资源简介

(共38张PPT)
Unit 3
Sea Exploration
Reading and thinking
研读课标
该阅读文本是一篇说明文，主题是“了解海洋探索”，脉络清晰地介绍了中国从古至今的海洋探索历程。贯穿全文的是一条时间线：从早期的航海探索到明代郑和下西洋，再到现代的“一带一路”和中国海洋科考，最后表达对海洋探索未来的展望。本文旨在让学生通过阅读语篇，在深入了解中国从古至今的海洋探索的进程中，思考海洋探索对国家乃至整个世界的影响，体会“一带一路”，特别是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的深远意义——伴随着科技的进步，中国将展望未来，继续开拓进取，深化海外合作，从而培养学生人类命运共同体意识。
明确上节课存在的问题
通过学习文本，初步掌握一些常见的阅读技巧让学生学会用英语叙述航海活动及其影响的能力，并对自己口语输出的内容进行自我纠正。
学习目标
确定聚焦解决上节课存在问题目标
掌握一些常见的阅读技巧让学生学会用英语叙述航海活动及其影响的能力，并对自己口语输出的内容进行自我纠正。
1.了解“海洋探索”主题下的词汇如 explore(exploration), find its way to, sail from ... to...；
2.理解并使用表达目的和影响功能的句式，比如 on voyage of, the aim of ..., in order to... , lead to, help to do；
3.通过活动的开展学习，让学生在合作与探究过程中实施和提高语言的综合运用能力和学习的激情与兴趣，同时培养同学们的探究、合作等方面的意识与能力。
研知识环节重点、课堂实施环节重点
1.学生能够了解与“海洋探索”相关的词汇。
2.学生能够理解并使用表达目的和影响功能的句式。
3.学生能够根据提供的信息按照时间线简要地口述中国和世界的探索旅程。
研本节课解决上一节课存在问题的具体实施意见、确定本节课的课堂观察视角
1.Create contextual exercises: translation, finish the
context.
2.Focus on comprehensive application ability.
“思”环节的设计
问题1：
问题2：
Can you use the past participle as the attributive correctly and properly according to the context
Can you use “as” correctly in relative clauses
各环节时间
Time taken and activities adopted :
语法结构、用法：10 mins
对比学习: 10mins
语境理解： 20mins
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
Para. 1
贸易和好奇心往往构成了人类最伟大成就的基础。绘制完成伟大的世界地图是早期文明人民的强烈热情。马可波罗的故事启发了欧洲探险家寻找从西到东的海上路线。然而，来自东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布第一次从东向西航行早了很多年。
form the foundation of构成...的基础
set sail from 从...起航
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
Para. 2
在古代，来自中国的丝绸通过陆路到达印度、中东和罗马，这就是后来的丝绸之路。一条横跨大海的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸，以锡兰（现在的斯里兰卡）为中心。在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议，这也提高了他们对彼此文化的了解。几个世纪以来，进一步的贸易允许对中国西部地区进行更多的探索，正如杜环在八世纪的《我的游记》中所记录的那样。
杜环的《经行记》
Read for detailed information
Para. 3
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队向西航行，进行贸易和勘探。这些舰队是一道亮丽的风景线，在当时属于他们自己。在郑和的指挥下，他们从南中国海出发，穿过印度洋，到达红海河口，然后到达非洲东海岸。非洲王室送长颈鹿等礼物作为友谊的象征，以换取黄金、丝绸和香料。尽管中国在1433年后退出了进一步的探险，但这些陆地和海上路线在几个世纪以来一直是其他文化之间的活跃渠道。
Para. 4
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
今天，跨越大海仍然是一种强烈的愿望。21世纪海上丝绸之路是“一带一路”倡议倡议的一部分，郑和旅行的古代海上航线正在被重新审视。这项倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。贸易近年来大幅增长，并将在未来几年继续增长。中国在这些路线上的系统和服务投资了数十亿美元，这将有助于整个地区的巨大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
Read for detailed information
Para. 5
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
中国还与海对岸的朋友一道参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代航海路线已经走过了很多次，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一起进行了几次北极探险。从科学的角度来看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
Read for detailed information
Para. 6
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
在手头；可供使用
激励；促进；推动
增进，增强，提高
数百年过去了，随着最新技术的掌握，贸易的需要和加强关系的愿望将推动中国在遥远的未来跨越海洋。
Language points
Ⅳ
1 form the foundation
2 set sail (from)
3 negotiate trade deals
4 a sight to behold
5 be in a league of one’s own
6 under the command of
（从……）起航；开航
独领风骚
Language points: Important phrases (P26 ~ P28)
构成基础
洽谈贸易协议
壮观的景象
在……的指挥下
7 in return for
8 withdraw from
9 strengthen the bonds
10 for the benefit of
11 in hand
12 press conference
加强联系
为了……的利益
从……中退出 / 撤回
在手头；可供使用
记者招待会；新闻发布会
Language points: Important phrases (P26 ~ P28)
作为……的回赠
1. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). (Para. 2)
以锡兰（今斯里兰卡）为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. (Para. 4)
作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. (Para. 5)
尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。
4. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (Para. 2)
几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
5. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. (Para. 3)
非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。
6. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. (Para. 4)
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
7. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (Para. 5)
从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
1. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). (Para. 2)
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. (Para. 4)
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. (Para. 5)
过去分词、过去分词短语作后置定语，放在被修饰的名词后面，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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(1) The Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun is familiar to us.
