资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A单词精讲
01 ourselves /ɑ selvz/
02 themselves / m selvz/
情景学单词：
How do we take care of ourselves 我们如何照顾好自己？
ourselves 是代词，意为：我们自己
It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. 这是他们第一次离开家人独立生活，他们很享受自己学习如何做各种事情的过程。
themselves 是代词，意为：他(或她、它) 们自己
派生词：
ourselves → 主格: we → 宾格：us → 形容词性物主代词：our → 名词性物主代词：oursthemselves → 主格: they → 宾格：them → 形容词性物主代词：their → 名词性物主代词：theirs
常见搭配/用法：
by oneself 独自/靠我们自己
We cooked the meal by ourselves. 我们自己做了这顿饭。。
hurt oneself 伤到自己
Be careful—don’t hurt yourselves when playing football. 小心点，踢足球时别伤到自己。Be careful! They may hurt themselves while playing. 小心！他们玩耍时可能会伤到自己。
talk to oneself自言自语
We sometimes talk to ourselves when we’re thinking. 我们思考的时候，有时会自言自语。Some old people like to talk to themselves. 有些老人喜欢自言自语。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空(1) We need to believe in ourselves (our) and never give up.(2) My parents were busy, so we cooked dinner by ourselves (we).(3) The students prepared the party all by themselves (them).(4) They enjoyed themselves at the party (they).
2. 选择题：( B ) We taught ______ to play the guitar by watching online videos.A. us B. ourselves C. our
03 sore /s (r)/
04 ache /e k/
05 pain /pe n/
06 painful / pe nf( )l/
07 tight /ta t/
情景学单词：
①I’m suffering from a sore throat now. 我现在喉咙疼得厉害。
②My legs are sore after running yesterday.昨天跑步后，我的腿很酸痛。
sore 是形容词，意为：①疼痛的；②酸痛的
①I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. 我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼得厉害。
②Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。
ache 是动词，意为：①疼痛ache 还可以作名词，意为：②疼痛
①The pain in his knee lasted for weeks. 他膝盖的疼痛持续了好几周。②The loss of her pet brought her great pain. 失去宠物给她带来了巨大的痛苦。
pain 是名词，意为①疼痛；②痛苦
①She has a painful cut on her hand. 她手上有一道疼痛的伤口。②It was a painful memory for her to talk about. 谈论这件事对她来说是一段痛苦的回忆。
painful 是形容词，意为:①(身体部位) 疼痛的；②令人痛苦的
①Her legs are tight from running—she needs to stretch.跑步后她的腿紧绷酸痛，得拉伸一下。②I feel tight in the chest after running fast—need to catch my breath.快跑后我胸口发闷憋气，得喘口气。③His face felt warm, and his throat felt tight. 他的脸感觉很热，喉咙也感觉很紧。④Is this shelf tight enough I’m worried it might fall.这个架子够牢固吗？我担心它会掉下来。
tight 是形容词，意为：①疼痛的；②憋气的；③紧的；④牢固的
辨析：
sore: 肌肉因劳累、轻微损伤 导致的酸痛，或 体表轻微炎症（如喉咙、皮肤） 必须修饰具体身体部位（sore + 部位）,My legs are sore after hiking.徒步后我腿酸痛。—— 肌肉疲劳痛She has a sore throat and can’t drink cold water.她喉咙发炎，不能喝冷水。—— 体表炎症痛
ache: 持续时间长、不尖锐的深层疼痛，多来自内脏、关节或骨骼（如头痛、腰痛、牙痛） 可作名词，也可以作动词 Her knees ache when it rains.下雨时她膝盖隐痛。—— 动词用法He felt an ache in his chest after running too fast.跑得太快后他胸口隐痛。—— 名词 + in 短语
pain: 可指任何程度、任何类型的身体疼痛（从轻微刺痛到剧痛），也可指心理上的痛苦 The cut on my hand causes sharp pain.我手上的伤口一阵剧痛。—— 身体剧痛Losing his pet brought him great pain.失去宠物给了他巨大的痛苦。—— 心理痛苦tight: 紧绷感带来的酸痛，多和肌肉、关节相关，常由劳累、姿势不当或运动后肌肉紧张引起。My shoulders feel tight after working on the computer all day.整天用电脑，我肩膀又紧又酸。Her legs are tight from running—she needs to stretch.跑步后她的腿紧绷酸痛，得拉伸一下。
常见搭配/用法：
be sore + 部位My back is sore.我背痛。have a + 部位 + acheI have a stomachache. 我胃痛。部位 + acheMy tooth aches.我牙痛。have a pain in + 部位I have a pain in my shoulder. 我肩膀痛。be tight + 身体部位（肌肉 / 关节），常搭配 feel、get 等动词My neck gets tight if I sleep with a thick pillow. 用厚枕头睡觉，我的脖子会紧绷疼痛。
即学即练：
用 sore/ache/pain/tight
1. My legs are tight after running 5 kilometers—need to stretch.
2. She has a bad ache in her stomach from eating too much cold food.
3. Losing her best friend brought her great pain that lasted months.
4. She can’t sing today because she has a sore throat.
08 throat /θr t/
情景学单词：
I’m suffering from a sore throat now. 我现在喉咙疼得厉害。
throat 是名词，意为：喉咙
常见搭配/用法：
sore throat 喉咙痛
即学即练：
She has a shore throat and needs to avoid cold drinks.
