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主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
真题lianjie
1..(2025年全国高考一卷)“The players’ personalities _________ __(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ___________ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.”
2..(2025年全国高考二卷)The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ___________ (be) one of them.
are revealed
tries
is
高考早知道
近年高考真题对谓语动词的考查是结合时态、语态和主谓一致综合进行的考查。在解答涉及动词题时，需要考虑全面，不能单纯的考虑某一个语法现象，而需要考虑语境整体时态、语态和主谓一致的综合运用。
什么是主谓一致？
1.We ____ students .
2.He ____ a student .
3.There ____somes students in the classroom .
are
is
are
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致，是英语语法的核心规则之一，其基本原则包括语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则 ：谓语动词的形式必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。例如，单数主语用单数动词（如"He runs"），复数主语用复数动词（如"They run"）。

主谓一致（Subject-Verb Concord）这一规则基于三个核心原则：
情景导入
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1.语法一致原则
I live① in Beijing，while my girlfriend lives① in Shanghai，and we haven’t① seen each other for a long time.To see her every day is② my dream.What I want to do is③ give up my present job and work in her city.However，all my relatives except my uncle object to④ my idea.Someone tells⑤ me that it is not worthwhile to give up my job，which brings⑥ me 10,000 yuan every month.Many a person thinks⑦ it not wise to leave the city I am living in.
规则感悟
该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式则谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式则谓语动词用复数形式：
①根据主语的人称和数来确定谓语动词的单复数。
②主语是动词不定式或动名词短语，谓语动词用单数。
③主语是从句，谓语动词一般用单数。
④主语后面跟有with，together with，except，but，as well as，rather than，besides，including等时，谓语动词的数与这些词前面的主语一致。
⑤主语为someone，anyone，everyone等不定代词时，谓语动词往往用单数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
⑦“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
主单谓单；主复谓复
原则①：根据主语的人称和数确定谓语动词单复数
Tom and his sister ________ (visit) their grandparents every weekend.
原则②：主语是不定式 / 动名词短语，谓语用单数
To finish the task on time ________ (require) a lot of effort.
Collecting stamps from different countries ________ (be) one of his hobbies since childhood.
原则③：主语是从句，谓语一般用单数
Whether we will have a picnic this weekend ________ on the weather.
visit
requires
has been
depends
原则④：主语后接 with/together with 等，谓语与前面主语一致
A woman with two children ________ (walk) along the street now.
No one except my parents ________ (know) the secret.
原则⑤：不定代词 someone/anyone 等作主语，谓语用单数
Everyone in our class ________ (have) a chance to take part in the competition.
原则⑥：定语从句谓语与先行词数一致
This is one of the books that ________ (be) written by Mo Yan.
is walking
knows
has
are
原则⑦：many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语用单数
Many a student ________ (dream) of becoming a scientist in the future.
More than one historical site ____________________ by the local government in the past three years.
dreams
has been repaired
Task1:
1.The poet and the writer _________ (have/has) come.
2.The poet and writer, Li Ming ,_________ (have/has) come.
have
has
解：1. and 连接的两个名词，指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and 的后面的名词前面没有冠词 2.连接的名词表示不同的事物,谓语动词用复数.
1.语法一致原则 ：谓语动词的形式必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。例如，单数主语用单数动词（如"He runs"），复数主语用复数动词（如"They run"）。
2.意义一致原则 ：谓语动词的单复数选择取决于主语的实际意义而非表面形式。例如，集体名词"family"表示整体时用单数动词（"The family is united"），强调成员时用复数动词（"The family are arguing"）。

主谓一致（Subject-Verb Concord）这一规则基于三个核心原则：
2.意义一致原则
I have been on a diet for four months.Four months is① not a short time.Though a large number of people don’t② understand me，the majority of people around me support③ me.The old consider④ it unwise to go on a diet，but the young admire④ me.At first my family were⑤ worried about me，but now they think I can choose to do this as long as it doesn’t harm my health.
规则感悟
①表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式，但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
②“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
③the majority of，the rest of，分数/百分数＋of＋名词，要根据名词的数或者是否可数来确定谓语动词的数。
④“the＋adj.”往往表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。
⑤family，group，team，class，government等集体名词，当表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。
二、意义一致原则
原则①：时间、数量、长度、价格等复数名词表整体，谓语用单数
Ten years ________ (be) a long time for a person to pursue a dream.
原则②：“a number of＋复数名词” 作主语，谓语用复数
A number of students in our class ____________ (take) part in the English speech contest next week.
As far as I know, a number of old buildings in the city ________ (be) pulled down last year.
原则③：the majority of/the rest of / 分数 / 百分数＋of＋名词，谓语随名词数变化
The majority of the land in this area ________ (be) covered with forests.
Three fifths of the workers in the factory ________ (come) from the countryside.
The rest of the water ________ (have) been used up for irrigation.
70% of the books in the library ________ (be) written in English.
is
will take
were
is
come
has
are
原则④：“the＋adj.” 表一类人，谓语用复数
The old in our community ________ (be) taken good care of by the volunteers.
原则⑤：集体名词（family/group/team 等），谓语随含义变化
Our family ________ (plan) to go on a trip to Sanya during the summer vacation.（强调整体）
His family ________ (be) all doctors, so they often give medical advice to their neighbors.（强调个体）
are
plans
are
1.语法一致原则 ：谓语动词的形式必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。例如，单数主语用单数动词（如"He runs"），复数主语用复数动词（如"They run"）。
2.意义一致原则 ：谓语动词的单复数选择取决于主语的实际意义而非表面形式。例如，集体名词"family"表示整体时用单数动词（"The family is united"），强调成员时用复数动词（"The family are arguing"）。
3.就近一致原则 ：当主语由多个成分组成时，谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的主语部分一致。例如，"Neither the teacher nor the students are present"中，动词与复数主语"students"保持一致。
主谓一致（Subject-Verb Concord）这一规则基于三个核心原则：
A or B
either A or B
neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
not A but B
whether...or
Verb
谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致
There/here be +A and B
三. 就近一致(Proximity principle): 谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定
There __________ (be ) a captain and three members in a team.
Not only my parents but also I________ (be ) fond of the show.
is
am
补充： 就远原则 : 谓语动词的人称和数由离他最远的主语决定
四个“和”
with
together with
along with
as well as
五个“除”
but
except
besides
apart from
in addition
一个“包括”
including
一个“不是 ”
谓语与最远的主语保持一致
rather than
The son as well as his parents ____________(want) to watch the film .
Everyone except you __________(clean) the classroom.
wants
cleans
真题lianjie
1.(2024全国甲卷)They (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
2.(2024新课标II卷)“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion 《牡丹亭》is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.
3.(2024新课标II卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, _________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
were
were
was built
summary:
1.解题时，要仔细分析句子成分，找出句子的主语和谓语动词。
2.判断主语的单复数形式，从而确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
3.主谓一致的考点常常结合时态和语态一起考查。
thank you

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