资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Growing Up Section A单词精讲
01 deal with
情景学单词：
How do we deal with our emotions 我们该如何处理自己的情绪呢？
短语deal with意为：处理；对付
常见搭配/用法：
处理；应对（人 / 事 / 问题）
deal with a problem处理问题 deal with stress应对压力 deal with difficulties克服困难
与…… 打交道 / 相处（人/机构）
deal with customers 与客户打交道 deal with classmates 与同学相处
即学即练：
1. 选择题：（A）We need to ______ this small problem quickly.A. deal with B. go with C. play with2. 考试前你如何应对压力？翻译句子：How do you deal with stress before exams
3. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：My dad dealt (deal) with the broken car yesterday.
02 emotion / m ( )n/
情景学单词：
How do we deal with our emotions 我们该如何处理自己的情绪呢？
emotion 是名词，意为：情感；情绪
派生词：
emotion → emotional adj. 情感的；情绪化的
常见搭配/用法：
control/manage emotion 控制情绪
It’s important to control your emotion when you’re angry. 生气时控制情绪很重要。
express emotion 表达情绪
Kids often express emotion through crying or laughing. 孩子们常通过哭或笑表达情绪。
即学即练：
1. 她很少表达情绪，因为她很害羞。翻译句子：She seldom expressed her emotion because she is shy.
03 upset / p set/
情景学单词：
Peter felt upset after his fight with Harry. 彼得在和哈里争吵之后感到很沮丧。
upset 是形容词，意为：难过的；沮丧的
常见搭配/用法：
be upset (about sth.) 为某事心烦
She is upset about missing the bus. 她因为没赶上公交车而心烦。
be upset (with sb.) 对某人心烦 / 生气
My dad is upset with me for forgetting his birthday. 我爸爸因为我忘了他的生日而沮丧。
即学即练：
1.选择题：（ A ）She was ______ when she heard her favorite team lost the game.A. upset B. happy C. excited2. I feel upset because I can’t find my keys.翻译句子：我感到很沮丧，因为我找不到我的钥匙了。
04 lonely / l nli/
05 alone / l n/
情景学单词：
The old man lives alone and often looks lonely.这位老人独自生活，常常显得孤单。
lonely 是形容词，意为：孤独的；寂寞的
alone 是副词，意为：独自；单独
派生词：
lonely → loneliness n. 孤独；寂寞
辨析：
alone 是 “客观上没人陪伴”，lonely 是 “主观上觉得孤单”He is alone but not lonely. 他独处但不孤独。
即学即练：
选词填空：lonely; alone1. He likes to walk alone in the morning—it helps him think.2. The little girl felt lonely when her parents went out.3. Don’t worry about her—she can finish the work alone.4. Please leave me alone for a while—I need to rest.
06 shocked / kt/
情景学单词：
I was shocked when I heard the news.听到这个消息时，我很震惊。
shocked是形容词，意为：震惊的
派生词：
shocked → shock v. 使震惊；使惊愕 n.震惊；令人震惊的事 → shocking adj. 令人震惊的
常见搭配/用法：
be shocked at/by sth. 因某事感到震惊
I was shocked at the bad news. 我对这个坏消息感到震惊。She was shocked by his rude words. 她被他无礼的话惊呆了。
be shocked to do sth. 做某事时感到震惊
He was shocked to see the broken window. 看到窗户破了，他很惊愕。
即学即练：
1. 我妈妈听到这个好消息时非常惊讶。翻译句子：My mom was shocked at the good news.2. 他看到他的老朋友感到很惊讶。翻译句子：He was shocked to see his old friend.3. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：— Did you hear the news I was shocked to hear about the fight yesterday.— It was a shock to me too. (shock)
07 control /k n tr l/
情景学单词：
Peter couldn’t control his anger when he talked to Harry. 当彼得和哈里交谈时，他无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。control 是动词，意为：控制
The driver lost control of the car on the wet road.司机在湿滑的路面上失去了对汽车的控制。
control 是名词，意为：控制
常见搭配/用法：
take control of 控制；接管
He took control of the team after the old leader left. 老领导离开后，他接管了这个团队。
lose control (of ) 失去控制
The car lost control and hit a tree. 汽车失去控制撞到了树上。
under control 处于控制之下
The fire is now under control—no need to worry. 火势现在已得到控制，无需担心。
即学即练：
1. 当和别人吵架时，你必须控制你的情绪。翻译句子：You must control your emotion when you argue with others.2. The teacher asked him to take control of the class when she was away.翻译句子：老师让他在她不在的时候负责管理班级。
08 anger / ɡ (r)/
情景学单词：
Peter couldn’t control his anger when he talked to Harry. 当彼得和哈里交谈时，他无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。
anger 是名词，意为：怒火
派生词：
anger → angry adj. 生气的；愤怒的→ angrily adv. 生气地；愤怒地
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：anger, angry, angrily(1) My dad was angry with me for being late.(2) He spoke angrily to the boy who broke his pen.(3) It’s not good to show anger in front of kids.
