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专题81 2025高考英语全国一卷词汇清单及对点练习（原卷版）
目录
第一部分：词性转换94例 1
第二部分：识词知意199例 4
第三部分：高频语块116例 9
第四部分：熟词生义14例 12
第五部分：真题填空97例 14
(
第一部分：词性转换
94
例
)
听力理解
1. favor n.恩惠→adj. _____________赞成的；有利的
2. education n.教育→adj. _____________教育的
3. document n.文档 →n. _____________ 纪录片
4. entertain vt.时娱乐→adj. _____________ 娱乐的
5. control vt.控制 →adj. _____________可控制的
阅读A篇
1. globe n. 地球；世界→adj. _____________全球的
2. power n. 力量；电力；权力 →adj. _____________强大的；强有力的
3. sustain vt. 维持；支撑；承受→ adj. _____________可持续的
4. exist v. 存在 →adj. _____________现有的
5. fortunate adj. 幸运的 →adv. _____________幸运地
6. analysis sing. 分析→pl. _____________分析
7. develop vt. 发展；开发 →n. _____________ 发展；开发
8. percent n. 百分比 →n. _____________ 百分比率
9. comparative adj. 相对的→adv. _____________相对地
10. consume vt.吃喝；消费 →n. _____________吃喝；消费
11. efficient adj.高效的 →n. _____________效率
12. afford vt.支付；承受的起→adj. _____________负担得起的
阅读B篇
1. necessary adj. 必要的→n. _____________必需品
2. simple adj. 简单的→adv. _____________简单地
3. persuade vt. 说服→adj. _____________有说服力的
4. assign vt. 分配→n. _____________任务、作业
5. fiction n. 小说、虚构→adj. _____________虚构的
6. limit vt. 限制→adj. _____________ 有限的
7. understand vt. 理解→ant. _____________误解
8. communicate vt.沟通→ n. _____________ 沟通
9. power n. 权力→adj. _____________ 强大的
10. mix vt. 混合→adj. _____________混合的
11. amaze vt. 使惊奇→adj. _____________令人惊奇的/_____________感到惊奇的
12. disturb vt. 打扰→adj. _____________令人不安的/_____________被打扰的
阅读C篇
1. improve v. 改善 →_____________n. 改善
2. mobile adj. 移动的→_____________ n. 流动性
3. neighbor n. 邻居 →_____________ n. 街区；社区
4. famous adj. 著名的→_____________adv. 著名地；极好地
5. Canada n. 加拿大→_____________ adj. 加拿大的n. 加拿大人
6. journal n. 期刊; 日志→_____________n. 新闻记者
7. propose v. 提议 →_____________ adj. 提议的
8. replace v. 取代 →_____________ n. 取代
9. complete adj. 完整的→_____________ adv. 完全地
10. different adj. 不同的→_____________ adv. 不同地
11. frequent adj. 频繁的→_____________ adv. 频繁地
12. destroy vt. 破坏 →_____________ n. 破坏
13. real adj.真正的→_____________ n. 现实
14. major adj. 主要的→_____________ n. 大多数
15. design v. 设计 →_____________v. 重新设计
16. owner n. 主人 →_____________ n. 所有权
17. culture n. 文化 →_____________ adj. 文化的
18. diverse adj. 多样的→_____________ n. 多样性
19. need n. 需求 →_____________ adj. 贫困的；缺乏的
20. access n.入口;机会→_____________ adj. 可进入的；可获得的
21. live vi.生活；居住 →_____________ adj. 宜居的
阅读D篇
1. pollute vt. 污染 →_____________n. 污染
2. significant adj. 重要的→_____________adv. 重要地
3. environment n. 环境→_____________ adj. 环境的
4. crucial adj. 关键的→_____________ adv. 关键地
5. additional adj. 额外的→_____________ adv. 额外地
6. previous adj. 先前的→_____________adv. 先前地
7. increasing adj. 日益增长的→_____________adv. 日益增长地
8. original adj. 原始的→_____________ adv. 原始地
9. harm n. 伤害→_____________adj. 有害的
10. treat vt. 对待/治疗 →_____________ n. 对待 / 治疗
11. hard adj. 坚硬的→_____________ n. 硬度
12. long adj. 长的→_____________ n. 长度
13. frequent adj. 频繁的→_____________ n. 频率
14. severe adj. 严重的→_____________n. 严重程度
15. difficult adj. 困难的→_____________ n. 困难
16. direct vt. 指导/导演 →_____________ n. 方向 / 指导
17. apply vt. 应用/申请 →_____________ n. 应用 / 申请
阅读七选五
1. exact adj. 精确的；准确的→ adv. _____________ 精确地；准确地；恰好
2. different adj. 不同的→n. _____________ 差别；差异；不同之处
3. cheer n. 欢呼；喝彩→ adj. _____________ 快乐的；高兴的；令人愉快的
完形填空
1. particular adj. 特定的；特别的→ adv. _____________特别；尤其
2. addition n. 增加；添加→adj. _____________额外的；附加的
3. happy adj. 快乐的；幸福的→adv. _____________ 快乐地；幸福地
4. value n. 价值；重要→ adj. _____________有价值的；贵重的
5. tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受→ adj. _____________ 可容忍的；尚好的
6. describe vt. 描述；描绘→ n. _____________ 描述；描写
7. contribute vt. 贡献；捐献→ n. _____________贡献；捐献物
语法填空
1. exhibit vt. 展览；显示→n. _____________展览品；展示会
2. origin n. 起源；出身→vi. _____________起源
3. east n. 东方；东部→adj. _____________东方的；向东的
4. concept n. 概念；观念→adj. _____________ 概念的
5. expression n.表情；短语→vt. _____________表现主义
6. guide vt. 引导；指导→n_____________指南；向导
7. visit vt. 访问；参观→n. _____________游客，访问者
8. personal adj. 个人的；私人的→n. _____________ 性格
9. weak adj. 虚弱的；薄弱的→n. _____________弱点
10. beautiful adj. 美丽的→n. _____________美丽
11. strategy n. 策略；战略→adj. _____________ 战略的
12. place vt. 放置 →n. _____________放置；布置
13. art n. 艺术→n. _____________艺术家
14. paint vt. 绘画→n_____________画作，绘画作品
15. digital adj. 数字的；数码的→adv. _____________数字化地
书面表达
1. gather vt. 采集；集合→_____________n. 聚会
2. expect vt. 期待；预料→_____________adv. 意外地
(
第二部分：识词知意96例
)
听力理解
1. unpack / n p k/ v. _____________
2. suitcase / su tke s/ n. _____________
3. volunteer / v l n t / n. _____________
4. pursue /p sju / v. _____________
5. crowded / kra d d/ adj. _____________
6. relative / rel t v/ n. _____________
7. celebrity /s lebr ti/ n. _____________
8. critical / kr t kl/ adj. _____________
9. diverse /da v s/ adj. _____________
10. coast /k st/ n. _____________
11. duration /dju re n/ n. _____________
阅读A篇
1. automobile / t m bi l/ n. _____________
2. emission /i m n/ n. _____________
3. decarbonize / di kɑ b na z/ v. _____________
4. particular /p t kj l r/ adj. _____________
5. transportation / tr nsp r te n/ n. _____________
6. quarter / kw rt r/ n. _____________
7. energy-related adj. _____________
8. breakdown / bre kda n/ n. _____________
9. mode /mo d/ n. _____________
10. vehicle / vi kl/ n. _____________
11. passenger / p s nd r/ n. _____________
12. shipping / p / n. _____________
13. fuel /fju l/ n. _____________v. _____________
14. lightweight / la twe t/ adj. _____________
15. specific /sp s f k/ adj. _____________
16. sector / sekt r/ n. _____________
17. aviation / e vi e n/ n. _____________
18. long-term / l t rm/ adj. _____________
19. option / ɑ p n/ n. _____________
20. recycled / ri sa kld/ adj. _____________
21. battery / b t ri/ n. _____________
22. energy-efficient adj. _____________
23. system / s st m/ n. _____________
24. solid-state adj. _____________
25. electrify / lektr fa / v. _____________
26. wire /wa r/ n. _____________
27. ignite / ɡ na t/ v. _____________
28. transition /tr n z n/ n. _____________
29. mechanical /m k n kl/ adj. _____________
30. estimate / est me t/ v. _____________
31. double / d bl/ adj. _____________ v. _____________n. _____________
32. renewable /r nu bl/ adj. _____________ n. _____________
33. regarding /r ɡɑ rd / prep. _____________
阅读B篇
1. cowboy / ka b / n. _____________
2. reject /r d ekt/ vt. _____________
3. subject / s bd kt/ n. _____________
4. essay / ese / n. _____________
5. health-related adj. _____________
6. personal-narrative n. _____________
7. creative-writing n. _____________
8. workshop / w rksho p/ n. _____________
9. require /r kwa r/ vt. _____________
10. genre / ɑ nr / n. _____________
11. diverse /da v rs/ adj. _____________
12. character / k r kt r/ n. _____________
13. demonstrate / dem nstre t/v. _____________
14. similar / s m l r/ adj. _____________
15. specification / spes f ke n/ n. _____________
16. interpret / n t pr t/ v. _____________
17. thesis / θi s s/ n_____________
18. staggering / st ɡ r / adj. _____________
19. yearbook / j b k/ n. _____________
