资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section B单词精讲
01 catch fire
02 on fire
03 burn /b n/
情景学单词：
Do you know what to do if oil catches fire 你知道如果油着火了该怎么办吗？
短语catch fire 意为：着火
The pan was on fire! 锅着火了！
短语on fire 意为：着火; 起火
Hey, do you smell something burning 嘿，你是不是闻到有什么东西烧焦的味道了？The paper burnt quickly in the wind.纸在风中很快烧光了。
burn 是动词，意为：燃烧；着火; 其过去式为：burnt
辨析：
描述 “某物开始着火”（瞬间动作）→ 用 catch fireThe dry leaves caught fire when the match fell. 火柴掉下去时，干树叶着火了。描述 “某物正在燃烧 / 处于着火状态”（持续状态）→ 用 on fireWhen we arrived, the house was already on fire. 我们到的时候，房子已经着火了。描述 “燃烧的持续过程” 或 “烧毁 / 烫伤结果”→ 用 burnThe wood burned slowly for hours. 木头慢慢烧了几个小时。—— 持续过程The fire burned down the old factory. 大火烧毁了旧工厂。—— 烧毁结果
常见搭配/用法：
burn down 烧毁建筑物 / 物品
即学即练：
选词填空：burn, on fire, catch fireThe building caught fire at midnight, and it was on fire for two hours, finally burned to the ground.
04 flame /fle m/
情景学单词：
Large flames were jumping into the air.巨大的火焰在空中跳跃升腾。
flame是名词，意为：火焰
即学即练：
The flame of the candle danced in the wind.翻译句子：蜡烛的火苗在风中摇曳。
05 fry /fra /
情景学单词：
My mom fries eggs for breakfast every morning.妈妈每天早上煎鸡蛋当早餐。They fry potatoes to make French fries. 他们油炸土豆做薯条。
fry是动词，意为：油煎；油炸；油炒
派生词：
fry → fried adj. 油炸的；煎的
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She fried (fry) the chicken for 20 minutes and served it with salad.
06 turn on
情景学单词：
Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 然后他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热起来，同时开始准备鸡肉。Please turn on the light — it’s dark.请把灯打开，天黑了。
短语turn on 意为：接通（电流、煤气、水等); 打开
常见搭配/用法：
turn on +电器；煤气；水turn on the light开灯 turn on the fan开风扇 turn on the computer开电脑turn on the water 开水龙头
反义表达：turn off 关闭
辨析：
电器 / 设备 → 用 turn on/offTurn on the computer to work. 打开电脑工作门窗、容器、书本、信封 → 用 open/closeOpen the window for fresh air. 开窗通风
即学即练：
选词填空：turn on / turn off / open / close1. Please open the fridge to get some milk.2. Close the door — the wind is strong.3. Remember to turn off the light and the lights when you leave the room.4. Turn on the fan — it’s hot.
07 stove /st v/
情景学单词：
Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 然后他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热起来，同时开始准备鸡肉。
stove是名词 意为：厨房灶具；炉子
常见搭配/用法：
turn on/off the stove 打开 / 关掉炉子
即学即练：
Turn off the stove when the food is ready.翻译句子：食物做好后关掉炉子。
08 happily / h p li/
情景学单词：
“Guess what,” Allen called out happily, “We won!”“猜猜看，”艾伦高兴地喊道，“我们赢了！”
happily是副词，意为：快乐地；高兴地
派生词：
happily → happy adj. 开心的；快乐的 → happiness n. 幸福；快乐
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The children laughed happily (happy) when they saw the clown.2. She chatted happily with her friends at the party.翻译句子：她和朋友们在聚会上愉快地聊天。
09 no way
情景学单词：
①“Guess what,” Allen called out happily, “We won!”“猜猜看，”艾伦高兴地喊道，“我们赢了！”“No way!” James followed him into the living room. “不可能！”詹姆斯跟着他走进了客厅。②—Can you lend me 1000 yuan 你能借我 1000 块吗？—No way! 没门！
短语no way 意为：①不可能；②没门
常见搭配/用法：
表 “坚决拒绝”
— Can you lend me 1000 yuan 你能借我 1000 块吗— No way! 没门！
表 “强烈质疑 / 不相信”
— She won the competition! 她赢得了比赛！— No way! I thought she’d lose. 不可能吧！我以为她会输。
即学即练：
1. — Could you do my homework for me — No way! Do it yourself.翻译句子：— 你能替我做一下作业吗？ — 没门！自己做。
10 panic / p n k/
情景学单词：
In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. 詹姆斯惊慌失措，立刻关掉了炉子。panic 是名词，意为：惊恐；恐慌
常见搭配/用法：
in a panic 处于一阵恐慌中
She ran out of the burning house in a panic. 她一阵恐慌地跑出了着火的房子。
即学即练：
He rushed to the hospital in a panic when he heard his mom was sick.翻译句子：当他得知母亲生病的消息时，他惊慌失措地急忙赶往医院。
11 onto / nt /