09 advise / d va z/
情景学单词：
Ella advised Peter to call Harry. 埃拉建议彼得给哈里打电话。
advise 是动词，意为：建议；劝告
派生词：
advise → advice n. 建议；忠告（不可数）
常见搭配/用法：
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
My doctor advised drinking more water every day. 医生建议我每天多喝水。
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
My teacher advised me to read English every morning. 老师建议我每天早上读英语。
advise sb. against doing sth. 劝告某人不要做某事
The doctor advised her against eating too much fast food. 医生劝她不要吃太多快餐。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Her mom’s advice is very useful—she advises her to drink more milk every day. （advise）2.用所给单词的适当形式填空: My brother advised me against buying (buy) that expensive phone.3. 选择题：( B ) The doctor advised ______ more exercise to keep healthy.A. to do B. doing C. do D. did4. 我建议你每天读 30 分钟英语。翻译句子：I advise you to read English for 30 minutes every day.
10 hurtful / h tfl/
情景学单词：
Don’t say such hurtful things to your friends.别对你的朋友说这种伤人的话。
hurtful 是形容词，意为：伤感情的
派生词：
hurtful → hurt v. 伤害 → hurtfully adv. 伤人地；有害地
常见搭配/用法：
be hurtful to sb. 对某人来说是伤人的
What you said is hurtful to her. 你说的话对她来说很伤人。
即学即练：
1. Those hurtful words made her very sad.翻译句子：那些伤人的话让她非常伤心。2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Why would you make such a hurtful joke It really hurt our friend. （hurt）3. That silly joke is hurtful to the new student.翻译句子：那个无聊的玩笑对新来的同学很伤人。
11 in future
情景学单词：
I’ll be more careful in future. 我以后会更加小心的。
短语in future意为：今后；从今以后
辨析：
in future: 从今以后（强调“从现在开始的未来”，暗含 “提醒、警告或承诺” 的语气）Please be more careful in future. 今后请更小心。→ 提醒之后要改变态度in the future: 在未来（泛指 “遥远的将来”，无提醒意味）We may live on Mars in the future. 未来我们可能住在火星上。→ 单纯描述未来
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：in future, in the future(1) In future, please check your homework before handing it in (提交).(2) People will use more electric(电的) cars in the future.2. 今后不要再上课迟到了。翻译句子: Don’t be late for class again in future.
12 forgive /f ɡ v/
情景学单词：
It’s OK. I forgive you. 没关系。我原谅你了。She forgave him after he said sorry.他道歉后，她原谅了他。
forgive 是动词，意为：原谅；宽恕， 其过去式为： forgave
派生词：
forgive → forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕
常见搭配/用法：
forgive sb. 原谅某人She forgave him after he said sorry for his mistake. 他为自己的错误道歉后，她原谅了他。forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事原谅某人My mom forgave me for forgetting her birthday. 妈妈原谅了我忘记她生日这件事。forgive and forget 既往不咎；冰释前嫌They had a fight, but later they decided to forgive and forget.他们吵了一架，但后来决定既往不咎。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( B ) She couldn't forgive him ______ breaking his promise.A. of B. for C. with D. about2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She forgave (forgive) him yesterday after he explained everything.3. (1) I forgave him for being late because he was ill.翻译句子：我原谅了他的迟到，因为他生病了。(2) They decided to forgive and forget and be friends again.翻译句子：他们决定冰释前嫌，重新做朋友。
13 fault /f lt/
情景学单词：
It was my fault. 这是我的错。
fault是名词，意为：过错；责任
派生词：
fault → faulty adj. 有故障的；有缺陷的 → faultless adj. 完美的；无过错的
常见搭配/用法：
it's one's fault 是某人的错It's not your fault. The accident happened because of bad weather.这不是你的错，事故是恶劣天气导致的。
辨析：
fault: 侧重 “需承担责任的过错”mistake: 侧重 “无意犯下的错误”I made a mistake in the math problem（无意犯错）, but it's not my fault that the team lost（无需担责）
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：fault, mistake(1) I think you made a mistake in your homework—this number is wrong.(2) It's his own fault that he failed the exam—he didn't study at all.2. 这不是你的错，别自责了。(blame v. 责备)翻译句子：It's not your fault. Don't blame yourself.