20. heartbreak / hɑ tbre k/ n. _____________
阅读C篇
1. transport / tr nsp t/ v. _____________
2. decline /d kla n/ v. _____________
3. pedestrian /p destri n/ n. _____________ adj. _____________
4. Dutch /d t / adj. _____________ n. _____________
5. bother / b (r)/ v. _____________
6. transform /tr ns f m/ v. _____________
7. decade / deke d/ n. _____________
8. elsewhere / els we (r)/ adv. _____________
9. community /k mju n ti/ n. _____________
10. campaign /k m pe n/ n. _____________
11. alarm / lɑ m/ n. _____________ v. _____________
12. expressway / k spreswe / n. _____________
13. mayor /me (r)/ n. _____________
14. champion / t mpi n/ vt. _____________
15. decent / di snt/ adj. _____________
16. occur / k (r)/ v. _____________
17. widespread / wa dspred/ adj. _____________
18. phenomenon /f n m n n/ n. _____________
19. boost /bu st/ v. _____________
20. advocate / dv ke t/ v. _____________
21.journalist / d :n l st/ n. _____________
22.propose /pr p z/ v. _____________
23.replacement /r ple sm nt/ n. _____________
阅读D篇
1. microplastic / ma kr pl st k/ n. _____________
2. settle / setl/ v. _____________
3. source /s s/n. _____________
4. stomach / st m k/n. _____________
5. reduce /r dju s/v. _____________
6.Antarctic / n tɑ kt k/ adj. _____________
7. level / levl/n. _____________ adj. _____________ v. _____________
8. filter / f lt (r)/ v. _____________
9. tap /t p/n. _____________ v. _____________
10. process / pr ses/ n. _____________
11. trap /tr p/v. _____________
12. contain /k n te n/ v. _____________
13. sample / sɑ mpl/ n. _____________
14. polystyrene / p li sta ri n/n. _____________
15. polyethylene / p li eθ li n/ n. _____________
16. polypropylene / p li pr p li n/n. _____________
17. chemical / kem kl/adj. _____________ n. _____________
18. potential /p ten l/adj. _____________ n. _____________
19. forward / f w d/ adv. _____________ adj. _____________ v. _____________
20. determine /d t m n/vt. _____________
21. demonstrate / dem nstre t/ vt. _____________
22. upgrade / p ɡre d/vt. _____________
23. remove /r mu v/ vt. _____________
24. illustrate / l stre t/ vt. _____________
25. mention / men n/ vt. _____________
26. involve / n v lv/ vt. _____________
27. intake / nte k/ n. _____________
阅读七选五
1. unsung adj. _____________
2. pick-me-up n. _____________；
3. grab v. _____________；
4. genuine / d enju n/ adj. _____________；
5.quarter / kw t (r)/ n. _____________
6.contagious /k n te d s/ adj. _____________
7. major / me d (r)/ n. _____________
7.senior / si ni (r)/ adj. _____________；n. _____________
完形填空
1. vase n _____________
2. wedding n _____________
3. beloved adj _____________
4. item n _____________
5. donate v _____________
6. supposedly adv _____________
7. repost v _____________
8. race v _____________
9. chaos n _____________
10. exchange n _____________
11. please v _____________
12. otherwise adv _____________
13. apartment n _____________
14. cottage n _____________
15. store v _____________
16. decorate v _____________
17. stuff v _____________
18. equip v _____________
19. conventional adj _____________
plicated adj _____________
21. tolerable adj _____________
22. fee n _____________
23. receipt n _____________
24. spare v _____________
25. investigate v _____________
26. encounter v _____________；
27. recommend v _____________
28. giveaway n _____________
29. belongings n _____________
30. anticipate v _____________
31. appreciate v _____________
32. deliver v _____________
33. withdraw v _____________
语法填空
1. feature n. _____________ vt. _____________
2. inspire vt. _____________
3. binary-based adj. _____________
4. reflect vt. ____________
5. philosophy n. ____________
6. curator n____________
7. cutting-edge adj. ____________
8. contemporary adj. ____________
9. abstract adj. ____________n. ____________vt. ____________
10. visual adj. ____________
11. initiate vt. ____________
12. minimalism art n. ____________（一种追求简约、去除冗余的艺术风格）
13. conceptual art n. ____________（强调观念和思想表达的艺术形式）
14. expressionism n. _____________（强调主观情感表达的艺术流派）
15. long-term adj. _____________
16. opponent n. _____________
17. trap n. _____________ vt. _____________
18. reveal vt. _____________
19. gesture n. _____________vt. _____________
20. balance n. _____________vt. _____________
21. sculpture n. _____________
22. silk-screen n. _____________
23. decent adj. _____________
书面表达
1. host /h st/ v. _____________
2. snack /sn k/ n. _____________
3. backyard / b k jɑ d/ n. _____________
4. awkward / kw d/ adj. _____________
5. part /pɑ t/ v. _____________
6. resist /r z st/ v. _____________
7. conscience / k n ns/ n. _____________
8. bother / b (r)/ v. _____________
9. companion /k m p ni n/ n. _____________
(
第三部分：高频语块88例
)
听力理解
1. board a flight _____________
2. fill out a form _____________
3. run the business _____________
4. fix the window _____________
5. drive through a red light _____________
6. a reality show _____________
7. a radio host _____________
8. extra credits _____________
9. community interaction _____________
10. sea level _____________
11. go over the speed limit _____________
12. focus on _____________
13. make a difference _____________
阅读A篇
1. be responsible for _____________
2. accounts for _____________
3. greenhouse gas emissions _____________
4. synthetic hydrocarbons _____________
5. electric cars _____________
6. plug into _____________
7. on a single charge _____________
8. hydrogen fuel cell _____________
9. liquid ammonia _____________
10. renewable energy _____________
11. be up to _____________
12. speed up _____________
13. green energy _____________
14. CO emissions _____________
15. energy transition _____________
16. mechanical engineer _____________
17. race to do sth. _____________
18. green fuel _____________
19.go green _____________
20.energy efficiency _____________
阅读B篇
1. earn straight A’s _____________
2. be interpreted as _____________
3. in and of itself _____________
4. strike sb. as… _____________
5. take on _____________
6. turn in _____________
7. at the beginning of _____________
8. broaden one’s view _____________
9. means of communication_____________
10. put us in another’s skin _____________
11. fictional characters _____________
12. take on diverse topics _____________
13. Teaching is learning. _____________
14. Still waters run deep. _____________
15. Knowledge is power. _____________
16. Practice makes perfect. _____________
阅读C篇
1. pack sb into sth _____________
2. take back _____________
3. call for _____________
4. make way for _____________
5. fight back _____________
6. lead a campaign _____________
7. call on sb to do sth _____________
8. rush through _____________
9. account for _____________
10. in the early 1950s _____________
11. be to blame _____________
12. as well _____________
13. get stuck _____________
14. road networks _____________
15. livable city _____________
16. cultural diversity _____________
17. accessible expressways _____________