翻译句子：她喉咙痛，所以需要避免饮用冷饮。
09 stomach / st m k/
情景学单词：
I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. 我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼得厉害。
stomach 是名词，意为：胃；腹部
即学即练：
I ate some unclean food and now have an upset stomach.翻译句子：我吃了些不干净的食物，现在胃不舒服了。
10 stomachache / st m ke k/
11 headache / hede k/
12 toothache / tu θe k/
13 backache / b ke k/
情景学单词：
I have stomachache. 我胃痛。I have a really bad headache. 我头疼得厉害。I have a really bad toothache. 我牙痛得厉害。I fell during the football game yesterday. It seemed OK at first, but now I have a backache. 昨天踢足球的时候我摔倒了。起初感觉还好，但现在我的后背疼了起来。
stomachache 是名词，意为：胃痛；肚子痛headache 是名词，意为：头痛toothache 是名词，意为：牙痛backache 是名词，意为：背痛；腰痛
构词法：
stomach 胃；腹部 +ache 疼痛 → stomachache 胃痛；肚子痛head 头 +ache 疼痛 → headache 头痛tooth 牙齿 +ache 疼痛 → toothache 牙痛back 背 + ache 疼痛 → backache 背痛；腰痛
常见搭配/用法：
have a + 名词have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 胃痛；肚子痛have a toothache 牙痛 have a backache 背痛
即学即练：
一. 用 headache/stomachache/toothache/backache 填空1. I ate too much cold food, so I have a stomachache.2. She can’t sleep because of a bad toothache —she needs to see a dentist.3. My dad has a backache from working at the desk all day.4. —Do you have a headache —Yes, my head hurts badly5. Don’t eat too many candies, or you’ll get a toothache.二. 选择题：( A )—What’s wrong with you —I ______ a stomachache.A. have B. has C. had
14 press /pres/
情景学单词：
①Press down on your nose. 按压你的鼻子。②She pressed the juice from the oranges. 她挤压橙子榨出了汁。③He pressed the door shut with his shoulder. 他用肩膀用力推，关上了门。
press是动词，意为：①压；按；②挤；③推
派生词：
press → pressure n. 压力
即学即练：
Press the switch to turn off the light. 翻译句子：按开关关灯。
15 bleed /bli d/
16 nosebleed / n zbli d/
情景学单词：
She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她因受到惊吓而神志不清，胳膊还在流血。He cut his hand with a knife and it bled a little.他用刀割破了手，流了一点血。
bleed 是动词，意为：流血；出血； 其过去式为：bled
He got a nosebleed after hitting his face on the door. 他脸撞到门上，流起了鼻血。
nosebleed 是名词，意为：鼻出血
构词法：
nose 鼻子 + bleed 出血 → 鼻出血
派生词：
bleed → blood n. 血；血液
常见搭配/用法：
bleed from + 部位 从某部位出血
She fell off her bike and was bleeding from her knee. 她从自行车上摔下来，膝盖在流血。
stop the bleeding 止血
Press the wound hard to stop the bleeding. 用力按压伤口止血。
即学即练：
选择题1. ( A ) His nose ______ when he fell down the stairs.A. bled B. bleed C. bleeding2.( A ) How do you ______ a nosebleed quickly A. stop B. have C. get
3. He cut his finger and it bled a lot.翻译句子：他手指割破了，流了很多血。
17 dentist / dent st/
情景学单词：
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. 你应该去看牙医并做一次 X 光检查。
dentist 是名词，意为：牙科医生
常见搭配/用法：
see a dentist 看牙医 go to the dentist 去看牙医
即学即练：
1. 我的牙齿疼得厉害。我得去看牙医了。翻译句子： My tooth hurts badly. I need to see a dentist.
18 fever / fi v (r)/
情景学单词：
I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧了。
fever 是名词，意为：发烧
常见搭配/用法：
have a fever 发烧 have a high/low fever 发高烧 / 发低烧
即学即练：
1. 他发高烧，不能去学校。翻译句子： He has a high fever and can’t go to school.
19 avoid / v d/
情景学单词：
Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。
avoid是动词，意为：避免；防止
派生词：
avoid → avoidable adj. 可避免的 → unavoidable adj. 不可避免的
常见搭配/用法：
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
To stay healthy, avoid staying up late. 为了保持健康，避免熬夜。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He tried to avoid making (make)the same mistake again.2. Avoid eating too much sugar is good for your teeth.翻译句子：少吃糖对保护牙齿有益。
20 gas /ɡ s/
情景学单词：
①Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。②We use gas to cook meals in the kitchen. 我们用燃气在厨房做饭。
gas是名词，意为：①气体；②燃气
派生词：
gas →gaseous adj. 气态的; 气体的 → gasoline n. 汽油
即学即练：
离开前记得先关闭燃气。翻译句子：Remember to turn off the gas before leaving.
21 X-ray / eks re /
情景学单词：
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. 你应该去看牙医并做一次 X 光检查。
X-ray 是名词，意为：X光照片；X射线
常见搭配/用法：
get/have an X-ray 拍 X 光片、做 X 光检查
He had an X-ray after the car accident. 车祸后他拍了 X 光片。
take an X-ray of + 部位 给某部位拍 X 光片
The nurse took an X-ray of his shoulder. 护士给她的肩膀拍了 X 光片。
即学即练：
我牙痛得厉害，牙医说我需要拍 X 光片。翻译句子：I have a bad toothache. My dentist said I need to get an X-ray.
22 careless / ke l s/
情景学单词：
Accidents can happen when we’re careless. 当我们粗心大意时，事故就有可能发生。
careless是形容词，意为：不小心的；粗心的
派生词：
careless → care v. 照料，护理；小心 n. 照料；在意→ careful adj. 小心的 → carefully adj. 小心的
常见搭配/用法：
It’s careless of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是粗心的
It’s careless of him to forget his keys again. 他又忘了带钥匙，真粗心。
be careless with sth. 对某物 / 某事不细心
The student was careless with his homework and made many mistakes.这个学生对作业不认真，犯了很多错误。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空：care/ careful/ careless1. She is always careful with her work and never makes mistakes.2. You should care about your health and get enough sleep.3. Don’t be careless when crossing the street—look both ways.
二. 她太粗心了，把雨伞忘在了公交车上。翻译句子：It’s careless of her to leave her umbrella on the bus.
23 runny / r ni/
情景学单词：
①I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧了。②The smoke made her eyes runny and red.烟雾让她眼睛发红、流眼泪。
runny 是形容词，意为：①流鼻涕的；②流眼泪的
即学即练：
他感冒了，流鼻涕还咳嗽翻译句子：He has a cold with a runny nose and a cough.