14 clear the air
情景学单词：
We should talk so that we can clear the air. 我们应该好好谈谈，这样才能尽释前嫌。
短语clear the air意为：尽释前嫌
即学即练：
She had a fight with her sister, but they met the next day to clear the air.翻译句子：她和姐姐吵了一架，但第二天就见面消除了误会。
15 present / prez( )nt/
情景学单词：
That guitar was a birthday present from my grandfather when I was eight. 那把吉他是我八岁时祖父送给我的生日礼物。
present 是名词，意为：礼物
常见搭配/用法：
give sb. a present 给某人送礼物My mom gave me a book as a birthday present. 妈妈送了我一本书作为生日礼物。
即学即练：
他下周会送妹妹一本故事书作为儿童节礼物。翻译句子: He will give his sister a storybook as a Children’s Day present next week.
16 standard / st nd d/
情景学单词：
①— Really Weren’t grades pretty good this term — 真的吗？这学期的成绩不是挺好的吗？— Yeah, but my parents have very high standards. — 是啊，但我父母的标准很高。②This hotel keeps a good standard of service for all guests.这家酒店对所有客人都保持着不错的服务水平。
standard 是名词，意为：①标准；②水平
This is a standard size for T-shirts. 这是 T 恤的标准尺码。
standard 是形容词，意为：标准的
派生词：
standard → standardize v. 使标准化；使统一
常见搭配/用法：
a high/low standard of... …… 的高 / 低水平
She has a high standard of English. She speaks very well. 她的英语水平很高，说得非常好。
即学即练：
Many people want a high standard of living. They work hard for it.翻译句子：很多人想要高水平的生活，他们为此努力工作。
17 award / w d/
情景学单词：
She gets better grades, plays the piano well, often wins awards. 她的成绩比较好，钢琴弹得也很棒，还经常获奖。
award 是名词，意为：奖；奖品
常见搭配/用法：
give an award to sb.给某人颁奖 The school gave an award to the best student of the year. 学校给年度最佳学生颁发了奖项。a gold/silver award 金 / 银奖
即学即练：
My teacher gave an award to me for my good grades.翻译句子：我的老师因为我成绩好给我颁了奖。
18 get across
情景学单词：
How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly. 不如给他们写封信，这样你就能把意思传达得清楚明白了吧。
短语get across意为：解释清楚；传达
常见搭配/用法：
get sth. across (to sb.) 把某事 / 信息传达给某人并让其理解She tried to get her idea across to the team, but no one listened.她试图把自己的想法传达给团队，但没人听。get across clearly 清楚地传达get across successfully 成功传达
即学即练：
1. She used pictures to help her get her idea across to the class.翻译句子：她用图片来帮助自己向全班同学表达想法。2. 他用简单的例子让大家理解了他的计划。翻译句子：He used simple examples to get his plan across to everyone.
19 clearly / kl li/
情景学单词：
How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly. 不如给他们写封信，这样你就能把意思传达得清楚明白了吧。
clearly 是副词，意为：清楚地
派生词：
clearly → clear adj. 清楚的 & v. 清除 → clarity n. 清晰度；明确性
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please speak clearly (clear) so that the old people can hear you.