情景学单词：
But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 但他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰朝着他的衬衫窜来。
onto 是介词，意为：向；朝
常见搭配/用法：
表 “移动到表面”： climb onto爬上 jump onto跳到 step onto踏上 put onto放到
Put the books onto the desk, please. 请把书放到桌子上。
表 “朝向” ：face onto 朝向 look onto面向
Our bedroom windows face onto the park. 我们卧室的窗户朝向公园。
辨析：
onto：强调 “从别处移动到…… 上面” 的动作过程 jump onto the bed 跳到床上on：强调 “在…… 上面” 的静止状态 lie on the bed 躺在床上
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：onto / on She walked onto the stage and stood on it
12 throw /θr /
情景学单词：
①James cried out and threw himself to the floor. 詹姆斯大喊一声，然后扑倒在了地上。②Don’t throw stones at the window. 别朝窗户扔石头。
throw 是动词，意为：①猛动身体（部位）；②扔；抛 ；其过去式为：threw
常见搭配/用法：
throw sth. to sb.把某物扔给某人 (侧重 “传递”）
Can you throw the book to me I can’t reach it.你能把书扔给我吗？我够不着。
throw sth. at sb./sth. 朝某人 / 某物扔 (侧重 “瞄准” 或 “攻击”）
The boy threw a stone at the dog. 男孩朝狗扔了一块石头。
throw away 扔掉；丢弃
Don’t throw away that box — it’s still useful.别扔掉那个盒子，它还能用。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She threw (throw) the old magazine into the bin yesterday.
2. 选词填空：He threw at (threw to /threw at) the cat with a stick, scaring it away.
13 roll /r l/
情景学单词：
He put out the fire by rolling on the ground.他通过在地上打滚扑灭了火。
roll 是动词，意为：（使）翻滚；滚动
常见搭配/用法：
roll down 滚下 roll up 卷起 roll over 翻滚；翻身
即学即练：
The ball rolled down the hill.翻译句子：球从山上滚了下来。
14 quick /kw k/
情景学单词：
She has a quick breakfast and goes to school.她快速吃了早餐就去上学了。
quick 是形容词 ，意为：快的；迅速的
“Get water, quick!” he shouted. “快去取水！”他大声喊道。
quick 是副词 ，意为：迅速地；快速地； 通常用于口语，非正式。
派生词：
quick → quickly adv. 快速地
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空: She has a quick (quick) mind and solves problems easily.2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The rain stopped quickly (quick) and the sun came out.
15 be about to
情景学单词：
Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。
短语be about to 意为：即将；正要（做某事）
常见搭配/用法：
be about to do... when... 正要做某事，这时突然发生另一件事
He was about to cross the road when a car rushed by. 他正要过马路，这时一辆车疾驰而过。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( C ) I was about to eat my lunch when my friend _______ . A. come B. comes C. came2. 她正要开门，这时电话响了。翻译句子：She was about to open the door when the phone rang.
16 stop short
情景学单词：
Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。
短语stop short 意为：突然停住
常见搭配/用法：
stop short of doing sth. 差一点就做某事、没做到某事
She wanted to eat the cake, but stopped short of taking a piece—she was on a diet.她想吃那块蛋糕，但还是没拿 —— 她在节食。
即学即练：
1. The child ran across the road, and the driver stopped short to avoid hitting him.翻译句子：那个孩子跑过马路，司机猛然刹车避免撞到他。2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The runner stopped (stop) short when he felt a sharp pain in his leg.
17 aid /e d/
18 first aid
情景学单词：
She gave aid to the old man cross the street.她帮助那位老人过马路。
aid 是名词，意为：帮助；援助
Dogs can aid blind people walk safely.狗能帮助盲人安全行走。
aid 是动词，意为：帮助；援助
Thanks to the first aid and safety class he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse!多亏了在学校上过的急救与安全课，他知道水会让油火越烧越旺！
短语first aid 意为：急救
常见搭配/用法：
give aid to sb. 给某人提供帮助
The kind man gave aid to the lost little boy. 那个善良的男人帮助了迷路的小男孩。
with the aid of... 在…… 的帮助下
The old man crossed the busy street with the aid of a young man.在一个年轻人的帮助下，那位老人穿过了繁忙的马路。
aid sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人
He aided his grandma with crossing the street. 他帮奶奶过马路。
即学即练：
1. 我在朋友的帮助下完成了作业。翻译句子：With the aid of my friend, I finished my homework.