18. boost the sales of _____________
阅读D篇
1. settle in _____________
2. tap water _____________
3. stick inside _____________
4. volcanic rock _____________
5. rely on _____________
6. hard water _____________
7. at least _____________
8. lead to _____________
9. bottled water _____________
10. raise concerns about _____________
11. look into _____________
12. pure water _____________
13. further study _____________
14. limit intake _____________
阅读七选五
1. unsung hero _____________
2. go back and forth _____________；
3. get in the way of _____________；
4. political science _____________；
5. have a huge smile on one’s face_____________；
6. put sb. in a cheerful mood _____________;
7. have every intention of doing sth _____________；
8. call out _____________；
9. serve up _____________；
10. start one’s day off good _____________
完形填空
1. stare at _____________
2. see daylight _____________
3. fill up _____________
4. decide on sth _____________
5. a couple of _____________
6. come in _____________
7. a price cut _____________
8. draw near _____________
9. settle on _____________
10. in an instant _____________
11. a ray of light _____________
12. take joy in _____________
13. paint over _____________
14. look around _____________
15. empty out _____________
16. pull down _____________
语法填空
1. according to _____________
2. bring together _____________
3. serve a ...purpose _____________
4. force sb to do sth. _____________
5. be exposed to sth. _____________
6. no more than _____________
7. inspire sb to do sth. _____________
书面表达
1. count on _____________
2. knock over _____________
3.f orce the issue_____________
4 .share with _____________
5. in order _____________
6.ball of fire _____________
7. work out _____________
8 use up _____________
9. run around _____________
10. get over _____________
11. get in touch_____________
12. put oneself in sb's shoes _____________
13. pass away _____________
14. keep sb going_____________
15. at fault _____________
(
第四部分：熟词生义1
4
例
)
1. address熟义：地址；演讲 生义：_____________
出处：The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.（2025全国一卷听力第十段材料）
We must address the problem of air pollution immediately.
我们必须立即处理空气污染问题。
2. breakdown熟义：故障；垮掉 生义：_____________
出处：“Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”（2025全国一卷阅读A篇）
Providing a breakdown of the statistics into categories will take time.
把这些统计数据进行分门别类需要一些时间。
3. green熟义：绿色的 生义：_____________
出处：“The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.” （2025全国一卷阅读A篇）
She only buys products from green companies.
她只购买环保公司的产品。
4. strike熟义：打击；罢工；撞击 生义：_____________
出处：“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.” （2025全国一卷阅读B篇）
例句：What really struck me was their enthusiasm. [=I especially noticed their enthusiasm]
真正让我印象深刻的是他们的热情。
5. staggering熟义：摇晃的；蹒跚的 生义：_____________的
出处：“The results were staggering.” （2025全国一卷阅读B篇）
The storm caused a staggering amount of damage.
这场暴风雨造成了令人震惊的损失。
6. account熟义：账单；描述；叙述；报道 生义：_____________出处：“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.”（2025全国一卷阅读C篇）
Eventually, you will need to account for your actions/behavior.
你终究得对自己的行为做出解释。
7. cut熟义：切；割；砍 生义：_____________
出处：“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.” （2025全国一卷完形）
He had to accept a cut in pay. = He had to accept a pay cut.
他不得不接受减薪。
8. spare熟义：抽出；匀出；备用的 生义：_____________
出处：“Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.” （2025全国一卷七选五）
She was spared from having to answer any more questions.
她不必回答更多的问题。
9. piece熟义：块；张；段；部件；部分 生义：_____________
出处：“The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.” （2025全国一卷语法填空）
Move your piece forward three spaces.
把你的棋子向前走三步。
10. count on熟义：指望；依靠 生义：_____________
出处：“There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: ...” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
The kids are counting on going to the movies. Don't disappoint them!
孩子们正盼着去看电影。别让他们失望！
11. fire熟义：火；火灾 生义：_____________
出处：“my brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house.
这只小狗精力旺盛，总在屋里跑来跑去。
12. force the issue熟义：强迫问题（字面义）生义：_____________
出处：“my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
They would never have addressed the problem if that newspaper article hadn't forced the issue.
若非报纸的那篇文章强行敦促，他们绝对不会着手处理这个问题。
13. part熟义：部分；分开（动词）生义：_____________
出处：“he was unhappy over the way we had parted” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
We parted on friendly terms.
我们友好地分手了。
14. constant熟义：持续的；不变的 生义：_____________
出处：“Toby was his constant companion” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
They remained constant friends throughout their lives.
他们一辈子都是忠实的朋友。
(
第五部分：真题语料单句填空
97
例
)
阅读理解A篇
1. ___________(move) goods and people around the world is responsible ___________ a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).
2. As the world ___________(race) to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts ___________ about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different ___________(mode) of transport.
4. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, ___________ lightweight and safe enough ___________(carry) around.
5. Each mode of transport has ___________(it) specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, ___________ here are some of the ___________(solution) to get us going green.
6. The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for ___________(sustain) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from ___________(recycle) air.
7. Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into ___________(exist) systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car ___________(far) on a single charge.
8. Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can ___________(make) electric in pretty simple ways.
9. Hydrogen fuel cells are a ___________(light) choice than batteries for trucks, but ___________(make) green hydrogen is expensive.
10. Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, ___________ it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
11. This energy transition (变革) is ___________(globe), and the amount of ___________(renew) energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
12. It’s estimated ___________ the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
13. ___________(fortunate), ___________(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the ___________(develop) of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
阅读理解B篇
1. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I ___________(meet) a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died ___________ heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.
2. More than once, I found myself ___________(wonder) just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
3. But things were different for their first essay, ___________ was about the question: “Why is writing important ”
4. Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could ___________( interpret) as a thesis (论点) statement.