20 pressure / pre (r)/
情景学单词：
I’m feeling a lot of pressure because my parents have very high standards. 我感到压力很大，因为我的父母对我的要求非常高。
pressure 是名词，意为：压力
派生词：
pressure → press v. 按；压
常见搭配/用法：
under pressure 承受压力put pressure on sb. 给某人施压Her parents don’t put pressure on her to get good grades. 她的父母不给她施压要求好成绩。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：I feel a lot of pressure (pressure) before important exams.2. His blood pressure is a bit high—he needs to pay attention to rest.翻译句子：他的血压有点高，需要注意休息。
21 purpose / p p s/
22 on purpose
情景学单词：
Although people might hurt you sometimes, it doesn’t always mean that they did it on purpose. 尽管有时人们可能会伤害你，但这并不总是意味着他们是有意为之的。
purpose 是名词，意为：目的；意图短语on purpose 意为：故意；有意地
常见搭配/用法：
for the purpose of (doing) sth. 为了…… 的目的She came here for the purpose of learning English. 她来这里是为了学英语的目的。on purpose 故意地；有意地I didn’t break the cup by accident—I did it on purpose. 我不是不小心打碎杯子的，我是故意的。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( A) (1) She came to the library ______ the purpose of borrowing a storybook.A. for B. with C. on D. in( B )(2) Did you break the window ______ purpose, or was it an accident A. in B. on C. for D. with2. I didn’t say that on purpose. Please don’t be angry with me.翻译句子：我不是故意那么说的，请别生我的气。
23 reduce by half
情景学单词：
Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad so that your joy will be doubled, and your problems will be reduced by half. 无论心情是好是坏，都要和你所爱的人交流一下，这样你的快乐将会翻倍增加，而你的烦恼也会减少一半。
短语reduce by half 意为：减少一半
常见搭配/用法：
主动语态：主语（施动者）+ reduce + 宾语（被减少的事物）+ by halfThe shop reduced the price of apples by half. 商店把苹果的价格减半了。被动语态：宾语（被减少的事物）+ be reduced + by halfThe price of apples were reduced by half. 苹果的价格减半了。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(1) The factory reduced (reduce) its waste by half since last year.(2) The price of this dress was reduced (reduce ) by half in the sale—let’s buy it!2. After improvement, the noise of the machine was reduced by half.翻译句子：经过改进，机器的噪音减少了一半。
24 apologize / p l d a z/
情景学单词：
Although you apologize, the other person might not want to talk to you. 虽然你道歉了，但对方可能还是不愿意和你说话。
apologize 是动词，意为：道歉
派生词：
apologize → apology n. 道歉；歉意
常见搭配/用法：
apologize to sb. 向某人道歉I forgot her birthday, so I must apologize to her tomorrow. 我忘了她的生日，明天必须向她道歉。apologize for (doing) sth. 因某事 / 做某事道歉He apologized for being late to the meeting. 他为开会迟到而道歉。apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 向某人因某事 / 做某事道歉The boy apologized to his teacher for talking in class. 那个男孩为上课说话向老师道歉。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：I apologized (apologize) to my teacher yesterday for my carelessness.2. 他们为上课大声说话向全班道歉。翻译句子：They apologized to the class for talking loudly during the lesson.
25 put oneself in sb’s shoes
情景学单词：
You won’t understand why she got upset until you put yourself in her shoes. 直到设身处地为她着想之后，你才会明白她为何会如此生气。
短语put oneself in sb’s shoes意为：设身处地；处于某人的境地
即学即练：
If you put yourself in my shoes, you’ll understand why I was angry.翻译句子：如果你站在我的角度，就会明白我为什么生气了。
26 shut / t/
27 shut sb/sth away
情景学单词：
①Please shut the door before you leave. 你离开前请把门关上。②She shut the book and stood up. 她合上书，站了起来③Shut up! You’re talking too much. 住嘴！你说得太多了。shut 是动词，意为：①关闭；②合上；③住嘴My mom shut the door when she went out. 我妈妈出门时关上了门。shut 的过去式为：shutNext, share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away. 接下来，与你信任的人分享你的烦恼，而非把自己封闭起来。短语shut sb./sth. away意为：把......关（藏）起来；隔离
常见搭配/用法：
shut up 闭嘴；住口Shut up! I’m trying to listen to the teacher. 闭嘴！我在努力听老师讲课。shut down 关闭；倒闭；停止运转The old factory shut down last year because of environmental problems. 那家老工厂去年因环境问题而关闭了。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He shut (shut) the door loudly and left angrily.2. The old computer shut down suddenly because of a power cut. （power cut 停电）翻译句子：那台旧电脑由于停电突然停止了运行。3. He shut the old photos away in a box and never looked at them.翻译句子：他把旧照片藏在盒子里，再也没看过。
28 lastly / lɑ stli/
情景学单词：
Lastly, remember to take care of yourself. 最后，请一定要照顾好自己。
lastly是副词，意为：最后
派生词：
lastly → last adj.最后的 & adv. 最后 & v.持续
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：To make tea, firstly boil some water; secondly put tea leaves in a cup; lastly (last) pour the hot water into the cup.2. Lastly, remember to read for 10 minutes before going to bed.翻译句子：最后，记得在睡前读 10 分钟书。
29 plenty / plenti/
30 plenty of
情景学单词：
You should eat healthy food, get plenty of sleep, and exercise so that you can reduce you stress. 你应该吃健康的食物、保证充足的睡眠，并进行锻炼，这样就能减轻你的压力了。
plenty是代词，意为：充足；丰富；大量
短语plenty of 意为：充足；大量
派生词：
plenty → plentiful adj. 丰富的；充足的
常见搭配/用法：
plenty of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词（常用于肯定句）We have plenty of time to finish the homework. 我们有足够的时间完成作业。She has plenty of friends because she is kind. 她很善良，所以有很多朋友。
即学即练：
1. My sister has plenty of books about animals. She loves reading them.翻译句子: 我姐姐有很多关于动物的书籍——她非常喜欢阅读这些书。2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(1) We saw plenty of birds (bird) flying over the lake.(2) There is (be) plenty of water in the bottle—drink some.