2. Her mom often gives aid to neighbors who need help.翻译句子：她妈妈经常帮助有需要的邻居。
3. 老师帮助那个学生练习英语阅读。
翻译句子：The teacher aided the student with his English reading.
19 safety / se fti/
情景学单词：
①Thanks to the first aid and safety class he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse!多亏了在学校上过的急救与安全课，他知道水会让油火越烧越旺！②The hiker reached safety before the dark came.徒步旅行者在天黑前到达了安全的地方。
safety 是名词，意为：①安全；②安全处所
派生词：
safety → safe adj. 安全的
常见搭配/用法：
road safety 道路安全 food safety 食品安全in safety处于安全中 for safety 为了安全
We stayed at home in safety during the heavy rain. 大雨期间，我们安全地待在家里。Food safety is important for everyone’s health. 食品安全对每个人的健康都很重要。
即学即练：
1. We must learn about road safety when we walk to school.翻译句子：步行上学时，我们必须了解道路安全知识。2. We lock the door for safety at night.翻译句子：晚上我们为了安全锁门。
20 extinguisher / k st ɡw (r)/
情景学单词：
Instead, he ran to the living room to get the extinguisher. 相反，他跑到客厅去拿灭火器。
extinguisher 是名词，意为：灭火器
派生词：
extinguisher → extinguish v.扑灭；熄灭
常见搭配/用法：
put out a fire with an extinguisher 用灭火器灭火
即学即练：
1. You must know how to use an extinguisher in an emergency.翻译句子：紧急情况下，你必须知道如何使用灭火器。2. 他用灭火器扑灭了厨房里的火。翻译句子：He used an extinguisher to put out the fire in the kitchen.
21 eat out
情景学单词：
Maybe we should eat out tonight.或许今晚我们应该出去吃一顿。
短语eat out 意为：上馆子吃饭；在外就餐
即学即练：
We will eat out to celebrate my mom’s birthday.翻译句子: 我们要出去吃饭，庆祝妈妈的生日。
22 tonight
情景学单词：
Maybe we should eat out tonight.或许今晚我们应该出去吃一顿。
tonight 是副词，意为：在今晚
Tonight is my birthday. 今晚是我的生日。
tonight 是名词，意为：今夜；今晚
即学即练：
1. 今晚我要和朋友一起学习。翻译句子：I will study with my friend tonight.
23 sadly / s dli/
情景学单词：
①The little boy cried sadly when he lost his toy. 小男孩丢了玩具，难过地哭了。②We tried our best, but sadly, we didn’t win the game.我们尽了最大努力，但可惜的是，我们没赢得比赛。
sadly 是副词，意为：①伤心地；②令人遗憾地
派生词：
sadly → sad adj. 伤心的 → sadness n. 伤心；悲伤
即学即练：
选词填空：sad, sadly, sadness 1. The girl looked sad when she couldn’t find her mom.2. Sadly, we missed the last bus home.3. He sadly told us that his cat was lost.4. Her sad face made us feel sorry for her.5. His eyes were full of sadness when he talked about his dog.
24 smoke /sm k/
情景学单词：
Suddenly, they smelt smoke and found the pan was on fire. 突然，他们闻到了烟味，发现锅着火了。
smoke 是名词，意为：烟
①My uncle smokes every day.我叔叔每天抽烟。②The chimney is smoking—they are cooking. 烟囱在冒烟，他们在做饭。
smoke 是动词，意为：吸烟；冒烟
派生词：
smoke → smoky adj. 烟雾弥漫的、冒烟的 → smoking n.吸烟 adj. 吸烟的
即学即练：
Be careful—smoke can be dangerous.翻译句子：小心，烟雾可能有危险。
25 unfortunately / n f t n tli/
情景学单词：
Unfortunately, his shirt was on fire, so he dropped to the ground and rolled until the fire was out.不幸的是，他的衬衫着火了，于是他扑倒在地，翻滚着直到火被扑灭。
unfortunately 是副词，意为：不幸地；可惜地
派生词：
unfortunately → unfortunate adj.不幸的；令人遗憾的 → fortunate adj.幸运的 → fortunately adv. 幸运地
常见搭配/用法：
放句首，用逗号与主句隔开
Unfortunately, we missed the school bus. 遗憾的是，我们错过了校车。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：（ B ）______, I found my lost key in the bag.A. Unfortunately B. Fortunately C. Sadly D. Unfortunate2. 遗憾的是，我今天不能和你玩。翻译句子: Unfortunately, I can’t play with you today.