5. I was ___________(shock). Then I realized that the problem was the question ___________(it).
6. They could have written pages on the ___________(necessary) of computers, but writing, in and of itself, ___________(simple) didn’t strike them ___________ important.
7. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a ___________(persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
8. This time they found the exercise much more ___________(interest). For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and ___________ it contain a thesis.
9. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that ___________(broaden) my view and touched my heart.
10. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of ___________(communicate). ___________, my students demonstrated something more important to me.
11. When the final bell ___________(ring) in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful ___________(significant) — the ability ___________(connect) people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us ___________ it means to be human.
阅读理解C篇
1. ___________ safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, ___________(especial) especially among young children.
2. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk ___________(safe) to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
3. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered ___________ facts like these.
4. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play ___________ our lives.
5. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods ___________(destroy) to make way ___________ new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
6. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian ___________(journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the ___________(destroy) of her local park.
7. ___________(describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place ___________(live), and not just rush through.”
8. Similar campaigns ___________(occur) in Australia in ___________ late 1960s and 1970s as well.
9. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the ___________(major) of the western cities were ___________(complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
10. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the ___________(high) rate of car ownership in the world.
11. We invest a lot in roads ___________ help us rush through, but we fail ___________(account) to account for the true costs.
12. Do we really recognise ___________ it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities
13. The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think ___________(different) about that street outside your front door.
阅读理解D篇
1. Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, ___________(stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside ___________(human).
2. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may ___________(significant) reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it.
3. In a study ___________(publish) Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
4. ___________(cruicial), this process relies on the water ___________(contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.
5. In the study, ___________(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to___________ almost 90 percent drop in plastics.
6. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics ___________ just 25 percent.
7. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals ___________(previous) found in water such as vinyl chloride.
8. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic ___________(expose) — a task that’s becoming ___________(increasing) difficult.
9. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, ___________(contain) 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally___________(think) .
10. Scientists are still trying to determine how ___________(harm) microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns.
11. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool ___________(limit) intake.
12. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, ___________ environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into ___________(upgrade) drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
阅读七选五
1. Need a break between classes ___________ just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. Not only ___________ this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
2. Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets ___________(exact) what they order.
3. She goes back and forth between machines ___________(make) the drinks. After finishing ___________ order, she calls out the name on the cup.
4. As the customer ___________(grab) the drink from her hand, she smiles ___________ says, “Hello, how is your day ”
5. Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get___________ the way of her genuine conversations.
6. Murphy gets up ___________ a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day ___________(get) to work on time.
7. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. “I do so ___________ I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said.
8. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here___________(serve).
9. One thing Murphy may not know is ___________ her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day ___________ they were having before seeing her.
10. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. ___________(go) to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
11. “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, ___________ always puts me in a ___________(cheer) mood,” Wright said.
12. Murphy has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine ___________(work) anywhere else. She has every ___________(intend) of staying and continuing doing ___________ she loves.
完形填空
1. One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen __________(stare) at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight __________ my wedding.
2. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __________(empty) out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years __________(fill) up.
3. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, __________(donate) what we could, and rented a place __________(store) our supposedly important objects.
4. That left a house still __________(stuff) with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
5. I took a picture of the vase and __________(post) it online, for $10.
6. A couple of messages came in, one wanting __________(addition) photos, another__________(ask) for a price cut.
