye flights because they are economical.一些游客会选择红眼航班，因为更实惠。
02 易混形容词副词
1.so/such
so: adv 如此；太 （修饰形容词、副词或动词）
such: adj 这样的，如此的 （修饰名词）
The task was so difficult that nobody finished it on time.这项任务太难了，没人按时完成。
They told such an interesting story that we all laughed.他们讲了一个如此有趣的故事，我们都笑了。
2.good/well
good: adj 好的，好样的 （作定语或表语）
well: adv 好的 （修饰动词、形容词作状语）
She is a good singer and performs on stage every week.她是个优秀的歌手，每周都在舞台上表演。
He listens well in class and always gets high grades.他上课认真听讲，总是取得高分。
3.many/much
many: adj 很多的，许多的（修饰复数名词）
much: adj很多的，许多的（修饰不可数名词）
There are many birds singing loudly in the ancient forest.古老的森林里有许多鸟儿在高声歌唱。
I don’t have much money left after paying the bills.付完账单后，我剩下的钱不多了。
4.few/little
few: adj 一些；少的（修饰复数名词）
little: adj一些；少的（修饰不可数名词）
Few people understand the complicated theory without training.未经训练，很少有人能理解这个复杂的理论。
There is little water in the bottle; we need to buy some.瓶子里几乎没有水了，我们得买些水。
03 两种形式的副词
1.deep/deeply
deep: 在深处，深深地（本义，不带感彩）
deeply:深深地（引申义，带有感彩）
They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。
He was deeply wounded by his son's comments.他被他儿子的评论深深地刺伤了。
2.high/highly
high:高高地（本义，不带感彩）
highly: 高度地（引申义，带有感彩）
An eagle circled high overhead. 一只鹰在头顶上空盘旋。
Daphne thought highly of the school. 达夫妮对那所学校评价很高。
3.close/closely
close: 在深处，深深地（本义，不带感彩） 　
closely: 密切地；仔细地（引申义，带有感彩）
They sat close together . 他们紧挨着坐在一起。
I sat and watched everyone very closely. 我坐着仔细观察每一个人。
4.wide/widely
wide : 大地；宽地
widely: 广泛地
He stood with his legs wide apart . 他站在那里，两腿叉开。
The idea is now widely accepted.这个思想现在已普遍接受。
5.late/lately
late: 迟地，晚地
lately: 最近；近来
The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三天。　
I haven't been sleeping well lately. 我最近一直睡不好觉。　
6.hard/hardly
hard: 努力地；用功地 　
hardly:几乎不
Don't hit it so hard! 别这么用力打！
I can hardly keep my eyes open. 我困得都快睁不开眼了。　
7.most/mostly
most: 最多，最 　
mostly: 大部分地；主要地
He runs most quickly among all the athletes.
在所有运动员中，他跑得最快。
The project is mostly finished, just some details left.
项目大部分已完成，只剩一些细节。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Nothing can be more fascinating than a smile, which can produce hope in even ________ situations.
A. objective B. subjective C. optimistic D. desperate
2. In today’s fast changing and competitive world, to be able to learn faster and more effectively is not merely desirable; it is ________.
A. essential B. worthwhile C. challenging D. sufficient
3. She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges.
A. resourceful B. substantial C. passive D. ethnic
4. As far as I’m concerned, you should tell the truth to Jane; I believe she is ________ enough to understand you.
A. upset B. innocent C. mature D. ambitious
5. Local governments have introduced a(n) recycling program that has significantly reduced waste in the community within six months.
A. attractive B. fascinating C. effective D. convenient
01 副词的种类
类别 功能 典型例子 说明
时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 now现在yesterday昨天already已经 可放句首、句中或句尾
地点副词 表示动作发生的地点 here这里home回家abroad在国外 多放句尾
方式副词 表示动作的方式 quickly快速地地carefully仔细地 多由形容词+ ly 构成
程度副词 表示动作/状态程度 very非常quite相当hardly几乎不 修饰形容词/副词/动词
频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 always总是sometimes有时never从不 be 动词后、实义动词前
疑问副词 用于提问 how如何when何时where何地why为何 引导特殊疑问句
连接副词 连接句子 / 从句 however然而therefore因此besides此外 起过渡或逻辑连接作用
情态副词 表示推测或态度 maybe也许certainly当然probably可能 多修饰整个句子
She will call you tomorrow morning. （时间副词）
她明天早上会给你打电话。
I looked everywhere but couldn’t find my keys. （地点副词）
我到处找，但没找到钥匙。
She spoke slowly so everyone could understand. （方式副词）
她放慢语速，好让大家都能听懂。
This problem is extremely difficult for beginners. （程度副词）
这个问题对初学者来说极其困难。
He seldom watches TV because he’s busy studying. （频度副词）
他很少看电视，因为忙着学习。
How can we solve this problem （疑问副词）
我们该如何解决这个问题？
She was ill; therefore, she couldn’t attend the party. （连接副词）
她生病了，因此没能参加聚会。
Luckily, no one was injured in the accident. （情态）
幸运的是，事故中无人受伤。
02 形容词化的分词
英语中由现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）演变而来的形容词，容易混淆。
1.-ing形容词表示“令人……”，如interesting adj.令人有趣的；表示“正在……”speeding adj.正在加速的；表示“即将……”，如retiring adj.即将退休。
His amusing jokes made the whole room laugh.他那些逗趣的笑话让满屋子人都笑了。
Police caught the escaping thief in the alley.警察在小巷里抓住了那个正在逃跑的小偷。
2.-ed形容词表示“感到……”，如interested adj.感到有趣的；表示“已经……”，如retired adj.已经退休的；表示“受到/被……”，wounded adj.受伤的。
The disappointed fans left the stadium early.那些感到失望的球迷早早离开了体育场。
We visited a deserted village with broken old houses.我们参观了一个已经废弃、满是破屋的村庄。
The damaged bridge will be repaired next month.那座受损的桥梁将于下月修复。
【跟踪训练】用括号中所给词的正确形容词形式填空(-ed或-ing)
1.The __________ (disappoint) look on his face showed he didn't get the gift he wanted.