26 luckily / l k li/
情景学单词：
Luckily, James wasn’t badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯受的伤并不严重。
luckily 是副词，意为：幸运地
派生词：
luckily → luck n. 幸运；运气 → lucky adj. 幸运的 → → unlucky adj. 不幸地 → unluckily adv. 不幸地
常见搭配/用法：
放句首，用逗号与主句隔开
Luckily, the rain stopped before the picnic.幸运的是，野餐前雨停了。
即学即练：
选词填空：luck, lucky, luckily, unlucky, unluckily1. Unluckily, I forgot my math book at home this morning.2. She has good luck—she always gets what she wants.3, It’s lucky that we didn’t miss the bus.4. Luckily, the fire was small and easy to put out.5. He is very unlucky today—he lost his wallet and missed the bus.
27 badly / b dli/
情景学单词：
Luckily, James wasn’t badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯受的伤并不严重。
badly 是副词，意为：严重地
派生词：
badly → bad adj. 坏的；糟糕的 → worse adj. & adv. 更糟的; 更糟地 → worst adv. 最糟的; 最糟地
即学即练：
选词填空：bad, badly, worse, worst1. The little girl sings badly—her voice is not clear at all.2. She did badly in the English exam. Her brother did worse than her, and their sister did the worst.3. This is a bad idea. Don’t do that—it will make things worse.
28 lie /la /
29 lie down
情景学单词：
①Don’t lie down for too long as it could make your back feel sore. 不要长时间躺卧，否则可能会让你的背部感到疼痛。②The map lies on the table for us to look at. 地图平放在桌子上，方便我们查看。③I lay on the bed for 10 minutes this afternoon. 我今天下午在床上躺了 10 分钟。
lie是动词，意为：①平躺；②平放，其过去式为：③lay
短语lie down 意为：平躺；平卧
常见搭配/用法：
lie on the bed/sofa/floor 躺在床上 / 沙发上 / 地板上
lie down 躺下
Lie down and rest—you look tired. 躺下休息会儿，你看起来很累。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He lay (lie)on the sofa and fell asleep an hour ago
2. Don’t lie down for too long—it’s bad for your back.翻译句子：不要长时间躺着——这对你的背部不好。
30 hit /h t/
情景学单词：
①Suddenly, something hit her hard and threw her to the ground.突然，有什么东西猛地撞向了她，她猛地摔到了地上。②He hit the ball with a bat. 他用球棒击球。
hit 是动词，意为：①碰撞；②击；打，其过去式为：hit
He gave the ball a hard hit. 他用力击球。
hit 是名词，意为：打；击；击中
常见搭配/用法：
hit sb. on the head/arm/leg 击打某人的头 / 胳膊 / 腿
The boy hit his friend on the arm by accident. 男孩不小心撞到了朋友的胳膊。
hit back 反击；回击
Don’t hit back when someone hurts you—tell a teacher.有人伤害你时别反击，告诉老师。
hit the ground 落地；摔倒在地
The apple fell from the tree and hit the ground. 苹果从树上掉下来，落到了地上。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The ball hit (hit) the window and made a loud noise.2. Don’t hit back even if someone says bad things about you.翻译句子: 就算有人说你坏话，也别回击。
31 shock / k/
情景学单词：
She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她当时处于极度惊吓的状态，而且她的胳膊还在流血。
shock 是名词，意为：震惊；令人震惊的事
The bad news shocked all of us. 这个坏消息让我们所有人都很震惊。
shock 是动词，意为：使震惊；使惊愕
派生词：
shock → shocking adj.令人震惊的 → shocked adj. 感到震惊的
常见搭配/用法：
be shocked at/by sth. 对某事感到震惊
She is shocked by his words. 她对他的话感到震惊。
be shocked to do sth. 做某事感到震惊
We are shocked to know the truth. 知道真相后，我们很震惊。
a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个震惊
His decision is a big shock to his family. 他的决定对家人来说是个巨大的震惊。
即学即练：
1. 听到这个消息，我很震惊。翻译句子：I am shocked to hear this news. 2. 选词填空：shock, shocked, shocking(1) It was a great shock to know the park is closed today.(2) The shocking accident made everyone sad.(3) She was shocked when she saw the broken window
32 peanut / pi n t/
情景学单词：
“Were there any peanuts in our food ”he asked nervously.“我们的食物里有花生吗？”他紧张地问道。
peanut 是名词，意为：花生
即学即练：
My grandma makes peanut candy every winter.翻译句子：奶奶每年冬天都做花生糖。
33 nervously / n v sli/
情景学单词：
“Were there any peanuts in our food ”he asked nervously.“我们的食物里有花生吗？”他紧张地问道。
nervously 是副词，意为：紧张不安地
派生词：
nervously → nervous adj. 紧张的 → nervousness n. 紧张；不安
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She walked nervously (nervous) into the classroom before the exam.