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Unit 3 Growing Up Section A单词精讲
01 deal with
情景学单词：
How do we deal with our emotions 我们该如何处理自己的情绪呢？
短语deal with意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
处理；应对（人 / 事 / 问题）
deal with a problem处理问题 deal with stress应对压力 deal with difficulties克服困难
与…… 打交道 / 相处（人/机构）
deal with customers 与客户打交道 deal with classmates 与同学相处
即学即练：
1. 选择题：（ ）We need to ______ this small problem quickly.A. deal with B. go with C. play with2. 考试前你如何应对压力？翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
3. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：My dad (deal) with the broken car yesterday.
02 emotion / m ( )n/
情景学单词：
How do we deal with our emotions 我们该如何处理自己的情绪呢？
emotion 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
emotion → emotional adj. 情感的；情绪化的
常见搭配/用法：
control/manage emotion 控制情绪
It’s important to control your emotion when you’re angry. 生气时控制情绪很重要。
express emotion 表达情绪
Kids often express emotion through crying or laughing. 孩子们常通过哭或笑表达情绪。
即学即练：
1. 她很少表达情绪，因为她很害羞。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
03 upset / p set/
情景学单词：
Peter felt upset after his fight with Harry. 彼得在和哈里争吵之后感到很沮丧。
upset 是 词，意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
be upset (about sth.) 为某事心烦
She is upset about missing the bus. 她因为没赶上公交车而心烦。
be upset (with sb.) 对某人心烦 / 生气
My dad is upset with me for forgetting his birthday. 我爸爸因为我忘了他的生日而沮丧。
即学即练：
1.选择题：（ ）She was ______ when she heard her favorite team lost the game.A. upset B. happy C. excited2. I feel upset because I can’t find my keys.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
04 lonely / l nli/
05 alone / l n/
情景学单词：
The old man lives alone and often looks lonely.这位老人独自生活，常常显得孤单。
lonely 是 词，意为：_________________
alone 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
lonely → loneliness n. 孤独；寂寞
辨析：
alone 是 “客观上没人陪伴”，lonely 是 “主观上觉得孤单”He is alone but not lonely. 他独处但不孤独。
即学即练：
选词填空：lonely; alone1. He likes to walk in the morning—it helps him think.2. The little girl felt when her parents went out.3. Don’t worry about her—she can finish the work .4. Please leave me for a while—I need to rest.