7. As our move day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) __________ reposted it.
8. The __________(describe): “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left __________(happy) with the vase.
9. __________(encourage), I posted more. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.
10. Each exchange provided a chance __________(spare) the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.
11. I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings __________ share our small space.
12. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something __________ couldn’t come with us.
语法填空
1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, __________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
2. Go is one of __________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
3. The movements of the black and white __________(piece) reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, __________ is in charge of the exhibition.
4. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology __________ contemporary art,” says Tu.
5. “We hope __________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
6. “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your __________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
7. “The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
8. “A decent winner always __________ (try) to beat the opponent __________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
9. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the __________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, __________the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
读后续写
1. My wife and I wanted __________ (share) our new home with family and friends by hosting a small __________ (gather) in the early summer.
2. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard __________ order.
3. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted __________: My brother chose __________ (bring) his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.
4. Though friendly, he could __________ (easy) knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.
5. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him __________ (watch) Toby and keep him outside.
6. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard __________ giving the kids plenty of room.
7. __________ (expected), after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.
8. It was __________ awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog.
9. __________ (eventual ), my brother decided __________ (leave) rather than force the issue.
10. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I __________ (text) him and expressed wishes for him to come out again.
11. His reply came as __________ surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.”
12. __________ (clear), he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little __________ (choose). Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.
13. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, __________ I resisted, __________ (think) he should call first.
14. However, my conscience (良心) kept __________ (bother) me. I tried to put myself __________ my brother’s shoes.
15. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years __________ (pass) away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him __________ (go).
1中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题81 2025高考英语全国一卷词汇清单及对点练习（解析版）
目录
第一部分：词性转换94例 1
第二部分：识词知意199例 4
第三部分：高频语块116例 9
第四部分：熟词生义14例 12
第五部分：真题填空97例 14
(
第一部分：词性转换
94
例
)
听力理解
1. favor n.恩惠→adj. favourable 赞成的；有利的
2. education n.教育→adj. educational教育的
3. document n.文档 →n. documentary 纪录片
4. entertain vt.时娱乐→adj. entertaining 娱乐的
5. control vt.控制 →adj. controllable 可控制的
阅读A篇
1. globe n. 地球；世界→adj. global 全球的
2. power n. 力量；电力；权力 →adj. powerful 强大的；强有力的
3. sustain vt. 维持；支撑；承受→ adj. sustainable 可持续的
4. exist v. 存在 →adj. existing 现有的
5. fortunate adj. 幸运的 →adv. fortunately 幸运地
6. analysis sing. 分析→pl. analyses 分析
7. develop vt. 发展；开发 →n. development 发展；开发
8. percent n. 百分比 →n. percentage 百分比率
9. comparative adj. 相对的→paratively相对地
10. consume vt.吃喝；消费 →n. consumption吃喝；消费
11. efficient adj.高效的 →n. efficiency 效率
12. afford vt.支付；承受的起→adj. affordable 负担得起的
阅读B篇
1. necessary adj. 必要的→n. necessity 必需品
2. simple adj. 简单的→adv. simply简单地
3. persuade vt. 说服→adj. persuasive有说服力的
4. assign vt. 分配→n. assignment任务、作业
5. fiction n. 小说、虚构→adj. fictional 虚构的
6. limit vt. 限制→adj. limited 有限的
7. understand vt. 理解→ant. misunderstand 误解
8. communicate vt.沟通→ n. communication 沟通
9. power n. 权力→adj. powerful 强大的
10. mix vt. 混合→adj. mixed混合的
11. amaze vt. 使惊奇→adj. amazing令人惊奇的/amazed感到惊奇的
12. disturb vt. 打扰→adj. disturbing令人不安的/disturbed被打扰的
阅读C篇
1. improve v. 改善 →improvement n. 改善
2. mobile adj. 移动的 →mobility n. 流动性
3. neighbor n. 邻居 →neighborhood n. 街区；社区
4. famous adj. 著名的→ famously adv. 著名地；极好地
5. Canada n. 加拿大→ Canadian adj. 加拿大的n. 加拿大人
6. journal n. 期刊; 日志→journalist n. 新闻记者
7. propose v. 提议 → proposed adj. 提议的
8. replace v. 取代 →replacement n. 取代
9. complete adj. 完整的→ completely adv. 完全地
10. different adj. 不同的→differently adv. 不同地
11. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequently adv. 频繁地
12. destroy vt. 破坏 → destruction n. 破坏
13. real adj.真正的→ reality n. 现实
14. major adj. 主要的→majority n. 大多数
15. design v. 设计 →redesign v. 重新设计
16. owner n. 主人 →ownership n. 所有权
17. culture n. 文化 →cultural adj. 文化的
18. diverse adj. 多样的→ diversity n. 多样性
19. need n. 需求 →needy adj. 贫困的；缺乏的
20. access n.入口;机会→ accessible adj. 可进入的；可获得的
21. live vi.生活；居住 → livable adj. 宜居的
阅读D篇
1. pollute vt. 污染 →pollution n. 污染
2. significant adj. 重要的→significantly adv. 重要地
3. environment n. 环境→environmental adj. 环境的
4. crucial adj. 关键的→crucially adv. 关键地
5. additional adj. 额外的→additionally adv. 额外地
6. previous adj. 先前的→previously adv. 先前地
7. increasing adj. 日益增长的→increasingly adv. 日益增长地
8. original adj. 原始的→originally adv. 原始地
9. harm n. 伤害→harmful adj. 有害的
10. treat vt. 对待/治疗 →treatment n. 对待 / 治疗
11. hard adj. 坚硬的→hardness n. 硬度
12. long adj. 长的→length n. 长度
13. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 频率
14. severe adj. 严重的→severity n. 严重程度
15. difficult adj. 困难的→difficulty n. 困难
16. direct vt. 指导/导演 →direction n. 方向 / 指导
17. apply vt. 应用/申请 →application n. 应用 / 申请
阅读七选五
1. exact adj. 精确的；准确的→ adv. exactly 精确地；准确地；恰好
2. different adj. 不同的→n. difference 差别；差异；不同之处
3. cheer n. 欢呼；喝彩→ adj. cheerful 快乐的；高兴的；令人愉快的
完形填空
1. particular adj. 特定的；特别的→ adv. particularly 特别；尤其
2. addition n. 增加；添加→adj. additional 额外的；附加的
3. happy adj. 快乐的；幸福的→adv. happily 快乐地；幸福地
4. value n. 价值；重要→ adj. valuable 有价值的；贵重的
5. tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受→ adj. tolerable 可容忍的；尚好的