2.After hours of solving math problems, the students felt completely __________ (exhaust).
3.We need to help the __________ (wound) animals in the earthquake area immediately.
4.The __________ (terrify) horror movie kept me awake all night.
5.As a __________ (retire) principal, Mr. Brown now enjoys gardening.
6.The __________ (confuse) instructions made everyone do the experiment wrong.
7.She was __________ (amaze) by the __________ (breathe take) view of the mountains.
8.The __________ (frighten) child hid behind the door during the thunderstorm.
9.Climate change is an __________ (alarm) problem that requires action.
10.The __________ (retire) director will give his farewell speech next Monday.
(
形容词副词（1）
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
3.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ____________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish).
5.（2021新课标II卷）I was so ____________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
6. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
7. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
8. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset.
9. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
10.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
11.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English.
12.（2023全国甲卷） 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
13.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
14.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens.
15.（2022新课标II卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ____________ (sleep) while watching TV.
16.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
17.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
18.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____________ (day) routines.
19.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
20.（2020新课标卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, ____________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
21.（2020全国I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ____________ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
22.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ____________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
23.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're____________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible.
二、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one.
3.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
4.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
5.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
6.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
7.（2021北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
8.（2021浙江1月卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ____________ (sharp).
9.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
10.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
11.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
12.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
13.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging.
14.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ____________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
15.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
三、形容词副词与语法填空
（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
Dear Ben,
I have known what happened to you from your letter. Your best friend told everyone else your complaints about your teammate’s bad 1 (perform), which made you 2 (embarrass) and ashamed. You are totally 3 a mess now. Here is 4 you should do.
Firstly, apologise to your teammate. You need to work together 5 (win) more basketball games, which means clear communication and conflicts resolution. So tell him 6 (direct) and honestly that you were talking without thinking.
Secondly, talk to your friend. Tell him you’re angry with him for 7 (repeat) what you said, but that you value your friendship and want to move on. Dealt with in this way, your friendship will soon 8 (repair).
Thirdly, and most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you are angry. 9 (fill) with anger, you may say whatever comes to your mind. You can raise your concerns with your coach if a member is not pulling 10 (he) weight. Always remember: think first, speak later.
试卷第1页，共3页
1中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题23 形容词副词1
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
形容词句法功能
【知能解读02】
副词句法功能
【知能解读03】
反身代词用法
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】合成形容词
【重难点突破0
2
】名词+后缀变形容词
【重难点突破0
3
】动词+后缀变形容词
【重难点突破0
4
】形容词+后缀变副词
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】容易混淆形容词
【易混易错0
2
】易混形容词副词
【易混易错0
3
】
两种形式的副词
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展0
1
】副词的种类
【用法拓展0
2
】形容词化的分词
)
01形容词句法功能
1.形容词作表语
形容词放在连系词(be,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,get,become,grow,keep,appear,turn,seem 等)之后作表语，表示主语的性质、特点等。
He got angry when he heard the news.
听到这个消息，他生气了。
Her advice proved helpful in the end.
她的建议最终证明是有用的。
易错提醒：某些以a- 开头的形容词常作表语：
alone单独的；asleep睡着的；afraid害怕的；awake醒着的；aware有意识的；ashamed羞愧的；alive活着的。
2.形容词作定语
形容词放在名词之前作前置定语或复合不定代词之后作后置定语。
If you live a healthy life,your memory will work better.
如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。
There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。
易错题型：多个形容词修饰同一名词的排列顺序
限定词—描绘性—大小长短高矮—新旧—颜色—国籍—材料—用途
记忆口诀：县（限）--官（观）-行（形）- 令（龄）-宴（颜）-国--才（材）
限定词 + 大小 + 形状 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 材料 + 名词
a small round red Chinese wooden table一张红色的中国小圆形木桌
限定词 + 数量 + 新旧 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 用途 + 名词
three old brown French military cars三辆棕色的法国旧军用车
物主代词 + 大小 + 年龄 + 颜色 + 材料 + 名词
her large new black leather bag她的那个黑色大新皮包
指示代词 + 长短 + 形状 + 国籍 + 名词
this long square American building这栋美国的方形长建筑
3.形容词作状语
形容词位于句首或句末作状语，常用逗号与其他部分隔开，表示原因、伴随或结果等。
She was lying in bed,wide awake.(表伴随)
她在床上躺着，十分清醒。
Hungry and tired,I have to stop to have a rest.(原因状语)
又饿又累，我不得不停下来休息。
We arrived home very late, safe and sound.(表结果)
我们很晚才到家，安然无恙。
4.形容词作补足语
在“with+名词+形容词”构成的复合结构或keep、find、make等动词接形容词作宾语补足语（被动语态被称为主语补足语）说明宾语的性质、状态 、特征等。
They keep the classroom clean every day.
