Unit 6 When disaster strikes 课时1 Starting out & 词汇课件+音频(共46张PPT)外研版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 6 When disaster strikes 课时1 Starting out & 词汇课件+音频(共46张PPT)外研版(2024)八年级上册

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(共46张PPT)
When disaster strikes
Unit 6
Starting out&阅读词汇
初中英语 / 外研版 / 八年级上册
学习目标
掌握单元重点词汇,能够认读并理解。掌握规则相关词汇:rules, norms, standards, follow, break, order并运用情态动词表达规则:must/mustn’t, should/shouldn’t, have to(学习理解)
01
2、能通过图片提取信息,用英语回答问题(如 “Do you know the stories... ”“How has people’s understanding...changed ”);能简单描述神话故事与自然灾害的联系,提升阅读与口语表达能力。
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3、了解人类对自然灾害认知的发展过程,树立科学认知自然的态度,培养文化素养与思维品质。
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Contents
Lead in
01
Presentation
02
Practice
03
Production
04
05
06
Exercises
Homework
Key vocabulary
/graund/n.地,地面
拓展
含义 1:地,地面(指户外的硬地、泥土表面)
含义 2:场地(特指用于运动、活动的区域)
ground
例句
We planted small trees in the ground in our school garden.
短语
on the ground 在地面上
in the ground 在泥土里
Key vocabulary
/lnst/ adj.不复存在的;不再拥有的
拓展
形容词(adj.):表示 “不复存在的;迷路的;陷入…… 状态的”
动词过去式 / 过去分词(v.):对应动词 “lose”(丢失;失去)
lost
例句
She was lost in the shopping mall and asked a security guard for help.
短语
be lost迷路
get lost迷路
Key vocabulary
/skeod/adj. 害怕的,恐惧的
拓展
用于修饰人(描述人的感受),不修饰事物
scared
例句
I was scared to walk alone at night when I was small.
短语
be scared of (sb/sth/doing sth)
含义:害怕某人 / 某物 / 做某事(后接名词、代词或动名词)
be scared to do sth
含义:不敢做某事(后接不定式,强调 “因害怕而不敢行动”)
短语
Key vocabulary
/∫^t/v.(使)关(合)上,(使)关闭
拓展
(使)关(合)上(及物动词,可直接接宾语,如关门、关窗)
shut
例句
The teacher told the noisy students to shut up and pay attention.
短语
shut out 排除
shut up 闭嘴
shut off关掉
Key vocabulary
/ k /adj. 惊人的,骇人的,令人难以置信的
拓展
动词原形为 “shock”(v. 使震惊)
名词形式为 “shock”(n. 震惊)
shocking
例句
The number of people hurt in the storm is really shocking.
短语
shocking + 名词(修饰事物)描述某事物具有 “令人震惊” 的属性
be + shocking(表事物性质)用 “be 动词 + shocking” 判断事物是否 “令人震惊”
Key vocabulary
/k t /n. 公共马车,四轮大马车
拓展
名词含义 1:公共马车,四轮大马车常出现在历史或故事语境中)
含义 2:教练(体育、技能类指导者,贴近学生校园生活,如足球教练、篮球教练)
coach
例句
In the old story, people took a coach to travel between cities.
短语
take a coach(乘坐公共马车)
by coach(乘坐公共马车 / 长途客车,表交通方式,不加冠词)
Key vocabulary
/stre t/adv. 笔直地,成直线地
拓展
副词(adv.):笔直地;直接地”,多修饰动词(如走、说、看)
形容词(adj.): “直的;连续的”,多修饰名词
straight
例句
Go straight along the hallway, and our classroom is on the right.
短语
go straight直走
speak straight直说
a straight line一条直线
Key vocabulary
/fl d/n. 洪水,水灾
拓展
名词(n.): 洪水,水灾
动词(v.): 淹没;泛滥(描述洪水的动作,如 “洪水淹没村庄”),
flood
例句
The flood waters slowly retreated.
洪水慢慢地消退。
短语
flood disaster 洪水灾害
flood in/out 涌入 / 涌出
Key vocabulary
/s nd/n. 沙滩
拓展
含义 1:沙,沙子(不可数名词,指颗粒状的沙子,如沙滩上的沙、建筑用沙)
含义 2:沙滩(常用复数形式 “sands”)
sand
例句
She sat on the sand and built a small house with her hands.
