资源简介

(共20张PPT)
Discovering Useful Structures
Unit 5
Languages Around
the World
A relative clause , or a adjective clause is a type of clause in a sentence that modifies a noun or pronoun in the independent sentence.
定语从句，或者说形容词性从句就是从句在句子中充当定语的作用，用来修饰前面名词或代词的句子。
antecedent先行词
relative word
关系词
clause
从句
+
+
Task 1：Review: What is a restrictive clause structure
（which, who, whom…）

Lead-in
Lead-in
simplified Chinese characters(简体字)
Task 2：Read and Observe
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. (Para.1, L2-3)
...the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. (Para.2, L2-4)
Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to... (Para.3, L3-7)
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. (Para.4, L1-2)
The basic form of RRC:
Noun/Pronoun+[linking word+other elements]
RRC
when, where, why, prep+which...
simplified Chinese characters(简体字)
Task 3：Learn Relative Words
.
Lead-in
relative words
关系词
relative pronouns
relative adverbs
that
whom
which
who
whose
when
where
why
antecedent
P&T
T
P
P
P&T
time
place
reason
Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate P64
It was a time when people were divided geographically.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.
These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
Presentation
Task 1：识别关系副词引导的从句结构
Presentation
Eg：I still remember the days when we swam together in the river.
总结关系副词的作用：
指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词
连接主句和从句
在从句中充当句子成分—状语
先行词
（表示时间）
关系副词
（作状语）
定语从句
Task 2：归纳关系副词的核心功能
用关系副词when时，先行词指时间 (如time, day, year, occasion, moment, period等)，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+which”。
I still remember the day when I first came to Nanjing.
Mr Black was born in the year when World War Ⅱ broke out.
= in which
= on which
1. when
用when时，先行词是物，在定从中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when/on which Silico Valley Bank（硅谷银行） went bankrupt(破产).
This is the year when/in which Michelle Yeoh(杨紫琼) made history by winning the Oscar(奥斯卡) for lead actress.
= in the year
= on the day
when
where
why
用关系副词where时，先行词指地点 (如place, room, house, area, point, situation, case, country, world等)，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+which”。
This is the farm where we worked when we were young.
The school where his mother teaches is in the west of the city.
= on which
= in which
2. where
where
where 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词，如school， house，place等；也包括抽象的地点position，stage，point，situation；隐形的地点：news，story，words，app，business在定语从句中作地点状语。
用where时，先行词是物，在定从中作地点状语。
Temu(拼多多) is a shopping app where/through which Americans can get cheap products .
TikTok where/on which people share their lives are banned on government devices.
= through the app
= on TikTok
when
where
why
用关系副词why时，先行词指原因 (先行词一般是reason)，
why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+ which”。
There are several reasons why the boys should be punished.
Tom couldn’t give the teacher the reason why he was late.
= for which
= for which
3. why
用why时，先行词是reason，why在定从中作原因状语。
There are several reasons why/for which Post Truth(保你平安) has drawn strong reviews（获得强烈评价）.
The reason why/for which Flowers are loved by so many people is the lyrics(歌词).
= for the reasons
= for the reason
when
where
why
1. The village has developed a lot ______ my brother and I learned farming five years ago.
where
Practice
2. Life is like a long race _______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
where
Practice
3. October 1, 1949 was the day ______ the PRC was founded.
when
Practice
4. I don’t believe the reason ____________ he gave me yesterday and that’s the reason ______ I called him just now.
(which/that)
why
Practice
Practice
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _______________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _______________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place _______________ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal ___________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _______________ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum!
where/in which
when/on which
where
which/that
why
1.Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. P64
Summary
定语从句三步解体法：
一、划出定语从句；
二、判断关系词在从句中做的成分———主宾表：关系代词；状：关系副词
三、根据先行词确定关系词
定
语
从
句
的
引
导
词
关系代词
关系副词
指人
指物
that(主语/宾语/表语), which(主语/宾语),who(主语/宾语), whom(宾语), whose(定语)，as(主语/宾语/表语)
that(主语、宾语), which(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
where (地点状语)
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
Ps:关系词在从句中做状语时，连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词
Summary
Thank you!

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