34 allergic / l d k/
情景学单词：
Oh, no. I am allergic to peanuts!哦，不。我对花生过敏!
allergic 是形容词，意为：过敏的
派生词：
allergic → allergy n. 过敏症；反感
常见用法/搭配：
be allergic to sth. 对某物过敏
My dad is allergic to peanuts—he can’t eat any peanut products.我爸爸对花生过敏，不能吃任何花生制品。
即学即练：
1. 春天很多人对花粉过敏。翻译句子：Many people are allergic to pollen in spring.
35 from now on
情景学单词：
I’ll take better care of myself from now on. 从现在起我会更加好好照顾自己了。
短语from now on 意为：从现在起
常见搭配/用法：
多与一般将来时（will/be going to）连用，也可与一般现在时（表习惯性动作）搭配From now on, I will get up early every morning. 从现在开始，我每天早上要早起。He is going to exercise more from now on. 他从现在开始要多锻炼。She walks to school from now on—it’s good exercise.从现在开始，她步行上学，这是很好的锻炼。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：From now on, we won’t be (not be) late for school.2. 从现在开始，她打算学习弹钢琴。翻译句子：From now on, she is going to learn to play the piano.
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Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section B单词精讲
01 catch fire
02 on fire
03 burn /b n/
情景学单词：
Do you know what to do if oil catches fire 你知道如果油着火了该怎么办吗？
短语catch fire 意为：___________________
The pan was on fire! 锅着火了！
短语on fire 意为：___________________
Hey, do you smell something burning 嘿，你是不是闻到有什么东西烧焦的味道了？The paper burnt quickly in the wind.纸在风中很快烧光了。
burn 是 词，意为： ; 其过去式为：___________
辨析：
描述 “某物开始着火”（瞬间动作）→ 用 catch fireThe dry leaves caught fire when the match fell. 火柴掉下去时，干树叶着火了。描述 “某物正在燃烧 / 处于着火状态”（持续状态）→ 用 on fireWhen we arrived, the house was already on fire. 我们到的时候，房子已经着火了。描述 “燃烧的持续过程” 或 “烧毁 / 烫伤结果”→ 用 burnThe wood burned slowly for hours. 木头慢慢烧了几个小时。—— 持续过程The fire burned down the old factory. 大火烧毁了旧工厂。—— 烧毁结果
常见搭配/用法：
burn down 烧毁建筑物 / 物品
即学即练：
选词填空：burn, on fire, catch fireThe building at midnight, and it was for two hours, finally to the ground.
04 flame /fle m/
情景学单词：
Large flames were jumping into the air.巨大的火焰在空中跳跃升腾。
flame是 词，意为：___________________
即学即练：
The flame of the candle danced in the wind.翻译句子： ______________________________________________________________________
05 fry /fra /
情景学单词：
My mom fries eggs for breakfast every morning.妈妈每天早上煎鸡蛋当早餐。They fry potatoes to make French fries. 他们油炸土豆做薯条。
fry是 词，意为： ___________________
派生词：
fry → fried adj. 油炸的；煎的
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She (fry) the chicken for 20 minutes and served it with salad.
06 turn on
情景学单词：
Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 然后他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热起来，同时开始准备鸡肉。Please turn on the light — it’s dark.请把灯打开，天黑了。
短语turn on 意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
turn on +电器；煤气；水turn on the light开灯 turn on the fan开风扇 turn on the computer开电脑turn on the water 开水龙头
反义表达：turn off 关闭
辨析：
电器 / 设备 → 用 turn on/offTurn on the computer to work. 打开电脑工作门窗、容器、书本、信封 → 用 open/closeOpen the window for fresh air. 开窗通风
即学即练：
选词填空：turn on / turn off / open / close1. Please the fridge to get some milk.2. the door — the wind is strong.3. Remember to the light and the lights when you leave the room.4. the fan — it’s hot.
