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(共54张PPT)
UNIT 3
SEA EXPLORATION
REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA
They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development.
海洋是生命的孕育之地，连接世界，促进发展。
--- Xi Jinping
How do you understand the quote
Can you describe ocean using your own language
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Share your story with a partner.
Activity 1
Activity 1
Nationality: ____________________
Time: _____________________
Achievement:
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Navigator（领航员）: ___________________
Zheng He
Chinese
1405-1433
made seven voyages to the Western Seas;
his voyages are one of the world navigation feats (航行壮举)in history
Do you know any stories about sea voyages Share your story with a partner.
Activity 1
Nationality: ____________________
Time: _____________________
Achievement:
___________________________________
Navigator: _____________________
Christopher Columbus
Italian
1451-1506
discovered a new world
Do you know any stories about sea voyages Share your story with a partner.
Activity 1
Nationality: ____________________
Time: _____________________
Achievement:
___________________________________
Navigator: _____________________
Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese
1480-1521
made the first voyage around the world
Do you know any stories about sea voyages Share your story with a partner.
[ p t u'ɡi z]
Name:
Nationality:
Achievement:
Italy
The Travels of Marco Polo
a book that described to Europeans the mysterious culture and inner workings of the Eastern world.
Marco Polo (1254-1324)
From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited South-East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa.
India
Rome
the Middle East
overland Silk Road
Para.2
Xi’an
the Indian Ocean
Ceylon
centred around ...
the mouth of the Red Sea
the east coast of Africa
was extended along the coasts of...
Para. 2
seven large fleets 7个巨大的舰队
a sight to behold 壮观的景象
in a league of their own at that time 在那时独领风骚
Under the command of Zheng He
Para.3
the South China Sea
the Indian Ocean
the mouth of the Red Sea
route:
They set sail from...
across... to ...and
then to...
the east coast of Africa
While-reading
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository说明文, and argumentative议论文.
What type of essay it is
[ k sp z t r ]
① Narrative : a story with a beginning + middle + end.
② Descriptive : a subject + interesting details
③ Expository : a subject+ factual information
④ Argumentative : an idea + to convince the reader
Para.1　 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance the
relationships with other countries.
Para.2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para.3 C. In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para.4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para.5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged
cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and
the rest of the world
Para.6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other
important projects.
Read the passage again and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Activity 3
Reaching out Across the Sea
(an expository essay)
Para. 1
Para. 2 ~ 3
Para. 4 ~ 5
Para. 6
in the past
introduction to the topic
in the future
at present
How Chinese people have conducted sea explorations over time.
Time Order
Read for structure.
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
构成...的基础
贸易
好奇心
成就
动词不定式短语作主语
完成
激情
文明
故事
激励
欧洲 探险家
寻找
启航
商人
paragraph 1
贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可·波罗的故事(tale)激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航(set sail)之前许多年，东方的商人(merchant)和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。
paragraph 2
In ancient times,silk from China found its way overland to India,the Middle East,and Rome,along what became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
在古代
被 称 为
丝绸之路
延伸
海岸
印度洋
以...为中心
paragraph 2
Here,merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals， which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China,as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
洽谈贸易协议
引导定从
几个世纪间
认识，意识
促使；(增进)
允许
探索
地区
记录
《经行记》
在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路后来就是闻名遐迩的"丝绸之路"。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸(extend)。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈(negotiate)贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。
paragraph 3
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these relations.Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.Under the command of Zheng He ,they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea,and then to the east coast of Africa.
进一步
舰队
航行
独领风骚
壮观的景象
在...的指挥下
发展与...的关系
paragraph 3
African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold,silk,and spices.Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433， these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
非洲王室
作为...的回赠
从...退出
考察
活跃 通道
保持
后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队(fleet)西渡重洋，开展贸易和探索。当时，这些船队极为壮观，独领风骚(in a league of one's own)。在郑和的指挥下，船队从南中国海起航,穿越印度洋，直抵红海口,然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室(royal)赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料(spice)的回赠尽管1433年后中国停止(withdrawfrom)了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道(channel)。
paragraph 4
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
动词不定式作表语
动词不定式作主语
系动词（保持）
重访
21世纪海上丝绸之路
非限定从
“一 带 一 路” 倡议
目的
鼓励
合作
加强联系
gold黄金
silk 丝绸
spices香料
giraffe
African royal families 皇室成员sent gifts such as
giraffes as gestures of friendship in
return for gold,silk and spices.