6. describe vt. 描述；描绘→ n. description 描述；描写
7. contribute vt. 贡献；捐献→ n. contribution 贡献；捐献物
语法填空
1. exhibit vt. 展览；显示→n.exhibition展览品；展示会
2. origin n. 起源；出身→vi. originate 起源
3. east n. 东方；东部→adj. eastern东方的；向东的
4. concept n. 概念；观念→adj. conceptual 概念的
5. expression n.表情；短语→vt. expressionism表现主义
6. guide vt. 引导；指导→n.guidance指南；向导
7. visit vt. 访问；参观→n.visitor游客，访问者
8. personal adj. 个人的；私人的→n.personality 性格
9. weak adj. 虚弱的；薄弱的→n. weakness 弱点
10. beautiful adj. 美丽的→n.beauty 美丽
11. strategy n. 策略；战略→adj. strategic 战略的
12. place vt. 放置 →n.placement放置；布置
13. art n. 艺术→n.artist艺术家
14. paint vt. 绘画→n.painting 画作，绘画作品
15. digital adj. 数字的；数码的→adv. digitally 数字化地
书面表达
1. gather vt. 采集；集合→gathering n. 聚会
2. expect vt. 期待；预料→unexpectedly adv. 意外地
(
第二部分：识词知意
199
例
)
听力理解
1. board a flight 登上航班
2. fill out a form 填写表格
3. run the business 经营生意
4. fix the window 修理窗户
5. drive through a red light 闯红灯
6. a reality show 真人秀
7. a radio host 电台主持人
8. extra credits 额外学分
9. community interaction 社区互动
10. sea level 海平面
11. go over the speed limit 超速行驶
12. focus on 聚焦于
13. make a difference 产生影响；起作用
听力理解
1. unpack / n p k/ v. 打开（行李）；卸货
2. suitcase / su tke s/ n. 行李箱
3. volunteer / v l n t / n. 志愿者
4. pursue /p sju / v. 追求；继续从事
5. crowded / kra d d/ adj. 拥挤的
6. relative / rel t v/ n. 亲戚
7. celebrity /s lebr ti/ n. 名人
8. critical / kr t kl/ adj. 批评的；关键的
9. diverse /da v s/ adj. 多样的
10. coast /k st/ n. 海岸
11. duration /dju re n/ n. 持续时间
阅读A篇
1. automobile / t m bi l/ n. 汽车
2. emission /i m n/ n. 排放；排放物
3. decarbonize / di kɑ b na z/ v. 脱碳；使无碳化
4. particular /p t kj l r/ adj. 特定的；特别的
5. transportation / tr nsp r te n/ n. 运输；交通
6. quarter / kw rt r/ n. 四分之一；季度
7. energy-related adj. 与能源相关的
8. breakdown / bre kda n/ n. 分解；故障；分析
9. mode /mo d/ n. 方式；模式
10. vehicle / vi kl/ n. 车辆；交通工具
11. passenger / p s nd r/ n. 乘客；旅客
12. shipping / p / n. 航运；海运
13. fuel /fju l/ n. 燃料 v. 给……提供燃料
14. lightweight / la twe t/ adj. 轻量的
15. specific /sp s f k/ adj. 具体的；特定的
16. sector / sekt r/ n. 部门；行业
17. aviation / e vi e n/ n. 航空；航空业
18. long-term / l t rm/ adj. 长期的
19. option / ɑ p n/ n. 选择；选项
20. recycled / ri sa kld/ adj. 回收利用的
21. battery / b t ri/ n. 电池
22. energy-efficient adj. 节能的
23. system / s st m/ n. 系统；体系
24. solid-state adj. 固态的
25. electrify / lektr fa / v. 使电气化；使充电
26. wire /wa r/ n. 电线；金属丝
27. ignite / ɡ na t/ v. 点燃；引发
28. transition /tr n z n/ n. 过渡；转变
29. mechanical /m k n kl/ adj. 机械的；机械学的
30. estimate / est me t/ v. 估计；判断
31. double / d bl/ adj. 双倍的 v. 加倍 n. 两倍
32. renewable /r nu bl/ adj. 可再生的 n. 可再生能源
33. regarding /r ɡɑ rd / prep. 关于；至于
阅读B篇
1. cowboy / ka b / n. 牛仔
2. reject /r d ekt/ vt. 拒绝
3. subject / s bd kt/ n. 主题；学科；主语；研究对象
4. essay / ese / n. 散文；论文
5. health-related adj. 与健康相关的
6. personal-narrative n. 个人叙事
7. creative-writing n. 创意写作
8. workshop / w rksho p/ n. 工作坊；研讨会
9. require /r kwa r/ vt. 需要；要求
10. genre / ɑ nr / n. 类型；体裁
11. diverse /da v rs/ adj. 不同的；多样化的
12. character / k r kt r/ n. 人物；性格；角色
13. demonstrate / dem nstre t/v. 证明；展示；演示
14. similar / s m l r/ adj. 相似的；类似的
15. specification / spes f ke n/ n.规格；具体要求
16. interpret / n t pr t/ v.解释；翻译
17. thesis / θi s s/ n.论点；论文
18. staggering / st ɡ r / adj.惊人的；令人震惊的
19. yearbook / j b k/ n.年鉴；毕业纪念册
20. heartbreak / hɑ tbre k/ n. 心碎
阅读C篇
1. transport / tr nsp t/ v. 运输；运送
2. decline /d kla n/ v. 下降；减少
3. pedestrian /p destri n/ n. 行人 adj. 步行的
4. Dutch /d t / adj. 荷兰的 n. 荷兰人；荷兰语
5. bother / b (r)/ v. 使烦恼；困扰
6. transform /tr ns f m/ v. 改变；转变
7. decade / deke d/ n. 十年
8. elsewhere / els we (r)/ adv. 在别处；去别处
9. community /k mju n ti/ n. 社区；团体
10. campaign /k m pe n/ n. 运动；活动
11. alarm / lɑ m/ n. 担忧；警报 v. 使惊恐
12. expressway / k spreswe / n. 高速公路
13. mayor /me (r)/ n. 市长
14. champion / t mpi n/ vt. 捍卫；支持
15. decent / di snt/ adj. 体面的；适宜的
16. occur / k (r)/ v. 发生；出现
17. widespread / wa dspred/ adj. 广泛的；普遍的
18. phenomenon /f n m n n/ n. 现象
19. boost /bu st/ v. 促进；提高
20. advocate / dv ke t/ v. 提倡；主张
21.journalist / d :n l st/ n. 记者
22.propose /pr p z/ v. 提议；建议
23.replacement /r ple sm nt/ n. 替换；更换
阅读D篇
1. microplastic / ma kr pl st k/ n. 微塑料
2. settle / setl/ v. 沉降；定居
3. source /s s/n. 来源；源头
4. stomach / st m k/n. 胃；腹部
5. reduce /r dju s/v. 减少；降低
6.Antarctic / n tɑ kt k/ adj. 南极的
7. level / levl/n. 水平；等级 adj. 平坦的 v. 使平等
8. filter / f lt (r)/ v. 过滤；筛选
9. tap /t p/n. 水龙头；轻敲 v. 轻拍；开发
10. process / pr ses/ n. 过程；工序
11. trap /tr p/v. 捕获；使陷入
12. contain /k n te n/ v. 包含；容纳；控制
13. sample / sɑ mpl/ n. 样品；样本
14. polystyrene / p li sta ri n/n. 聚苯乙烯
15. polyethylene / p li eθ li n/ n. 聚乙烯
16. polypropylene / p li pr p li n/n. 聚丙烯
17. chemical / kem kl/adj. 化学的 n. 化学品
18. potential /p ten l/adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
19. forward / f w d/ adv. 向前 adj. 向前的 v. 发送；推进
20. determine /d t m n/vt. 确定；决定；查明
21. demonstrate / dem nstre t/ vt. 证明；展示；演示
22. upgrade / p ɡre d/vt. 升级；提升
23. remove /r mu v/ vt. 移除；去掉；消除
24. illustrate / l stre t/ vt. 说明；举例说明；图解
25. mention / men n/ vt. 提到；提及
26. involve / n v lv/ vt. 包含；涉及；使参与
27. intake / nte k/ n. 摄入；吸入；纳入量
阅读七选五
1. unsung adj.未被颂扬的，被埋没的；
2. pick-me-up n. 提神物品；
3. grab v. 抓住，拿到；
4. genuine / d enju n/ adj.真诚的；
5.quarter / kw t (r)/ n. 一刻钟；四分之一
6.contagious /k n te d s/ adj. 有感染力的
7. major / me d (r)/ n. 某专业的学生
7.senior / si ni (r)/ adj. 高年级的；n. 大四学生
完形填空
1. vase n 花瓶
2. wedding n 婚礼
3. beloved adj 钟爱的
4. item n 一件（物品）
5. donate v 捐赠
6. supposedly adv 据说
7. repost v 重新发帖
8. race v 快速移动
9. chaos n 混乱
10. exchange n 交流，交谈
11. please v 使高兴 / 满意
12. otherwise adv 否则，要不然
13. apartment n 公寓
14. cottage n 乡村小屋
15. store v 储存
16. decorate v 装饰
17. stuff v 塞满
18. equip v 装备，配备
19. conventional adj 传统的，常规的
plicated adj 复杂的
21. tolerable adj 可忍受的
22. fee n 费
23. receipt n 收据
24. spare v 使免遭……
25. investigate v 调查
26. encounter v 偶然碰到；
27. recommend v 推荐
28. giveaway n 赠品
29. belongings n 所有物，财产
30. anticipate v 预料，预计
31. appreciate v 欣赏，感激
32. deliver v 递送
33. withdraw v 撤回
语法填空
1. feature n. 特征；功能 vt.以…… 为特色
2. inspire vt. 激发；产生灵感
3. binary-based adj. 基于二元的
4. reflect vt.反映；反射；反思
5. philosophy n. 哲学；哲理；人生观
6. curator n.馆长；监护人
7. cutting-edge adj. 尖端的；前沿的
8. contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的
9. abstract adj. 抽象的n. 摘要vt. 摘要；提取
10. visual adj. 视觉的
11. initiate vt. 发起；创始
12. minimalism art n.极简主义艺术（一种追求简约、去除冗余的艺术风格）
13. conceptual art n.概念艺术（强调观念和思想表达的艺术形式）
14. expressionism n. 表现主义（强调主观情感表达的艺术流派）
15. long-term adj. 长期的；长远的
16. opponent n.对手；反对者
17. trap n. 陷阱；圈套；困境 vt.使陷入困境；设陷阱
18. reveal vt. 揭示；透露；展现
19. gesture n. 手势；姿态vt. 做手势；用动作示意
20. balance n.平衡；余额vt. 使平衡；权衡
21. sculpture n.雕塑；雕刻艺术
22. silk-screen n. 丝网印刷（术）
23. decent adj. 得体的；像样的
书面表达
1. host /h st/ v. 主办；主持
2. snack /sn k/ n. 小吃
3. backyard / b k jɑ d/ n. 后院
4. awkward / kw d/ adj. 尴尬的
5. part /pɑ t/ v. 分开
6. resist /r z st/ v. 抗拒
7. conscience / k n ns/ n. 良心