07 stove /st v/
情景学单词：
Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 然后他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热起来，同时开始准备鸡肉。
stove是 词 意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
turn on/off the stove 打开 / 关掉炉子
即学即练：
Turn off the stove when the food is ready.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
08 happily / h p li/
情景学单词：
“Guess what,” Allen called out happily, “We won!”“猜猜看，”艾伦高兴地喊道，“我们赢了！”
happily是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
happily → happy adj. 开心的；快乐的 → happiness n. 幸福；快乐
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The children laughed (happy) when they saw the clown.2. She chatted happily with her friends at the party.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
09 no way
情景学单词：
①“Guess what,” Allen called out happily, “We won!”“猜猜看，”艾伦高兴地喊道，“我们赢了！”“No way!” James followed him into the living room. “不可能！”詹姆斯跟着他走进了客厅。②—Can you lend me 1000 yuan 你能借我 1000 块吗？—No way! 没门！
短语no way 意为：① ；②___________________
常见搭配/用法：
表 “坚决拒绝”
— Can you lend me 1000 yuan 你能借我 1000 块吗— No way! 没门！
表 “强烈质疑 / 不相信”
— She won the competition! 她赢得了比赛！— No way! I thought she’d lose. 不可能吧！我以为她会输。
即学即练：
1. — Could you do my homework for me — No way! Do it yourself.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
10 panic / p n k/
情景学单词：
In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. 詹姆斯惊慌失措，立刻关掉了炉子。panic 是 词，意为：___________________
常见搭配/用法：
in a panic 处于一阵恐慌中
She ran out of the burning house in a panic. 她一阵恐慌地跑出了着火的房子。
即学即练：
He rushed to the hospital in a panic when he heard his mom was sick.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
11 onto / nt /
情景学单词：
But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 但他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰朝着他的衬衫窜来。
onto 是 词，意为：___________________
常见搭配/用法：
表 “移动到表面”： climb onto爬上 jump onto跳到 step onto踏上 put onto放到
Put the books onto the desk, please. 请把书放到桌子上。
表 “朝向” ：face onto 朝向 look onto面向
Our bedroom windows face onto the park. 我们卧室的窗户朝向公园。
辨析：
onto：强调 “从别处移动到…… 上面” 的动作过程 jump onto the bed 跳到床上on：强调 “在…… 上面” 的静止状态 lie on the bed 躺在床上
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：onto / on She walked the stage and stood it
12 throw /θr /
情景学单词：
①James cried out and threw himself to the floor. 詹姆斯大喊一声，然后扑倒在了地上。②Don’t throw stones at the window. 别朝窗户扔石头。
throw 是 词，意为：① ；② ；其过去式为：________
常见搭配/用法：
throw sth. to sb.把某物扔给某人 (侧重 “传递”）
Can you throw the book to me I can’t reach it.你能把书扔给我吗？我够不着。
throw sth. at sb./sth. 朝某人 / 某物扔 (侧重 “瞄准” 或 “攻击”）
The boy threw a stone at the dog. 男孩朝狗扔了一块石头。
throw away 扔掉；丢弃
Don’t throw away that box — it’s still useful.别扔掉那个盒子，它还能用。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She (throw) the old magazine into the bin yesterday.
2. 选词填空：He (threw to /threw at) the cat with a stick, scaring it away.
13 roll /r l/
情景学单词：
He put out the fire by rolling on the ground.他通过在地上打滚扑灭了火。
roll 是 词，意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
roll down 滚下 roll up 卷起 roll over 翻滚；翻身
即学即练：
The ball rolled down the hill.翻译句子： ______________________________________________________________________
14 quick /kw k/
情景学单词：
She has a quick breakfast and goes to school.她快速吃了早餐就去上学了。
quick 是 词 ，意为：___________________
“Get water, quick!” he shouted. “快去取水！”他大声喊道。
quick 是 词 ，意为： ； 通常用于口语，非正式。
派生词：
quick → quickly adv. 快速地
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空: She has a (quick) mind and solves problems easily.2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The rain stopped (quick) and the sun came out.
15 be about to
情景学单词：
Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。
短语be about to 意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
be about to do... when... 正要做某事，这时突然发生另一件事
He was about to cross the road when a car rushed by. 他正要过马路，这时一辆车疾驰而过。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( ) I was about to eat my lunch when my friend _______ . A. come B. comes C. came2. 她正要开门，这时电话响了。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
16 stop short
情景学单词：
Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。
短语stop short 意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
stop short of doing sth. 差一点就做某事、没做到某事
She wanted to eat the cake, but stopped short of taking a piece—she was on a diet.她想吃那块蛋糕，但还是没拿 —— 她在节食。
即学即练：
1. The child ran across the road, and the driver stopped short to avoid hitting him.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________ 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The runner (stop) short when he felt a sharp pain in his leg.