24 cough /k f/
情景学单词：
I have a really bad cough. 我咳嗽得非常厉害。
cough是名词，意为：咳嗽
The smoke made him cough. 烟雾使他咳嗽起来。
cough是动词，意为：咳嗽
常见搭配/用法：
have a cough 咳嗽 have a bad/dry/wet cough 严重咳嗽 / 干咳 / 湿咳
即学即练：
他咳嗽很严重，需要去看医生说。翻译句子：He has a bad cough and needs to see a doctor.
25 bruised /bru zd/
情景学单词：
Her knee is bruised from falling off the bike.她从自行车上摔下来，膝盖青了。
bruised是形容词，意为：受了瘀伤的
派生词：
bruised → bruise n. 瘀伤、淤青；碰伤
常见搭配/用法：
get/become bruised 变得瘀青
Her legs get bruised easily when she exercises. 她运动时腿很容易瘀青。
即学即练：
He hit his leg on the table and it became bruised and swollen. (swollen 肿胀的)翻译句子：他的腿撞到了桌子上，结果腿上起了瘀伤并且肿了起来。
26 suffer / s f (r)/
27 suffer from
情景学单词：
I’m suffer from a bad headache. 我正在经受头痛的折磨。
suffer 是动词，意为：受苦；遭受；短语suffer from 意为：受苦；受折磨
常见搭配/用法：
suffer from + 疾病 / 症状 遭受…… 病、患…… 症
She suffers from a bad backache after sitting too long. 她久坐后深受背痛困扰。
即学即练：
他上周受牙痛折磨，去看了牙医。
翻译句子：He suffered from a toothache last week and went to the dentist.
28 take a seat
情景学单词：
Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling 请坐，海伦。你感觉怎么样？
短语take a seat 意为：坐下
即学即练：
请坐，喝点水吗？翻译句子：Take a seat, please. Would you like some water
29 take one’s temperature
情景学单词：
Let me take your temperature. 让我来给你量一下体温。
短语take one’s temperature 意为：给某人量体温
即学即练：
我量了体温，发现有点低烧。翻译句子：I took my temperature and found that I had a fever.
30 test /test/
31 check /t ek/
情景学单词：
①We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我认为你可能是得了流感。②We have a math test next Monday. 我们下周一有一场数学考试。
test是名词，意为：①检查；②测验
①The doctor tested her eyesight during the exam. 医生在检查时测了她的视力。②The teacher tested us on grammar yesterday. 老师昨天考了我们语法。
test是动词，意为：①检查；②测验
①The doctor asked a health check to make sure I’m okay.医生让我做一次健康检查，确保我身体没问题。
②The police did a check of the area after the accident. 事故发生后，警方对该区域进行了调查。
check是名词，意为：①检查；②调查
①At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully.在医院里，医生仔细地检查了凯莉的胳膊。②Can you check who took my notebook I can’t find it.你能查明是谁拿了我的笔记本吗？我找不到了。
check是动词，意为：①检查；②查明
辨析：
想表达 “快速看一眼、核对一下”→ 用 check（如 check time/keys/door）想表达 “专业检测、系统验证、能力考核”→ 用 test（如 test blood/software/skills）健康场景中，“常规体检、快速测量” 用 check，“实验室分析、专项检测” 用 test
常见搭配/用法：
test
take a test/ have a test 考试
We have three tests this week. 我们这周有三场考试。
pass/fail a test 通过 / 未通过考试
He passed the driving test on his first try. 他第一次考驾照就通过了。
check
check on sb./sth. 查看某人 / 某物的状况
I’ll call to check on my mom after work. 下班后我会打电话问问妈妈的情况。
check out 查看、核实；办理退房
I need to check out the reviews before buying the book.买这本书前我得看看评价。We have to check out by 12 noon. 我们中午 12 点前必须退房。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空：check / test 1. I need to check my email before leaving the office.
2. This difficult task is a test of your skills.
二. 选择题3. ( A ) The lab is ______ the water for pollution.A. testing B. checking C. examing 4. ( B ) I need to ________ my email before leaving the office.
A. test B. check C. exam
32 flu /flu /
情景学单词：
We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我认为你可能是得了流感。
flu是名词，意为：流行性感冒
常见搭配/用法：
have the flu 得流感
My dad has the flu and stays in bed. 我爸爸得了流感，卧床休息。
get the flu 患流感
You can get the flu if you don’t wear warm clothes. 不穿暖和点，你可能会得流感。
即学即练：
1. 她得了流感，不能去上学了。翻译句子: She has the flu and can’t go to school.
2. Winter is the flu season. Many people get sick.
翻译句子：冬季是流感高发期。很多人会生病。
33 medicine / medsn/
34 pill /p l/
情景学单词：
①You should take some medicine and drink enough water. 你应该服用一些药物，并且要多喝水。②He wants to study medicine and become a doctor.他想学习医学，成为一名医生。
medicine是名词，意为：①药；②医学
Peter’s ear hurt, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. 彼得的耳朵疼，所以医生给他开了些药来缓解疼痛。
pill是名词，意为：药丸；药片
派生词：
medicine → medical adj. 医学的; 医疗的
辨析：
pill “具体的固体药片 / 药丸”，可数名词medicine “药物总称”，可指任何形态（药片、糖浆、药膏等），不可数名词I need to buy some medicine. 我需要买点药。—— 泛指药物，可能是药片、糖浆等I need to buy some pills. 我需要买点药片。—— 明确是固体药片
常见搭配/用法：
take (some) medicine 吃药、服药
You must take medicine after meals. 你必须饭后吃药。
take a pill/take pills 吃一片药 / 吃多片药
Take a pill if you have a headache. 头痛的话就吃一片药。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空: pill / medicine1. Take two pills every night before bed.2. She bought some cold medicine from the store.
二. 选择题：( C ) He needs to buy some ______ for his flu.A. pill B. medicines C. medicine
35 mask /mɑ sk/
情景学单词：
When you’re outside, please wear a mask.外出时，请佩戴口罩。
mask是名词，意为：口罩
常见搭配/用法：
wear a mask 戴口罩
即学即练：
She wore a mask to protect herself from the virus.翻译句子: 她戴口罩以防病毒感染。
36 virus / va r s/
情景学单词：
It stops us from passing the flu virus yo others easily. 它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。
virus是名词，意为：病毒
常见搭配/用法：
catch a virus 感染病毒 kill a virus 杀死病毒
即学即练：
Washing hands often can help us stay away from viruses.翻译句子：勤洗手能帮助我们远离病毒。
37 stop ... from doing
情景学单词：
It stops us from passing the flu virus yo others easily. 它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。
短语stop...from doing 意为：防止......; 阻止......