他们每天保持教室干净。
They walked along the street with their hands full of shopping bags.
他们沿街走着，手里满是购物袋。
02副词句法功能
1.副词作状语
副词在句中主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子等。
He spoke too loudly in the library. 他在图书馆里说话太大声。
Fortunately, we caught the last bus.幸运的是，我们赶上了末班车。
2.副词作定语
副词作定语时通常后置，修饰名词，多表示时间、地点等。
The people here are very kind. 这里的人们很友善。
The rooms upstairs need cleaning.楼上的房间需要打扫。
3.副词作表语
on, over, up, down, away等少数副词（主要是表示地点或状态的副词）可位于系动词后作表语，说明主语的位置或状态。
His favorite TV show is on tonight. 他最爱的电视节目今晚播出。
The old man was alone in the house. 那位老人独自一人在家。
4.副词作宾语补足语
副词作宾语补足语时，补充说明宾语的位置、状态或动作趋向，使句子意义更完整。
He left the lights on when he left. 他离开时让灯亮着。
We found the cat upstairs in the bedroom. 我们发现猫在楼上卧室里。
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。
1. He had an (amaze) look on his face when seeing the breathtaking scenery in the countryside.
1. amazed
解析：考查形容词。句意：当看到乡村令人惊叹的景色时，他脸上露出了惊讶的表情。空处修饰名词 look，应用形容词；amaze的形容词形式有amazing，表“令人惊讶的”和amazed，表“感到惊讶的”，此处描述人“感到惊讶的”表情，应用amazed。故填amazed。
2. So (impress) is the scenery of Jiuzhaigou that it has left a lasting impression on visitors from home and abroad.
2. impressive
解析：考查形容词。句意：九寨沟的景色令人印象深刻，给国内外游客留下了持久的印象。此处为“so+形容词+that...”句型的倒装形式，即“so+形容词+be+主语+that...”，空处需用形容词作表语，描述主语the scenery of Jiuzhaigou，impress为动词，意为“给……留下深刻印象”，其形容词形式是impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。
3. I was asked to introduce myself in English, but I was too nervous to speak, which made me quite (embarrass).
3. embarrassed
解析：考查形容词。句意：我被要求用英语介绍自己，但我太紧张了，说不出话来，这让我很尴尬。空处需用形容词作宾语补足语，构成“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，此处表示“使感到尴尬的”，需用-ed形容词embarrassed，表示人的感受。故填embarrassed。
4. He lowered his head and found that there was nothing left on the carpet, (astonish) and embarrassed.
4. astonished
解析：考查形容词。句意：他低下头，发现地毯上什么都没有了，既惊讶又尴尬。空处与形容词embarrassed并列，作伴随状语，描述主语He的感受，应用描述人心理状态的-ed形式的形容词astonished，表示“感到惊讶的”。故填astonished。
5. (delight) to know that you will visit us next month, I can’t wait to extend my warm welcome.
5. Delighted
解析：考查形容词。句意：得知你下个月要来看我们，我很高兴，迫不及待地想向你表示热烈的欢迎。设空处应填形容词作状语，表示主语“I”的状态，应填v-ed形式的形容词delighted，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Delighted。
01 合成形容词
1.形容词/副词+现在分词
easy-going 随和的 good-looking 相貌好看的
hard-working 勤劳的 long-standing 长期存在的
far-reaching 深远的 long-lasting 耐用的
long-standing 由来已久的 never-ending 没完没了的
smooth-talking花言巧语的 well-meaning 好心好意的
2.副词+过去分词
low-paid 低工资的 well-known 众所周知的，著名的
poorly-written 写得很差的 good-tempered脾气好的
grey-haired 头发灰白的 hand-picked 精选的
3.名词+现在分词
time-consuming耗时的 labor-saving 节省劳力的
record-breaking创纪录的 labor-saving 节省劳动力的
man-eating 吃人的 mouth-watering令人垂涎的
4.名词+过去分词
heart-broken 极其伤心的 hand-held 便携式的
hand-picked 精选的 home-made 家里制作的
left-handed 惯用左手的 mass-produced批量生产的
middle-aged 中年的 right-angled 直角的
5.形容词/数词+名词
full-time 全职的 white-collar 白领阶层的
first-rate 一流的 high-speed 高速
five-year 五年期的 second-hand 二手的
6.形容词/数词+名词+ ed
absent-minded 心不在焉的 kind-hearted 仁慈的
four-legged 四条腿的 white-haired 白发的
7.数词+名词+形容词
five-year-old 五岁大的 three-meter-long 三米长的
8.其他合成形容词
built-in 内置的 grown-up 成人的，成熟的