17 aid /e d/
18 first aid
情景学单词：
She gave aid to the old man cross the street.她帮助那位老人过马路。
aid 是 词，意为： ___________________
Dogs can aid blind people walk safely.狗能帮助盲人安全行走。
aid 是 词，意为：___________________
Thanks to the first aid and safety class he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse!多亏了在学校上过的急救与安全课，他知道水会让油火越烧越旺！
短语first aid 意为：
常见搭配/用法：
give aid to sb. 给某人提供帮助
The kind man gave aid to the lost little boy. 那个善良的男人帮助了迷路的小男孩。
with the aid of... 在…… 的帮助下
The old man crossed the busy street with the aid of a young man.在一个年轻人的帮助下，那位老人穿过了繁忙的马路。
aid sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人
He aided his grandma with crossing the street. 他帮奶奶过马路。
即学即练：
1. 我在朋友的帮助下完成了作业。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
2. Her mom often gives aid to neighbors who need help.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
3. 老师帮助那个学生练习英语阅读。
翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
19 safety / se fti/
情景学单词：
①Thanks to the first aid and safety class he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse!多亏了在学校上过的急救与安全课，他知道水会让油火越烧越旺！②The hiker reached safety before the dark came.徒步旅行者在天黑前到达了安全的地方。
safety 是 词，意为：① ；②___________________
派生词：
safety → safe adj. 安全的
常见搭配/用法：
road safety 道路安全 food safety 食品安全in safety处于安全中 for safety 为了安全
We stayed at home in safety during the heavy rain. 大雨期间，我们安全地待在家里。Food safety is important for everyone’s health. 食品安全对每个人的健康都很重要。
即学即练：
1. We must learn about road safety when we walk to school.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________ 2. We lock the door for safety at night.翻译句子： ______________________________________________________________________
20 extinguisher / k st ɡw (r)/
情景学单词：
Instead, he ran to the living room to get the extinguisher. 相反，他跑到客厅去拿灭火器。
extinguisher 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
extinguisher → extinguish v.扑灭；熄灭
常见搭配/用法：
put out a fire with an extinguisher 用灭火器灭火
即学即练：
1. You must know how to use an extinguisher in an emergency.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________ 2. 他用灭火器扑灭了厨房里的火。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
21 eat out
情景学单词：
Maybe we should eat out tonight.或许今晚我们应该出去吃一顿。
短语eat out 意为： ___________________
即学即练：
We will eat out to celebrate my mom’s birthday.翻译句子: ______________________________________________________________________
22 tonight
情景学单词：
Maybe we should eat out tonight.或许今晚我们应该出去吃一顿。
tonight 是 词，意为：___________________
Tonight is my birthday. 今晚是我的生日。
tonight 是 词，意为：___________________
即学即练：
1. 今晚我要和朋友一起学习。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
23 sadly / s dli/
情景学单词：
①The little boy cried sadly when he lost his toy. 小男孩丢了玩具，难过地哭了。②We tried our best, but sadly, we didn’t win the game.我们尽了最大努力，但可惜的是，我们没赢得比赛。
sadly 是 词，意为：① ；②___________________
派生词：
sadly → sad adj. 伤心的 → sadness n. 伤心；悲伤
即学即练：
选词填空：sad, sadly, sadness 1. The girl looked when she couldn’t find her mom.2. , we missed the last bus home.3. He told us that his cat was lost.4. Her face made us feel sorry for her.5. His eyes were full of when he talked about his dog.
24 smoke /sm k/
情景学单词：
Suddenly, they smelt smoke and found the pan was on fire. 突然，他们闻到了烟味，发现锅着火了。
smoke 是 词，意为：___________________
①My uncle smokes every day.我叔叔每天抽烟。②The chimney is smoking—they are cooking. 烟囱在冒烟，他们在做饭。
smoke 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
smoke → smoky adj. 烟雾弥漫的、冒烟的 → smoking n.吸烟 adj. 吸烟的
即学即练：
Be careful—smoke can be dangerous.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
25 unfortunately / n f t n tli/
情景学单词：
Unfortunately, his shirt was on fire, so he dropped to the ground and rolled until the fire was out.不幸的是，他的衬衫着火了，于是他扑倒在地，翻滚着直到火被扑灭。
unfortunately 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
unfortunately → unfortunate adj.不幸的；令人遗憾的 → fortunate adj.幸运的 → fortunately adv. 幸运地
常见搭配/用法：
放句首，用逗号与主句隔开
Unfortunately, we missed the school bus. 遗憾的是，我们错过了校车。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：（ ）______, I found my lost key in the bag.A. Unfortunately B. Fortunately C. Sadly D. Unfortunate2. 遗憾的是，我今天不能和你玩。翻译句子: ______________________________________________________________________
26 luckily / l k li/
情景学单词：
Luckily, James wasn’t badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯受的伤并不严重。
luckily 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
luckily → luck n. 幸运；运气 → lucky adj. 幸运的 → → unlucky adj. 不幸地 → unluckily adv. 不幸地
常见搭配/用法：
放句首，用逗号与主句隔开
Luckily, the rain stopped before the picnic.幸运的是，野餐前雨停了。
即学即练：
选词填空：luck, lucky, luckily, unlucky, unluckily1. , I forgot my math book at home this morning.2. She has good —she always gets what she wants.3, It’s that we didn’t miss the bus.4. , the fire was small and easy to put out.5. He is very today—he lost his wallet and missed the bus.