06 shocked / kt/
情景学单词：
I was shocked when I heard the news.听到这个消息时，我很震惊。
shocked是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
shocked → shock v. 使震惊；使惊愕 n.震惊；令人震惊的事 → shocking adj. 令人震惊的
常见搭配/用法：
be shocked at/by sth. 因某事感到震惊
I was shocked at the bad news. 我对这个坏消息感到震惊。She was shocked by his rude words. 她被他无礼的话惊呆了。
be shocked to do sth. 做某事时感到震惊
He was shocked to see the broken window. 看到窗户破了，他很惊愕。
即学即练：
1. 我妈妈听到这个好消息时非常惊讶。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 2. 他看到他的老朋友感到很惊讶。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 3. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：— Did you hear the news I was to hear about the fight yesterday.— It was a to me too. (shock)
07 control /k n tr l/
情景学单词：
Peter couldn’t control his anger when he talked to Harry. 当彼得和哈里交谈时，他无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。control 是 词，意为：_________________
The driver lost control of the car on the wet road.司机在湿滑的路面上失去了对汽车的控制。
control 是 词，意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
take control of 控制；接管
He took control of the team after the old leader left. 老领导离开后，他接管了这个团队。
lose control (of ) 失去控制
The car lost control and hit a tree. 汽车失去控制撞到了树上。
under control 处于控制之下
The fire is now under control—no need to worry. 火势现在已得到控制，无需担心。
即学即练：
1. 当和别人吵架时，你必须控制你的情绪。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 2. The teacher asked him to take control of the class when she was away.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
08 anger / ɡ (r)/
情景学单词：
Peter couldn’t control his anger when he talked to Harry. 当彼得和哈里交谈时，他无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。
anger 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
anger → angry adj. 生气的；愤怒的→ angrily adv. 生气地；愤怒地
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：anger, angry, angrily(1) My dad was with me for being late.(2) He spoke to the boy who broke his pen.(3) It’s not good to show in front of kids.
09 advise / d va z/
情景学单词：
Ella advised Peter to call Harry. 埃拉建议彼得给哈里打电话。
advise 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
advise → advice n. 建议；忠告（不可数）
常见搭配/用法：
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
My doctor advised drinking more water every day. 医生建议我每天多喝水。
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
My teacher advised me to read English every morning. 老师建议我每天早上读英语。
advise sb. against doing sth. 劝告某人不要做某事
The doctor advised her against eating too much fast food. 医生劝她不要吃太多快餐。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Her mom’s is very useful—she her to drink more milk every day. （advise）2.用所给单词的适当形式填空: My brother advised me against (buy) that expensive phone.3. 选择题：( ) The doctor advised ______ more exercise to keep healthy.A. to do B. doing C. do D. did4. 我建议你每天读 30 分钟英语。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
10 hurtful / h tfl/
情景学单词：
Don’t say such hurtful things to your friends.别对你的朋友说这种伤人的话。
hurtful 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
hurtful → hurt v. 伤害 → hurtfully adv. 伤人地；有害地
常见搭配/用法：
be hurtful to sb. 对某人来说是伤人的
What you said is hurtful to her. 你说的话对她来说很伤人。
即学即练：
1. Those hurtful words made her very sad.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Why would you make such a joke It really our friend. （hurt）3. That silly joke is hurtful to the new student.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
11 in future
情景学单词：
I’ll be more careful in future. 我以后会更加小心的。
短语in future意为： _________________
辨析：
in future: 从今以后（强调“从现在开始的未来”，暗含 “提醒、警告或承诺” 的语气）Please be more careful in future. 今后请更小心。→ 提醒之后要改变态度in the future: 在未来（泛指 “遥远的将来”，无提醒意味）We may live on Mars in the future. 未来我们可能住在火星上。→ 单纯描述未来
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：in future, in the future(1) , please check your homework before handing it in (提交).(2) People will use more electric(电的) cars .2. 今后不要再上课迟到了。翻译句子: ____________________________________________________________________
12 forgive /f ɡ v/
情景学单词：
It’s OK. I forgive you. 没关系。我原谅你了。She forgave him after he said sorry.他道歉后，她原谅了他。
forgive 是 词，意为： ， 其过去式为： _________________
派生词：