(2) The city surrounded by mountains is my hometown.
(3) Tell the children playing there (= who are playing there) not to make so much noise.
(4) They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.
过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性。
作定语的现在分词表示正在进行的动作 (变为从句时，要用进行时态), 或表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态 (变为从句时, 用一般时态)。
Read and Summarize
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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他们中的一些人，生在农村长在农村，从没到过北京。
(2) 正在召开的这个会议很重要。
(3) Apart from the urgent problems _______ (cause) by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.
The meeting (which is) being held now is very important.
caused
即学即练
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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1. Please give me a knife (cut) with.
2. They are always the first (bear) hardships, the last to enjoy comforts.
3. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ____________ (appoint) to guard her. (2014 浙江)
4. The airport ______________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. (2013 四川)
to cut
to bear
appointed
to be completed
高考链接
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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When 1. ______ (ask) about poetry, most people will say that a poem is a text 2. _______ (have) rhythm and rhyme. Famous are the lines 3. _______ (write) by William Blake, which have clear rhythm and rhyme. Others will add that poems must have a certain form with a fixed number of lines and a fixed rhyme pattern, such as a sonnet. Apart from some short songs and poems 4. ________ (include) in his plays, all of Shakespeare’s greatest poems are sonnets. John Milton was one of the first poets 5. _______ (start) writing poems without rhyme at the end of the lines. Once 6. _________ (publish), his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
asked
having
written
included
to start
published
即学即练
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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4. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (Para. 2)
5. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. (Para. 3)
Analyze the sentences:
Sentence 4，as 是连词，引导非限定性定语从句；
Sentence 5，as 是介词，翻译为“作为”。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
4. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (Para. 2)
上句中as recorded 似乎不完整，但as的这种用法其实是一种省略现象。
以下两种解释都可接受：
第一,把as看作关系代词, 指代后面整个主句的内容, as是定语从句的主语,后面省略了is。因此,as recorded等于as is already recorded。
第二, 把as看作从属连词,引导方式从句,意为“像……那样”,as之后省略了it is,it指代整个主句的内容。因此,as recoded等于as it is recorded。
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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能用于此句式的动词，一般都是“陈述、叙述、描述、提及、说及、显示、指出”之类的词，多用于议论文体，是带有总结性的提示语。
as already said 2. as already mentioned
3. as already described 4. as already discussed
5. as already noted 6. as already stated
7. as already announced 8. as already pointed out
9. as already indicated 10. as already hinted
11. as already told 12. as already shown
13. as already emphasized 14. as already observed
15. as already explained 16. as already suggested
Summarize
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
用which或as填空
(1) ______ you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
(2) And our porters carry your luggage, ______ means that you can simply enjoy the experience.
(3) Smoking is harmful to one’s health, ______ is known to us all.
(4) It was raining heavily last night, _______ prevented me from going to the party.
As
which
as
which
(1) as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前，而which则不能；
(2) as引导的非限制性定语从句有“正如”之意，而which没有此义。
Compare and Find
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
1. 如前所述，反映平均收入有许多方法，包括每个人口，每一工人，或每一工时的平均收入。
2. 正如已经讨论的，顾客有不同于用户的目标。
Customers, as already discussed, have different goals than users.
As already noted, there are many ways of describing average income, including per member of the population, per worker, or per hour worked.
即学即练
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
1. ________ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
2. He smiled politely ________ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
3. Hot ______ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
4. Just ______ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
5. — Coach, can I continue with the training
— Sorry, you can’t ________________ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
As
as / when
as
as
as / for / because
即学即练
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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1. I’m as tall as him.
2. There are lots of famous buildings as the Eiffel Tower and the Arch of Triumph.
3. He works as a tour guide.
4. You ought to do as Paul tells you.
5. We didn’t know what to do as we were just visiting there.
6. He has earned as much money as I have.
adv 跟……一样地；同样地
adv 如同；例如
prep 作为；以……的身份
conj 像……一样；依照；像
conj 因为
pron (与such, the same, as等连用，引导从句) 与……相同的物或人
Read and Summarize
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
“把……看作……”如何表达？
regard … as … consider… as …
eye … as … treat … as …
think of … as … take … as …
have … as … keep … as …
see … as … count … as …
view… as … respect … as …
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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6. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. (Para. 4)
the aim of sth is to do sth　某事的目的是做某事
strengthen the bonds　加强联系
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
Translate
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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strength和strengthen相关短语：
with all one’s strength 竭尽全力；全力以赴
go from strength to strength 不断壮大；越来越强
build up one’s strength 恢复体力
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
strengthen one’s body 强健身体
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
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7. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (Para. 5)
there is an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
Exercise
There is no need _______ and it’s no use __________ there too early.
A. to rush; arriving B. to worry; to arrive
C. worrying; arriving D. to rush; to arrive
√
固定句型：there is no need to do sth 没必要做某事
it is no use doing sth 做某事没用处
Translate into Chinese
Language points: Important sentences (P26 ~ P27)
板书设计
1 form the foundation
2 set sail (from)
3 negotiate trade deals
4 a sight to behold
5 be in a league of one’s own
6 under the command of
7 in return for
8 withdraw from
9 strengthen the bonds
10 for the benefit of
11 in hand
12 press conference
精研限时练
限时练分为 1. 经典回顾：
2. 选词填空
3.完成句子
4.课文语法填空
5.阅读训练

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