face-to-face 面对面的 heart-to-heart 坦诚的，推心置腹的
life-and-death 生死攸关的 up-to-date 最新的，新式的
down-to-earth切合实际的 wait-and-see 观望的
02名词+后缀变形容词
1. 名词+y
anger →angry 生气的 hunger→hungry饿的
ice→icyy 结冰的 fur→furry 毛皮的
guilt →guilty 内疚的 health→healthy 健康的
易错题型：sunny晴朗的 muddy泥泞的 foggy有雾的
2.名词+ ed
balance→balanced 平衡的 spot → spotted 有斑点的
gift →gifted 有天赋的 talent→talented 有天赋的
crowd→ crowded 拥挤的
3.名词+ ful/less
meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的
pain →painful 痛苦的 beauty →beautiful 美丽的
wonder →wonderful 极好的 fear→ fearless 不怕的
4.名词+ able
fashion→ fashionable 时尚的 comfort→comfortable 舒适的
profit→ profitable 有利可图的 reason→reasonable合理的
易错提醒：knowledge→knowledgeable博学的
5.名词+ ous
courage→courageous 勇敢的 danger→dangerous 危险的
mystery →mysterious 神秘的 fame →famous 著名的
poison→poisonous 有毒的 humor→humorous 幽默地
6. -ce变成-t结尾的形容词
innocence →innocent 无辜的 evidence →evident 显然的
ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 patience→patient 有耐心的
7. -al 结尾的形容词
addition→additional 附加的 class→classical 经典的
medicine →medical 医学的 music→musical 音乐的
grammar→grammatical 语法的 globe→global 全球的
agriculture→agricultural 农业的 culture→cultural 文化的
8.-ly结尾的形容词
friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的
day →daily 每日的 month →monthly 每月的
9.-en结尾的形容词
wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的
gold →golden 金子般的
10. 学科名词加cal变成形容词
chemistry →chemical 化学的 physics →physical 身体的
politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的
11.-cial结尾的形容词
race→ racial 种族的 face→ facial 面部的
commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的
benefit →beneficial 有益处的
11.其他名词变形容词
energy→energetic 精力充沛的 strategy→strategic 战略的
self→selfish 自私的 wisdom→wise 明智的
height →high 高的 science→scientific 科学的
03动词+后缀变形容词
1.动词+-ful结尾
thank → thankful 感激的 forget → forgetful 健忘的
regret→regretful 后悔的 cheer→cheerful 快乐的
2.动词+-ed结尾
please → pleased 高兴的 unite → united 联合的
excite → excited 激动的 surprise → surprised惊讶的
organize → organized 有组织的 close → closed 封闭的
3.动词+-ing结尾
interest → interesting 有趣的 surprise → surprising 令人惊讶
excite → exciting 令人兴奋的 develop → developing 发展中的
4.动词+-ble结尾
know → knowledgeable 博学的 adjust → adjustable 可调整的
accept→acceptable 可接受的 respect→respectable 体面的
易错提醒：change →changeable易变的noticeable显而易见的
5.动词+-ive结尾
create→creative有创造力的 impress→impressive令人印象深刻的
explode→explosive易爆的 protect→protective保护的
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It was my father who taught me how to face difficult and (challenge) situations in the future.
1. challenging
解析：考查形容词。句意：是父亲教我如何面对未来的困难和具有挑战性的局面。根据空后的名词situations可知，此处需用形容词与difficult并列作定语，challenge为动词或名词，作动词时意为“挑战”，作名词时意为“挑战”，其形容词形式是challenging，意为“具有挑战性的”。故填challenging。
2. It is true that the dog is the most useful and (faith) animal in the world.
2. faithful
解析：考查形容词。句意：的确，狗是世界上最有用且最忠诚的动物。本空与useful并列，修饰名词animal，作前置定语，用形容词faithful“忠诚的”。故填faithful。
3. The hurricane caused (destroy) damage to the coastal towns, leaving thousands homeless.
3. destructive
解析：考查形容词。句意：飓风对沿海城镇造成了破坏性破坏，使数千人无家可归。空格处修饰名词damage，需用形容词形式。destroy的形容词为destructive，意为“破坏性的”。故填destructive。