forgive → forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕
常见搭配/用法：
forgive sb. 原谅某人She forgave him after he said sorry for his mistake. 他为自己的错误道歉后，她原谅了他。forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事原谅某人My mom forgave me for forgetting her birthday. 妈妈原谅了我忘记她生日这件事。forgive and forget 既往不咎；冰释前嫌They had a fight, but later they decided to forgive and forget.他们吵了一架，但后来决定既往不咎。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( ) She couldn't forgive him ______ breaking his promise.A. of B. for C. with D. about2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：She (forgive) him yesterday after he explained everything.3. (1) I forgave him for being late because he was ill.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ (2) They decided to forgive and forget and be friends again.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
13 fault /f lt/
情景学单词：
It was my fault. 这是我的错。
fault是 词，意为： _________________
派生词：
fault → faulty adj. 有故障的；有缺陷的 → faultless adj. 完美的；无过错的
常见搭配/用法：
it's one's fault 是某人的错It's not your fault. The accident happened because of bad weather.这不是你的错，事故是恶劣天气导致的。
辨析：
fault: 侧重 “需承担责任的过错”mistake: 侧重 “无意犯下的错误”I made a mistake in the math problem（无意犯错）, but it's not my fault that the team lost（无需担责）
即学即练：
1. 选词填空：fault, mistake(1) I think you made a in your homework—this number is wrong.(2) It's his own that he failed the exam—he didn't study at all.2. 这不是你的错，别自责了。(blame v. 责备)翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
14 clear the air
情景学单词：
We should talk so that we can clear the air. 我们应该好好谈谈，这样才能尽释前嫌。
短语clear the air意为：_________________
即学即练：
She had a fight with her sister, but they met the next day to clear the air.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
15 present / prez( )nt/
情景学单词：
That guitar was a birthday present from my grandfather when I was eight. 那把吉他是我八岁时祖父送给我的生日礼物。
present 是 词，意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
give sb. a present 给某人送礼物My mom gave me a book as a birthday present. 妈妈送了我一本书作为生日礼物。
即学即练：
他下周会送妹妹一本故事书作为儿童节礼物。翻译句子: ____________________________________________________________________
16 standard / st nd d/
情景学单词：
①— Really Weren’t grades pretty good this term — 真的吗？这学期的成绩不是挺好的吗？— Yeah, but my parents have very high standards. — 是啊，但我父母的要求很高。②This hotel keeps a good standard of service for all guests.这家酒店对所有客人都保持着不错的服务水平。
standard 是 词，意为：① ；②_________________
This is a standard size for T-shirts. 这是 T 恤的标准尺码。
standard 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
standard → standardize v. 使标准化；使统一
常见搭配/用法：
a high/low standard of... …… 的高 / 低水平
She has a high standard of English. She speaks very well. 她的英语水平很高，说得非常好。
即学即练：
Many people want a high standard of living. They work hard for it.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
17 award / w d/
情景学单词：
She gets better grades, plays the piano well, often wins awards. 她的成绩比较好，钢琴弹得也很棒，还经常获奖。
award 是 词，意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
give an award to sb.给某人颁奖 The school gave an award to the best student of the year. 学校给年度最佳学生颁发了奖项。a gold/silver award 金 / 银奖
即学即练：
My teacher gave an award to me for my good grades.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
18 get across
情景学单词：
How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly. 不如给他们写封信，这样你就能把意思传达得清楚明白了吧。
短语get across意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
get sth. across (to sb.) 把某事 / 信息传达给某人并让其理解She tried to get her idea across to the team, but no one listened.她试图把自己的想法传达给团队，但没人听。get across clearly 清楚地传达get across successfully 成功传达
即学即练：
1. She used pictures to help her get her idea across to the class.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 2. 他用简单的例子让大家理解了他的计划。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
19 clearly / kl li/
情景学单词：
How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly. 不如给他们写封信，这样你就能把意思传达得清楚明白了吧。
clearly 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
clearly → clear adj. 清楚的 & v. 清除 → clarity n. 清晰度；明确性
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：Please speak (clear) so that the old people can hear you.