27 badly / b dli/
情景学单词：
Luckily, James wasn’t badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯受的伤并不严重。
badly 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
badly → bad adj. 坏的；糟糕的 → worse adj. & adv. 更糟的; 更糟地 → worst adv. 最糟的; 最糟地
即学即练：
选词填空：bad, badly, worse, worst1. The little girl sings —her voice is not clear at all.2. She did in the English exam. Her brother did than her, and their sister did the .3. This is a idea. Don’t do that—it will make things .
28 lie /la /
29 lie down
情景学单词：
①Don’t lie down for too long as it could make your back feel sore. 不要长时间躺卧，否则可能会让你的背部感到疼痛。②The map lies on the table for us to look at. 地图平放在桌子上，方便我们查看。③I lay on the bed for 10 minutes this afternoon. 我今天下午在床上躺了 10 分钟。
lie是 词，意为：① ；② ，其过去式为：③ ___________________
短语lie down 意为：
常见搭配/用法：
lie on the bed/sofa/floor 躺在床上 / 沙发上 / 地板上
lie down 躺下
Lie down and rest—you look tired. 躺下休息会儿，你看起来很累。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He (lie)on the sofa and fell asleep an hour ago
2. Don’t lie down for too long—it’s bad for your back.翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
30 hit /h t/
情景学单词：
①Suddenly, something hit her hard and threw her to the ground.突然，有什么东西猛地撞向了她，她猛地摔到了地上。②He hit the ball with a bat. 他用球棒击球。
hit 是 词，意为：① ；② ，其过去式为：___________________
He gave the ball a hard hit. 他用力击球。
hit 是 词，意为：
常见搭配/用法：
hit sb. on the head/arm/leg 击打某人的头 / 胳膊 / 腿
The boy hit his friend on the arm by accident. 男孩不小心撞到了朋友的胳膊。
hit back 反击；回击
Don’t hit back when someone hurts you—tell a teacher.有人伤害你时别反击，告诉老师。
hit the ground 落地；摔倒在地
The apple fell from the tree and hit the ground. 苹果从树上掉下来，落到了地上。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：The ball (hit) the window and made a loud noise.2. Don’t hit back even if someone says bad things about you.翻译句子: ______________________________________________________________________
31 shock / k/
情景学单词：
She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她当时处于极度惊吓的状态，而且她的胳膊还在流血。
shock 是 词，意为： ___________________
The bad news shocked all of us. 这个坏消息让我们所有人都很震惊。
shock 是 词，意为： ___________________
派生词：
shock → shocking adj.令人震惊的 → shocked adj. 感到震惊的
常见搭配/用法：
be shocked at/by sth. 对某事感到震惊
She is shocked by his words. 她对他的话感到震惊。
be shocked to do sth. 做某事感到震惊
We are shocked to know the truth. 知道真相后，我们很震惊。
a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个震惊
His decision is a big shock to his family. 他的决定对家人来说是个巨大的震惊。
即学即练：
1. 听到这个消息，我很震惊。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________ 2. 选词填空：shock, shocked, shocking(1) It was a great to know the park is closed today.(2) The accident made everyone sad.(3) She was when she saw the broken window
32 peanut / pi n t/
情景学单词：
“Were there any peanuts in our food ”he asked nervously.“我们的食物里有花生吗？”他紧张地问道。
peanut 是 词，意为：___________________
即学即练：
My grandma makes peanut candy every winter.翻译句子： ______________________________________________________________________
33 nervously / n v sli/
情景学单词：
“Were there any peanuts in our food ”he asked nervously.“我们的食物里有花生吗？”他紧张地问道。
nervously 是 词，意为：___________________
派生词：
nervously → nervous adj. 紧张的 → nervousness n. 紧张；不安
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She walked (nervous) into the classroom before the exam.
34 allergic / l d k/
情景学单词：
Oh, no. I am allergic to peanuts!哦，不。我对花生过敏!
allergic 是 词，意为： ___________________
派生词：
allergic → allergy n. 过敏症；反感
常见用法/搭配：
be allergic to sth. 对某物过敏
My dad is allergic to peanuts—he can’t eat any peanut products.我爸爸对花生过敏，不能吃任何花生制品。
即学即练：
1. 春天很多人对花粉过敏。翻译句子： ______________________________________________________________________
35 from now on
情景学单词：
I’ll take better care of myself from now on. 从现在起我会更加好好照顾自己了。
短语from now on 意为： ___________________
常见搭配/用法：
多与一般将来时（will/be going to）连用，也可与一般现在时（表习惯性动作）搭配From now on, I will get up early every morning. 从现在开始，我每天早上要早起。He is going to exercise more from now on. 他从现在开始要多锻炼。She walks to school from now on—it’s good exercise.从现在开始，她步行上学，这是很好的锻炼。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：From now on, we (not be) late for school.2. 从现在开始，她打算学习弹钢琴。翻译句子：______________________________________________________________________
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