4. The (origin) version of this story was much longer than the one we read today.
4. original
解析：考查形容词。句意：这个故事的原始版本比我们今天所读的版本要长得多。修饰名词version用形容词original，作定语。故填original。
5. Some straw even can be made into beautiful and eye-catching (function) artworks by craftsmen.
5. functional
解析：考查形容词。句意：一些稻草甚至可以由工匠制作成美观且吸引人的实用艺术品。设空处作定语修饰名词artworks，要用形容词。function的形容词直接在词尾加-al，故填functional。
04 形容词+后缀变副词
1.一般形容词直接加-ly
careful→carefully小心地 beautiful→beautifully(美丽地
strong→strongly 强烈地 exact→exactly精确地
2.以-y 结尾的形容词变y为i 加-ly
happy→happily快乐地 heavy→heavily沉重地
angry→angrily生气地 busy→busily忙碌地
易错提醒：shy→shyly害羞地
3.以-ic结尾的词形容词加-ally
basic→basically 基本上 tragic→tragically悲剧性地
scientific→scientifically 科学上 enthusiastic→enthusiastically热情地
易错提醒：public-publicly
4.以-ll结尾形容词只须加- y
full→fully充分地 dull→dully枯燥地
5.以-ing结尾形容词直接加-ly
amazing→ amazingly令人惊叹地 interesting→ interestingly有趣地
surprising→ surprisingly令人惊讶地 increasing→ increasingly令人惊讶地
6.以-ed结尾形容词直接加-ly
excited→ excitedly兴奋地 repeated→repeatedly 反复地
hurried→ hurriedly匆忙地 admit→admittedly 无可否认地
7.以-le结尾的形容词去e加-ly
gentle→gently 温和地 simple→simply仅仅；简直
possible→possibly 可能地 comfortable→ comfortably 舒适地
易错提醒：whole-wholly全部地
8.以-e结尾的形容词直接加-ly
definite→definitely明确地 extreme→extremely极其
fortunate→fortunately幸运地 complete→completely完全地
accurate→accurately准确地 appropriate→appropriately适当地
deliberate→deliberately故意地 desperate→desperately绝望地
易错提醒：true-truly真实地
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。
1.(2025全国一卷)…it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
2.(2025全国一卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s…
3.(2025全国一卷)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
4.(2025全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.
5.(2025全国一卷)Go is one of the earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
6.(2025全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.
7.(2025全国一卷) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal.” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
8.(2025全国一卷)Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.
9.(2025全国二卷) “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says.
10.(2025全国二卷)You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
11.(2025全国二卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after having a wake-up call.
12.(2025全国二卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this good.
13.(2025全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang…where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range…
14.(2024新课标I卷)These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
15.(2024新课标I卷)In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.
16.(2024新课标II卷)He ran a six-month training project.
17.(2024新课标II卷)Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
18.(2024新课标II卷) “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost…
19.(2024新课标II卷)It cuts the farm-to-table distance.
20.(2024新课标II卷)It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
【参考答案】
1.energy-related与能源相关的
2.ninth-grade九年级的
3.health-related与健康相关的
4.personal-narrative个人叙事的；creative-writing创意写作的
5.binary-based基于二元的
6.cutting-edge前沿的；
7.long-term长期的
8.harbor-side港口边的
9.plant-rich植物丰富的
10.feel-good令人愉悦的
11. 65-year-old65 岁的
12. well-liked深受喜爱的
13.free-range散养的
14.eye-catching引人注目的
15.two-volume两卷的
16.six-month六个月的
17.well-surfaced路面良好的
18.one-minute一分钟的；three-minute三分钟的；five-minute五分钟的
19.farm-to-table从农场到餐桌的
20.down-to-earth脚踏实地的；务实的
01 容易混淆形容词
1.respectful/ respectable/respective
respectful: adj 尊敬的
respectable: adj 值得尊敬的
respective: adj.各自的
We should be respectful to the old.我们应该对老人持尊敬态度。
Yuan Longping is a respectable scientist. He has devoted all his life to rice research.
袁隆平是一位值得尊敬的科学家，他毕生致力于水稻研究。
Parents should respect their children's respective interests.
父母应该尊重孩子们各自的兴趣。
2.alone/ lonely
alone: adv独自，单独
lonely:adj 寂寞的，孤独的
She lives alone but she doesn't feel lonely.她一个人住，但是她并不觉得孤单。
For your safety, you'd better not go out alone at night. 为了你的安全起见，夜晚你最好不要单独出门。
The homeless cat is very lonely. 这个流浪猫非常的孤独。
3.different/ indifferent
different: adj,不同的,有区别的
indifferent: adj.漠不关心的
People usually have different opinions with a problem.
对于一个问题，人们通常会持不同的意见。
We shouldn't be indifferent with environment and energy problems.
我们不应该对环境和能源问题漠不关心。
4.confident/confidential
confident: adj自信的，有信心的
confidential: adj.机密的,保密的
Raise your head! Be confident!抬起头，自信点！
These files are highly confidential,so we must keep them well.这些文件都是高级机密，所以我们务必要保存好。
5. sensitive/ sensible
sensitive: adj.敏感的
sensible: adj.明智的，理智的
Anna is sensitive about her weight.安娜很介意别人说她的体重。
In spring, taking an umbrella with you is sensible.在春天,随身携带一把雨伞是明智的。
6.dead/ deadly/dying
dead: adj.死的，失去生命的
deadly: adj.致命的,致死的
dying: adj. 垂死的
The mother is sad for her dead child.妈妈为她死去的孩子感到伤心。
It's known that Aids and some kinds of cancer are deadly diseases.