paragraph 4
Trading has grown greatly in recent years,and will continue to do so in years to come.China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes,which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
现在完成时
近几年
投资
定从
为了...的利益
文化交流
数十亿
今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上 maritime)丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系(bond)。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
paragraph 5
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times,there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years,China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.From a scientific point of view,there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
加入
项目
考察
从科学角度来看
为了
气候变化
探索
中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
paragraph 6
Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。
最新的
拥有
增进
关系
How is the passage developed
Which is introduced in each exploration
Time
Region
Result/
Purpose
in ancient times
in Ming Dynasty
today
in the future
Time sequence/order.
in recent years
Read for details. (Finish the timeline)
in ancient times
in the Ming Dynasty
today
in recent years
far into the future
Time
Region
Purpose
/ Significance
India, the Middle East, Rome, the coasts of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka
the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the mouth of the Red Sea, the east coast of Africa
the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He, the Belt and Road Area
the Arctic
unknown
negotiate trade deals, cultural awareness
develop relations
encourage cooperation and trade, strengthen the bonds, develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange
trade and enhance relationships
understand climate change and its effects
Para. 2
Para. 5
Para. 4
Para. 3
Para. 6
Read for details.
the Belt and Road Initiative一带一路行动
aim:
1. encourage cooperation and trade
2. strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the word.
China has invested已投资 billions in systems and services
along these routes.
build roads
build railways
provide medical care
and energy equipment
build ports for
other countries.
dig wells for Africans
There are still many other places to explore.
several expeditions to explore the Arctic 北极.
Read the text again. Consider how the passage is developed.
Activity 4
How is the passage developed
time sequence process problem and solution
compare and contrast cause and effect definition and description
Time
in ancient times
in the 8th century
in Ming Dynasty
today
in the future
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centered around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
Time Order
Identifying the structure of the passage
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
Time Order
Identifying the structure of the passage
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and exchange.
Time Order
Identifying the structure of the passage
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effect.
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
Time Order
Identifying the structure of the passage
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Activity 4
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Step 1　Fast-reading
Ⅰ.Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks.
Trade and curiosity: Formed the 1.__________ of mankind's greatest achievements.
Marco Polo's tales: 2.________ European explorers to search for sea routes.
In ancient times：The way became known as the 3.____ Road.
foundation
Inspired
Silk
The Ming Dynasty：Further 4._________ relations.
Today：To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire. The aim is to 5._________ cooperation and trade. China has also 6.______ its friends on other important projects.The 7.______ to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
Ⅱ.Read the text again and complete the main idea of it.
The text is mainly about ___________________________．
developed
encourage
joined
desire
reaching out across the sea
Step 2　Careful-reading
Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Who didn't make contributions to reaching out across the sea exploration
A.Marco Polo. B．Zheng He.
C.Da Gama. D．Columbus.
2．Which of the following is NOT right about Zheng He
A.He lived in Ming Dynasty.
B.He set sail from the East China Sea to the east coast of Africa.
C.He once reached the Red Sea.
D.He once reached Indian Ocean.
3．Which of the following statements is NOT right
A.The Maritime Silk Road is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
B.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade.
C.China has invested much money in systems and services along these routes.
D.As time goes on, the sea routes don't remain active.
答案　1.C　2.B　3.D
Step 3　Post-reading
Fill in the blanks according to the passage or the given words.
Trade and 1._________ (curious)have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.Marco Polo's tales 2.________(inspire) European explorers to search for sea routes.
curiosity
inspired
In ancient times, silk from China found 3.___(it) way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along 4.____ became known as the Silk Road.Later, the Ming Dynasty 5._______(far) developed relations with these regions. 6._____ the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.7.__ reach out across the sea 8._______(remain) a strong desire today. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and 9.__________(strong) the bonds. China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.
its
what
further
Under
To
remains
strengthen
The desire to enhance relationships 10.__________(drive) China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
will drive
We have learned…
In ancient times-The Ming Dynasity- Today-in recent years-Future.
To negotiate trade. Cultural awareness.
To develop relations.
To encourage cooperation.
To strengthen the bones.
To greatly develop the whole area of the benefit of future.
Scientific cooperation.
Four major types of essay.
They are narrative, descriptive, expository, argumentative.
The history and significance of China's sea exploration.
Finish off Activity 5 on Page 27.
Retell the passage.
Surf online to know which countries are involved in the Belt and Road Initiative.

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