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please stop the dog from chasing (chase) the cat.2. 下雨让我们没能出去。
翻译句子：The rain stopped us from going out.
38 description /d skr p n/
情景学单词：
Her description of the village made me want to visit it. 她对村庄的描述让我想去看看。
description是名词，意为：描写；形容
派生词：
description → describe v. 描述；描写
常见搭配/用法：
give a description of 对…… 进行描述
Can you give a description of your new friend 你能描述一下你的新朋友吗？
write a description of 撰写…… 的说明 / 描述
She needs to write a description of her school. 她需要写一份关于她学校的描述。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please describe (description) your favorite food to me.
2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She couldn’t give a clear description (describe) of what happened last night.
3. The guide gave us a brief description of the historical building. (brief 简要的)翻译句子：导游给我们简要介绍了这座历史建筑。
39 patient / pe ( )nt/
情景学单词：
There are many patients in the hospital. 医院里有很多患者。
patient是名词，意为：病人
You need to be patient with little children. 你对小孩子要耐心。
patient是形容词，意为：有耐心的
派生词：
patient → patience n. 耐心；忍耐 → impatient adj. 没耐心的；急躁的 → patiently adv. 耐心地
常见搭配/用法：
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
Parents should be patient with their kids. 父母应该对孩子有耐心。
be patient of sth. 容忍某事
It’s hard to be patient of noise. 容忍噪音很难。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空： The patient (patient) waited for the doctor for 20 minutes.
2. 这位护士对所有患者都很有耐心。翻译句子：This nurse is very patient with all patients.
40 injury / nd ri/
41 harm /hɑ m/
42 harmful / hɑ mf( )l/
情景学单词：
He got a small injury on his hand from the knife. 他的手被刀子划了个小伤口。
injury是名词，意为：伤害；损伤
What should we do to keep ourselves safe from harm 我们应该做些什么来保护自己免受伤害呢？
harm是名词，意为：伤害；损害
Don’t harm the small animals. 不要伤害小动物。
harm是动词，意为：伤害；损害
Dirty water is harmful to fish. 脏水对鱼有害。
harmful是形容词，意为：有害的
辨析：
描述身体意外创伤（如摔伤、划伤、运动受伤）→ 用 injuryShe suffered a head injury in the fall. 她摔倒时头部受伤描述抽象损害（如健康、环境、关系、权益）→ 用 harmPollution does great harm to the environment. 污染对环境危害大描述非身体的具体损害（如植物、物品）→ 用 harmCold weather harms flowers. 寒冷天气伤害花朵
派生词：
injury → injure v. 伤害；损伤
常见搭配/用法：
injury
get an injury 受伤
You may get an injury if you don’t wear sports shoes. 不穿运动鞋可能会受伤。
suffer an injury 遭受伤害
He suffered a serious injury in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。
avoid injury 避免受伤
Wear a helmet to avoid head injury. 戴头盔避免头部受伤。
harm
do harm to 对…… 有害
Too much screen time does harm to eyes. 看屏幕太久对眼睛有害。
harmful
be harmful to对…… 有害
Junk food is harmful to our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。
即学即练：
1. 运动前热身能帮助你避免受伤。(warm up 热身)翻译句子：Warming up before sports can help you avoid injury.2. 这种气体对环境有害。(environment)翻译句子：This kind of gas does harm to the environment.3. 大声的音乐对耳朵有害。翻译句子：Loud music is harmful to ears.
4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The nurse is treating the old man’s injury (injure) on his hand.5. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：This kind of plant is harmful (harm) to animals.6. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Too much coffee does harm (harm) to your stomach.
43 illness / ln s/
情景学单词：
His illness kept him in bed for a week. 他的病让他卧床一周。
illness是名词，意为：疾病
派生词：
illness → ill adj. 生病的；不适的
常见搭配/用法：
have an illness 生病
My little sister has a short illness and will be fine soon. 我妹妹得了一场小病，很快就会好。
suffer from an illness 患有…… 病，侧重长期或反复患病
Her grandfather suffers from a heart illness and can’t walk fast. 她爷爷患有心脏病，不能快走。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：His father had a serious illness (ill) and stayed in hospital.2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She felt ill (ill) and didn’t eat anything.
3. A bad diet can cause many illnesses.翻译句子：不良饮食会引发多种疾病。
44 knife /na f/
情景学单词：
Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut yourself.使用这把刀时要小心！别割伤自己。We need to wash the knives after dinner. 晚饭后我们需要洗刀。
knife是名词，意为：刀 ; 其复数形式为：knives
常见搭配/用法：
cut with a knife 用刀切
Cut the meat with a knife. 用刀切肉。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：There are two knives (knife) on the plate.2. She used a knife to cut the fish.翻译句子：她用刀把鱼切开了。
45 clear /kl (r)/
情景学单词：
I can’t see the mountains — the view isn’t clear today. 我看不到山，今天的视野不清楚。clear 是形容词，意为：清楚的；清晰的Please clear the table after dinner. 晚饭后请收拾桌子。clear 是动词，意为：清理
派生词：
clear → clearly adv. 清晰地；显然地
常见搭配/用法：
clear up 清理；放晴；解决
The sky cleared up after the rain.雨后天空放晴了。Let’s clear up this problem together.我们一起解决这个问题吧。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She explained the question clearly (clear) — everyone understood.2. After the storm, the sky became clear again.翻译句子: 暴风雨过后，天空又恢复了晴朗。
46 what's more
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
短语what’s more 意为：更为重要的是；更有甚者
即学即练：
这本书很有趣，而且读起来很简单。翻译句子：This book is interesting. What's more, it’s easy to read.