短语
on the sand(在沙子上,指具体的沙面)
on the sands(在沙滩上,指整片沙滩区域)
Key vocabulary
/θ k/adj. 浓密的;混浊的
拓展
含义 1:厚的(描述物体厚度,如书、纸、衣服);
含义 2:浓密的(描述毛发、树叶、烟雾等密集状态);
含义 3:混浊的(描述液体、空气等不清晰的状态)
thick
例句
The river water became thick after the rain, so we couldn’t see the fish.(
短语
thick + 表 “厚度” 的名词 thick book(厚书)
thick + 表 “浓密” 的名词thick hair(浓
密的头发)
thick + 表 “混浊” 的名词thick water(浑浊的水)
Key vocabulary
/sm k/n. (燃烧产生的) 烟
拓展
名词(n.):
(燃烧产生的)烟
动词(v.):
1、吸烟(如 “抽烟” 的动作);
2、冒烟(指物体燃烧时释放烟雾)
smoke
例句
fter the fire started, thick smoke filled the room quickly.
短语
thick smoke浓烟
black smoke黑烟
Key vocabulary
/ a /n. 一大批,一阵
拓展
名词(n.):
1、淋浴(日常高频义,学生最熟悉的场景,如 “洗淋浴”);
2、一阵(雨、雪、冰雹等)
动词(v.): “洗淋浴”
shower
例句
A sudden shower of rain stopped us from playing basketball outside.
短语
take a shower 洗淋浴
a shower of + 自然现象(rain/snow/hail)(一阵……,
Key vocabulary
/h st r kl/adj. (有关) 历史的
拓展
adv.historically历史上地;从历史观点上说
n.history历史,历史学;历史记录historian历史学家
historical
例句
Last month, our class visited a historical site to learn about local history.
短语
historical events(历史事件)
historical buildings(历史建筑)
historical site(历史遗迹)
Key vocabulary
/ eksp t/n. 专家
拓展
expert + 介词(in/on/at)
介词差异:
“in”:用于 “学科、领域”(如数学、历史、计算机);
“on”:用于 “具体主题、课题”(如环保、古代文化);
“at”:用于 “具体技能”(如绘画、运动、乐器)。
expert
例句
He considers himself an expert.
他认为自己是专家。
短语
expert in熟于;在…方面是行家
expert at擅长
expert knowledge专家知识,专门知识
Key vocabulary
/ ta mla n/n. 时间表
timeline
例句
That now seems an impossible timeline.
现在看来,这似乎是一个不可能的时间表。
短语
a timeline of + 事件(表 “…… 的时间线”);a timeline for + 任务(表 “…… 的时间表”)
Key vocabulary
/ri k n/n. 反应
拓展
“reaction” 侧重 “本能 / 即时的反应”(如情绪、动作上的快速回应);
“response” 侧重 “有思考的回应”(如对问题的回答、对请求的答复);
reaction
例句
She had a reaction of surprise when she heard the news.
听到消息时,她表现出惊讶的反应。
短语
reaction to sth/sb对…… 的反应
“a quick reaction”(快速反应)
Part 1
Lead in
Listen and guess the name of the disaster.
火灾
地震
台风
雷暴雨
暴风雪
What is it
Think and answer the question
How do you feel when you hear these sounds
The wind sounds sharp and cold, so I feel a little scared. I’m worried my hands or face might get frozen if I stay outside.
What’s your feeling
Part 2
Presentation
Do you know the stories in the pictures
Da Yu Governed the Flood
Hou Yi Shoots the Suns
Nvwa Repairs the Sky
Look at the picture then answer the questions.
Let’s tell a story about the pictures.
Which picture do you choose
You can use the following sentences to tell the story.
Let’s tell a story about the pictures.
The picture is about... She/He... Because there was a... disaster. Finally,...