众所周知，艾滋病和一些癌症是致命的疾病。
The plant is dying because it hasn’t been watered for weeks.这株植物因几周没浇水而濒临枯死。
7.lively/ alive/living
lively: adj.活泼的，有活力，生动的
alive: adj.活着的，有活力的，作表语，后置定语或宾补
living: adj.活着的，有生命的，作表语、定语
I love my math teacher because her classes are always lively.我喜欢数学老师，因为她的课堂一直都很生动。
He is the only man alive in the car accident.他是车祸中唯一活着的人。
Yang Zhenlin is one of the greatest living scientists.杨振宁是仍然还健在的最伟大的科学家之一。
8.asleep/ sleepy
asleep: adj.睡着的
sleepy: adj.瞌睡的，昏昏欲睡的
The boy was asleep in the English class.上英语课的时候，这个男孩睡着了。
The boy was so sleepy that he can hardly open his eyes.男孩非常困，眼睛都要睁不开了。
9.considerate/considerable
considerate: adj.考虑周到的，体贴的
considerable: adj.相当多的
We shouldn't be selfish all the time. Sometimes we have to be considerate.
我们不能一直自私，有时我们要考虑到他人。
Studying abroad have cost her parents a considerable amount of money and time.
出国留学花费了她父母相当多的时间和金钱。
10.economic/ economical
economic: adj.经济的
economical: adj.节约的，实惠的，经济适用的
Some people hold that the electric vehicles are more economical.一些人认为电动汽车更加经济实惠。
Some travelers to the red-eye flights because they are economical.一些游客会选择红眼航班，因为更实惠。
02 易混形容词副词
1.so/such
so: adv 如此；太 （修饰形容词、副词或动词）
such: adj 这样的，如此的 （修饰名词）
The task was so difficult that nobody finished it on time.这项任务太难了，没人按时完成。
They told such an interesting story that we all laughed.他们讲了一个如此有趣的故事，我们都笑了。
2.good/well
good: adj 好的，好样的 （作定语或表语）
well: adv 好的 （修饰动词、形容词作状语）
She is a good singer and performs on stage every week.她是个优秀的歌手，每周都在舞台上表演。
He listens well in class and always gets high grades.他上课认真听讲，总是取得高分。
3.many/much
many: adj 很多的，许多的（修饰复数名词）
much: adj很多的，许多的（修饰不可数名词）
There are many birds singing loudly in the ancient forest.古老的森林里有许多鸟儿在高声歌唱。
I don’t have much money left after paying the bills.付完账单后，我剩下的钱不多了。
4.few/little
few: adj 一些；少的（修饰复数名词）
little: adj一些；少的（修饰不可数名词）
Few people understand the complicated theory without training.未经训练，很少有人能理解这个复杂的理论。
There is little water in the bottle; we need to buy some.瓶子里几乎没有水了，我们得买些水。
03 两种形式的副词
1.deep/deeply
deep: 在深处，深深地（本义，不带感彩）
deeply:深深地（引申义，带有感彩）
They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。
He was deeply wounded by his son's comments.他被他儿子的评论深深地刺伤了。
2.high/highly
high:高高地（本义，不带感彩）
highly: 高度地（引申义，带有感彩）
An eagle circled high overhead. 一只鹰在头顶上空盘旋。
Daphne thought highly of the school. 达夫妮对那所学校评价很高。
3.close/closely
close: 在深处，深深地（本义，不带感彩） 　
closely: 密切地；仔细地（引申义，带有感彩）
They sat close together . 他们紧挨着坐在一起。
I sat and watched everyone very closely. 我坐着仔细观察每一个人。
4.wide/widely
wide : 大地；宽地
widely: 广泛地
He stood with his legs wide apart . 他站在那里，两腿叉开。
The idea is now widely accepted.这个思想现在已普遍接受。
5.late/lately
late: 迟地，晚地
lately: 最近；近来
The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三天。　
I haven't been sleeping well lately. 我最近一直睡不好觉。　
6.hard/hardly
hard: 努力地；用功地 　
hardly:几乎不
Don't hit it so hard! 别这么用力打！
I can hardly keep my eyes open. 我困得都快睁不开眼了。　
7.most/mostly
most: 最多，最 　
mostly: 大部分地；主要地
He runs most quickly among all the athletes.
在所有运动员中，他跑得最快。
The project is mostly finished, just some details left.
项目大部分已完成，只剩一些细节。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Nothing can be more fascinating than a smile, which can produce hope in even ________ situations.
A. objective B. subjective C. optimistic D. desperate
1. D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比微笑更能吸引人的了，微笑甚至能在最绝望的情况下带来希望。A. objective客观的；B. subjective主观的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. desperate绝望的。根据句意，特别是在“产生希望”这一表述的上下文中，可以推断微笑具有在看似无望的情境中激发希望的力量。“desperate”能准确表达微笑在极端负面环境中的作用，与“产生希望”形成强烈对比。故选D。
2. In today’s fast changing and competitive world, to be able to learn faster and more effectively is not merely desirable; it is ________.