47 brightness / bra tn s/
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
brightness 是名词，意为：亮度
派生词：
brightness → bright adj. 明亮的；聪慧的 → brightly adv. 明亮地；鲜明地
常见搭配/用法：
high/low brightness 高 / 低亮度
High brightness is not good for eyes at night. 晚上高亮度对眼睛不好。
即学即练：
1. Please turn down the screen brightness (bright) to protect your eyes.2. The brightness of the lights makes the room warm.翻译句子：灯光的明亮让房间变得温暖。
48 environment / n va r nm nt/
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
environment 是名词，意为：环境
派生词：
environment → environmental adj. 环境的；与环境有关的 → environmentally adv. 与环境相关地；环保地
常见搭配/用法：
protect the environment 保护环境 improve the environment 改善环境
即学即练：
We hope to have a clean and safe living environment.翻译句子：我们希望拥有一个干净且安全的生活环境。
49 cross /kr s/
情景学单词：
①You shouldn’t look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly shouldn’t look at it when you cross the road!你睡觉前不应该看手机，而且当你过马路的时候也不应该看手机！②She crossed her arms and listened quietly.她交叉着手臂，静静地听着。
cross 是动词，意为：①穿越；横过；②交叉
派生词：
cross → crossing n.十字路口；横道
常见搭配/用法：
cross the road 过马路 cross the river 过河cross one’s arms 交叉手臂） cross one’s legs 交叉双腿
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She crossed (cross) the road carefully and went home.2. 他们坐船过河。翻译句子：They crossed the river by boat.
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Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A单词精讲
01 ourselves /ɑ selvz/
02 themselves / m selvz/
情景学单词：
How do we take care of ourselves 我们如何照顾好自己？
ourselves 是 词，意为：__________________
It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. 这是他们第一次离开家人独立生活，他们很享受自己学习如何做各种事情的过程。
themselves 是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
ourselves → 主格: we → 宾格：us → 形容词性物主代词：our → 名词性物主代词：oursthemselves → 主格: they → 宾格：them → 形容词性物主代词：their → 名词性物主代词：theirs
常见搭配/用法：
by oneself 独自/靠我们自己
We cooked the meal by ourselves. 我们自己做了这顿饭。。
hurt oneself 伤到自己
Be careful—don’t hurt yourselves when playing football. 小心点，踢足球时别伤到自己。Be careful! They may hurt themselves while playing. 小心！他们玩耍时可能会伤到自己。
talk to oneself自言自语
We sometimes talk to ourselves when we’re thinking. 我们思考的时候，有时会自言自语。Some old people like to talk to themselves. 有些老人喜欢自言自语。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空(1) We need to believe in (our) and never give up.(2) My parents were busy, so cooked dinner by (we).(3) The students prepared the party all by (them).(4) enjoyed at the party (they).
2. 选择题：( ) We taught ______ to play the guitar by watching online videos.A. us B. ourselves C. our
03 sore /s (r)/
04 ache /e k/
05 pain /pe n/
06 painful / pe nf( )l/
07 tight /ta t/
情景学单词：
①I’m suffering from a sore throat now. 我现在喉咙疼得厉害。
②My legs are sore after running yesterday.昨天跑步后，我的腿很酸痛。
sore 是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
①I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. 我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼得厉害。
②Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。
ache 是 词，意为：① __________________ ache 还可以作 词，意为：② __________________
①The pain in his knee lasted for weeks. 他膝盖的疼痛持续了好几周。②The loss of her pet brought her great pain. 失去宠物给她带来了巨大的痛苦。
pain 是 词，意为① ；②__________________
①She has a painful cut on her hand. 她手上有一道疼痛的伤口。②It was a painful memory for her to talk about. 谈论这件事对她来说是一段痛苦的回忆。
painful 是 词，意为:① ；②__________________
①Her legs are tight from running—she needs to stretch.跑步后她的腿紧绷酸痛，得拉伸一下。②I feel tight in the chest after running fast—need to catch my breath.快跑后我胸口发闷憋气，得喘口气。③His face felt warm, and his throat felt tight. 他的脸感觉很热，喉咙也感觉很紧。④Is this shelf tight enough I’m worried it might fall.这个架子够牢固吗？我担心它会掉下来。
tight 是 词，意为：① ；② ；③ ；④__________________
辨析：
sore: 肌肉因劳累、轻微损伤 导致的酸痛，或 体表轻微炎症（如喉咙、皮肤） 必须修饰具体身体部位（sore + 部位）,My legs are sore after hiking.徒步后我腿酸痛。—— 肌肉疲劳痛She has a sore throat and can’t drink cold water.她喉咙发炎，不能喝冷水。—— 体表炎症痛
ache: 持续时间长、不尖锐的深层疼痛，多来自内脏、关节或骨骼（如头痛、腰痛、牙痛） 可作名词，也可以作动词 Her knees ache when it rains.下雨时她膝盖隐痛。—— 动词用法He felt an ache in his chest after running too fast.跑得太快后他胸口隐痛。—— 名词 + in 短语
pain: 可指任何程度、任何类型的身体疼痛（从轻微刺痛到剧痛），也可指心理上的痛苦 The cut on my hand causes sharp pain.我手上的伤口一阵剧痛。—— 身体剧痛Losing his pet brought him great pain.失去宠物给了他巨大的痛苦。—— 心理痛苦tight: 紧绷感带来的酸痛，多和肌肉、关节相关，常由劳累、姿势不当或运动后肌肉紧张引起。My shoulders feel tight after working on the computer all day.整天用电脑，我肩膀又紧又酸。Her legs are tight from running—she needs to stretch.跑步后她的腿紧绷酸痛，得拉伸一下。
常见搭配/用法：
be sore + 部位My back is sore.我背痛。have a + 部位 + acheI have a stomachache. 我胃痛。部位 + acheMy tooth aches.我牙痛。have a pain in + 部位I have a pain in my shoulder. 我肩膀痛。be tight + 身体部位（肌肉 / 关节），常搭配 feel、get 等动词My neck gets tight if I sleep with a thick pillow. 用厚枕头睡觉，我的脖子会紧绷疼痛。
即学即练：
用 sore/ache/pain/tight
1. My legs are after running 5 kilometers—need to stretch.
2. She has a bad in her stomach from eating too much cold food.
3. Losing her best friend brought her great that lasted months.
4. She can’t sing today because she has a throat.
08 throat /θr t/
情景学单词：
I’m suffering from a sore throat now. 我现在喉咙疼得厉害。
throat 是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
sore throat 喉咙痛
即学即练：
She has a shore throat and needs to avoid cold drinks.
翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
09 stomach / st m k/
情景学单词：
I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. 我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼得厉害。
stomach 是 词，意为：__________________
即学即练：
I ate some unclean food and now have an upset stomach.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
10 stomachache / st m ke k/
11 headache / hede k/
12 toothache / tu θe k/
13 backache / b ke k/
情景学单词：
I have stomachache. 我胃痛。I have a really bad headache. 我头疼得厉害。I have a really bad toothache. 我牙痛得厉害。I fell during the football game yesterday. It seemed OK at first, but now I have a backache. 昨天踢足球的时候我摔倒了。起初感觉还好，但现在我的后背疼了起来。
stomachache 是 词，意为：__________________ headache 是 词，意为：__________________ toothache 是 词，意为：__________________ backache 是 词，意为：__________________
构词法：
stomach 胃；腹部 +ache 疼痛 → stomachache 胃痛；肚子痛head 头 +ache 疼痛 → headache 头痛tooth 牙齿 +ache 疼痛 → toothache 牙痛back 背 + ache 疼痛 → backache 背痛；腰痛
常见搭配/用法：
have a + 名词have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 胃痛；肚子痛have a toothache 牙痛 have a backache 背痛
即学即练：
一. 用 headache/stomachache/toothache/backache 填空1. I ate too much cold food, so I have a .2. She can’t sleep because of a bad —she needs to see a dentist.3. My dad has a from working at the desk all day.4. —Do you have a —Yes, my head hurts badly5. Don’t eat too many candies, or you’ll get a .二. 选择题：( )—What’s wrong with you —I ______ a stomachache.A. have B. has C. had
14 press /pres/
情景学单词：
①Press down on your nose. 按压你的鼻子。②She pressed the juice from the oranges. 她挤压橙子榨出了汁。③He pressed the door shut with his shoulder. 他用肩膀用力推，关上了门。
press是 词，意为：① ；② ；③__________________
派生词：
press → pressure n. 压力
即学即练：
Press the switch to turn off the light. 翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
15 bleed /bli d/
16 nosebleed / n zbli d/
情景学单词：
She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她因受到惊吓而神志不清，胳膊还在流血。He cut his hand with a knife and it bled a little.他用刀割破了手，流了一点血。
bleed 是 词，意为： ； 其过去式为：__________________
He got a nosebleed after hitting his face on the door. 他脸撞到门上，流起了鼻血。
nosebleed 是 词，意为：__________________
构词法：
nose 鼻子 + bleed 出血 → 鼻出血
派生词：
bleed → blood n. 血；血液
常见搭配/用法：
bleed from + 部位 从某部位出血
She fell off her bike and was bleeding from her knee. 她从自行车上摔下来，膝盖在流血。
stop the bleeding 止血
Press the wound hard to stop the bleeding. 用力按压伤口止血。
即学即练：
选择题1. ( ) His nose ______ when he fell down the stairs.A. bled B. bleed C. bleeding2. ( ) How do you ______ a nosebleed quickly A. stop B. have C. get
3. He cut his finger and it bled a lot.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
17 dentist / dent st/
情景学单词：
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. 你应该去看牙医并做一次 X 光检查。
dentist 是 词，意为： __________________
常见搭配/用法：
see a dentist 看牙医 go to the dentist 去看牙医
即学即练：
1. 我的牙齿疼得厉害。我得去看牙医了。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
18 fever / fi v (r)/
情景学单词：
I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧了。
fever 是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
have a fever 发烧 have a high/low fever 发高烧 / 发低烧
即学即练：
1. 他发高烧，不能去学校。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
19 avoid / v d/
情景学单词：
Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。
avoid是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
avoid → avoidable adj. 可避免的 → unavoidable adj. 不可避免的
常见搭配/用法：
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
To stay healthy, avoid staying up late. 为了保持健康，避免熬夜。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He tried to avoid (make)the same mistake again.2. Avoid eating too much sugar is good for your teeth.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
20 gas /ɡ s/
情景学单词：
①Please avoid soft drinks now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请避免饮用碳酸饮料，因为其中的气体可能会使疼痛加剧。②We use gas to cook meals in the kitchen. 我们用燃气在厨房做饭。
gas是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
派生词：
gas →gaseous adj. 气态的; 气体的 → gasoline n. 汽油
即学即练：
离开前记得先关闭燃气。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
21 X-ray / eks re /
情景学单词：
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. 你应该去看牙医并做一次 X 光检查。
X-ray 是 词，意为：
常见搭配/用法：
get/have an X-ray 拍 X 光片、做 X 光检查
He had an X-ray after the car accident. 车祸后他拍了 X 光片。
take an X-ray of + 部位 给某部位拍 X 光片
The nurse took an X-ray of his shoulder. 护士给她的肩膀拍了 X 光片。
即学即练：
我牙痛得厉害，牙医说我需要拍 X 光片。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
22 careless / ke l s/
情景学单词：
Accidents can happen when we’re careless. 当我们粗心大意时，事故就有可能发生。
careless是 词，意为： __________________
派生词：
careless → care v. 照料，护理；小心 n. 照料；在意→ careful adj. 小心的 → carefully adj. 小心的
常见搭配/用法：
It’s careless of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是粗心的
It’s careless of him to forget his keys again. 他又忘了带钥匙，真粗心。
be careless with sth. 对某物 / 某事不细心
The student was careless with his homework and made many mistakes.这个学生对作业不认真，犯了很多错误。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空：care/ careful/ careless1. She is always with her work and never makes mistakes.2. You should about your health and get enough sleep.3. Don’t be when crossing the street—look both ways.