8. bother / b (r)/ v. 困扰
9. companion /k m p ni n/ n. 伴侣
(
第三部分：高频语块
116
例
)
阅读A篇
1. be responsible for 对…… 负责；是……的原因
2. accounts for 占…… 比例；是……的原因
3. greenhouse gas emissions 温室气体排放
4. synthetic hydrocarbons 合成碳氢化合物
5. electric cars 电动汽车
6. plug into 插入；接入（电源）
7. on a single charge 一次充电
8. hydrogen fuel cell 氢燃料电池
9. liquid ammonia 液氨
10. renewable energy 可再生能源
11. be up to 达到；胜任；忙于；由……决定
12. speed up 加速；使加快
13. green energy 绿色能源
14. CO emissions 二氧化碳排放
15. energy transition 能源转型
16. mechanical engineer 机械工程师
17. race to do sth. 竞相做某事
18. green fuel 绿色燃料
19.go green 实现环保；绿色化
20.energy efficiency 能源效率
阅读B篇
1. earn straight A’s 成绩全得 A
2. be interpreted as 被理解为；被解释为
3. in and of itself 本身；自身
4. strike sb. as… 给某人某种印象
5. take on 承担；呈现
6. turn in 上交；归还
7. at the beginning of 在……开始时
8. broaden one’s view 拓宽视野
9. means of communication交流方式
10. put us in another’s skin 让我们设身处地（理解他人）
11. fictional characters 虚构人物
12. take on diverse topics 涉及多样化的主题
13. Teaching is learning. 教学相长
14. Still waters run deep. 静水流深
15. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量
16. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧
阅读C篇
1. pack sb into sth 把某人塞进车里
2. take back 夺回
3. call for 公开要求
4. make way for 给……让路
5. fight back 反击
6. lead a campaign 领导运动
7. call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
8. rush through 快速通过
9. account for 考虑到
10. in the early 1950s 在20世纪50年代早期
11. be to blame 该受到责备
12. as well 也，而且
13. get stuck 被堵车
14. road networks 道路网络
15. livable city 宜居城市
16. cultural diversity 文化多样性
17. accessible expressways 可通行的高速公路
18. boost the sales of 促进……的销售
阅读D篇
1. settle in 沉积在；在……安顿下来
2. tap water 自来水
3. stick inside 粘附在内部
4. volcanic rock 火山岩
5. rely on 依靠；依赖
6. hard water 硬水
7. at least 至少
8. lead to 导致；造成
9. bottled water 瓶装水
10. raise concerns about 提出对某事的担忧
11. look into 调查；研究
12. pure water 纯净水
13. further study 进一步研究
14. limit intake 限制摄入
阅读七选五
1. unsung hero 无名英雄
2. go back and forth 反复来回；
3. get in the way of 妨碍；
4. political science 政治学；
5. have a huge smile on one’s face 笑容满面；
6. put sb. in a cheerful mood 让某人心情愉快
7. have every intention of doing sth 一心想做某事；
8. call out 大声呼叫，呼唤；
9. serve up 提供；
10. start one’s day off good 开启美好的一天
完形填空
1. stare at 盯着，凝视
2. see daylight 拿出来，见天日
3. fill up 装满
4. decide on sth 选定某事物
5. a couple of 几个
6. come in 被收到
7. a price cut 减价
8. draw near 接近，靠近
9. settle on 决定，选定
10. in an instant 马上
11. a ray of light 一缕光线
12. take joy in 以……为乐
13. paint over 刷油漆覆盖
14. look around 四下环顾，到处寻找
15. empty out 清空，腾空
16. pull down 拆毁
语法填空
1. according to 根据；按照
2. bring together 使…… 相聚；集合；整合
3. serve a ...purpose 满足…… 目的；用于…… 用途
4. force sb to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
5. be exposed to sth. 接触某物；暴露于某物
6. no more than 仅仅；只不过
7. inspire sb to do sth. 激励某人做某事
书面表达
1. count on 预料到；指望
2. knock over 撞倒
3.f orce the issue 强求
4 .share with 与...分享
5. in order 井然有序
6.ball of fire 精力充沛的人/动物
7. work out 进展顺利
8 use up 耗尽
9. run around 到处跑
10. get over 克服
11. get in touch联系
12. put oneself in sb's shoes 设身处地
13. pass away 去世
14. keep sb going支撑某人
15. at fault 有过错
(
第四部分：熟词生义1
4
例
)
1. address熟义：地址；演讲 生义：设法解决；处理；对付
出处：The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.（2025全国一卷听力第十段材料）
We must address the problem of air pollution immediately.
我们必须立即处理空气污染问题。
2. breakdown熟义：故障；垮掉 生义：（对庞杂信息的）分类，分析
出处：“Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”（2025全国一卷阅读A篇）
Providing a breakdown of the statistics into categories will take time.
把这些统计数据进行分门别类需要一些时间。
3. green熟义：绿色的 生义：环保的
出处：“The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.” （2025全国一卷阅读A篇）
She only buys products from green companies.
她只购买环保公司的产品。
4. strike熟义：打击；罢工；撞击 生义：给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得
出处：“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.” （2025全国一卷阅读B篇）
例句：What really struck me was their enthusiasm. [=I especially noticed their enthusiasm]
真正让我印象深刻的是他们的热情。
5. staggering熟义：摇晃的；蹒跚的 生义：令人吃惊的，惊人的
出处：“The results were staggering.” （2025全国一卷阅读B篇）
The storm caused a staggering amount of damage.
这场暴风雨造成了令人震惊的损失。
6. account熟义：账单；描述；叙述；报道 生义：account for 解释；说明
出处：“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.”（2025全国一卷阅读C篇）
Eventually, you will need to account for your actions/behavior.
你终究得对自己的行为做出解释。
7. cut熟义：切；割；砍 生义：削减；降低
出处：“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.” （2025全国一卷完形）
He had to accept a cut in pay. = He had to accept a pay cut.
他不得不接受减薪。
8. spare熟义：抽出；匀出；备用的 生义：使免遭（麻烦、痛苦等）；免去
出处：“Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.” （2025全国一卷七选五）
She was spared from having to answer any more questions.
她不必回答更多的问题。
9. piece熟义：块；张；段；部件；部分 生义：棋子
出处：“The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.” （2025全国一卷语法填空）
Move your piece forward three spaces.
把你的棋子向前走三步。
10. count on熟义：指望；依靠 生义：期待，指望，预料到（某事发生）
出处：“There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: ...” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
The kids are counting on going to the movies. Don't disappoint them!
孩子们正盼着去看电影。别让他们失望！
11. fire熟义：火；火灾 生义：精力充沛的人（或动物）；活力
出处：“my brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house.
这只小狗精力旺盛，总在屋里跑来跑去。
12. force the issue熟义：强迫问题（字面义）生义：强行实施；强迫做决定
出处：“my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
They would never have addressed the problem if that newspaper article hadn't forced the issue.
若非报纸的那篇文章强行敦促，他们绝对不会着手处理这个问题。
13. part熟义：部分；分开（动词）生义：（尤指因意见不合）分手；告别
出处：“he was unhappy over the way we had parted” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
We parted on friendly terms.
我们友好地分手了。
14. constant熟义：持续的；不变的 生义：忠实的；始终如一的
出处：“Toby was his constant companion” （2025全国一卷读后续写）
They remained constant friends throughout their lives.
他们一辈子都是忠实的朋友。
(
第五部分：真题语料单句填空
97
例
)
阅读理解A篇
1. ___________(move) goods and people around the world is responsible ___________ a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).
2. As the world ___________(race) to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts ___________ about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different ___________(mode) of transport.
4. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, ___________ lightweight and safe enough ___________(carry) around.
5. Each mode of transport has ___________(it) specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, ___________ here are some of the ___________(solution) to get us going green.
6. The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for ___________(sustain) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from ___________(recycle) air.
7. Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into ___________(exist) systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car ___________(far) on a single charge.
8. Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can ___________(make) electric in pretty simple ways.
9. Hydrogen fuel cells are a ___________(light) choice than batteries for trucks, but ___________(make) green hydrogen is expensive.
10. Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, ___________ it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
11. This energy transition (变革) is ___________(globe), and the amount of ___________(renew) energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
12. It’s estimated ___________ the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
13. ___________(fortunate), ___________(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the ___________(develop) of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
【参考答案】
1. Moving, for 2. races, for 3. modes 4. but, to be carried 5. its, but, solutions 6. sustainable, recycled 7. existing, farther 8. be made 9. lighter, making 10. but 11. global, renewable 12. that 13. Fortunately, analyses, development
阅读理解B篇
1. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I ___________(meet) a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died ___________ heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.
2. More than once, I found myself ___________(wonder) just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
3. But things were different for their first essay, ___________ was about the question: “Why is writing important ”
4. Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could ___________( interpret) as a thesis (论点) statement.
5. I was ___________(shock). Then I realized that the problem was the question ___________(it).
6. They could have written pages on the ___________(necessary) of computers, but writing, in and of itself, ___________(simple) didn’t strike them ___________ important.
7. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a ___________(persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
8. This time they found the exercise much more ___________(interest). For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and ___________ it contain a thesis.
9. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that ___________(broaden) my view and touched my heart.
10. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of ___________(communicate). ___________, my students demonstrated something more important to me.
11. When the final bell ___________(ring) in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful ___________(significant) — the ability ___________(connect) people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us ___________ it means to be human.
【参考答案】
1. met, of 2. wondering 3. which 4. be interpreted 5. shocked, itself 6. necessity, simply, as 7. persuasive 8. interesting, that 9. broadened munication, However 11. rang, significance, to connect, what
阅读理解C篇
1. ___________ safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, ___________(especial) especially among young children.
2. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk ___________(safe) to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
3. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered ___________ facts like these.
4. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play ___________ our lives.
5. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods ___________(destroy) to make way ___________ new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
6. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian ___________(journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the ___________(destroy) of her local park.
7. ___________(describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place ___________(live), and not just rush through.”
8. Similar campaigns ___________(occur) in Australia in ___________ late 1960s and 1970s as well.
9. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the ___________(major) of the western cities were ___________(complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
10. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the ___________(high) rate of car ownership in the world.
11. We invest a lot in roads ___________ help us rush through, but we fail ___________(account) to account for the true costs.
12. Do we really recognise ___________ it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities
13. The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think ___________(different) about that street outside your front door.
【参考答案】
1. While/Though/Although 2. safely 3. by 4. in 5. were destroyed, for 6. journalist, destruction 7. Describing, to live 8. occurred, the 9. majority, completely 10. highest 11. that/which 12. what 13. differently
阅读理解D篇
1. Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, ___________(stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside ___________(human).
2. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may ___________(significant) reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it.
3. In a study ___________(publish) Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
4. ___________(cruicial), this process relies on the water ___________(contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.
5. In the study, ___________(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to___________ almost 90 percent drop in plastics.
6. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics ___________ just 25 percent.
7. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals ___________(previous) found in water such as vinyl chloride.
8. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic ___________(expose) — a task that’s becoming ___________(increasing) difficult.
9. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, ___________(contain) 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally___________(think) .
10. Scientists are still trying to determine how ___________(harm) microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns.
11. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool ___________(limit) intake.
12. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, ___________ environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into ___________(upgrade) drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
【参考答案】
1. stuck, humans 2. significantly 3. published 4. Crucially, containing 5. boiling, an 6. by 7. previously 8. exposure, increasingly 9. contains, thought 10. harmful 11. to limit 12. an, upgrading
阅读七选五
1. Need a break between classes ___________ just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. Not only ___________ this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
2. Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets ___________(exact) what they order.
3. She goes back and forth between machines ___________(make) the drinks. After finishing ___________ order, she calls out the name on the cup.
4. As the customer ___________(grab) the drink from her hand, she smiles ___________ says, “Hello, how is your day ”
5. Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get___________ the way of her genuine conversations.
6. Murphy gets up ___________ a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day ___________(get) to work on time.
7. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. “I do so ___________ I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said.
8. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here___________(serve).
9. One thing Murphy may not know is ___________ her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day ___________ they were having before seeing her.
10. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. ___________(go) to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
11. “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, ___________ always puts me in a ___________(cheer) mood,” Wright said.
12. Murphy has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine ___________(work) anywhere else. She has every ___________(intend) of staying and continuing doing ___________ she loves.
【参考答案】
1. or, does 2. exactly 3. to make, an 4. grabs, and 5. in 6. at, to get 7. because 8. to serve 9. that, than 10. Going 11. which, cheerful 12. working, intention, what
完形填空
1. One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen __________(stare) at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight __________ my wedding.
2. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __________(empty) out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years __________(fill) up.
3. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, __________(donate) what we could, and rented a place __________(store) our supposedly important objects.
4. That left a house still __________(stuff) with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
5. I took a picture of the vase and __________(post) it online, for $10.
6. A couple of messages came in, one wanting __________(addition) photos, another__________(ask) for a price cut.
7. As our move day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) __________ reposted it.
8. The __________(describe): “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left __________(happy) with the vase.
9. __________(encourage), I posted more. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.
10. Each exchange provided a chance __________(spare) the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.
11. I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings __________ share our small space.
12. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something __________ couldn’t come with us.
【参考答案】
1. staring, since 2. emptying, filling 3. donated, to store 4. stuffed 5. posted 6. additional, asking 7. and 8. description, happily 9. Encouraged 10. to spare 11. that/which 12. that
语法填空
1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, __________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
2. Go is one of __________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
3. The movements of the black and white __________(piece) reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, __________ is in charge of the exhibition.
4. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology __________ contemporary art,” says Tu.
5. “We hope __________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
6. “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your __________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
7. “The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
8. “A decent winner always __________ (try) to beat the opponent __________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
9. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the __________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, __________the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【参考答案】
1.which 2.the 3. pieces, who 4. and 5.to present 6.guidance 7.are revealed 8.tries, by 9. strategic, and, digitally
读后续写
1. My wife and I wanted __________ (share) our new home with family and friends by hosting a small __________ (gather) in the early summer.
2. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard __________ order.
3. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted __________: My brother chose __________ (bring) his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.
4. Though friendly, he could __________ (easy) knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.
5. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him __________ (watch) Toby and keep him outside.
6. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard __________ giving the kids plenty of room.
7. __________ (expected), after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.
8. It was __________ awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog.
9. __________ (eventual ), my brother decided __________ (leave) rather than force the issue.
10. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I __________ (text) him and expressed wishes for him to come out again.
11. His reply came as __________ surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.”
12. __________ (clear), he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little __________ (choose). Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.
13. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, __________ I resisted, __________ (think) he should call first.
14. However, my conscience (良心) kept __________ (bother) me. I tried to put myself __________ my brother’s shoes.
15. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years __________ (pass) away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him __________ (go).
【参考答案】
1. to share, gathering 2. in 3. on, to bring 4. easily 5. to watch 6. and 7. Unexpectedly 8. an 9. Eventually, to leave 10. texted 11. a 12. Clearly, choice 13. but, thinking 14. bothering, in 15. had passed, going
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