A. essential B. worthwhile C. challenging D. sufficient
2. A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今瞬息万变、竞争激烈的世界里，能够更快、更有效地学习不仅是可取的；更是至关重要的。A. essential必不可少的、极其重要的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. sufficient足够的。根据句意可知，根据“In today’s fast changing and competitive world”可知，在瞬息万变、竞争激烈的世界里能够快速、高效学习是很重要的；此处为形容词essential“必不可少的、极其重要的”，满足句意要求。故选A项。
3. She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges.
A. resourceful B. substantial C. passive D. ethnic
3. A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她为项目挑战找到创造性的解决方案时，她证明了自己非常足智多谋。A. resourceful足智多谋的；B. substantial大量的；C. passive被动的；D. ethnic种族的。结合“when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges”可知，空格处应表达“足智多谋的”，故用resourceful，作表语。故选A。
4. As far as I’m concerned, you should tell the truth to Jane; I believe she is ________ enough to understand you.
A. upset B. innocent C. mature D. ambitious
4. C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，你应该对简说实话；我相信她足够成熟，能够理解你。A. upset不安的；B. innocent清白无罪的；C. mature成熟的；D. ambitious有野心的。由“understand you”可知，句子表示“她足够成熟，能够理解你”，空格处意为“成熟的”，故选C。
5. Local governments have introduced a(n) recycling program that has significantly reduced waste in the community within six months.
A. attractive B. fascinating C. effective D. convenient
5. C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：地方政府推出了一项有效的回收计划，该计划在六个月内显著减少了社区内的垃圾。A. attractiv吸引人的；B. fascinating迷人的，引人入胜的；C. effectiv有效的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“has significantly reduced waste in the community within six months.”可知，地方政府推出了一项有效的回收计划。故选C。
01 副词的种类
类别 功能 典型例子 说明
时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 now现在yesterday昨天already已经 可放句首、句中或句尾
地点副词 表示动作发生的地点 here这里home回家abroad在国外 多放句尾
方式副词 表示动作的方式 quickly快速地地carefully仔细地 多由形容词+ ly 构成
程度副词 表示动作/状态程度 very非常quite相当hardly几乎不 修饰形容词/副词/动词
频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 always总是sometimes有时never从不 be 动词后、实义动词前
疑问副词 用于提问 how如何when何时where何地why为何 引导特殊疑问句
连接副词 连接句子 / 从句 however然而therefore因此besides此外 起过渡或逻辑连接作用
情态副词 表示推测或态度 maybe也许certainly当然probably可能 多修饰整个句子
She will call you tomorrow morning. （时间副词）
她明天早上会给你打电话。
I looked everywhere but couldn’t find my keys. （地点副词）
我到处找，但没找到钥匙。
She spoke slowly so everyone could understand. （方式副词）
她放慢语速，好让大家都能听懂。
This problem is extremely difficult for beginners. （程度副词）
这个问题对初学者来说极其困难。
He seldom watches TV because he’s busy studying. （频度副词）
他很少看电视，因为忙着学习。
How can we solve this problem （疑问副词）
我们该如何解决这个问题？
She was ill; therefore, she couldn’t attend the party. （连接副词）
她生病了，因此没能参加聚会。
Luckily, no one was injured in the accident. （情态）
幸运的是，事故中无人受伤。
02 形容词化的分词
英语中由现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）演变而来的形容词，容易混淆。
1.-ing形容词表示“令人……”，如interesting adj.令人有趣的；表示“正在……”speeding adj.正在加速的；表示“即将……”，如retiring adj.即将退休。
His amusing jokes made the whole room laugh.
他那些逗趣的笑话让满屋子人都笑了。
Police caught the escaping thief in the alley.
警察在小巷里抓住了那个正在逃跑的小偷。
2.-ed形容词表示“感到……”，如interested adj.感到有趣的；表示“已经……”，如retired adj.已经退休的；表示“受到/被……”，wounded adj.受伤的。
The disappointed fans left the stadium early.
那些感到失望的球迷早早离开了体育场。
We visited a deserted village with broken old houses.
我们参观了一个已经废弃、满是破屋的村庄。
The damaged bridge will be repaired next month.
那座受损的桥梁将于下月修复。
【跟踪训练】用括号中所给词的正确形容词形式填空(-ed或-ing)
1.The __________ (disappoint) look on his face showed he didn't get the gift he wanted.
2.After hours of solving math problems, the students felt completely __________ (exhaust).
3.We need to help the __________ (wound) animals in the earthquake area immediately.
4.The __________ (terrify) horror movie kept me awake all night.
5.As a __________ (retire) principal, Mr. Brown now enjoys gardening.
6.The __________ (confuse) instructions made everyone do the experiment wrong.
7.She was __________ (amaze) by the __________ (breathe take) view of the mountains.
8.The __________ (frighten) child hid behind the door during the thunderstorm.
9.Climate change is an __________ (alarm) problem that requires action.
10.The __________ (retire) director will give his farewell speech next Monday.
【参考答案】
1.disappointed 2.exhausted 3.wounded 4.terrifying 5.retired 6.confusing 7.amazed, breathtaking 8.frightened 9.alarming 10.retiring
(
形容词副词（1）
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
1. closed
解析：考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
2.existing
解析：考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。
3.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ____________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
3. sighted
解析：考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish).
4. astonished
解析：考查形容词。句意：很奇怪，不是吗？但大自然就是这样 —— 总是让我们惊叹不已。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。
5.（2021新课标II卷）I was so ____________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
5. excited
解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
6. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
6. strategic
解析：考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。
7. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
7. central
解析：考查形容词。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。
8. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset.