二. 她太粗心了，把雨伞忘在了公交车上。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
23 runny / r ni/
情景学单词：
①I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧了。②The smoke made her eyes runny and red.烟雾让她眼睛发红、流眼泪。
runny 是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
即学即练：
他感冒了，流鼻涕还咳嗽翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
24 cough /k f/
情景学单词：
I have a really bad cough. 我咳嗽得非常厉害。
cough是 词，意为：__________________
The smoke made him cough. 烟雾使他咳嗽起来。
cough是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
have a cough 咳嗽 have a bad/dry/wet cough 严重咳嗽 / 干咳 / 湿咳
即学即练：
他咳嗽很严重，需要去看医生说。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
25 bruised /bru zd/
情景学单词：
Her knee is bruised from falling off the bike.她从自行车上摔下来，膝盖青了。
bruised是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
bruised → bruise n. 瘀伤、淤青；碰伤
常见搭配/用法：
get/become bruised 变得瘀青
Her legs get bruised easily when she exercises. 她运动时腿很容易瘀青。
即学即练：
He hit his leg on the table and it became bruised and swollen. (swollen 肿胀的)翻译句子： __________________________________________________________________
26 suffer / s f (r)/
27 suffer from
情景学单词：
I’m suffer from a bad headache. 我正在经受头痛的折磨。
suffer 是 词，意为： ；短语suffer from 意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
suffer from + 疾病 / 症状 遭受…… 病、患…… 症
She suffers from a bad backache after sitting too long. 她久坐后深受背痛困扰。
即学即练：
他上周受牙痛折磨，去看了牙医。
翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
28 take a seat
情景学单词：
Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling 请坐，海伦。你感觉怎么样？
短语take a seat 意为__________________ ：
即学即练：
请坐，喝点水吗？翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
29 take one’s temperature
情景学单词：
Let me take your temperature. 让我来给你量一下体温。
短语take one’s temperature 意为： __________________
即学即练：
我量了体温，发现有点低烧。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
30 test /test/
31 check /t ek/
情景学单词：
①We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我认为你可能是得了流感。②We have a math test next Monday. 我们下周一有一场数学考试。
test是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
①The doctor tested her eyesight during the exam. 医生在检查时测了她的视力。②The teacher tested us on grammar yesterday. 老师昨天考了我们语法。
test是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
①The doctor asked a health check to make sure I’m okay.医生让我做一次健康检查，确保我身体没问题。
②The police did a check of the area after the accident. 事故发生后，警方对该区域进行了调查。
check是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
①At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully.在医院里，医生仔细地检查了凯莉的胳膊。②Can you check who took my notebook I can’t find it.你能查明是谁拿了我的笔记本吗？我找不到了。
check是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
辨析：
想表达 “快速看一眼、核对一下”→ 用 check（如 check time/keys/door）想表达 “专业检测、系统验证、能力考核”→ 用 test（如 test blood/software/skills）健康场景中，“常规体检、快速测量” 用 check，“实验室分析、专项检测” 用 test
常见搭配/用法：
test
take a test/ have a test 考试
We have three tests this week. 我们这周有三场考试。
pass/fail a test 通过 / 未通过考试
He passed the driving test on his first try. 他第一次考驾照就通过了。
check
check on sb./sth. 查看某人 / 某物的状况
I’ll call to check on my mom after work. 下班后我会打电话问问妈妈的情况。
check out 查看、核实；办理退房
I need to check out the reviews before buying the book.买这本书前我得看看评价。We have to check out by 12 noon. 我们中午 12 点前必须退房。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空：check / test 1. I need to my email before leaving the office.
2. This difficult task is a of your skills.
二. 选择题3. ( ) The lab is ______ the water for pollution.A. testing B. checking C. examing 4. ( ) I need to ________ my email before leaving the office.
A. test B. check C. exam
32 flu /flu /
情景学单词：
We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我认为你可能是得了流感。
flu是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
have the flu 得流感
My dad has the flu and stays in bed. 我爸爸得了流感，卧床休息。
get the flu 患流感
You can get the flu if you don’t wear warm clothes. 不穿暖和点，你可能会得流感。
即学即练：
1. 她得了流感，不能去上学了。翻译句子: __________________________________________________________________
2. Winter is the flu season. Many people get sick.
翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
33 medicine / medsn/
34 pill /p l/
情景学单词：
①You should take some medicine and drink enough water. 你应该服用一些药物，并且要多喝水。②He wants to study medicine and become a doctor.他想学习医学，成为一名医生。
medicine是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
Peter’s ear hurt, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. 彼得的耳朵疼，所以医生给他开了些药来缓解疼痛。
pill是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
medicine → medical adj. 医学的; 医疗的
辨析：
pill “具体的固体药片 / 药丸”，可数名词medicine “药物总称”，可指任何形态（药片、糖浆、药膏等），不可数名词I need to buy some medicine. 我需要买点药。—— 泛指药物，可能是药片、糖浆等I need to buy some pills. 我需要买点药片。—— 明确是固体药片
常见搭配/用法：
take (some) medicine 吃药、服药
You must take medicine after meals. 你必须饭后吃药。
take a pill/take pills 吃一片药 / 吃多片药
Take a pill if you have a headache. 头痛的话就吃一片药。
即学即练：
一. 选词填空: pill / medicine1. Take two every night before bed.2. She bought some cold from the store.
二. 选择题：( ) He needs to buy some ______ for his flu.A. pill B. medicines C. medicine
35 mask /mɑ sk/
情景学单词：
When you’re outside, please wear a mask.外出时，请佩戴口罩。
mask是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
wear a mask 戴口罩
即学即练：
She wore a mask to protect herself from the virus.翻译句子: __________________________________________________________________
36 virus / va r s/
情景学单词：
It stops us from passing the flu virus yo others easily. 它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。
virus是 词，意为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
catch a virus 感染病毒 kill a virus 杀死病毒
即学即练：
Washing hands often can help us stay away from viruses.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
37 stop ... from doing
情景学单词：
It stops us from passing the flu virus yo others easily. 它能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给他人。
短语stop...from doing 意为：__________________
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please stop the dog from (chase) the cat.2. 下雨让我们没能出去。
翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
38 description /d skr p n/
情景学单词：
Her description of the village made me want to visit it. 她对村庄的描述让我想去看看。
description是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
description → describe v. 描述；描写
常见搭配/用法：
give a description of 对…… 进行描述
Can you give a description of your new friend 你能描述一下你的新朋友吗？
write a description of 撰写…… 的说明 / 描述
She needs to write a description of her school. 她需要写一份关于她学校的描述。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please (description) your favorite food to me.