Let’s know more about myths
诺亚方舟(《圣经》神话)
上帝因人类作恶,降下连续 40 天 40 夜的暴雨,引发滔天洪水,淹没了陆地和大部分生物。诺亚遵从上帝指示,建造方舟,带着家人和每种生物的一对躲过灾难。
Let’s know more about myths
普罗米修斯盗火(希腊神话)
远古时代,人类没有火,只能在黑暗中生活,饱受严寒侵袭,还无法煮熟食物、抵御野兽,生存艰难(类似 “持续性严寒灾害” 的影响)。普罗米修斯为帮助人类,盗取太阳神阿波罗的火种带给人类,让人类学会用火取暖、做饭、防御,摆脱了生存危机。
Let’s know more about myths
大禹治水(上古神话)
尧舜时期,黄河泛滥成灾,洪水淹没农田、冲毁家园,百姓流离失所。大禹接替父亲鲧治水,放弃 “堵水” 改为 “疏导”,历经 13 年走遍天下,开凿河道,让洪水顺着河道流入大海,最终平息灾害。
Let’s know more about myths.
女娲补天(上古神话)
水神共工与火神祝融争斗,共工战败后怒撞不周山,导致天塌地陷、天河倾泻,引发大面积洪水;同时山林燃起大火,凶猛野兽冲出残害人类。女娲炼五色石补天,斩巨鳌四足以立四极,堵截洪水、斩杀猛兽,拯救了人类。
Group discussion:
Which natural disasters could they relate to
flood
n. 洪水
drought
n. 旱灾
flood, drought, fire, earthquake
n. 地震
Which natural disasters could they relate to
flood
n. 洪水
starvation
饥荒
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1. What kind of natural disasters
do you know
2. How has people's understanding
of natural disasters changed
The connection between myths and natural disasters
神话名称 关联的自然灾害 古人的认知方式
女娲补天 天塌地陷(极端天象 / 地质灾害) 超自然力量(神灵)主导灾害,需神力修复秩序
诺亚方舟 大洪水 神的惩罚 / 警示,顺从神灵可获救赎
大禹治水 洪水 灾害可通过人力疏导、顺应自然规律治理
普罗米修斯盗火 火灾(原始火种失控 / 自然火) 火是神灵掌控的力量,人类需借助神力获取并掌控
Part 3
Practice
① List 5 natural disasters you know.
② Describe one disaster in detail (e.g., How does it happen What damage does it cause ).
③ What should people do to stay safe during this disaster
Look at the questions and think
Now complete the "Natural Disaster Questionnaire"
灾害问卷调研
5种自然灾害:__________、__________、__________、__________、__________
详细描述一种灾害:_________________________________________________________
防灾建议:_________________________________________________________
Are myths about natural disasters useful or not
Do a debate:
Natural disaster myths are useful
Natural disaster myths are not useful
Part 4
Production
Chooses a natural disaster to complete the "coverage" task:
①Introduce the basic information of disaster
②analysis the disaster
③Disaster prevention suggestions
Let’s do "Disaster News Reporter" project-based task
① Today, we’ll talk about _______. It usually happens in _______.
② It can _______. People may _______.
③ To stay safe, you should _______.
Part 5
Exercises
一、单项选择题
1.—Do you feel ______ when you see snakes —Yes, I do.
A. lost B. scared C. shocking D. thick
2.We should walk ______ along the road.
A. straight B. historical C. expert D. timeline
3.A heavy ______ made the river rise quickly.
A. sand B. coach C. ground D. flood
4.Mr. Smith is a(n) ______ on ancient history.
A. reaction B. sand C. expert D. shower
5.Please give me a ______ of your daily activities.
A. reaction B. sand C. flood D. timeline
B
A
D
C
D
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1、为了保护眼睛,请关上灯。
Please ____________ the light ____________protect your eyes.
2、浓烟从窗户里冒出来。
Heavy ____________ came out of the window.
3、这是一个有历史意义的地方。
This is a ____________ place.
4、他对这个决定的反应是什么?
What's his ____________ to the decision
5、别在地上扔垃圾。
Don't throw rubbish on the ___________ .
shut to
smoke
historical
historical
ground
Part 6
Homework
基础层:用英语写一篇短文(不少于 80 词),介绍一种你最感兴趣的自然灾害,包含 “名称、危害、防灾建议”。
进阶层:采访身边 3 位长辈,了解他们对 “自然灾害认知的变化”,用英语整理成一份简短报告,下节课分享。
Thank you!

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