8. peaceful
解析：考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。
9. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
9. functional
解析：考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
10.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
10.tasty
解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
11.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English.
11.confident。
解析：考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
12.（2023全国甲卷） 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
12.Different
解析：考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
13.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
13.remarkable
解析：考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
14.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens.
14. spacious
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
15.（2022新课标II卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ____________ (sleep) while watching TV.
15. asleep
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
16.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
16. meaningful
解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
17.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
17. harmful
解析：考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
18.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____________ (day) routines.
18. daily
解析：句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。
19.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
19. financial
解析：句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
20.（2020新课标卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, ____________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
20. wealthy
解析：考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
21.（2020全国I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ____________ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
21. much
解析：考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
22.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ____________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
22. beautiful
解析：考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
23.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're____________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible.
23. lucky
解析：考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。
二、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
1. digitally
解析：考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one.
2.simply
解析：考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
3.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
3. originally
解析：考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
4.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
4. eventually
解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
5.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
5. accidentally
解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
6.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
6. undoubtedly
解析：考查副词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你登山后必须尝试的体验，它无疑能让你重新焕发活力！修饰动词help，用副词形式。
7.（2021北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
7. safely
解析：考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。
8.（2021浙江1月卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ____________ (sharp).
8.sharply
解析：考查副词。句意：但 30 年后，许多国家城乡居民的 BMI（身体质量指数）差异已大幅缩小。空处修饰谓语动词had narrowed，应用副词sharply。
9.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
9. gently
解析：句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
10.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
10.Basically
解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
11.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
11.rarely
解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
12.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
12. increasingly
解析：考查副词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。increasingly越来越多地，渐增地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。
13.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging.
13. extremely
解析：句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
14.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ____________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
14. Certainly
解析：考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
15.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
15. roughly
解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。
三、形容词副词与语法填空
（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
Dear Ben,
I have known what happened to you from your letter. Your best friend told everyone else your complaints about your teammate’s bad 1 (perform), which made you 2 (embarrass) and ashamed. You are totally 3 a mess now. Here is 4 you should do.
Firstly, apologise to your teammate. You need to work together 5 (win) more basketball games, which means clear communication and conflicts resolution. So tell him 6 (direct) and honestly that you were talking without thinking.
Secondly, talk to your friend. Tell him you’re angry with him for 7 (repeat) what you said, but that you value your friendship and want to move on. Dealt with in this way, your friendship will soon 8 (repair).
Thirdly, and most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you are angry. 9 (fill) with anger, you may say whatever comes to your mind. You can raise your concerns with your coach if a member is not pulling 10 (he) weight. Always remember: think first, speak later.
【答案】
1. performances 2. embarrassed 3. in 4. what 5. to win 6. directly 7. repeating 8. be repaired 9. Filled 10. his
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Agony Aunt给Ben回信，就他因抱怨队友被朋友宣扬出去而陷入困境一事给出建议。
1. 考查名词。句意：你最好的朋友把你对队友糟糕表现的抱怨告诉了其他人，这让你感到尴尬和羞愧。根据空前“your teammate’s bad”可知，空处需用名词performance“表现”，作介词的宾语，且此处需要复数形式表示泛指。故填performances。
2. 考查形容词。句意：你最好的朋友把你对队友糟糕表现的抱怨告诉了其他人，这让你感到尴尬和羞愧。根据空前“made you”可知，空处需用形容词embarrassed“尴尬的”作宾语补足语，表示人的感受。故填embarrassed。
3. 考查介词。句意：你现在完全一团糟。in a mess是固定短语，意为“一团糟”，符合语境。故填in。
4. 考查名词性从句。句意：以下是你应该做的。空处需用连接词引导名词性从句，从句谓语动词do缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
5. 考查动词不定式。句意：你们需要共同努力赢得更多的篮球比赛，这意味着清晰的沟通和冲突的解决。根据“work together”和“more basketball games”可知，共同努力的目的是赢得更多的比赛，所以空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to win。
6. 考查副词。句意：所以直接诚实地告诉他，你说话没有经过思考。根据空后“and honestly”可知，空处需用副词directly“直接地”作状语，修饰动词tell。故填directly。
7. 考查动名词。句意：告诉他你因为他重复你说的话而生他的气，但你很珍惜你们的友谊，想继续下去。根据空前介词for可知，空处需用动名词repeating作宾语。故填repeating。
8. 考查被动语态。句意：用这种方式处理，你们的友谊很快就会修复。根据空前“will soon”可知，空处需用动词原形；根据句意可知，repair和主语your friendship之间是被动关系，所以空处需用被动语态be repaired。故填be repaired。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当你充满愤怒时，你可能会说出任何你想说的话。本句已有谓语动词may say，且没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，be filled with“充满”，所以去掉be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。句首首字母需大写。故填Filled。
10. 考查代词。句意：如果一个成员没有尽到自己的责任，你可以向教练提出你的担忧。根据空前“a member”可知，空处需用形容词性物主代词his指代a member’s，修饰后面的名词。故填his。
试卷第1页，共3页
1

展开更多......

收起↑