2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She couldn’t give a clear (describe) of what happened last night.
3. The guide gave us a brief description of the historical building. (brief 简要的)翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
39 patient / pe ( )nt/
情景学单词：
There are many patients in the hospital. 医院里有很多患者。
patient是 词，意为： __________________
You need to be patient with little children. 你对小孩子要耐心。
patient是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
patient → patience n. 耐心；忍耐 → impatient adj. 没耐心的；急躁的 → patiently adv. 耐心地
常见搭配/用法：
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
Parents should be patient with their kids. 父母应该对孩子有耐心。
be patient of sth. 容忍某事
It’s hard to be patient of noise. 容忍噪音很难。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空： The (patient) waited for the doctor for 20 minutes.
2. 这位护士对所有患者都很有耐心。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
40 injury / nd ri/
41 harm /hɑ m/
42 harmful / hɑ mf( )l/
情景学单词：
He got a small injury on his hand from the knife. 他的手被刀子划了个小伤口。
injury是 词，意为：__________________
What should we do to keep ourselves safe from harm 我们应该做些什么来保护自己免受伤害呢？
harm是 词，意为：__________________
Don’t harm the small animals. 不要伤害小动物。
harm是 词，意为：__________________
Dirty water is harmful to fish. 脏水对鱼有害。
harmful是 词，意为：__________________
辨析：
描述身体意外创伤（如摔伤、划伤、运动受伤）→ 用 injuryShe suffered a head injury in the fall. 她摔倒时头部受伤描述抽象损害（如健康、环境、关系、权益）→ 用 harmPollution does great harm to the environment. 污染对环境危害大描述非身体的具体损害（如植物、物品）→ 用 harmCold weather harms flowers. 寒冷天气伤害花朵
派生词：
injury → injure v. 伤害；损伤
常见搭配/用法：
injury
get an injury 受伤
You may get an injury if you don’t wear sports shoes. 不穿运动鞋可能会受伤。
suffer an injury 遭受伤害
He suffered a serious injury in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。
avoid injury 避免受伤
Wear a helmet to avoid head injury. 戴头盔避免头部受伤。
harm
do harm to 对…… 有害
Too much screen time does harm to eyes. 看屏幕太久对眼睛有害。
harmful
be harmful to对…… 有害
Junk food is harmful to our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。
即学即练：
1. 运动前热身能帮助你避免受伤。(warm up 热身)翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________ 2. 这种气体对环境有害。(environment)翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________ 3. 大声的音乐对耳朵有害。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The nurse is treating the old man’s (injure) on his hand.5. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：This kind of plant is (harm) to animals.6. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Too much coffee does (harm) to your stomach.
43 illness / ln s/
情景学单词：
His illness kept him in bed for a week. 他的病让他卧床一周。
illness是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
illness → ill adj. 生病的；不适的
常见搭配/用法：
have an illness 生病
My little sister has a short illness and will be fine soon. 我妹妹得了一场小病，很快就会好。
suffer from an illness 患有…… 病，侧重长期或反复患病
Her grandfather suffers from a heart illness and can’t walk fast. 她爷爷患有心脏病，不能快走。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：His father had a serious (ill) and stayed in hospital.2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She felt (ill) and didn’t eat anything.
3. A bad diet can cause many illnesses.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
44 knife /na f/
情景学单词：
Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut yourself.使用这把刀时要小心！别割伤自己。We need to wash the knives after dinner. 晚饭后我们需要洗刀。
knife是 词，意为： ; 其复数形式为：__________________
常见搭配/用法：
cut with a knife 用刀切
Cut the meat with a knife. 用刀切肉。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：There are two (knife) on the plate.2. She used a knife to cut the fish.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
45 clear /kl (r)/
情景学单词：
I can’t see the mountains — the view isn’t clear today. 我看不到山，今天的视野不清楚。clear 是 词，意为：__________________ Please clear the table after dinner. 晚饭后请收拾桌子。clear 是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
clear → clearly adv. 清晰地；显然地
常见搭配/用法：
clear up 清理；放晴；解决
The sky cleared up after the rain.雨后天空放晴了。Let’s clear up this problem together.我们一起解决这个问题吧。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She explained the question (clear) — everyone understood.2. After the storm, the sky became clear again.翻译句子: __________________________________________________________________
46 what's more
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
短语what’s more 意为：__________________
即学即练：
这本书很有趣，而且读起来很简单。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
47 brightness / bra tn s/
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
brightness 是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
brightness → bright adj. 明亮的；聪慧的 → brightly adv. 明亮地；鲜明地
常见搭配/用法：
high/low brightness 高 / 低亮度
High brightness is not good for eyes at night. 晚上高亮度对眼睛不好。
即学即练：
1. Please turn down the screen (bright) to protect your eyes.2. The brightness of the lights makes the room warm.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
48 environment / n va r nm nt/
情景学单词：
What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 更为重要的是，你应该调整屏幕的亮度，以使其与周围环境相匹配，并使屏幕上的文字更大一些。
environment 是 词，意为：__________________
派生词：
environment → environmental adj. 环境的；与环境有关的 → environmentally adv. 与环境相关地；环保地
常见搭配/用法：
protect the environment 保护环境 improve the environment 改善环境
即学即练：
We hope to have a clean and safe living environment.翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
49 cross /kr s/
情景学单词：
①You shouldn’t look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly shouldn’t look at it when you cross the road!你睡觉前不应该看手机，而且当你过马路的时候也不应该看手机！②She crossed her arms and listened quietly.她交叉着手臂，静静地听着。
cross 是 词，意为：① ；②__________________
派生词：
cross → crossing n.十字路口；横道
常见搭配/用法：
cross the road 过马路 cross the river 过河cross one’s arms 交叉手臂） cross one’s legs 交叉双腿
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She (cross) the road carefully and went home.2. 他们坐船过河。翻译句子：__________________________________________________________________
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