20 pressure / pre (r)/
情景学单词：
I’m feeling a lot of pressure because my parents have very high standards. 我感到压力很大，因为我的父母对我的要求非常高。
pressure 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
pressure → press v. 按；压
常见搭配/用法：
under pressure 承受压力put pressure on sb. 给某人施压Her parents don’t put pressure on her to get good grades. 她的父母不给她施压要求好成绩。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：I feel a lot of (pressure) before important exams.2. His blood pressure is a bit high—he needs to pay attention to rest.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
21 purpose / p p s/
22 on purpose
情景学单词：
Although people might hurt you sometimes, it doesn’t always mean that they did it on purpose. 尽管有时人们可能会伤害你，但这并不总是意味着他们是有意为之的。
purpose 是 词，意为：_________________ 短语on purpose 意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
for the purpose of (doing) sth. 为了…… 的目的She came here for the purpose of learning English. 她来这里是为了学英语的目的。on purpose 故意地；有意地I didn’t break the cup by accident—I did it on purpose. 我不是不小心打碎杯子的，我是故意的。
即学即练：
1. 选择题：( ) (1) She came to the library ______ the purpose of borrowing a storybook.A. for B. with C. on D. in( )(2) Did you break the window ______ purpose, or was it an accident A. in B. on C. for D. with2. I didn’t say that on purpose. Please don’t be angry with me.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
23 reduce by half
情景学单词：
Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad so that your joy will be doubled, and your problems will be reduced by half. 无论心情是好是坏，都要和你所爱的人交流一下，这样你的快乐将会翻倍增加，而你的烦恼也会减少一半。
短语reduce by half 意为：_________________
常见搭配/用法：
主动语态：主语（施动者）+ reduce + 宾语（被减少的事物）+ by halfThe shop reduced the price of apples by half. 商店把苹果的价格减半了。被动语态：宾语（被减少的事物）+ be reduced + by halfThe price of apples were reduced by half. 苹果的价格减半了。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(1) The factory (reduce) its waste by half since last year.(2) The price of this dress (reduce ) by half in the sale—let’s buy it!2. After improvement, the noise of the machine was reduced by half.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
24 apologize / p l d a z/
情景学单词：
Although you apologize, the other person might not want to talk to you. 虽然你道歉了，但对方可能还是不愿意和你说话。
apologize 是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
apologize → apology n. 道歉；歉意
常见搭配/用法：
apologize to sb. 向某人道歉I forgot her birthday, so I must apologize to her tomorrow. 我忘了她的生日，明天必须向她道歉。apologize for (doing) sth. 因某事 / 做某事道歉He apologized for being late to the meeting. 他为开会迟到而道歉。apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 向某人因某事 / 做某事道歉The boy apologized to his teacher for talking in class. 那个男孩为上课说话向老师道歉。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：I (apologize) to my teacher yesterday for my carelessness.2. 他们为上课大声说话向全班道歉。翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
25 put oneself in sb’s shoes
情景学单词：
You won’t understand why she got upset until you put yourself in her shoes. 直到设身处地为她着想之后，你才会明白她为何会如此生气。
短语put oneself in sb’s shoes意为：_________________
即学即练：
If you put yourself in my shoes, you’ll understand why I was angry.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
26 shut / t/
27 shut sb/sth away
情景学单词：
①Please shut the door before you leave. 你离开前请把门关上。②She shut the book and stood up. 她合上书，站了起来③Shut up! You’re talking too much. 住嘴！你说得太多了。shut 是 词，意为：① ；② ；③_________________ My mom shut the door when she went out. 我妈妈出门时关上了门。shut 的过去式为：_________________ Next, share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away. 接下来，与你信任的人分享你的烦恼，而非把自己封闭起来。短语shut sb./sth. away意为： _________________
常见搭配/用法：
shut up 闭嘴；住口Shut up! I’m trying to listen to the teacher. 闭嘴！我在努力听老师讲课。shut down 关闭；倒闭；停止运转The old factory shut down last year because of environmental problems. 那家老工厂去年因环境问题而关闭了。
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：He (shut) the door loudly and left angrily.2. The old computer shut down suddenly because of a power cut. （power cut 停电）翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________ 3. He shut the old photos away in a box and never looked at them.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
28 lastly / lɑ stli/
情景学单词：
Lastly, remember to take care of yourself. 最后，请一定要照顾好自己。
lastly是 词，意为：_________________
派生词：
lastly → last adj.最后的 & adv. 最后 & v.持续
即学即练：
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：To make tea, firstly boil some water; secondly put tea leaves in a cup; (last) pour the hot water into the cup.2. Lastly, remember to read for 10 minutes before going to bed.翻译句子：____________________________________________________________________
29 plenty / plenti/
30 plenty of
情景学单词：
You should eat healthy food, get plenty of sleep, and exercise so that you can reduce you stress. 你应该吃健康的食物、保证充足的睡眠，并进行锻炼，这样就能减轻你的压力了。
plenty是 词，意为：_________________
短语plenty of 意为：_________________
派生词：
plenty → plentiful adj. 丰富的；充足的
常见搭配/用法：
plenty of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词（常用于肯定句）We have plenty of time to finish the homework. 我们有足够的时间完成作业。She has plenty of friends because she is kind. 她很善良，所以有很多朋友。
即学即练：
1. My sister has plenty of books about animals. She loves reading them.翻译句子: ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(1) We saw plenty of (bird) flying over the lake.(2) There (be) plenty of water in the bottle—drink some.
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